Digital Commons Network^™

Development And Characterization Of Forcespinning® Mesquite Gum Nanofibers, Cristobal Rodriguez, Victoria Padilla, Karen Lozano, Alexa Villarreal, Luis A. Materon, Robert Gilkerson

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

In this study, nanofibers incorporating Prosopis glandulosa mesquite gum (MG) exudate combined with biodegradable polymers, pullulan (PL) and chitosan (CH), were produced via the Forcespinning® technique. The nonwoven composite membranes were characterized via scanning electron microscopy followed by thermogravimetric and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. MG nanofiber composites comprised long, continuous fibers with an average fiber diameter of 523 ± 180 nm and 760 ± 225 nm for 18.1 and 28 wt% of MG, respectively. These composite membranes were water-stable after crosslinking via heat treatment with a ∼3 % water absorption capacity, and demonstrated a thermal capability with an increasing …

Hemodynamic And Mechanical Responses In The Brachial, Common Carotid, And Internal Carotid Arteries To A Maximal Strength Test In Males And Females, Gabriel Hernandez, Michael Diaz, Zaria Opara, Lavleen Sandhu, Octavia Gosnell, Louise Kelly, Jie Liu, Allan Knox

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Maximal voluntary contraction during an exercise test elicits robust sympathetic output in response to the physiological stress that is associated with maximal strength testing. The one-repetition maximum test (1RM) is a validated method to assess muscular strength, with varying responses between males and females. However, the vascular response of such testing in males and females is not clear. PURPOSE: To determine the hemodynamic and mechanical responses of the brachial (BA), common carotid (CCA), and internal carotid (ICA) arteries following a 1RM in males and females. METHODS: College-aged (22.5 ± 3.1 yrs) males (n=13) and females (n=16) who were …

Modeling The Oxidative Metabolic Breakdown Of Ethanol And Its Effects On The Cardiovascular System, Jessica F. Farfan, Allan Knox, Grady Hanrahan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Chronic ethanol consumption contributes to the global prevalence’s of cardiovascular disease by mechanisms involving an inflammatory response and consequent lipid peroxidation. Cytochrome p450 is a part of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) and can utilize iron complexes and the reductant NADPH to catalyze the breakdown of acute/chronic ethanol consumption. However, efficacy of MEOS to prevent cardiovascular burden induced by ethanol consumption is not clear. PURPOSE: To demonstrate the response of the cardiovascular system in response to the oxidative metabolic breakdown of ethanol via MEOS. METHODS: An extensive literature search provided data to develop a mechanistic model of the metabolism …

Body Composition And Performance Associations With Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamics And Stiffness Indices In Males And Females, Lavleen Sandhu, Zaria Opara, Michael Diaz, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnell, Louise Kelly Phd, Allan Knox Phd, Jie Liu Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sex differences in physiological parameters are being increasingly recognized as a robust prognostic factor in individuals at risk or suffering from cardiovascular disease. Body composition and physical performance measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are strongly associated with overall vascular health. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if body composition and physical performance measures were related to common carotid artery (CCA) hemodynamics and stiffness in males and females. METHODS: College-aged males and females who were free from cardiovascular risk factors performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO_2max) via indirect calorimetry and a maximal leg strength …

Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamic And Stiffness Responses To Acute And Repeated Bouts Of High Intensity Cardiorespiratory And Resistance Exercise, Zaria S. Opara, Michael Diaz, Lavleen Sandhu, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnel, Louise Kelly Ph.D, Jie Liu Md, Ph.D, Allan Knox Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High intensity exercise is a popular mode of physical activity amongst professional and recreational athletes. The physiological stress induced by intense cardiorespiratory and muscular strengthening exercise has clinically relevant cardiovascular benefits. However, the immediate cerebrovascular response to acute and repeated bouts of intense exercise has yet to be determined. PURPOSE: To observe the hemodynamic and stiffness indexes of the common carotid artery (CCA) in response to acute and repeated bouts of cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise. METHODS: Participants (n=28) performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO_2max), leg strength test (1RM), a sprint interval session (SIS, all out …

Peripheral And Cerebral Arterial Hemodynamic And Mechanical Responses To A Maximal Oxygen Consumption Exercise Test In Males And Females, Octavia Gosnell, Zaria Opara, Michael Diaz, Lavleen Sandhu, Gabriel Hernandez, Louise Kelly, Jie Liu, Allan Knox

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Variations in physiological responses to exercise between males and females have been identified by previous investigations. Maximal oxygen consumption tests (VO_2max) are widely used for exercise prescription within the professional and recreational capacity, in addition to providing insight of overall cardiovascular and pulmonary health. However, the specific response of multiple components of the arterial network have yet to be established and compared within males and females. PURPOSE: To determine the hemodynamic and mechanical responses of the brachial artery (BA), the common carotid artery (CCA), and the internal carotid artery (ICA) to VO_2max. METHODS: College-aged …

Chronic, Mild Hypothermic Environmental Temperature Does Not Ameliorate Cognitive Deficits In An Alzheimer's Disease Mouse., Samuel Mcfadden, Lindsey N Sime, Makayla F. Cox, Caleigh A Findley, Mackenzie R Peck, Kathleen Quinn, Yimin Fang, Andrzej Bartke, Erin R Hascup, Kevin N Hascup

Articles

Metabolic dysfunction increases with age and is a contributing factor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. We have previously observed impaired insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in the APP/PS1 model of AD. To improve these parameters, we chronically exposed male and female mice to mild hypothermic environmental temperature (eT), which positively modulates metabolism. Although a hypothermic eT normalized insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance was still impaired in both sexes of AD mice. We observed increased plasma glucagon and BAFF in both sexes, but additional sexually dimorphic mechanisms may explain the impaired glucose homeostasis in AD mice. Hepatic Glut2 was decreased in female …

The Minutes Of The Marshall University Graduate Council Meeting, November 18, 2022, Marshall University Graduate Council

Graduate Council Minutes

No abstract provided.

Neuromuscular Fatigability Associated With Different Pacing Strategies During An Ultra-Endurance Pull-Up Task: A Case Study, Jenny Zhang, Arash Khassetarash, Guillaume Y. Millet, Saied J. Aboodarda

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(3): 1514-1527, 2022. While neuromuscular fatigability has been previously characterized after running and cycling, no study has investigated an ultra-endurance upper body task. In preparation for a world record attempt, three pacing strategies to perform 1980 pull-ups in 6 hrs were compared during independent sessions: fast pace, long recovery (FL), fast pace, multiple short recoveries (FMS), and slow pace, no recovery (SN). Elbow flexion maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force, grip strength, peripheral fatigue, and biceps brachii electromyography were quantified every 330 pull-ups and during recovery, alongside heart rate, perceived effort, and arm muscle pain. In …

Remote Sensing Evidence For Significant Variations In The Global Gross Domestic Product During The Covid-19 Epidemic, Bin Guo, Wencai Zhang, Lin Pei, Xiaowei Zhu, Pingping Luo, Weili Duan

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading rapidly and is still threatening human health currently. A series of measures for restraining epidemic spreading has been adopted throughout the world, which seriously impacted the gross domestic product (GDP) globally. However, details of the changes in the GDP and its spatial heterogeneity characteristics on a fine scale worldwide during the pandemic are still uncertain. We designed a novel scheme to simulate a 0.1° × 0.1° resolution grid global GDP map during the COVID-19 pandemic. Simulated nighttime-light remotely sensed data (SNTL) was forecasted via a GM(1, 1) model under the assumption that there …

Bicycle Transportation Accessibility: How Electronic-Assist Bicycles Can Supplement Human Physiology, Charles Hruda

Student Research Symposium (SRS)

Global environmental and urban planning concerns have resulted in a large push for people to use cycling as a mode of transport. Topography, particularly uphill slopes can be huge deterrents for potential commuter cyclists, but electronic-assist bicycles are able to account for the physiological shortcomings of human beings. This paper analyzes and compares the required power output for professional cyclists against e-bike commuters to discover how much e-bikes can close the physiological gap between the two groups. For cycling on flat terrain, the majority of power is used to overcome aerodynamic resistance, which can vary heavily depending on rider position, …

Keeping An Eye On Circadian Time In Clinical Research And Medicine, Elizabeth B. Klerman, Allison Brager, Mary A. Carskadon, Christopher M. Depner, Russell Foster, Namni Goel, Mary Harrington, Et Al

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: Daily rhythms are observed in humans and almost all other organisms. Most of these observed rhythms reflect both underlying endogenous circadian rhythms and evoked responses from behaviours such as sleep/wake, eating/fasting, rest/activity, posture changes and exercise. For many research and clinical purposes, it is important to understand the contribution of the endogenous circadian component to these observed rhythms. Content: The goal of this manuscript is to provide guidance on best practices in measuring metrics of endogenous circadian rhythms in humans and promote the inclusion of circadian rhythms assessments in studies of health and disease. Circadian rhythms affect all aspects …

Business Benefits Associated With Improving Fatigue Regulations For Cargo Pilots, Arthur Chiari, Bruna De Gois E Silva, Nelson Christianini

Student Works

The central idea of this research is to assess business-related factors in the Pilots ́ Fatigue Regulations and evaluate if a more flexible regulation would improve productivity of airline cargo pilots in Brazil.

The results of the study have indicated that Brazilian Civil Aviation Authority (ANAC) can create a regulatory environment that may lead up to 34,28% of improved productivity of pilots ́ availability in cargo operations, which may contribute for gains up to USD $3.6 million for an airline with cargo 70 pilots flying 16.500 hours per year.

Aviation fatigue regulations are an extremely important subject in the aviation …

Color, Culture, And The Implications For Emotional, Cognitive, And Behavioral Reactions, Renee Lucas

LSU Master's Theses

Color plays a significant role in life, influencing how we perceive things, how symbols change in meaning, how brands, logos, and pictograms are communicated, as well as how our emotions are perceived and how our moods are affected. For designers, advertisers, and visual communicators, color is crucial because it has a big impact on how people perceive, relate to, and value an image or advertisement. There are many factors that play a role when people develop their personal color interpretations – one being culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the links between culture, color, and individuals’ cognitive, …

The “Mozart Effect”, Joshua Bonillas

Musicology and Ethnomusicology: Student Scholarship

The “Mozart Effect” is a name given to a supposed increase in cognitive functions due to listening to music before, or during, a task, such as taking a test. The name comes from the media after the original study, done by Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky, used Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major.

The Effect Of Covid- 19 Pandemic Process On Social Psychology And Nature-Based Therapeutic Activities, Aysun Yalvac, Esmahan Yalcin, Murad A. Kasalak

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

Today, many scientists have stated that the use of nature-based products and activities at certain rates together with the healing effect of modern medical techniques during the epidemic that affects the whole world has health-supporting benefits. Based on these views, people's consumption of products obtained from natural resources has increased and the interest in outdoor activities in nature has increased. Due to the positive effects of these activities on mental health, socialization and rehabilitation processes, over time, it became necessary to consider these activities within the scope of therapeutic recreation applied to groups with health restrictions such as the disabled, …

Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation Phenotypes In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Suzanne C. Carter, Alessandro N. Franciosi, Kate M. O'Shea, Orla M. O'Carroll, Ashutosh Sharma, Aoife Bell, Brian Keogan, Paul O'Reilly, Suzie Coughlan, Sheonagh M. Law, Robert D. Gray, Katherine B. Hisert, Pradeep K. Singh, Gordon Cooke, Brenda Grogan, Cillian F. De Gascun, Charles G. Gallagher, Trevor T. Nicholson, Bradley S. Quon, Edward F. Mckone

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Rationale: The etiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) is likely multifactorial with viral, bacterial, and non-infectious pathways contributing. Objectives: To determine whether viral infection status and CRP (C-reactive protein) can classify subphenotypes of PEx that differ in outcomes and biomarker profiles. Methods: Patients were recruited at time of admission for a PEx. Nasal swabs and sputum samples were collected and processed using the respiratory panel of the FilmArray multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum and plasma biomarkers were measured. PEx were classified using serum CRP and viral PCR: "pauci-inflammatory" if CRP < 5 mg/L, "non-viral with systemic inflammation" if CRP ⩾ 5 mg/L and no viral infection detected by PCR and "viral with systemic inflammation" if CRP ⩾ 5 mg/L and viral infection detected by PCR. Results: Discovery cohort (n = 59) subphenotype frequencies were 1) pauci-inflammatory (37%); 2) non-viral with systemic inflammation (41%); and 3) viral with systemic inflammation (22%). Immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, interleukin-10, interleukin-13, serum calprotectin, and CRP levels differed across phenotypes. Reduction from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second as percent predicted (FEV1pp) at onset of exacerbation differed between non-viral with systemic inflammation and viral with systemic inflammation (-6.73 ± 1.78 vs. -13.5 ± 2.32%; P = 0.025). Non-viral with systemic inflammation PEx had a trend toward longer duration of intravenous antibiotics versus pauci-inflammation (18.1 ± 1.17 vs. 14.8 ± 1.19 days, P = 0.057). There were no differences in percent with lung function recovery to <10% of baseline FEV1pp. Similar results were seen in local and external validation cohorts comparing a pauci-inflammatory to viral/non-viral inflammatory exacerbation phenotypes. Conclusions: Subphenotypes of CF PEx exist with differences in biomarker profile, clinical presentation, and outcomes.

Impacts Of Intermediate And Long-Term Vitamin D Deficiency On The Murine Gastric Epithelial Cells And Acid Secretion, Shaima Raji Sirajudeen

Dissertations

The biological functions of vitamin D (VD) are diverse. It influences immunological response, cell proliferation and differentiation, and calcium homeostasis. However, over one billion people globally are VD deficient. The VD receptors, VDR and PDIA3, mediate the biological activities of VD. Studies on the biological roles of VD are numerous but very little on the stomach. The stomach is divided into three main parts – forestomach, corpus and antrum. Gastric glands, which make up the functional units of the stomach, are made up of numerous cell lineages and are located in the corpus and antrum, which are the glandular parts …

The Effects Of Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise And Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp On Osteoglycin Levels In Young And Middle-Aged Men, Carlie Bauer, Alexander Tacey, Andrew Garnham, Cassandra Smith, Mary N. Woessner, Xuzhu Lin, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, David L. Hare, Joshua R. Lewis, Lewan Parker, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Osteoglycin (OGN) is a leucine-rich proteoglycan that has been implicated in the regulation of glucose in animal models. However, its relationship with glucose control in humans is unclear. We examined the effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on circulating levels of OGN as well as whether circulating OGN levels are associated with markers of glycemic control and cardio-metabolic health. Serum was analyzed for OGN (ELISA) levels from 9 middle-aged obese men (58.1 ± 2.2 years, body mass index [BMI] = 33.1 ± 1.4 kg∙m ^{− 2}, mean ± SEM) and 9 young men (27.8 ± 1.6 …

Exploring Physiology Instructors’ Use Of Core Concepts: Pedagogical Factors That Influence Choice Of Course Topics, Jeremy L. Hsu, Patricia A. Halpin

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The physiology core concepts are designed to guide instructors in undergraduate physiology courses. However, although past work has characterized the alignment of physiology programs with the core concepts, it is unclear to what extent these core concepts have influenced instructors’ pedagogical decisions or how represented these core concepts are across physiology courses. We surveyed undergraduate physiology instructors to determine their familiarity with the core concepts, the impact of the core concepts on their teaching, as well as the alignment of their courses with these core concepts. Instructors report predominantly relying on textbooks and past syllabi of their courses as resources …

International Conference Sport, Health And Society, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

UBT Annual International Conference is the 11th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent …

International Conference Sport, Health And Society, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

UBT Annual International Conference is the 11th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent …

International Conference On Sport, University For Business And Technology - Ubt

UBT International Conference

UBT Annual International Conference is the 11th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent …

Role Of Dim Artificial Light At Night (Dalan) On Body Weight Percentage Increase Of Mus Musculus, Stephanie A. Babinec

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

Light pollution at night is a growing issue in many suburban and urban settings, commonly referred to as artificial light at night (ALAN). Many studies have been conducted as to how the intensity or wavelength of this lighting can disrupt the circadian rhythm but none have evaluated how the timing of this light could affect it. It is hypothesized that those that chronically experience dim artificial light at night (dALAN) after biological day will lead to a more pronounced disruption in the metabolic system and therefore will cause an increased level of weight gain. Mice were used as test subjects …

Study On The Stability Of Lipase Of Terminally Cyclized Thermomyces Lanuginosus, Song Wen, Wu Xia-Xia, Lou Hai-Wei, Fang Hui-Min

Food and Machinery

Objective: To obtain industrial standard lipase with high activity and stability, Butelase 1 ligase was used to connect the N- and C-termini of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL), and then the protein characteristics, including heat stability, protease resistance, and enzymatic kinetics were analyzed. Methods: His6 affinity column was used to purify recombinant Butelase 1 (rButelase 1) and TLL (rTLL) from mammalian cells and E. co- li; rButelase 1 to was utilized connect the N- and C-termini of rTLL to generate circular rTLL (cTLL); the enzymatic activity, the heat stability, the protease resistance, the resistance to heat-induced precipitation, and …

Effects Of Coconut Powder On Thermomechanical Rheology Properties Of Wheat Flour, Li Ming, Sheng Zheng, Li Ze-Jun, Zhang Hai-Hua

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to develop coconut utilization in wheat dough products, the effects of coconut powder on the thermomechanical rheology properties of wheat flour was studied. Methods: Freeze dried coconut flour and wheat flour were mixed in different proportions, then mixed flour was analyzed by GB/T 37511—2019 of Mixolab mixing instrument. Results: The changes of the properties of gluten and starch in wheat flour were analyzed and discussed respectively. It was found that coconut powder had great effects on the properties of both starch and gluten. As the increase of coconut powder, the water absorption of mixed …

Quantifying Crossfit®: Potential Solutions For Monitoring Multimodal Workloads And Identifying Training Targets, Gerald T. Mangine, Tucker R. Seay

Open Access Publishing Fund Collection

The design of high-intensity functional training (HIFT; e. g., CrossFit^®) workouts and targeted physiological trait(s) vary on any given training day, week, or cycle. Daily workouts are typically comprised of different modality and exercise combinations that are prescribed across a wide range of intensities and durations. The only consistent aspect appears to be the common instruction to maximize effort and workout density by either completing “as many repetitions as possible” within a time limit (e.g., AMRAP, Tabata) or a list of exercises as quickly as possible. However, because effort can vary within and across workouts, the impact on …

Chronic Stress May Disrupt Covariant Fluctuations Of Vitamin D And Cortisol Plasma Levels And Placentome Formation In Pregnant Sheep During The Last Trimester: A Methodological Approach And Preliminary Report, Colin Wakefield

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Quality-Of-Service Provisioning For Smart City Applications Using Software-Defined Networking, Basima Kurungadan

Theses

In the current world, most cities have WiFi Access Points (AP) in every nook and corner. Hence upraising these cities to the status of a smart city is a more easily achievable task than before. Internet-of-Things (IoT) connections primarily use WiFi standards to form the veins of a smart city. Unfortunately, this vast potential of WiFi technology in the genesis of smart cities is somehow compromised due to its failure in meeting unique Quality-of-Service (QoS) demands of smart city applications. Out of the following QoS factors; transmission link bandwidth, packet transmission delay, jitter, and packet loss rate, not all applications …

Structural And Transient Kinetic Analysis On Mechanism-Based Inactivators Of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase, Arseniy Butrin

Dissertations

HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma, MBI, Mechanism-based inactivator, OAT, Ornithine Aminotransferase