Digital Commons Network^™

The Hai-Io Model: A Framework For Understanding The Human-Ai Communication Process, Rae Francis Quilantang

Human-Machine Communication

The increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into daily life calls for new theoretical frameworks that capture human-AI interaction’s dynamic, feedback-driven nature. Traditional models treat AI as a passive medium, overlooking its adaptive capabilities. This paper proposes the Human-AI Interaction Outcomes (HAI-IO) model, an interdisciplinary framework synthesizing human-machine communication, social exchange theory, dialogue systems, and computational feedback models like cybernetics and reinforcement learning. The HAI-IO model frames interaction as iterative and bidirectional—AI adapts through predictive processing while users adjust based on AI feedback. This mutual adaptation shapes trust, engagement, and system optimization. The model informs AI system design, user education, …

Development And Validation Of The Attitudes Toward Algorithms Scale: A Universal Scale To Measure Individuals Attitudes Toward Algorithmic Decision-Making, Nikolai Bock, Astrid M. Rosenthal-Von Der Pütten

Human-Machine Communication

Algorithmic decision-making (ADM) has become increasingly important across various fields, ranging from personal entertainment to criminal justice. While existing research has predominantly explored evaluative outcomes like individuals’ perceptions and interactions with these systems, there remains a significant gap in understanding the underlying mechanisms that lead to these outcomes. Building on traditional behavioral intention theories, we identified attitudes toward algorithms and ADM as crucial determinants. In response to the lack of an appropriate measure for this construct, we developed and validated the Attitudes Toward Algorithmic Decision-Making Scale (ATAS), a novel instrument designed to assess core beliefs that drive attitude formation toward …

College Students’ Perceptions Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Risks And Benefits In Pakistan, Rauf Arif, Muhammad Ittefaq, Lamia Zia

Human-Machine Communication

With the rapid advancements in technology over the past 2 decades, it has become crucial to understand people’s attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and its associated risks. Given the increasing access to the AI technologies, it is imperative to examine how young people in non-Western societies like Pakistan perceive AI risks and benefits. We conducted an online survey of college students who had used AI technology in the past 6 months. The results of our study indicate that the majority of college students view AI technology positively and perceive it as an opportunity to enhance workplace productivity. In addition, …

Casa Renovations: Examining Social Responses To An Anthropomorphic Media Representative That Is Separate From The Core Technology Being Represented, Rabindra Ratan, Dayeoun Jang, Taenyun Kim, Kelsey Earle, Gabriel E. Hales, Yiming Skylar Lei, Chaeyun Lim, Andrew Gambino

Human-Machine Communication

To extend our understanding of CASA and account for changes in technological complexity and configuration, this research asks: Do increasing levels of social cues in a media representative that is separate from the core technology it represents lead to increased perceived anthropomorphism of the core technology? And does such perceived anthropomorphism predict positive treatment of the core technology? We conducted two complementary studies observing e-scooter use and treatment, an online experiment focused on responses to video stimuli and a field experiment focused on actual user behavior. Findings suggest that, indeed, social cues in a media representative (i.e., an e-scooter rental …

Transformations And Revelations: The Communicative Constitution Of Trustworthiness And Trust Through Ai Development Practices, Tessa Bruijne, Anouk Mols, Jason Pridmore

Human-Machine Communication

This study explores AI development practices to understand how trustworthiness is built into AI systems, and how this generates trust in AI. Through a multi-sited ethnography based methodology, we analyze observations, interviews, and documentation from AI developers working on trustworthy AI. Our analysis shows two key practices: transformation and revelation. Through transformational AI development practices trustworthiness is (re)constituted, though more or lesser degrees. Through revelation practices, AI developers communicatively engage with others to generate trust. This focus on developers adds to the user-centric perspective and shows the role nontechnical development practices have in shaping trust and trustworthy AI before it …

Socio-Technical Exchange With Machines: Worker Experiences With Complex Work Technologies, Cameron W. Piercy, Reaia Turner-Leatherman

Human-Machine Communication

Machines are now commonplace work partners and Human-Machine Communication (HMC) is part of modern work. Guided by the machine heuristic and Social Exchange Theory (SET) this paper uses interviews with 22 workers to explore the socio-technical relationships between humans and machines at work. Participants worked with complex machines across a wide variety of industries and roles and findings reveal participants see machines as part of the work ecosystem, develop everyday machine heuristics to guide repeated interactions with machines, and that elements of human uniqueness persist in evaluations of humans and machines. Discussion points emphasize situated and developing human-machine interaction scripts, …

The New Age Of Naval Power In The Indo-Pacific: Strategy, Order, And Regional Security, Arthur Wong, Catherine L. Grant, Alessio Patalano, James A. Russell

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

Short-Term Solutions, Long-Term Problems—The U.S. Navy’S Approach To Mines During The Tanker War, Matthew Kastler

Naval War College Review

Mine warfare is a persistent threat to naval operations and ocean commerce, and yet it remains a persistent area of underinvestment by the U.S. Navy. The recent history of the Navy’s improvisational approach to emergent mine threats suggests how the Navy might succeed by “preparing to be unprepared” before it faces mines again.

New Thinking For A New Age—Competing Visions Of American Grand Strategy In The Twenty-First Century, Peter Dombrowski, Simon Reich

Naval War College Review

The contemporary grand strategy debate between deep engagement and restraint is inadequate both to contemporary geopolitical realities and to the strategies American presidents have actually pursued in recent decades. This updated typology of grand strategies sets the stage for a reinvigorated and more informed debate and research program.

The Impact Of Sec V. Jarkesy On Civil Tax Fraud Penalties, Bryan T. Camp

Florida Tax Review

On June 27, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its decision in Securities and Exchange Commission v. Jarkesy. It held that when the SEC sought a $300,000 civil penalty against Mr. Jarkesy for securities fraud, the Seventh Amendment entitled him to a jury trial in an Article III court. The week before, the Tax Court, an Article I court, issued a decision upholding the IRS’s imposition of a $6.3 million civil penalty against a taxpayer for tax fraud. No jury was available. That has been true since 1862: no jury has ever been available to taxpayers facing fraud penalties, …

Robot Prosecutors And The Future Of Criminal Justice In Indonesia: Innovation, Ethics, And Legal Implications, Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny, Zico Junius Fernando, Kasmanto Rinaldi

Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)

Robot prosecutors represent the integration of robotic technology and artificial intelligence (AI) into the traditional role of a prosecutor, reflecting the global trend towards automation and the application of technology within the legal system. This concept is no longer merely a theoretical; it has begun to materialize in certain jurisdictions. For instance, China has emerged as a pioneer in this field by successfully developing an innovative AI program capable of not only of identifying crimes through detailed data analysis but also of filing appropriate lawsuits. This progress underscores the immense potential of this technology to enhance efficiency and accuracy in …

Editorial Board And Call For Submissions

Journal of Graduate Education Research

No abstract provided.

Galvanizing Community, Support, Well-Being, And Self-Efficacy: Supporting Doctoral Candidates Throughout The Dissertation Writing Process, Njeri M. Pringle, Jamie L. Workman

Journal of Graduate Education Research

Recent data published by the Council of Graduate Schools indicates approximately 40% of students who begin doctoral coursework do not complete their degree. This asserts the need for graduate schools to examine ways in which they can support their doctoral student population, particularly through the dissertation writing process. The purpose of this autoethnographic study was to explore two methods of dissertation writing support: a dissertation writing group sponsored by a graduate school and independent dissertation coaching services. The article highlights key findings from each support system and provides implications for dissertation writing group facilitators, dissertation coaches, and graduate schools.

Understanding Black Students Experiences Through Faithcrit, P. J. Welch, Timothy P. Westbrook, Larissa Malone

Journal of Graduate Education Research

Abstract

Many faith-based higher education institutions have sought to improve the experiences of Black students. Yet, they often fail to understand Black students' unique experiences. What are the experiences of Black students at a Christian higher education institution? This qualitative study explores the experiences of Black students at one Christian higher education institution, focusing on their social experiences, retention strategies, and faith in their academic journey. Black alumni and current students were interviewed about Black students' experiences and retention at a Christian institution. This study utilizes the theoretical lens of FaithCrit, a new branch within critical race theory that delves …

“We Are Swans:” An Ecological Analysis Of U.S. International Students’ Experiences Of Higher Education Satisfaction, Eunsong Park, Corey S. Shdaimah, Yao Wang

Journal of Graduate Education Research

International students make important contributions to the US academic landscape and broader society; however, their numbers continue to decline in the face of an unwelcoming and unsupportive environment compared to their counterparts worldwide. This manuscript presents findings from a student satisfaction survey (n = 423) that included both multiple-choice and open-ended questions. We used the ecological model and the Spanning Systems Model as a framework, looking at how individual, community, institutional, and larger societal factors impacted the experiences of international students in the US. For quantitative analysis, hierarchical multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine factors associated with student satisfaction. …

Unmasking First-Generation Graduate Students’ Strengths: An Exploratory Literature Review, Hannah K. Walker, Latosha R. Hays, Trey Massingill, Akaari L. Gallagher, Evan W. Faidley

Journal of Graduate Education Research

First-generation graduate students encounter unique challenges in higher education, navigating systemic barriers and the hidden curriculum of graduate studies. These students rely on their strengths, such as resilience, adaptability, and cultural capital, to overcome inequitable access to resources and feelings of marginalization. This exploratory literature review examines the intersectionality of identities among first-generation graduate students and their implications for navigating academic and social barriers. The authors highlight research and practices that foster a sense of belonging and cultivate community support for the sake of deconstructing the hidden curriculum. Recommendations for policy, policy, and theorical application are provided for administrators and …

Nurse-Led Advocacy For Hiv And Hepatitis C: A Socioecological Approach Across Israel And The Philippines, Wedad M. Ashkar, James Montegrico

Global Advocacy

Background: HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) remain global public health challenges, with millions of people still undiagnosed or untreated. Nurses play a critical role in combating stigma and leading advocacy interventions in diverse cultural contexts. In Israel and the Philippines, nurses are addressing infectious disease care using multi-level strategies informed by local epidemiology and global health goals.

Purpose: This project aimed to identify, implement, and evaluate nurse-led advocacy strategies to reduce stigma and improve education, community engagement, and policy development around HIV and HCV in both Israel and the Philippines.

Methods: A socioecological model guided the development of …

The Role Of The Global Nursing Workforce In Health System Resilience During Disasters, Katherine Kruger

Global Advocacy

Background: Climate change and resulting impacts will be the largest global health threats of the 21st century. The global nursing workforce is critical to the resilience of health systems, especially in the face of climate-induced disasters. Nurses are the largest health workforce globally, representing more than 50% of the healthcare workforce, and are most frequently on the front lines of disaster events as clinicians, leaders, and advocates. Despite this, there remains a lack of objective evidence surrounding the unique contributions nurses make in preserving population health during disasters.

Objectives: This presentation will demonstrate the relationship between the global nursing workforce …

An Action Plan For Global Advocacy: First Aid And Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation As A Pillar In Disaster Health Preparedness, Nurul'ain Ahayalimudin

Global Advocacy

Despite increasing global investments in disaster risk reduction, the integration of First Aid and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training into national and community disaster preparedness strategies remains inadequate. This presentation outlines an urgent call to action for inclusive, culturally responsive, and community-accessible First Aid and CPR training—particularly targeting underserved, linguistically diverse, and geographically isolated populations. Systemic barriers such as cost, lack of trained instructors, cultural mismatches, and policy gaps limit equitable access to lifesaving skills.

This advocacy initiative aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 13 …

Global Advocacy For Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Dementias, Modupe F. Akintomide, Amy Reid

Global Advocacy

Background: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias represent a growing public health challenge, significantly impacting individuals, families, and healthcare systems worldwide. The increasing prevalence highlights the urgent need for effective strategies to improve care and support for those affected, in alignment with key United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 on health and well-being, SDG 10 on reducing inequalities, SDG 11 on sustainable cities and communities, and SDG 17 on partnerships for sustainable development.

Aim: To improve the quality of life for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias and their care partners through a multifaceted advocacy approach.

Methods: …

Message In A Bottle, Saptarshi Biswas

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The title of the image is inspired by a famous old song by the British rock band The Police. The song featured Sting’s evocative lyrics and captures a profound sense of isolation and longing. The song tells the story of a castaway who sends out a distress signal, only to discover that he is not alone in his feelings of loneliness. Through its haunting melody and rhythmic pulse, the track conveys themes of connection and the human experience, illustrating how, despite physical separation, people share similar struggles and emotions. The metaphor of the bottle serves as a poignant reminder of …

Multi-Center Survey Of Medicine Residents And Self-Assessment On Cardiac Complications In Obstetric Patients, Kevyn Niu, Christie A. Tran, Robert J. Subbiondo Md, Olubenga Oyesanmi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Internal medicine (IM) residents receive significant cardiology training, and previous surveys have evaluated IM resident competency on obstetric (OB)-related subjects. However, there is minimal literature on self-reported competence of cardiac-specific complications in OB patients. Our study assessed self-reported comfort and competency regarding cardiovascular complications in OB patients with medical residents across several specialties.

Methods

We surveyed 207 residents across 3 specialties and 3 teaching hospitals on 10 questions regarding their self-reported confidence in managing cardiovascular complications in OB patients, including practice setting, specific cardiac issues, and stages of labor. We received 42 responses. Results were obtained using Google Sheets …

Nondominant Right Coronary Artery Occlusion Leading To An Anterior St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Taha Ahmed, Taylor Wood, Austin Harris, Rajan Desai, Garima Handa, Naoki Misumida, Amartya Kundu

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

A nondominant right coronary artery supplies a small portion of the myocardium. Albeit rare, an acute occlusion of a nondominant right coronary artery is believed to be inconsequential with minimal clinical relevance.

Case Presentation

We present a case of a middle-aged man who presented with chest pain and an electrocardiogram demonstrating anterior ST-segment elevation. An emergent coronary angiogram revealed acute thrombotic occlusion of the proximal nondominant right coronary artery with no significant obstructive atherosclerotic disease in the dominant left coronary circulation. Balloon angioplasty of the occluded vessel followed by implantation of a drug-eluting stent resulted in the resolution of …

Ovarian Dysgerminoma With Tubo-Ovarian Torsion In An 11-Year-Old Child: A Rare Occurrence But A Significant Differential Diagnosis In Acute Abdomen, Charu Chandra, Keeranmayee Mishra, Rahul Mangal, Chirag Doshi, Apurba Anshuman Mishra

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Ovarian tumors are quite uncommon in the premenarchal age group, with the majority being functional cysts. Malignant tumors are unusual in this age group, making the diagnosis of ovarian malignancy in children quite challenging. Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant ovarian germ cell tumor in females. The clinical symptoms often include abdominal pain, distension, a palpable mass, reduced appetite, nausea, and vomiting.

Case Presentation

We discuss the case of an 11-year-old premenarchal girl who was brought to the emergency department with abdominal pain persisting for 3-4 days, which had intensified over the 24 hours before she arrived at the …

Brown Umbilical Nodule: A Case Of Primary Cutaneous Endometriosis, Richard G. Bindernagel Jr., Aleia Boccardi, Taylor C. Jindia, Parth Patel, Jaimie Bryan, Addie Walker, Summer Moon, Richard Miller

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Endometriosis is a common condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are implanted outside the uterine cavity. Rarely, the skin can be involved.

Case Presentation

We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman who presented to the dermatology clinic complaining of a brown umbilical nodule with slight erythema. It was occasionally painful and hemorrhagic. She denied a history of endometriosis and abdominal surgeries. A shave biopsy of the nodule was consistent with a diagnosis of cutaneous endometriosis. The patient was referred to her gynecologist for further evaluation and treatment.

Conclusion

This unique case demonstrates primary cutaneous endometriosis in the …

Sevoflurane In Status Asthmaticus: A Case Report And Literature Review, Amelia L. Gurley, Thomas W. Church, Sana Hadyah, Brandon Abrajan, Julia Cheree Glavinic

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Sevoflurane and other inhaled anesthetics are gradually entering provider awareness as rescue therapies for patients in refractory status asthmaticus. This paper documents a case report and a literature review involving the use of sevoflurane to treat status asthmaticus.

Case Presentation

A 27-year-old man presented to the emergency room in acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to status asthmaticus, refractory to multiple therapies and requiring intubation. He was successfully extubated following sevoflurane administration in the operating room, and his care was complicated by transient hypotension. A multidisciplinary effort was critical in ensuring successful and timely therapy.

Methods

We performed a literature …

Educational Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Discovers Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma, A Case Report: Clinical Implications And Review Of The Literature, Minh Q. Nguyen, Moshe Bengio, Vu H. Tran

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an indispensable tool for emergency physicians in assessing intra-abdominal pathology due to its real-time visualization, portability, and cost-effectiveness. While POCUS is not traditionally focused on adrenal gland assessment, incidental findings of adrenal masses during examinations have been reported. Our patient presented with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and was found to have a large adrenal mass, discovered incidentally, during thoracic ultrasound.

Case Presentation

This case report presents the discovery of an adrenal mass in a patient with respiratory distress due to a COPD exacerbation, emphasizing the importance of sonographers’ ability to identify …

A Complex Case Of A Large Fibroid Uterus Compressing The Inferior Vena Cava Causing Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis And Pulmonary Embolisms, Jessica Gil, Jessica Klingensmith, Lauren Hendrix, Patrick J. Stocker, Olugbenga Oyesanmi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Uterine fibroids have been found to increase the risk for venous thromboembolism. There have been other case reports linking large uterine fibroids, pulmonary embolisms, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) together due to compression of blood vessels and increased venous stasis. This case report will discuss a case of a large fibroid uterus compressing the inferior vena cava causing a patient with few risk factors to have recurrent DVTs and pulmonary embolisms.

Case Presentation

The patient was a 35-year-old woman who presented with repeated unprovoked thrombosis episodes. The patient had a full workup after the first episode of DVT and …

Using Dexcom G7 In Critically Ill Infant With Hyperinsulinemia On High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Support, Chad E. Ward, Timothy Clark, Eric Velezquez

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Life threatening hypoglycemia can occur during critical illness in infants with underlying hyperinsulinemia or metabolic conditions, such as glycogen storage diseases. Using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) can provide insight into glycemic trends with this high-risk patient population in the intensive care setting. Barriers to usage of CGMs in the intensive care unit include familiarity with CGMs devices among staff, safety, and cost.

Case Presentation

We describe the first reported case of safely utilizing the newest Dexcom G7 continuous glucose monitor in an infant with hyperinsulinemia undergoing high frequency oscillatory ventilator (HFOV) support for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) …

A Case Report And Evaluation Of Intrauterine Gas Of Unknown Origin, Chrystal Stallworth, Diane Gilbertson, Michele L. Mccarroll, Timothy Kremer

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Most reports of intrauterine or endometrial gas have been reported in the setting of underlying gynecologic malignancy or infection. The significance of this case report is to give a presentation of a patient presenting with intrauterine gas who subsequently was identified as having neither an infectious nor malignant cause for such a finding.

Case Presentation

The patient is a 56-year-old postmenopausal woman who presented with “hip pain” and was found to have incidental intrauterine gas on a pelvic computed tomography. She underwent in-office and outpatient hysteroscopies with resection of a submucosal fibroid. Her final pathology was returned as benign, …