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Interpreting The Supreme Court: Finding Meaning In The Justices' Personal Experiences, Amy Howe

Florida Law Review

At his 2004 confirmation hearing, Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. famously compared the role of a Supreme Court Justice to that of a baseball umpire and promised “to remember that it’s my job to call balls and strikes.” Roberts likely intended this to mean that he would serve as a neutral arbiter of the law, who simply applies the existing rules to reach the correct outcome. But in judging, as in baseball, that is not as easy as it sounds, especially when one of the primary criteria on which the Court relies to choose its cases is whether the …

Agenda (Pdf), Lsu Health Sciences Center - New Orleans

Usher Syndrome in Louisiana

Agenda, promotional flyer and resources list for the Usher Syndrome in Louisiana 5th Symposium held September 19, 2025.

Comprehensive Review Of In Vitro Gut-Brain Axis Models In Parkinson’S Disease Research, John Nicholas Cauba, Jihoo Woo, Russell Wiggins, Shizue Mito

Research Colloquium

Background: The pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease (PD) can be attributed to a gradually progressive dopaminergic neuron (DN) degeneration and aggregation of abnormal α-synuclein in the basal ganglia. While the classic paradigm of PD focuses on the role of neurotransmitter imbalance and motor impairments, there has been increasing scientific interest in the link between the intricate connection between gut dysbiosis with synucleinopathies and PD. This review explores the relevance of the Braak hypothesis, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in neuronal viability, and gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction through the lens of in vitro modeling.

Methods: A collection of prospective literature was conducted …

Teacher Perceptions Of The Mental Health And Socio-Emotional Challenges Of English Language Learners, Nilufer Guler, Dincer Guler, Kyle Bush

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

A fast-growing percentage of students in K–12 classrooms are English language learner (ELL) students, and a large number of these students are experiencing a vast array of academic and non-academic challenges at school. Many ELL challenges involve inadequate socio-emotional learning (SEL) skill development, as well as mental health obstacles, and many schools are not equipped with the resources needed to address and resolve these challenges for ELLs.

In this study, we focus on teacher observations of the SEL and mental health challenges that K–12 students face. In the initial survey, 120 teachers participated regarding ELLs and these challenges. Following the …

Semax For Parkinson’S Neuroprotection: A Qualitative Review Of Preclinical Evidence, Jefferson Tait, Mohammad Yaman Karkoutly, David Rakay, Edurado Aquino

Research Colloquium

Background: The use of peptides as an alternative treatment for neurological disease is an emerging practice that has had tremendous success. Semax, a synthetic heptapeptide derived from adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH 4–10), is well known and used clinically in Russia and Eastern Europe for ischemic stroke therapy. Moreover, Semax has also been reported to modulate monoaminergic systems. Because Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves the loss of dopaminergic neurons, Semax’s neuromodulatory properties make it a potential candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's. Here, we hope to evaluate whether Semax could be an alternative therapy for PD by reviewing evidence on its effects on …

Wernicke’S Encephalopathy With Classic Triad And Normal Mri In A Young Woman Following Rapid-Sequence Bariatric And Biliary Surgery, Hugo Zamarron, Nina Mourao, Roberto A. Cruz Saldana

Research Colloquium

Background: Wernicke’s encephalopathy is a life-threatening neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, most commonly associated with alcoholism. However, postoperative nutritional deficiencies in young patients undergoing bariatric procedures are increasingly recognized. This case is unique due to the rapid succession of bariatric and cholecystectomy surgeries, development of classic Wernicke’s symptoms with a normal MRI, and diagnostic delay due to overlapping differential diagnoses including intracranial hypotension and myelopathy.

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old woman with class III obesity underwent sleeve gastrectomy in July 2022, followed by significant weight loss and persistent intractable vomiting. Due to suspected gallbladder disease, she underwent a cholecystectomy in …

Corticobasal Syndrome With Mixed Pathology In The Absence Of Grn Mutation: A Clinico-Pathological Case Of Ftld-Tdp With Coexisting Alzheimer’S And Lewy Body Pathology, Hugo Zamarron, David Irwin, Jeffery Phillips, Edward Lee, Matthew Tisdall, Corey Mcmillan

Research Colloquium

Background: Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by often asymmetric fronto-pariteal and extra-pyramidal features that is traditionally associated with tauopathy, but pathological findings are heterogenous, including other forms of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and mixed pathologies of aging. We present clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of asymmetry in a unique patient with CBS and underlying FTLD with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP), co-occurring with other age-related pathologies.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old man presented with progressive cognitive and motor dysfunction including asymmetric parkinsonism, left-sided dystonia and rigidity, apraxia, visuospatial impairment, and a subtle social disorder including apathy and social withdrawal. The …

Bilateral Small Vessel Strokes In A Young Male With Coccidioidal Meningitis And Suspected Cns Vasculitis, Hugo Zamarron, Ahsan Ali

Research Colloquium

Background: Cerebral small vessel strokes in young, otherwise healthy adults without traditional vascular risk factors are rare and warrant further investigation. Central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis is an uncommon etiology that may be triggered by infections, including fungal pathogens. This case is notable for a suspected primary CNS vasculitis manifesting as bilateral deep infarcts in the setting of Coccidioidal meningitis. It highlights the importance of considering fungal infections and vasculitis in the differential diagnosis of stroke in younger patients.

Case Presentation: A 32-year-old previously healthy male presented with fever, headache, and was diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. He was later readmitted …

Aspiration Pneumonitis Mimicking Pneumonia: Diagnostic Reassessment And Antibiotic Stewardship In A Case Of Cerebral Palsy-Associated Dysphagia, Hernan Guanajuato, Jose Campo Maldonado

Research Colloquium

Background: Aspiration pneumonitis, an acute chemical lung injury following the inhalation of gastric contents, is frequently misdiagnosed as bacterial pneumonia. Misclassification often leads to unnecessary antibiotic use. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are critical to avoid overtreatment and associated risks.

Case Presentation: A 21-year-old male with a history of cerebral palsy with quadriplegia, epilepsy, oropharyngeal dysphagia (status post PEG tube), and bedbound status presented to the ED following a witnessed aspiration event. During oral pleasure feeding, he choked, became transiently cyanotic, and had a brief coughing episode after vomiting. Family also reported a one-week history of intermittent cough, subjective …

Comparative Evaluation Of Indirect Sinus Lift Using Cmc Technique Versus Direct Sinus Lift Via Lateral Window Technique In Subantral Type Iv, Dhurgham Hasan Hassan Alkaabi, Sabah Abdulrsul Hamoodi Alheeti, Faaiz Yaqub Al-Hamadani

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Maxillary sinus augmentation is a common implant placement procedure when residual bone height (RBH) in the posterior maxilla is limited, especially in subantral type IV cases. A less invasive alternative to the traditional lateral window procedure is the crestal approach using the CMC (Crestal approach with membrane Control) technology. Objective: To evaluate the differences between the CMC technique and the conventional lateral window approach in terms of clinical performance, bone density results, surgical time, and complication rates for sinus lifting in subantral type IV cases. Methods: Twenty patients with posterior maxillary edentulism and RBH < 5 mm were divided into two groups at random: Group A (n = 10) received direct sinus lift using the lateral window approach, and Group B (n = 10) received indirect sinus lift using the CMC technique. Four sites (crestal, apical, buccal, and palatal) in Hounsfield Units (HU) were evaluated for bone density using CBCT scans both before and four months after surgery. A “visual analog scale” was used to quantify patient discomfort, postoperative problems, and surgery time. Results: Both methods proved highly …

Total Synthesis Of The Marine Cytotoxic Mansouramycin And Derivatives, Aditya Dantu, Gabriella L. Madrigal, Neel Gondi, David Osazee, Ahmad Amro, Whard Alsabbagh, Shizue Mito

Research Colloquium

Purpose: Isoquinolinequinones are a group of organic compounds which are composed of an isoquinoline fused to a quinone ring. This class of molecules is known to exhibit a wide variety of biological activities, including cytotoxic and antitumor properties. Among the many families of isoquinolinequinones are the Caulibugulones and Mansouramycins, which exhibit anticancer properties and are thus desirable subjects for cancer-related research. They are obtained by isolation from marine bryozoan Caulibugula intermis and marine Streptomyces sp respectively, however these compounds are difficult to extract. Thus, organic synthesis is being explored as a method of obtaining them; this project focuses on the …

Characterization And Purification Of Muc13 Monoclonal Antibodies: Techniques And Applications, Shabnam Malik, Daniel Zubieta, Mohammed Sikander, Sheema Khan, Murali Yallapu, Meena Jaggi, Subhash Chauhan

Research Colloquium

Background: MUC13 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is critically involved in the progression of various cancers, including liver, pancreatic, colon, and ovarian cancers. Despite the recognition of its presence and significance in these malignancies, the development of specific antibodies targeting MUC13 remains limited. This study aims to produce a monoclonal antibody against MUC13 and evaluate its effectiveness in assessing differential expression related to cancer progression.

Methodology: We utilized hybridoma technology to generate specific monoclonal antibodies targeting MUC13. Mouse splenocytes were immunized with recombinant MUC13 protein and subsequently fused with myeloma cells to create hybridomas. Positive clones were selected through ELISA …

Investigating Cucurbitacin D'S Efficacy In Ameliorating Benzo[A]Pyrene-Induced Hepatic Injury, Mohammed Sikander, Shabnam Malik, Daniel Zubieta, Anyssa Rodriguez, Fathi T. Halaweish, Murali Yallapu, Meena Jaggi, Subhash Chauhan

Research Colloquium

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasingly linked to various co-morbidity factors, notably smoking, which introduces benzo[a]pyrene—a potent carcinogen known for its role in liver damage. Cucurbitacin, a triterpene with diverse biological activities, exhibits antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, yet its hepatoprotective effects remain inadequately explored. In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective activity of cucurbitacin D, a novel analog, against benzo[a]pyrene-induced liver injury in human HepG2 cells. To evaluate its protective effects, we conducted proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, invasion assays, alongside Western blotting and qPCR analyses. The DCFDA assay was employed to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in liver cells. …

Disruption Of Β-Catenin Signaling As A Strategy To Suppress Emt In Cervical Cancer, Mohammed Sikander, Shabnam Malik, Sonam Kumari, John Apraku, Theresa M. Biju, Fathi T. Halaweish, Murali Yallapu, Meena Jaggi, Subhash Chauhan

Research Colloquium

Cervical cancer (CxC) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide. Current chemotherapeutic agents for CxC have shown systemic toxicity in CxC patients. Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a non-toxic and non-steroidal drug with well-defined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in humans. In this study, we introduce a new analogue of ormeloxifene, Bromo-ormeloxifene (Br-ORM), which demonstrates enhanced therapeutic efficacy against CxC in both in vitro and in vivo models. We investigated Br-ORM's effects on CxC cell growth through colony formation and MTS assays, alongside molecular docking studies with βcatenin using AutoDock4. Furthermore, we analyzed the influence of Br-ORM on the …

An Unusual Case Of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Due To Weissella Cibaria In A Patient With Decompensated Cirrhosis, Janetly Reinoso, Felipe Diaz Jr, Jose E. Campo Maldonado

Research Colloquium

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a serious infection commonly encountered in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites, usually involving gram-negative organisms. Weissella cibaria is a gram-positive, catalase-negative, facultative anaerobe not typically associated with intra-abdominal infections. This case report highlights an unusual instance of SBP caused by W. cibaria in a cirrhotic patient, emphasizing the clinical importance of identifying atypical organisms and discussing implications for antimicrobial stewardship in vulnerable populations.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old woman with decompensated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis status post-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement and recurrent ascites requiring weekly paracentesis presented with altered mental status following …

From Imaging To Impact: A Multi-Disciplinary T32 Program Framework And Initial Insights For Training In Image-Guided Cancer Therapy, Kari J. Brewer Savannah, Stephen Y. Lai, Clifton D. Fuller, Kristy K. Brock

Advances in Cancer Education and Quality Improvement

As multi-disciplinary image-guided assessment and therapies become increasingly important for precision oncology, the need for comprehensive training opportunities that effectively prepare the next generation of clinician-scientists and scientists is evident. We present an innovative, evidence-based research training framework that integrates the following critical features: 1) intentional and personalized mentoring and career development, 2) immersive research in image-guided cancer therapy, 3) strategic mentored clinical exposure, 4) structured didactic learning and professional development opportunities, and 5) mentored grant writing. Designed to foster scientific rigor, translational thinking, and multi-disciplinary collaboration, the Image-Guided Cancer Therapy T32 Training Program (IGCT-T32) aims to prepare postdoctoral fellows …

Antiplatelet Effects Of Angelica Dahurica Root Extract Without Gastric Lesion Formation In Rats, Pitiphat Srisom, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk, Uthai Sotanaphun, Rataya Luechapudiporn

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Platelet aggregation plays a crucial role in hemostasis; however, excessive platelet activation can lead to thrombus formation, contributing to cardiovascular diseases. While aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) is commonly used as an antiplatelet agent, its longterm use is associated with gastrointestinal side effects. Angelica dahurica (AD), a traditional herbal remedy, has shown in vitro antiplatelet activity and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition. However, its in vivo effects on platelet aggregation and gastric safety remain unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether Angelica dahurica root extract (ADE) could inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent aspirin-induced gastric lesions.

Materials and Methods: AD was extracted …

Bone-Sparing Effects Of Pueraria Mirifica Extract On Bone Loss In Androgen-Deficient Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca Fascicularis), Thaweechai Saetae, Taratorn Kemthong, Sukanya Jaroenporn, Suchinda Malaivijitnond

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Synthetic estrogens provide remarkable benefits for bone health in men; however, they also present several drawbacks after long-term use. Pueraria mirifica, a phytoestrogen-rich herb, has garnered attention due to its positive effects and minimal adverse side effects on bone in females. Most research on bone health has been conducted on rodents; however, bone architecture and remodeling in rodents differ from those in humans, making it challenging to apply the results to clinical trials.
Objectives: Thus, this study assessed the bonesparing effects of P. mirifica extract (PME) in androgen-deficient male cynomolgus macaques.

Materials and Methods: Adult male macaques were divided …

Quality By Design Approach To Method Development And Validation For Quantitative Estimation Of Dapagliflozin And Linagliptin In Pharmaceutical Tablet Dosage Forms, Prechha Shrestha, Ashwinee Kumar Shrestha, Rajan Shrestha, Barsha Thapa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: The present study utilizes a quality by design approach to develop a simple, robust, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method for quantifying dapagliflozin (DAPA) and linagliptin (LINA) in a fixed-dose combination and validate it according to the ICH-Q2 (R1) guidelines.

Materials and Methods: The effect of critical method parameters (CMPs), namely percentage of acetonitrile (ACN), pH of the buffer, and flow rate, on critical quality attributes (CQAs) such as retention time, area, tailing factor, and theoretical plates was studied using Box–Behnken design (BBD). Response optimizer was utilized to optimize the experimental conditions. The mobile phase (MP) consisted of ACN …

Cytotoxic And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Extracts Of Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao Remedy And Its Plant Components, Theeraphong Ninlaor, Arunporn Itharat, Srisopa Ruangnoo, Pakakrong Thongdeeying, Sunita Makchuchit, Pranporn Kuropakornpong, Settakul Boonyasakseree, Chadchom Choockong, Ninnart Intharit, Neal M. Davies

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao (PSKP) is a traditional Thai remedy recognized in the National List of Essential Herbal Medicines of Thailand. It is traditionally used for treating flatulence and colic pain. It consists of eight components derived from plants with Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves as a main ingredient. However, there are no reports regarding the biological activities and chemical composition of PSKP.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate cytotoxic activities, using cell lines related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system, and anti-inflammatory activities, along with chemical composition, of the PSKP complete formula (PSKPC) and a modified incomplete formula (PSKPIC).

Materials and Methods: Two extraction …

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring For Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Prayuth Poowaruttanawiwit, Kwanchai Rattanamanee, Nonnachanok Chaiyot, Saranpreeya Srisinroongruang

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) require intensive glucose monitoring to achieve optimal glycemic control and prevent complications. While self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has long been the standard approach, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) offers real-time data and trend analysis that may enhance clinical decision-making.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether CGM provides superior glycemic outcomes compared with SMBG in individuals with T1DM.

Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Four randomized controlled trials involving T1DM patients using either CGM or SMBG were included. …

Comparative Study For Channel Pairing In Noma Ofdm- Cdma System, Hazem H. El-Banna, Nelly M. Shafik

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Orthogonal Multiple Access such as OFDM technique became inadequate scheme since it provides limited spectral efficiency and limited number of users. In addition to Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique is applied in 5th generation of mobile communications that enhances both spectral efficiency and capacity with high Quality of Service (QoS). In this paper, three techniques were combined NOMA, OFDM, and CDMA in order to have optimal system performance in the presence of worst fading channel situations; fast frequency selective Rayleigh multi-path fading channel. The main contribution of this paper is the novel channel pairing technique introduced …

An Estimation Study Of The Co2 Emissions In Saudi Arabia Using Machine Learning, Mohammed A. Albalawi, M.M. El-Halwany, Mahmoud H. Mahmoud, Mohamed Gar Alalm

Mansoura Engineering Journal

As part of the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) pledged to implement policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The 2030 Vision, which KSA unveiled with the goal of building a more sustainable and diverse economy, led to a number of projects, such as the national renewable energy program, the Saudi green initiative, and the circular carbon economy. Additionally, KSA just revealed a bold plan to achieve net-zero status by 2060. The Kingdom pledged to cut its carbon emissions by 278 million tons of CO2eq (equivalent) yearly by 2030 in its revised nationally determined contribution …

Isocratic Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Approach To Quantify Flutamide In Pharmaceuticals, Siddaraju Chikkalingaiah, Prathima Chikkegowda, Rajendraprasad Nagaraju

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: A non-steroidal antiandrogen, flutamide (FA), has been used often to treat advanced prostate cancer. It blocks testosterone’s tendency to bind to androgen receptors inside cells in some of the target organs, such as hair follicles, the prostate gland, skin, and testicles.

Objective: The main focus of the work is to produce an economical and reliable reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography technique for the quantitative study of FA in bulk materials and pharmaceuticals.

Materials and Methods: The elution of FA was done by running a mobile phase prepared by mixing 10 mM ammonium formate-formic acid buffer (pH-4) with methanol in the …

Screening And Evaluation Of Thai Herbal Plants As Multifunctional Agents For Targeting Amyloid Β Pathogenesis In Alzheimer's Disease, Ruedeemars Yubolphan, Suchinda Malaivijitnond, Sukanya Jaroenporn

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder driven by complex pathophysiological processes. Current therapeutic strategies emphasize the development of multifunctional agents, particularly those derived from natural sources, to target multiple stages of the amyloid β (Aβ) cascade, a central contributor to AD pathology.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anti-Aβ activity of nine Thai herbs and evaluate their potential as multifunctional agents for AD treatment.

Methods: Nine Thai herbs—Caesalpinia sappan (CS), Thunbergia laurifolia (TL), Rhinacanthus nasutus (RN), Tabernaemontana divaricata (TD), Cyperus rotundus (CR), Terminalia chebula (TC), Azadirachta indica (AI), Piper retrofractum (PR), and Asparagus racemosus (AR)—were screened …

From P-Values To Practical Relevance: An Introduction To Effect Sizes Through A Legal Psychological Example, Paul Riesthuis, Henry Otgaar, Tery Setiawan, Nathanael Sumampouw, Charlotte Bücken

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Null-hypothesis significance testing and p-values are frequently criticized for their focus on detecting non-zero differences and their inability to provide evidence for the null hypothesis. In this article, we highlight how effect sizes, when meaningfully interpreted, can address these issues. Specifically, we argue that researchers should consider the smallest effect size of interest (SESOI) - the smallest effect size that yields practical or theoretical relevance. We propose several methods for estimating the SESOI and present a consensus study among Indonesian professionals which can be used to estimate the SESOI for child eyewitness testimony research. Results suggest that most Indonesian professionals …

Novel Convolution Neural Network For Enhanced Network Attack Pattern Recognition, Salahaldeen Duraibi

University of Bisha Journal for Basic and Applied Sciences

Intrusion detection plays a critical role in safeguarding computer networks from malicious activities and unauthorized access. Traditional machine learning (ML) models have been widely employed for intrusion detection, but their effectiveness can be limited due to the complex and evolving nature of network attacks. An efficient Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that utilizes one-dimensional convolutions, batch normalization, and max pooling layers is designed to capture the attack patterns in network traffic data. By leveraging the inherent feature extraction capabilities of CNNs, the proposed architecture demonstrates improved performance in identifying network intrusions compared to traditional ML models. The effectiveness of the novel …

Adaptive Ensemble Approaches For Face Mask Detection Using Transfer Learning Model, Faisal Alshanketi

University of Bisha Journal for Basic and Applied Sciences

Amidst the Covid-19 pandemic, wearing a mask has become mandatory and remains crucial in the ongoing pandemic. In certain situations and conditions, masks may be required periodically. However, manually monitoring large crowds of people to ensure they are wearing masks in public places or events can be an arduous task that is both time-consuming and difficult to manage. One way to address the challenge of manually monitoring mask-wearing in public places is to adopt machine learning (ML) methods and ICT-based surveillance mechanisms, thereby reducing the need for large numbers of personnel. While previous studies have proposed various machine learning models …

Radio Frequency (Rf) Based Smart Communication System For Autonomous Vehicles (Av) Covering Both Vehicle-To-Vehicle (V2v) And Vehicle-To-Traffic Light (V2tl), Rayan Hamza Alsisi, H. A. Wajid, M. O. Alrafaee, O. A. Alhaboob, A. Yousef

University of Bisha Journal for Basic and Applied Sciences

A vehicle that reaches a destination by self-navigation famously known as an autonomous or self-driving vehicle. In this work, we present an improved or smart communication system for autonomous vehicles that will enable them to reach distention by communicating a) with other vehicles (known as vehicle-to-vehicle V2V) and b) with the infrastructure of transportation system specifically traffic lights (known as vehicle to traffic lights V2TL). The proposed communication system is designed using several sensors, transmitters, and receivers to monitor the surroundings for efficient communication either V2V or V2TL. Finally, we show with experimented data that the proposed communication system offers …

Rutabaga Cultivation In The Lake Superior Region, Russell Magnaghi

Upper Country: A Journal of the Lake Superior Region

The vast expanse of the Lake Superior Basin has been home to a multitude of industries from copper and iron mining, timber extraction, steel mills, grain transfer ports, and ship construction. However, given its northern location, agriculture is usually ignored due to a short growing season and poor soils. Immigrants who settled there like Finns and Scandinavians were familiar with this environment but even Italians found that they could develop their cherished home gardens and small farms. Most immigrants had migrated from farming environments and now accepted the challenge to farm in this new environment.

Of the many crops that …