Digital Commons Network^™

Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy During Ambulatory Video-Eeg Monitoring At Home, Jonathan Ross, Ivana Tyrlikova, Alexander Giermek, Manuela Ochoa-Urrea, Samden Lhatoo, Pavel Klein

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and objectives: We report the recording of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in a 68-year-old man with recent onset cryptogenic epilepsy, captured by video-EEG monitoring, at home in the company of his wife while sitting in a chair. This was only the third seizure of his life, the first 2 occurring 19 days previously. This rare event is a novel case of SUDEP recorded with ambulatory video EEG at home. The video is included by permission.

Methods: Electroclinical seizure and cardiorespiratory analysis was ascertained using a combination of video, EEG (Natus, standard 10-20 electrode), ECG, and sound. Respiratory …

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure And Its Influence On Pediatric Epigenetic Clocks And Epigenetic Scores In Humans, Thiago Wendt Viola, Christina Danzer, Victor Mardini, Claudia Szobot, João Henrique Chrusciel, Laura Stertz, Joy M Schmitz, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Gabriel R Fries, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The investigation of the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on offspring has been inconsistent, with few studies investigating biological outcomes in humans. We profiled genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) of umbilical cord blood (UCB) from newborns with (n = 35) and without (n = 47) PCE. We used DNAm data to (1) assess pediatric epigenetic clocks at birth and (2) to estimate epigenetic scores (ES) for lifetime disorders. We generated gestational epigenetic age estimates (DNAmGA) based on Knight and Bohlin epigenetic clocks. We also investigated the association between DNAmGA and UCB serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Considering the large-scale …

Adverse Outcomes And An Immunosuppressed Endotype In Septic Patients With Reduced Ifn-Γ Elispot, Evan L. Barrios, Drew E. Del Toro, Alexandra Dram, Sandra Meszaros, Sydney Miles, Andrew H. Walton, Anne M. Drewry, Isaiah R. Turnbull, Richard S Hotchkiss, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUNDSepsis remains a major clinical challenge for which successful treatment requires greater precision in identifying patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes requiring different therapeutic approaches. Predicting clinical outcomes and immunological endotyping of septic patients generally relies on using blood protein or mRNA biomarkers, or static cell phenotyping. Here, we sought to determine whether functional immune responsiveness would yield improved precision.METHODSAn ex vivo whole-blood enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay for cellular production of interferon γ (IFN-γ) was evaluated in 107 septic and 68 nonseptic patients from 5 academic health centers using blood samples collected on days 1, 4, and 7 …

Integrative Genomic Analyses Reveal Putative Cell Type-Specific Targets Of The Drosophila Ets Transcription Factor Pointed, Komal Kumar Bollepogu Raja, Kelvin Yeung, Yoon-Kyung Shim, Graeme Mardon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The Ets domain transcription factors direct diverse biological processes throughout all metazoans and are implicated in development as well as in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. The Drosophila Ets transcription factor Pointed (Pnt) is the downstream effector of the Epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) pathway and is required for cell cycle progression, specification, and differentiation of most cell types in the larval eye disc. Despite its critical role in development, very few targets of Pnt have been reported previously. Here, we employed an integrated approach by combining genome-wide single cell and bulk data to identify putative cell type-specific Pnt targets. …

An Orally Available Compound Suppresses Glucagon Hypersecretion And Normalizes Hyperglycemia In Type 1 Diabetes, Farzad Asadi, Subhadra C. Gunawardana, Roland E. Dolle, David W. Piston

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Suppression of glucagon hypersecretion can normalize hyperglycemia during type 1 diabetes (T1D). Activating erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular receptor type-A4 (EphA4) on α cells reduced glucagon hypersecretion from dispersed α cells and T1D islets from both human donor and mouse models. We synthesized a high-affinity small molecule agonist for the EphA4 receptor, WCDD301, which showed robust plasma and liver microsome metabolic stability in both mouse and human preparations. In islets and dispersed islet cells from nondiabetic and T1D human donors, WCDD301 reduced glucagon secretion comparable to the natural EphA4 ligand, Ephrin-A5. In diabetic NOD and streptozotocin-treated mice, once-daily oral administration of WCDD301 …

Human Whole-Exome Genotype Data For Alzheimer's Disease, Yuk Yee Leung, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The heterogeneity of the whole-exome sequencing (WES) data generation methods present a challenge to a joint analysis. Here we present a bioinformatics strategy for joint-calling 20,504 WES samples collected across nine studies and sequenced using ten capture kits in fourteen sequencing centers in the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project. The joint-genotype called variant-called format (VCF) file contains only positions within the union of capture kits. The VCF was then processed specifically to account for the batch effects arising from the use of different capture kits from different studies. We identified 8.2 million autosomal variants. 96.82% of the variants are high-quality, and …

B Cells Mediate Lung Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury By Recruiting Classical Monocytes Via Synergistic B Cell Receptor/Tlr4 Signaling, Khashayar Farahnak, Yun Zhu Bai, Yuhei Yokoyama, Deniz B. Morkan, Zhiyi Liu, Junedh M. Amrute, Alejandro De Filippis Falcon, Yuriko Terada, Fuyi Liao, Wenjun Li, Hailey M. Shepherd, Ramsey R. Hachem, Varun Puri, Kory J. Lavine, Andrew E. Gelman, Ankit Bharat, Daniel Kreisel, Ruben G. Nava

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ischemia/reperfusion injury-mediated (IRI-mediated) primary graft dysfunction (PGD) adversely affects both short- and long-term outcomes after lung transplantation, a procedure that remains the only treatment option for patients suffering from end-stage respiratory failure. While B cells are known to regulate adaptive immune responses, their role in lung IRI is not well understood. Here, we demonstrated by intravital imaging that B cells are rapidly recruited to injured lungs, where they extravasate into the parenchyma. Using hilar clamping and transplant models, we observed that lung-infiltrating B cells produce the monocyte chemokine CCL7 in a TLR4-TRIF-dependent fashion, a critical step contributing to classical monocyte …

Cpsa Mediates Infection Of Recruited Lung Myeloid Cells By Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Steven J Grigsby, G V R Krishna Prasad, Joshua B Wallach, Ekansh Mittal, Fong-Fu Hsu, Dirk Schnappinger, Jennifer A Philips

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) possesses an arsenal of virulence factors to evade host immunity. Previously, we showed that the Mtb protein CpsA, which protects Mtb against the host NADPH oxidase, is required in mice during the first 3 weeks of infection but is thereafter dispensable for full virulence. Using flow cytometry, we find that ΔcpsA Mtb is retained in alveolar macrophages, impaired in recruiting and disseminating into monocyte-derived cells, and more likely to be localized in airway cells than wild-type Mtb. The lungs of ΔcpsA-infected mice also have markedly fewer antigen-specific T cells, indicating a delay in adaptive immunity. Thus, we …

Nutritional Requirements And Effect Of Culture Conditions On The Performance Of The African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus): A Review, Sandra Langi, Sahya Maulu, Oliver J. Hasimuna, Veronica Kaleinasho Kapula, Martin Tjipute

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Aquaculture is crucial for global food and nutrition security due to the inability of wild harvests to meet increasing demand. Africa’s contribution to aquaculture is generally low, despite its potential for economic development, food security, and reduced unemployment. The study focuses on the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) a freshwater fish species that is widely farmed for food in Africa and other parts of the world. Proper nutrition is essential for the growth and development of the fish, and understanding their nutritional requirements is critical for producing healthy and high-quality fish. This review article provides an overview of the knowledge on …

Rehabilitation For Enduring Change: Toward Evidence-Based Corrections, Michael Rocque

All Faculty Scholarship

Since Robert Martinson’s famous declaration that there was little evidence on the effectiveness of rehabilitation, correctional research on what works to reduce recidivism has proliferated. There is a vast body of literature indicating that programs and interventions, when applied appropriately in prison or in the community, can be effective. Intervention approaches with relatively strong evidence include (1) educational/vocational, (2) cognitive-behavioral therapy, (3) substance use/abuse, and some evidence for (4) sex offender programs. However, there is a large amount of variability in the results of evaluations, and the sources of that variability need to be interrogated. While there is increasingly good …

Acculturation And Intimate Partner Violence Among Kenyans In The United States, Max J. Stein, Peter Ndiang’Ui, Eunice Menja

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is abuse by a partner or spouse. This study focused on IPV among Kenyan immigrants to the United States. Several studies reported connections between IPV and cultural tensions experienced during the acculturation process. Scholars disagree whether acculturation buffers against IPV by exposing immigrants to adaptive social norms or heightens risk factors among those facing challenges acclimating to new settings. Whereas this association has been researched among Latinx and Asian communities in the United States, it is understudied among African and especially Kenyan diasporas. This descriptive study explored how acculturation and IPV among U.S. Kenyans were experienced …

Extreme Drought Impacts Have Been Underestimated In Grasslands And Shrublands Globally, Melinda D Smith, Kate D Wilkins, Martin C Holdrege, Peter Wilfahrt, Scott L Collins, Alan K Knapp, Osvaldo E Sala, Jeffrey S Dukes, Richard P Phillips, Laura Yahdjian, Laureano A Gherardi, Timothy Ohlert, Claus Beier, Lauchlan H Fraser, Anke Jentsch, Michael E Loik, Fernando T Maestre, Sally A Power, Qiang Yu, Andrew J Felton, Seth M Munson, Yiqi Luo, Hamed Abdoli, Mehdi Abedi, Concepción L Alados, Juan Alberti, Moshe Alon, Hui An, Brian Anacker, Maggie Anderson, Harald Auge, Seton Bachle, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Michael Bahn, Amgaa Batbaatar, Taryn Bauerle, Karen H Beard, Kai Behn, Ilka Beil, Lucio Biancari, Irmgard Blindow, Viviana Florencia Bondaruk, Elizabeth T Borer, Edward W Bork, Carlos Martin Bruschetti, Kerry M Byrne, James F Cahill, Dianela A Calvo, Michele Carbognani, Augusto Cardoni, Cameron N Carlyle, Miguel Castillo-Garcia, Scott X Chang, Jeff Chieppa, Marcus V Cianciaruso, Ofer Cohen, Amanda L Cordeiro, Daniela F Cusack, Sven Dahlke, Pedro Daleo, Carla M D'Antonio, Lee H Dietterich, Tim S Doherty, Maren Dubbert, Anne Ebeling, Nico Eisenhauer, Felícia M Fischer, T'Ai G W Forte, Tobias Gebauer, Beatriz Gozalo, Aaron C Greenville, Karlo G Guidoni-Martins, Heather J Hannusch, Siri Vatsø Haugum, Yann Hautier, Mariet Hefting, Hugh A L Henry, Daniela Hoss, Johannes Ingrisch, Oscar Iribarne, Forest Isbell, Yari Johnson, Samuel Jordan, Eugene F Kelly, Kaitlin Kimmel, Juergen Kreyling, György Kröel-Dulay, Alicia Kröpfl, Angelika Kübert, Andrew Kulmatiski, Eric G Lamb, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Julie Larson, Jason Lawson, Cintia V Leder, Anja Linstädter, Jielin Liu, Shirong Liu, Alexandra G Lodge, Grisel Longo, Alejandro Loydi, Junwei Luan, Frederick Curtis Lubbe, Craig Macfarlane, Kathleen Mackie-Haas, Andrey V Malyshev, Adrián Maturano-Ruiz, Thomas Merchant, Daniel B Metcalfe, Akira S Mori, Edwin Mudongo, Gregory S Newman, Uffe N Nielsen, Dale Nimmo, Yujie Niu, Paola Nobre, Rory C O'Connor, Romà Ogaya, Gastón R Oñatibia, Ildikó Orbán, Brooke Osborne, Rafael Otfinowski, Meelis Pärtel, Josep Penuelas, Pablo L Peri, Guadalupe Peter, Alessandro Petraglia, Catherine Picon-Cochard, Valério D Pillar, Juan Manuel Piñeiro-Guerra, Laura W Ploughe, Robert M Plowes, Cristy Portales-Reyes, Suzanne M Prober, Yolanda Pueyo, Sasha C Reed, Euan G Ritchie, Dana Aylén Rodríguez, William E Rogers, Christiane Roscher, Ana M Sánchez, Bráulio A Santos, María Cecilia Scarfó, Eric W Seabloom, Baoku Shi, Lara Souza, Andreas Stampfli, Rachel J Standish, Marcelo Sternberg, Wei Sun, Marie Sünnemann, Michelle Tedder, Pål Thorvaldsen, Dashuan Tian, Katja Tielbörger, Alejandro Valdecantos, Liesbeth Van Den Brink, Vigdis Vandvik, Mathew R Vankoughnett, Liv Guri Velle, Changhui Wang, Yi Wang, Glenda M Wardle, Christiane Werner, Cunzheng Wei, Georg Wiehl, Jennifer L Williams, Amelia A Wolf, Michaela Zeiter, Fawei Zhang, Juntao Zhu, Ning Zong, Xiaoan Zuo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term (~1 y) drought events-the most common duration of drought-globally. Yet the impact of this intensification of drought on ecosystem functioning remains poorly resolved. This is due in part to the widely disparate approaches ecologists have employed to study drought, variation in the severity and duration of drought studied, and differences among ecosystems in vegetation, edaphic and climatic attributes that can mediate drought impacts. To overcome these problems and better identify the factors that modulate drought responses, we used a coordinated distributed experiment to quantify the impact of short-term drought on …

Skills To Support Mental Health In Uncertain Times, Part 1: Being Open, Rachel Byers, Heather H. Kelley, Ty Aller, Timothy Keady

All Current Publications

This fact sheet describes the skill of being open, an important component of psychological flexibility. Psychological flexibility, being able to respond to uncomfortable thoughts and feelings in a flexible and values-aligned way, can help protect and improve an individual's quality of life. Openness includes learning to accept uncomfortable thoughts and sensations rather than pushing them away. The fact sheet includes exercises that research has shown can help increase openness. Two other fact sheets are part of this Skills to Support Mental Health in Uncertain Times series, including "Part 2: Cultivating Awareness," and "Part 3: Being Engaged."

Addressing Comorbidities In People With Parkinson's Disease: Considerations From An Expert Panel, Camille Carroll, Carl E. Clarke, Donald Grosset, Arshad Rather, Biju Mohamed, Miriam Parry, Prashanth Reddy, Robin Fackrell, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri

Peninsula Medical School

In the UK, guidance exists to aid clinicians and patients deciding when treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) should be initiated and which therapies to consider. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance recommends that before starting PD treatment clinicians should discuss the following: the patient's individual clinical circumstances; lifestyle; preferences; needs and goals; as well as the potential benefits and harms of the different drug classes. Individualization of medicines and management in PD significantly improves patients' outcomes and quality of life. This article aims to provide simple and practical guidance to help clinicians address common, but often overlooked, …

Teacher Professionalism, Expertise And The Jurisdictional Struggle, Jim Hordern

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

In this paper, the relationship between teacher professionalism, expertise and educational knowledge is examined via the sociology of the professions, studies of professional knowledge, and the philosophy of expertise. Drawing on the work of Abbott the jurisdictional context of teaching is foregrounded, with a focus on (i) how educational problems are defined; (ii) professional knowledge-in-use (or diagnosis, inference and “treatment” in teaching); and (iii) the potential of systematically organised abstract knowledge base for teaching. It is suggested that teaching is a profession particularly vulnerable to external jurisdictional challenge, with little opportunity for protection against forms of what Abbott terms “advisory” …

71st St. Props. Llc V. New York State Div. Of Hous. & Community Renewal

All Decisions

Landlord sought to compel DHCR to issue a decision on their eviction application for demolition under Rent Stabilization Code §2524.5(a)(2). The court denied the petition, finding DHCR's decision on eviction for demolition discretionary and entitled to deference in its resource allocation and decision-making process (CPLR §7803(1); Matter of 81 Warren St. Realty Corp. v New York State Div. of Hous. & Community Renewal, 2008 NY Slip Op 31030[U]). While acknowledging the delay, the court found DHCR was actively processing the application and declined to impose a timeframe (Audubon Ave. Assoc. v State Div. of Hous. & Community Renewal, 148 Misc …

Neuronal Deletion Of The Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 Induces Cell-Autonomous Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration, Michael K. Kanan, Patrick W. Sheehan, Jessica N. Haines, Pedro G. Gomez, Adya Dhuler, Collin J. Nadarajah, Zachary M. Wargel, Brittany M. Freeberg, Hemanth R. Nelvagal, Mariko Izumo, Joseph S. Takahashi, Jonathan D. Cooper, Albert A. Davis, Erik S. Musiek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Circadian rhythm dysfunction is a hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD), and diminished expression of the core clock gene Bmal1 has been described in patients with PD. BMAL1 is required for core circadian clock function but also serves nonrhythmic functions. Germline Bmal1 deletion can cause brain oxidative stress and synapse loss in mice, and it can exacerbate dopaminergic neurodegeneration in response to the toxin MPTP. Here we examined the effect of cell type-specific Bmal1 deletion on dopaminergic neuron viability in vivo. We observed that global, postnatal deletion of Bmal1 caused spontaneous loss of tyrosine hydroxylase+ (TH+) dopaminergic neurons in the substantia …

Neural Mechanisms Of Face Familiarity And Learning In The Human Amygdala And Hippocampus, Runnan Cao, Jinge Wang, Peter Brunner, Jon T Willie, Xin Li, Ueli Rutishauser, Nicholas J Brandmeir, Shuo Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recognizing familiar faces and learning new faces play an important role in social cognition. However, the underlying neural computational mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we record from single neurons in the human amygdala and hippocampus and find a greater neuronal representational distance between pairs of familiar faces than unfamiliar faces, suggesting that neural representations for familiar faces are more distinct. Representational distance increases with exposures to the same identity, suggesting that neural face representations are sharpened with learning and familiarization. Furthermore, representational distance is positively correlated with visual dissimilarity between faces, and exposure to visually similar faces increases representational distance, thus …

Synergistic Protection Of Retinal Ganglion Cells (Rgcs) By Sarm1 Inactivation With Cntf In A Rodent Model Of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy, Yan Guo, Zara Mehrabian, Jeffrey Milbrandt, Aaron Diantonio, Steven L Bernstein

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We evaluated whether inhibiting sterile alpha and (Toll/interleukin receptor (TIR)) motif-containing 1 (SARM1) activity protects retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) following ischemic axonopathy (rodent nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: rNAION) by itself and combined with ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). Genetically modified SARM1(-) rats were rNAION-induced in one eye and compared against equivalently induced wild-type animals of the same background. Optic nerve (ON) diameters were quantified using optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). RGCs were quantified 30 d post-induction using retinal stereology for Brn3a(+) nuclei. ON sections were analyzed by TEM and immunohistochemistry. SARM1(-)(-) and WT animals were then bilaterally sequentially rNAION-induced. One eye …

Targeting Efferocytosis In Inflammaging, Ivan K H Poon, Kodi S Ravichandran

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Rapid removal of apoptotic cells by phagocytes, a process known as efferocytosis, is key for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, the resolution of inflammation, and tissue repair. However, impaired efferocytosis can result in the accumulation of apoptotic cells, subsequently triggering sterile inflammation through the release of endogenous factors such as DNA and nuclear proteins from membrane permeabilized dying cells. Here, we review the molecular basis of the three key phases of efferocytosis, that is, the detection, uptake, and degradation of apoptotic materials by phagocytes. We also discuss how defects in efferocytosis due to the alteration of phagocytes and dying cells …

Erectile Dysfunction And Coronary Artery Disease: Unfortunate Bedfellows, Glenn N Levine

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Type Of K Fertilizer On Dcad Of Fen Grassland In Northeast Germany, A. Behrendt, J. Pickert, F. Eulenstein, B. Kroschewski

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A lower DCAD is required in the diet fed during the prepartum period, but increasing the DCAD of diets fed during lactation increased milk yield and dry matter intake (Overton 2020). We conducted 3 cutting date/type of fertilizer trials, harvested with 5, 4 and 3 cuts per year over 3 years. Compared to the chloride based K fertilizer, the application of a sulphate based K fertilizer did not change dry matter yield and fodder quality (NEL-, XP-content) but led to significant higher DCAD in the grass in cut 1 - 3 of all trials over 3 years. The increase of …

Breeding Small Grains As A Forage, Silage And Cover Crop For The Southern Coastal Plain (Usa) In A Changing Climatic Environment, A. Blount, Marcelo O. Wallau, S. A. Harrison, Cheryl L. Mackowiak, A. Babar, José C. B. Dubeux Jr.

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forage breeding of small grains in the southern Coastal Plains region of the U.S. mimic many other countries experiencing climate changes and breeding strategies should be similar for improving small grains grown for forage, silage or as cover crops. Significant focus on improvements in stress-adaptation has encouraged members of the SunGrains cooperative to cross, evaluate and develop experimental lines with inherent adaptation to climatic conditions including heat stress, drought tolerance, short-day and long-day forage production periods, and flooded conditions for events with storm-related, short-term durations. Many new cultivars, grown throughout the southeastern U.S. have resulted from breeding selection under abiotic …

The Future Of Clovers In Forage Systems And As Cover Crops, J. H. Bouton, John R. Caradus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are the most widely used genera of legumes in forage systems, although only a limited number of the hundreds of perennial and annual species are commercially available. The number of varieties available within each of the main commercial species can be high and demonstrates past breeding achievements. Success relates to any clover’s ability to persist in mixtures with other forage species, across a range of soil types, management systems, and climates, while providing animal nutrition and biologically fixed nitrogen benefits. Uses range from traditional pasture mixtures with grasses to inclusion in multi-species mixtures, and as cover …

3rd Annual Hu Research Symposium Program 2021, Akeisha Belgrave, Erica Ward, Rebekah Harriger

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

3rd Annual HU Research Symposium program and schedule of presenters. Presentations were held April 21st, 2021 virtually on the Teams platform.

Effectiveness And Cost Of Shrub Removal Methods In Degraded Woodlands Being Converted To Silvopasture, S. Cartoni-Casamitjana, M. J. Renz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Transforming degraded woodlands to silvopasture is of interest in the Midwestern USA as it increases profitability of farms and benefits animal health. Invasive shrubs within woodlands, however, are a major obstacle to silvopasture establishment. Research was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness, cost and resulting herbaceous canopy light interception of common brush-control methods when used alone or integrated over a two-year timeframe. Five treatments were established in a randomized complete block design. In the first year, treatments were either forestry mowed (mow) or rotationally grazed by goats (goats) at a stocking density of 5700 to 6000 kg per hectare. In the …

Grass Vegetation Dynamics In Wetlands With Different Utilization, Dorai Pandian Kannan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The land-use patterns, combined with the biotic interactions, are likely to substantially affect the grass community of tropical wetlands. However, we need more information to understand the vegetation cover and, particularly, the diversity of grasses in the protected sites, where the naturally occurring interactions with extreme complexity. Hence a thorough understanding of these interactive effects on grass dynamics would help develop wildlife management guidelines to predict the grass-woody herbs and other associated vegetation. In light of this, a beta vegetation survey and diversity analysis in two varying wetland ecosystems of natural mountain streams and temporary ponds. Grass communities occurred along …

Weed Management Affects Pasture Productivity And Animal Performance, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., I. L. Brêtas, L. M. D. Queiroz, H. A. Koury

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Weed can be defined as any plant growing in undesirable locations. Weeds are considered one of the main challenges in agricultural fields. Weeds affect pasture productivity mainly because of the competition for limited resources such as nutrients, water, and light with forage plants. Weeds encroach pastures spontaneously and spread quickly through the farm and neighboring areas, making their control difficult. In addition, weeds can affect forage nutritive value, grazing behaviour, voluntary forage intake, animal health, and consequently animal performance. The low efficiency of mechanical weeding and the global concern about indiscriminate use of herbicides impose challenges for producers in grazing …

Development Of Seed Production Of Important Grass And Legume Species In Poland In Relation To The European Market, Barbara Golińska, Piotr Goliński

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An analysis was carried out on the status of seed production of most important grass and legume species in Poland in terms of the area of seed crops and their seed yield on the background of the European market. Particular attention in the analysis was paid to the dominant species in the reproductive area of varieties of forage and turfgrasses and small-seeded legumes in Poland and in Europe, i.e. Lolium perenne L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Festuca rubra L. and Trifolium pratense L. For analysis the ESCAA and Polish Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection data from 2004‒2021 were …

A Comparison Of Four Methods Of Botanical Analysis In Kentucky Cattle Pastures, Echo Elizabeth Gotsick, S. Ray Smith, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Throughout the many decades of grassland and forage research, practitioners have used many different methods to assess botanical composition. While a few of these methods have proven to be accurate and efficient, there has been limited direct comparison between methods. The objective of this study was to determine an accurate and efficient method to determine botanical composition for researchers, practitioners, and students. Six farms with two pastures each were monitored across the state of Kentucky. Sampling started fall 2020 and continued through fall 2022 with measurements taken three times a year using the following measurement techniques: step point, visual estimation, …