Digital Commons Network^™

Diverging Women On The Mommy Track To The Career Track, Sunaina Arora, Neeraj Kumari

Journal of International Women's Studies

The review paper discusses the Mommy Track phenomenon and interventions required to bring women back on the career track. It collates the literature to understand the Mommy Track phenomenon from organisations and economic perspectives. The Mommy Track is a path which is taken by high performing women to take a career break in order to rear children. The idea is to switch back to career tracks when childcare duties require less time. Gender parity initiatives have tried to bridge male and female labour gaps to bring back women to career tracks. Changes in government interventions, organisation policies, and individual attitudes …

Are Unpaid Women Willing To Work In The Labour Market? Evidence From India, Krishna M.

Journal of International Women's Studies

India has set an ambitious target of achieving a US$5 trillion economy by 2025. However, a steady increase, perhaps even more rapid in recent years, in women’s participation in unpaid domestic work poses a grave threat to India’s economic development. Significantly, the extent of women’s participation in unpaid domestic work ballooned in India, recording a quantum leap from 200 million in 2004–05 to 287 million in 2017–18. The main aim of this paper is to examine the role of socio-economic factors in explaining the willingness of unpaid women to undertake work in the labour market, using data from unit-level records …

Does Entrepreneur Gender Matter For Entrepreneurial Motivation: Answers From Micro Small And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Of Assam, Ankita Sarmah, Bedabrat Saikia, Dhananjay Tripathi

Journal of International Women's Studies

With regard to SGD-5, this study attempts to examine the association between entrepreneur’s gender and their entrepreneurial motivation and to discover if entrepreneur’s gender influences the motivation. The study further tries to see if entrepreneurial motivation varies on the grounds of entrepreneur’s gender. Based on a qualitative approach, the study uses interview data of 320 MSME entrepreneurs from Assam, India. Two hypotheses—there is no association between entrepreneur’s gender and the entrepreneurial motivation (H01) and there is no significant difference between the mean rank of male and female entrepreneurs with respect to their motivational factors (H02)—are postulated and tested using Chi-Square …

Women And Entrepreneurship In Nigeria: What Role Does Social Inclusion Play?, Ezebuilo R. Ukwueze

Journal of International Women's Studies

Women’s participation in business enterprises has attracted much attention from policy makers, researchers, NGOs, politicians, the government sector, and international agencies. This is because it has been identified that women’s involvement in income generation tends to boost family income, support children’s education, improve health of family members, provide food, build assets for the family, and contribute to general development of economies. However, women have not been performing these roles due to constraints placed consciously or inadvertently on women by society, limiting them from engaging in income-earning ventures, especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Even those who wish to venture into …

Introduction To The Bilingual Special Issue In English And Spanish: Gender, Social Inclusion, And Entrepreneurship: Women’S Struggles In The Private And Public Sectors Meeting Sustainable Development Goal (Sdg) #5, Amirreza Kazemikhasragh

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

Increasing The Supply Of Organs: What Method Is Most Ethical And Practical For The United States, Rachel Wolf

Academic Festival

Organ donation is a massive problem in the United States and everyday people die due to lack of organs/ organ donors. There must be a way in which there can be an increase in organ donation without causing any negative ethical implications. Although the U.S. should not force people into giving their organs to those who need them, our society should do more to promote organ donation through public policy “nudges”and increased education on the benefits of organ donation. People have a right to make their own choices about their organs, but society has an obligation to inform people and …

Academic Pressure: The Negative Impact On Adolescents Mental Health, Kristen Bruno

Academic Festival

This paper talks about the roots of where academic pressure stems from and the effect it has on the mental health of adolescents.

Physician Assisted Suicide Legalization In The United States, Nicole Cona

Academic Festival

In a growing society of medicine there are countless people with terminal illnesses that cannot be cured. These people can suffer a long time with anything from physical pain or even a declining mental view of life. In some cases, in certain states, patients can choose to peacefully end their life through the process of physician assisted suicide (PAS). From past Supreme Court rulings from Vacco v. Quill and Washington v. Glucksberg which challenge the Equal Protection Clause and Due Process Clause respectively. After both rulings were decided, the Supreme Court left the decision of physician assisted suicide up to …

The Effects Of Culture And Economics On Parenting Style And Childhood Success, Alyssa Janak

Academic Festival

Children today live very different lives from those of children who lived fifty or even one hundred years ago. While that is due to an increase in technology and the changing society that we experience, it may also be a result of parenting styles and parental influence of our world in the present time. Some parents may be more traditional and choose an authoritarian parenting style to raise their children, while others may be more lax and evolve with the standards society sets, choosing more authoritative or permissive parenting styles. Regardless, each of these styles influence childhood development and success …

The Negative Impact Of Advertising On Human Growth & Development, Juliana Levin

Academic Festival

Advertisements affect us in many ways, some that have a lasting impact psychologically beginning at childhood. The industry attempts to manipulate several aspects of a child’s life while their brain is not developed enough for them to think for themselves. This ranges from things like food to more emotional exploitation involving self-esteem and body image. Ads are an aspect of the media that can have a major impact on growth and development all the way from childhood into teen years and beyond. Advertisements can have negative effects on human growth and development, such as harm to self-esteem/body image as well …

Age And Gender Discrimination In The Workplace, Samantha Schmutz

Academic Festival

Age and gender discrimination in the workplace are two forms of prejudice actions that have been in existence and observed in the lives of many for a substantial amount of time. Workplaces of every kind have displayed favoritism and preference towards one gender or another causing a toxic workplace environment for many people in the workforce. Similarly, many workplaces for years have also shown a liking towards a certain age of eligible workers which also creates tension and disparity in a workplace. Laws adopted, like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, have made an effort to stop all forms of …

Health Inequalities And Inequities And The Relation To Amputations And Prosthetic Devices, Morgan Rogers

Academic Festival

Health inequalities and inequities adversely impact minoritized groups. These inequalities and inequities are apparent when examining the healthcare system, specifically amputation rates among minoritized groups. For example, African Americans comprise 13% of the United States population; however, they account for 25% of those who suffer from limb loss in the United States (Bush & Girijala, 2018). More than half of amputations can be avoided with preventative care, but unfortunately, high healthcare costs deter minoritized groups from seeking this care. Due to the lack of health insurance combined with the high costs of prosthetics devices, many individuals within the minoritized population …

The Economic Benefit Of Transitioning Healthcare Systems: A Study Of Private And Single Payer Systems, James Rice

Academic Festival

American healthcare consumers pay the highest cost for healthcare out of any other country in the industrialized world. Consumers pay on average $9255 per capita a year for healthcare and related expenses (Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2014, P. 5). Such high prices are a result of a combination of rapidly increasing billing, bureaucratic expenses, and profit maximization by for-profit healthcare providers and related producers. Consumers see very little positive gain for the increase in price, ranking highest in metrics such as infant mortality rate and obesity related issues (Masters, et al. 2009, P. 2). Consumers are also hampered …

Ptsd And Intimate Partner Violence, Joseph Kiernan

Academic Festival

Each day that passes in which a veteran does not receive the proper care for PTSD increases the chance that they will experience intimate partner violence. The following research will show the connection between PTSD and intimate partner violence as well as the importance of the various treatment options available. The National Health Study for a New Generation of U.S. Veterans examined 60,000 Veterans and found that 13.5% of the participants came back positive when screened for post-traumatic stress disorder or more commonly known as PTSD (Dursa). This is a very significant number of veterans who are affected by mental …

The Long-Term Effects Of Social Media Use In Young Girls, Victoria Scanlon

Academic Festival

This paper talks about the overwhelming effects that social media has on young girls specifically ages 10-19. Social media is very prevalent in modern day society and can make young adolescent girls feel pressure to fit in to certain beauty and style standards. This effects their mental health as the stress of living up to these standards only gets harder with pressure from peers. I explore the importance of mental health and try to better understand the psyche of adolescent girls.

Speech-Language Pathology And Music Therapy: An Underrated Combination For Many With Stuttering Disorders, Stephanie Pixley

Academic Festival

Communication disorders such as stuttering can take a serious toll on one’s mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. Given that we live in such a fast-paced society, the visible impact of communication disorders has become increasingly prevalent. Music therapy can be a way to help. Music therapy techniques have been utilized for the treatment of other communication disorders (such as apraxia, aphasia, and language learning disorders) but have been underutilized for the treatment of fluency disorders. My project argues that a multi-disciplinary approach that combines speech therapy and music therapy will further advance the treatment of stuttering. The effects of music …

The History Of Gender Discrimination In Women’S Distance Running: Long-Term Consequences And Solutions, Courtney Blount

Academic Festival

Women have a long history of gender inequality in long-distance running marked by myths and gender stereotypes. In the mid-20^th century, it was believed that anything over an 800m run was dangerous and defeminizing for a woman to compete in.³ There was a myth that if a woman ran a long-distance race her uterus would fall out and she would grow hair on her back.³ In 1967 Katherine Switzer disproved this myth by completing the Boston marathon.⁴ Trailblazers like Switzer along with the second-wave feminist movement began to shift the culture around gender discrimination in sports. …

The Effect Of Early Sports Specialization On Young Athletes' Physical And Mental Health, Dominic Scola

Academic Festival

Over the past twenty years, participation in youth sports has increased dramatically. In the USA about 60 million children from ages 6 to 18 participate in some form of organized athletics. In general playing sports as a child has many positive benefits including learning respect for teammates and others, increased self-esteem, courage to try new things, as well as others. Due to the high levels of participation, youth athletics have become a more competitive environment than ever before. The increased levels of competition have caused more kids to specialize in one sport at an earlier age than in the past …

How Class Disparities Effect Cognitive Deficits In School Age Children Leading To An Enduring Circle Of Poverty, Catherine Keane

Academic Festival

When you take a step back and look at a low-income community and its members compared to a high-income community and its members its no secret that even in a constitutionally equal country, those of the low-income community undergo significant disadvantages. This is the result of an enduring circle of poverty that is constantly strengthened by a system that favors the upper class. The circle of poverty is a figurative model that provides explanation for how poverty and wealth juxtapose one another in society. Therefore, making it increasingly harder for someone from a low socioeconomic status to break away from …

Why Don’T Many Physicians Believe In Chronic Lyme Disease? The Sociological And Psychological Impact This Places On Patients And The Need For Higher Sensitive Testing, Jocelyn Jernegan

Academic Festival

The prevalence and difficulty in diagnosing patients with Lyme disease has generated great concern as patients are left with chronic conditions that impair their ability to function in daily activities. While there is a clear consensus surrounding acute Lyme disease, the chronic form remains highly controversial, for it is this form that comes with misdiagnoses and failed treatments. As a result, patients experience stigma, financial issues, and psychological symptoms due to the burdensome search for help. Physicians do not view chronic Lyme disease as an existing disease or do not have the education to treat chronic Lyme disease, thus patients …

Professional Athletes Using Their Social Media And Public Image To Effectively Facilitate Social Change, Mia Sansanelli

Academic Festival

Athlete activism has been a long-standing tradition of standing up for injustices taking place within the United States. American sociologist Dr. Harry Edwards documented four waves of athlete activism starting in the 1930s through the 2010s and predicted a fifth one, which we are now watching come to fruition in the present day. This ongoing tradition stems from an unspoken responsibility for athletes of color to step up and speak up on behalf of those who came before them who were silenced, also referred to as The Heritage. This paper highlights Colin Kaepernick as the catalyst for the fourth …

Social Media And Its Effects On Mental Health, Shannon Brown

Academic Festival

In the world today, there is a lot of talk about mental health and different mental illnesses. This paper discusses the use of social media by both influencers and the common person and how the use of these platforms can contribute to the rise of these health issues.

Learning To View Nonpharmacological Care As Equivalent To Medications In The Treatment Of Babies Born With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Sarah Dupuis

Academic Festival

The new changes in hospitals that have come in reaction to an increase in maternal opioid use have positively changed the care of infants going through withdrawal. The positive change is for both the benefit of the infant and the benefit of the hospital. By training health care workers to view nonpharmacological treatment as equivalent to medication in the treatment of the infants born with NAS, these newborns will have a speedier recovery that decreases the length that they stay in the hospital. Therefore, by decreasing the infant’s hospital length of stay, hospital costs also decrease. The medical treatments that …

Impact Of The Virus On Child’S Development, Caroline Wax

Academic Festival

Children’s developmental phases have been construed over the last year by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The early years in children’s development are very important because every action affects their brain and stimulates a reaction for the rest of their lives. The sudden change in children’s daily lives affects their understanding of how a normal day should be. Children are developing anxiety disorders which has led to a spike in childhood obesity because of the lack of structure in the child’s day. Children are trying to grasp an understanding of the virus in correlation to the family’s financial status …

Living In A Plant-Based World, Charlotte Huntington

Academic Festival

A world without meat seems like such a distant idea. What about a world with meat produced in labs? Or a world or meat like products? A plant-based world doesn't mean no more burgers, it just means no burgers produced in ways that harm humanity. This essay argues that by eliminating the consumption and production of meat globally, humanity can expand lifespans and prevent future catastrophic natural disasters. The negative effects of meat production are the greenhouse gases emitted, land usage and deforestation, the water wasted, the food used for livestock that could be used for human consumption. Without meat …

The Devaluation Of Women's Work: Is Medicine Repeating History?, Elizabeth Williams

Academic Festival

Throughout history, society has failed to compensate women fairly for their work. Occupations once considered men's work have regularly lost merit once women fill the role. Within the United States, women in the workforce have experienced a true systemic devaluation. Rather new challenges for the female physician assistant are beginning to mirror an outdated story line that has undermined the work of women in medicine for years. To understand this entirely, the historical depreciation of women’s work in the United States, trends in medicine, current pay disparities among physician assistants, and strategies to prevent society and medicine from repeating history …

Why Are Nurses At A Higher Risk For Substance Abuse Than The Average Working Professional And How Does This Prevalence Affect The Care That Is Given In Hospitals?, Kate Wagner

Academic Festival

By definition, substance abuse disorder is an unrestricted and uncontrolled use of elicit and medical drugs that is harmful to society, self or both of these things. The definition of substance abuse includes both psychological dependence and physical dependence on these drugs. With this being said, substance abuse is a disease that affects a person’s cognition, alertness, and orientation of a person, affecting the way that they live day to day. A person who is affected by a substance abuse disorder is not physically and mentally capable of being in a professional place such as a hospital, doctor’s office or …

Fashion’S Psychological And Ethical Effects On Consumers From Poor Environmental Practices, Victoria Cobb

Academic Festival

There is no doubt that the fashion industry in some form or another has affected our lives. However, the extent to which the industry has affected our lives is much more than what the general public would assume. This research paper will touch on the psychological effects and the ethical implications the fashion industry has imposed on us as consumers through their poor environmental results.

Environmentally, the fashion industry has produced an unforgivable amount of damage. It has been identified that due to the nature of the businesses excess production, manufacturing processes, disposal, and many more have placed the industry …

Dietary Fasting As A Treatment For Type 2 Diabetes, John Fenkart

Academic Festival

More than thirty-seven million Americans have diabetes, approximately 95% of those thirty-seven million have type 2 diabetes. That correlates to roughly 1 in 10 Americans that suffer from type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that has detrimental effects on the way one’s body metabolizes glucose; specifically, type 2 diabetes is caused by the body’s resistance to insulin. Currently, there is a limited variety of type 2 diabetes interventions, which almost always involve injections of insulin. These injections are expensive, and painful, and treat the disease itself rather than the person by addressing the symptoms of type …

The Mechanism & Effects Of Intersectionality In The American Educational System Against Black, Female Students, Emma Riccardi

Academic Festival

Education inequality is amongst the most severe types of racial inequalities throughout the United States. Like many other areas of inequality in America, education inequality is deeply correlated with race. As a form of systematic racism, the discrepancy in access to resources and opportunities for Black students in comparison to their White counterparts, leads to inequality outside the walls of a classroom. America was founded by social institutions engrained with bias and imbalance, that still reinforce inequality today. Statistics have repeatedly demonstrated that Black children are more likely to live in low-income neighborhoods with poorer school districts than White children, …