Digital Commons Network^™

The Architecture Of U.S. Fascism: Part Ii, Nina Farnia

City University of New York Law Review

In Part I of this series, I argued that the United States has always already been proto-fascist, but that today it is undergoing a transition into formal, de jure fascism. This transition is the result of a change in the class nature of the state itself.

In Part II, I focus on the legal architecture of fascism. I expose rule-of-law liberalism as having paved U.S. fascism’s path. I note the pernicious role of the law in class wars, race wars, gender wars, and global wars, with particular attention on the making of a total state. I then challenge the notion …

Popliteus Interposition In Metaphyseal Tibial Fractures: The Radiographic Clues That Cannot Be Missed, Lucca Gontijo Giarola, Paulo De Tarso Cardoso Gomes, Robinson Esteves Dos Santos Pires, Guilherme Moreira Abreu E Silva, Marco Antônio Percope De Andrade, Túlio Vinícius De Oliveira Campos

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

High-energy proximal tibia fractures present significant challenges for orthopaedic surgeons, with well-recognized risks including malreduction and nonunion. Although double plating through two mini-open parallel incisions is an established technique for selected patients, nonuion can still occur. One potential contributing factor is entrapment of the popliteus muscle within the distal spike of the posteromedial plateau fragment. This report uses illustrative cases to demonstrate how to identify, address, and prevent this complication. Strategies for managing delayed cases that progress to nonunion are also discussed

Biochemical Investigations Of F420-Dependent Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase From Cryptosporangium Arvum, Sarah T. Al-Noubani

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

F₄₂₀-dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (FGD) catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconolactone using the deazaflavin, Cofactor F₄₂₀. FGD from Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been investigated due to its health relevance to prodrug activation. More recently, FGD from Cryptosporangium arvum (Cryar- FGD) has been investigated due to its broader substrate specificity toward multiple sugar phosphates. Kinetic and NMR studies have shown that Cryar-FGD has dual catalytic activity as a dehydrogenase and isomerase. Further investigations are being conducted on Cryar-FGD to characterize key residues involved in catalysis.

To investigate the catalytically active residues of Cryar-FGD, …

Bursty Bulk Flows: The What, The Why, And Their Impacts On The Earth, Fariza Tanvir

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

Due to solar wind-magnetosphere interactions, the Earth's magnetic field lines stretch into a long, comet-shaped magnetotail, which extends thousands of miles away from the Earth. Bursty Bulk Flows (BBFs) are transient, high-speed ion bulk flows in the magnetotail that play an essential role in energy and mass transport. Characterized by their short-lived duration, they are related to magnetic reconnection events. This investigation focuses on being able to identify BBFs using the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) probes, a mission consisting of four probes arranged in a tetrahedron to study the Earth’s magnetosphere. We examine parameters such as energy spectra, spin bulk velocity, …

Socioeconomic Influences On Doula Access And Perceived Care Quality Among Black Women Experiencing Severe Maternal Morbidity, Deborah Esene

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

Black women experience disproportionately high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality, making it essential to examine access to and the perceived impact of doula support. This study examines whether socioeconomic status influences access to and the perceived benefits of doula support among Black women who experienced severe maternal morbidity (SMM). Researchers surveyed Black women ages 18-49 who had a live birth within the past two years and experienced SMM. Participants were recruited and completed an online survey in late 2020. Key variables included income, education, doula use, and perceived quality of prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum care. Among 188 participants, 12.2% …

The Machine And The Masses: A Sociolinguistic Study Of Ai Political Rhetoric, Yaseen Tasnif

2026 Spring Honors Capstones Projects

With increased use of and access to generative Artificial Intelligence, or AI, political communications have begun to see its influence, leading to the question of how this AI generated political rhetoric is received. In previous research, AI output has been extensively researched and indexed, highlighting specific qualities such as overly polished speech as indicators of use. Research has also been done on perception and detectability of AI, showing that people can accurately identify AI-generated text, but tend to be overconfident. However, such research has not been done in the context of political rhetoric, which is consumed in different ways than …

Experiential Learning: Making It Matter In Early Childhood Preparation, Laura Mccorkle, Sheena Jennings, Dana Childress

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In recent years, the Division for Early Childhood (DEC) of the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) has put forth recommendations for the field through the development of the Position Statement on Ethical Practice and Personnel Standards in Early Childhood Special Education. Additionally, principles outlined in the Early Childhood Education/Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education (ECE/EI/ECSE) Crosswalk and the DEC promote supervised, community-based learning across varied environments and the birth-to-age-8 continuum. This article, which includes four figures, provides support to faculty in developing experiential learning opportunities (ELOs) within their programs of study for EI, ECE, and/or ECSE preservice professionals.

Color-Blind Resilience: How Uniform Climate Standards Reproduce Environmental Inequality In The Rockaways, Aaryan M. Nair

Publications and Research

This paper examines how ostensibly uniform climate resilience standards can reproduce environmental inequality in socially uneven landscapes, using the Rockaway Peninsula in New York City as a critical case study. While flood-resistant building codes, zoning regulations, and insurance frameworks are designed to provide equal protection across flood-prone areas, this analysis argues that their “color-blind” application obscures and intensifies underlying disparities in financial capacity, housing conditions, and tenure. Drawing on environmental justice (EJ) theory, the paper identifies two key mechanisms through which inequality is reproduced. First, “code without capacity” demonstrates how uniform technical standards—such as elevation requirements under NYC Building Code …

Resilience For Whom? A Study In Pathways And Production Of Unequal Risk In The Rockaways, Aaryan M. Nair

Publications and Research

This paper investigates how climate adaptation policies in the Rockaway Peninsula of New York City produce unequal outcomes despite their ostensibly neutral design, framing resilience as an environmental and climate justice problem. Situated within a landscape marked by stark socioeconomic disparities, aging housing stock, and high exposure to coastal flooding, the study demonstrates that existing adaptation strategies—centered on uniform technical standards, insurance frameworks, and large-scale coastal infrastructure—systematically advantage actors with greater financial and institutional capacity while leaving low-income residents, particularly renters, disproportionately vulnerable.

The analysis identifies three core dynamics underlying this “unequal-by-design” resilience regime: (1) the stratified feasibility of compliance …

Development And Evaluation Of A Modular 3-D Printed Adapter For Hands-Free Tissue Retraction, Fady E. Attia, Vijay A. Chhabra, Vaibhav Tadepalli,, Joseph Attia, Michael M. Hadeed

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Fracture fixation procedures typically require precise retraction of soft tissues in order to provide adequate exposure of bone fragments for reduction and fixation. Such procedures require the use of multiple surgical assistants to maintain proper tissue retraction. This manual retraction using traditional instruments, such as Hohmann and Weitlaner retractors, can lead to inefficiencies and poor labor allocation within the operating room (OR). The purpose therefore is to develop and evaluate a three dimensional (3D)-printed Nylon PA12 adapter designed to dock Hohmann retractors onto Weitlaner retractors, enabling hands-free retraction during fracture fixation procedures and potentially improving labor allocation in the OR. …

Association Of Perioperative Steroid Use With Recovery Rate And Postoperative Infection Risk In Spinal Cord Injury, Nathan Zou, Athikur Rahman, Brian Lynch

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare recovery and infection outcomes between teenagers and adults who undergo surgery for traumatic spine injuries and the effect of steroid administration. Steroids are often used in traumatic spine injuries to help recovery, however there is a concern that steroid use could increase the risk of infection due to the suppression of the immune system. We examined the impact of postoperative steroid use on recovery rates and infection rates in both age groups.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX Research Network, which includes data from over 100 healthcare …

Benign Painful Soft Tissue Tumors Of The Digits: A Contemporary Review, Nethmi Withanage, Athikur Rahman, Lawrence Hurst, Samantha Muhlrad

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Purpose: Benign painful tumors of the digit are commonly encountered in hand surgery yet frequently pose diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical presentations. This review synthesizes current evidence on eight benign soft tissue tumors and cystic lesions that commonly cause digital pain: glomus tumor, giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS), digital mucous cyst, digital ganglion cyst, epidermoid inclusion cyst, pyogenic granuloma, nerve sheath tumors, and angioleiomyoma.

Methods: A comprehensive review of PubMed/MEDLINE was performed, supplemented by hand surgery textbooks and online educational resources. Case series, retrospective cohort studies, and review articles were included.

Results: Each tumor exhibits a …

The Business Case For Sustainable Road Infrastructure Development, David Holguin Mejia, Deepak Benny, Dong Yoon Song, Konstantina Gkritza, Kumares Sinha, Samuel Labi

JTRP Technical Reports

This study developed a business-case framework for embedding sustainability into the Indiana Department of Transportation’s (INDOT) practices. The study first identified the role of sustainability in road infrastructure development, and then discussed strategic plans, sustainability programs, and institutional challenges that shape how sustainability actions are conceived and executed. The study reviewed existing sustainability rating systems, established exposure metrics, and subsequently developed a business-case framework called the Road Infrastructure Sustainability Evaluation (RISE) to guide INDOT in embedding sustainability across the full infrastructure lifecycle, from planning through end-of-life. RISE follows a multicriteria analysis approach, incorporating indicator selection, criteria evaluation, weighting, normalization, and …

Holding The Line On Academic Freedom In Law School Clinics, Ty Alper, Praveen Kosuri, Beth Lyon, Alicia E. Plerhoples, Laura Riley, Robin Walker Sterling

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Since the emergence of modern clinical legal education, law school clinics have periodically faced political interference in their selection of clients and cases, interference that threatens clinics’ essential dual missions of training practice-ready lawyers and providing legal services to marginalized clients who would otherwise lack representation. While such pressure is not new, contemporary threats differ in scale and institutional form. Today, funding, oversight, and enforcement mechanisms are weaponized in an attempt to discipline universities, heightening institutional anxiety and prompting some universities to contemplate preemptive constraints on clinic autonomy in the name of risk management and reputational protection. This shift to …

A Trusteeship Theory Of Pro Bono: Versions And Perversions, David Luban

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This chapter develops a trusteeship justification of pro bono, arguing that lawyers, as trustees of a public legal system created through democratic self-authorship, have a moral obligation to help address the persistent justice gap affecting persons of limited means. It evaluates multiple forms of pro bono — including voluntary, mandatory, low bono, and state-compelled service — evaluating how well each aligns with the trusteeship model. The chapter contrasts the trusteeship theory with, and criticizes, two alternative justifications for pro bono: presumed lawyer consent rooted in professional tradition and a quid pro quo based on state-authorized privileges. It concludes by distinguishing …

Large Language Models Improve Readability Of Patient Education Materials On Vascular Conditions, Melissa Chen Xu, Nicola Habash, Justin Do, Jiaying Bi, Dawn Salvatore, Paul J Dimuzio, Michael Nooromid, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Objective: Patient education materials frequently exceed the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown inconsistent accuracy in medical query responses, they have demonstrated promise in simplifying complex text. This capability has not yet been studied in vascular patient education materials. This study evaluates whether ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro can improve the readability of Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) patient education flyers. Methods: SVS health flyers were selected based on five common vascular conditions: abdominal aortic aneurysm, carotid artery disease, deep vein thrombosis, peripheral artery disease, and varicose veins. Each flyer was submitted to ChatGPT-4o and …

Las Pintas Inverview Project 2026, Beth Gulley, Luzma Alvarez, Lacey Andrews, Damien Duncan, Mariah Garman, Brenda Lofton, Alyssa Roland, Hero Sanner, Asja Thompson, Athena Gonzalez, Lee Martin, Samantha Miller, Lucy Sas

The Las Pintas Collection

Acknowledgements

Dear Reader,

This collection is the result of JCCC students’ efforts to reflect on the college’s decades long relationship with Centro Integral Comunitario (CIC) in Las Pintas, Mexico. Before they left on the trip, each student interviewed someone from JCCC who had traveled with the college to Las Pintas in the past. The first section of this book includes what students learned from their pre-departure interviews.

In the second part of this book, students wrote about what they learned from interviewing people who they met in Las Pintas. While these interviews were conducted in Spanish, the students wrote their …

From Reactionary To Anticipatory Integrated Action: Novel Environmental Health Surveillance For Mass Gatherings, Benjamin J. Ryan, Michael Donahoo, Danielle Esler, Paul Barach, Benjamin Coghlan, Shelby Garner, Laura M. Langan, John Piispanen, Bryan W. Brooks

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Advances in AI-driven analytics, human-in-the loop techniques, and wastewater monitoring provide the foundation needed to shift from reactive to anticipatory actions for mass gatherings. Traditional surveillance systems focus on clinical and laboratory-based notification pathways, which often result in tardy actions being implemented. Thus, traditional surveillance is becoming outdated. Mass gatherings pose heightened public health risks and hazards, including trauma; injury and substance misuse; deliberate poisoning; and infectious diseases such as food and waterborne illnesses, sexually transmitted infections, and respiratory diseases. There is also a heightened concern due to reduced vaccination coverage. As a result, future international events such as the …

Grip Assist, Vincent Lin, Amanda Toledo

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Team: Vincent Lin, Amanda M. Toledo, Nathan R. Couture, Nicole Urban.

Abstract Nearly 390,000 people in the US suffer from limited to no mobility in the upper limb due to spinal cord injuries (SCIs) each year. Low cervical spinal cord injuries, from C5 to C8, can vastly affect grip strength. Individuals aged 16-30 are at higher risk due to the activity-related factors. Grip Assist is a wearable assistive technology developed to primarily support individuals who experience limited finger mobility or reduced grip strength. Grip Assist consists of a Myoware muscle sensor attached with EMGs. The sensors are enclosed within a …

Injury And Violence In Rhode Island, Ruth Mckinnon

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

The purpose of this project is to quantify Rhode Island's burden of injury and violence (2020‚Äì2023), describe key trends and demographic differences, and demographic differences, and inform targeted prevention. This statewide analysis used injury-related fatality, hospital discharge, and emergency department (ED) visit data from all Rhode Island hospitals (2020‚Äì2023). Events were classified by mechanism/intent via ICD-10/ICD-10-CM external-cause codes. Mortality, hospitalization, and ED visit rates per 100,000 were calculated using population estimates; counts were summarized. Rates were stratified by sex and age. Mechanisms included falls, traumatic brain injury (TBI), self-harm/suicide, motor-vehicle crashes (MVA), assault/homicide, and other causes (fire, firearm, drowning, non‚ …

Gun Violence Exposure And Gambling In Young Adults, Jadyn Torres

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Objectives: Problem gambling is a growing public health concern associated with emotional, financial, relational, and health harms. At the same time, exposure to violence among young people is increasing. Limited research has examined the relationship between witnessing gun violence and problem gambling, particularly among young adults. This study examines this association among young adults in Rhode Island. Methods: Data came from the 2024 Rhode Island Young Adult Survey (N=1,008) of individuals aged 18‚Äì25 years. Witnessing gun violence and problem gambling were assessed, with problem gambling measured using the Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen (BBGS). Multivariable logistic regression assessed main effects after …

Masculinity And Health In Lgbtq Young Adults, Hannah Pereira, Ruth Mckinnon

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

INTRO:‚ Restrictive masculinity norms, characterized by emotional suppression, dominance, and risk-taking, have been linked to adverse health among cisgender heterosexual men. Little is known about how RMNs operate among sexual and gender minority populations, particularly transgender young adults. METHODS: Data were from the 2024 Rhode Island Young Adult Survey, a cross-sectional, web-based survey of adults aged 18-25 years. Analyses were restricted to SGM participants, with sub-analyses among transgender young adults. RMNs were measured using a 12-item questionnaire. Outcomes include alcohol use disorder, cannabis use disorder, heroin use, intimate partner violence, problematic pornography use, and problem gambling. Modified Poisson regressions with …

Deworming For Gi Parasites In Sheep And Goats, Lulani Haslinger

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

This project examined gastrointestinal parasite control in both sheep and goats, focusing on the prevalence and management of barber pole worms. Goats and sheep carry varied parasite loads, with goats being more susceptible due to their grazing habits and lower tolerance. High parasite loads can lead to anemia, reduced growth, lethargy, coma, and sudden death within the herd. These risks highlight the importance of proper deworming methods for both sheep and goats. Strategies researched included pasture management, salvage deworming using the FAMACHA scoring, tactical deworming based off fecal egg counts, and strategic seasonal treatments. Challenges such as drug resistant parasites …

Adverse Childhood Experiences (Aces) In Immigrants, Maria Fana Mejia Bsc

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are severe or chronic stressors before age 18, including domestic violence, neglect, abuse, financial hardship, and parental separation (Loria & Caughy, 2018).

Research on ACEs in immigrants is limited, despite Latinx immigrant children being the fastest-growing child population in the U.S.

Autism In Higher Education: A Systematic Review, Katherine Webber

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

As students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are increasingly represented in higher education, these students need to have their needs met, and many institutions lack the resources to do so. This systematic review synthesizes research on the experiences of students with autism in college, focusing on barriers, support services, and institutional interventions. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed studies published between 2012 and 2025 identified 17 relevant articles. Findings reveal that students often experience difficulties with social integration, executive functioning, sensory sensitivities, and mental health, all of which can affect academic performance and retention. Evidence suggests that individualized supports, mentoring, structured …

Feeding Futures: Jwu Vs. Student Food Insecurity, Ava Zajczenko

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

For my project, I am exploring the question: How does Johnson & Wales University combat food insecurity for its students on campus? I will be writing an action-based thesis paper that includes interviews with people on campus, such as dining staff, professors, and chefs. Along with this, I will use research from one of my classes and my experience volunteering with a nonprofit focused on food insecurity. Together, these sections will help me better understand what JWU is currently doing to address food insecurity as a whole, and what more can be done to close the gap on this issue …

Understanding The Link Between Infant Sensory Profiles And Breastfeeding/ Chest Feeding Co-Occupation, Lindsey Mcneill, Danielle Bomzer, Caitlyn Morin, Maya Shourie Ots

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Breastfeeding/ chest feeding are complex co-occupations that support both infant development and parent infant bonding. There is limited research that has investigated how sensory processing factors may influence infants' experiences. Existing literature has focused on the challenges associated with breastfeeding such as latching complications, feeding aversions, allergies, and caregiver stress (Masztalerz-Kozubek et al., 2022). Other literature has focused on sensory profiles of infants; however, no real connections have been made to breastfeeding/ chest feeding (Freund-Azaria et al., 2023).

This gap indicates insufficient understanding of the influence of early sensory characteristics on feeding behaviors and the outcomes of breastfeeding or chest …

Paraná Fiz, Cloey Dias

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

This project focused on the conceptualization and design of a beverage brand inspired by the Paraná River located in Argentina. The river, the second longest in South America, was used as both a cultural and visual reference, symbolizing movement, energy, and natural vitality. These characteristics guided the overall concept and aesthetic direction of " Paraná Fiz", a yerba mate-infused soda water brand. The product aimed to merge traditional Argentine influences with a modern beverage format through flavors inspired by popular Argentine fruits. The project involved extensive visual branding development, including the creation of a custom logo, four distinct flavor identities, …

Effects Of Academic Workload On Work-Life Balance, Haylee Canadas, Kara Zumbahlen, Sadie Lindgren, Elizabeth Kwak

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Origins and Importance: There is a significant gap in research regarding the toll of the workload assigned to students within specialized fields within the United States. These students have been found to have increased depression, anxiety, and burnout as well as decreased life satisfaction. This extends not only to physician assistants or medical students, but to students within many allied health fields. Positive occupational balance has been found to be associated with positive wellbeing. Dedicating research efforts to explore the work-life balance of health professional students will help students maintain their health and wellbeing as they become equipped to practice …

Facilitating Return To Work And School Post-Stroke, Amber Brown

Student Research Design & Innovation Symposium

Importance: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, and many working-age survivors desire to return to work or school, where participation is closely tied to identity, routine, and well-being. However, structured supports for return to work (RTW) and return to school (RTS) are often limited. Objective: This scoping review aimed to identify strategies and programs that facilitated RTW and RTS among adult stroke survivors. Data Sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four academic databases: Academic Search Complete (EBSCO), Taylor & Francis, PubMed, and SAGE Journals. Study Selection and Data Collection: Peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 …