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The Effect Of Chronic Administration Of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants On Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In Wistar Rats, Vita Camellia, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Muhammad Ichwan, Dina Keumala Sari, Elmeida Effendy, Aldy Safruddin Rambe, Syafruddin Ilyas, Juliandi, Alfi Khatib, Mustafa Mahmud Amin, Muhammad Rusda

Baghdad Science Journal

This study aims to determine the effect of chronic administration of amphetamine-type stimulants at varying doses on inflammation and oxidative stress in Wistar rats. They were given methylphenidate and divided into 4 treatment groups. Furthermore, simple random grouping was carried out to divide the samples into 5 groups, each consisting of 9 rats. These groups included rats given only distilled water as the controls, as well as those given methylphenidate at doses of 10 mg/kg BW, 20 mg/kg BW, and 40 mg/kg BW for 4 weeks as the experimental groups. Statistical analysis was then performed using GraphPad Prism to compare …

Summer 2024: Breaking Ground

The Weldon Times

A student-run publication from the Schulich School of Law at Dalhousie University.

Co-Editors in Chief: Faith Thomson, Kimberly Gilson

Design, Synthesis And Characterization Of A New Series Of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1h)-One (Dhqz-1) Derivatives And Evaluation Of Antitumor Resistant (By Molecule Docking), Mohammed Abed Kadhim, Emad Khelil Mohammed Zangana, Arkan Hassan Jawad

Baghdad Science Journal

The objective of this work is to use multicomponent reactions (MCRs) to produce a novel series of quinazoline derivatives with high yield. This occurs in one-pot condensation among Pyridine-3-carbaldehyde with 1H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4-dione (Isatoic anhydride) and primary amines (3-7). The mixture refluxed into tetrahydrofuran (THF, aprotic solvent). It is carried out with sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4) that is catalytically present, to afford a high yield of the 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivative. The best yield has been obtained at 68°C. In general, all the products in the series (8-12) show a great ability as potent anticancer of the breast using a molecular docking study of …

Conductometric And Computational Study Of Chloramphenicol At Different Solvents And Temperatures, Amel G. Abed

Baghdad Science Journal

In the present work, the electrical conductivity of chloramphenicol was measured in water and methanol at different temperature degrees 293-313 K. The parameters of conductivity equivalent conductance at infinite dilution ( Λ0), the association constant (KA) and distance parameter (R) were all recorded by using Lee-Wheaton equation and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS) were calculated as well. The behavior of a compound can be predicted through computational calculations; taking 2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2S)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl) propan-2-yl] acetamide, for example. There is an abundance of theoretical information available about how this compound behaves in different solvents, such as water and methanol. The secret lies …

Studying The Role Of Heme Oxygenase-1 In Obese Patients, Nabaa Adnan Mohammed, Fayhaa M. Khaleel

Baghdad Science Journal

Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) is an enzyme that catalyzes and breaks down heme molecules into biliverdin, free iron, bilirubin, and carbon monoxide. This study aims to investigate the levels and role of (HO-1) in obese patients against oxidative stress and its relationship to obesity. The study included 139 samples: (84 obese and 55 non-obese persons). Both study groups were divided into four groups based on their Body Mass Index (BMI). Blood sample was collected from obese persons and control groups (men and women) at AL-Yarmouk Hospital and the National Diabetes Research Center at the period between December-2022 until June-2023. Some biochemical parameters …

Preparing A Compound Of New Nanoparticles Of Lactam, Pe To Improve Their Specifications, Suad Muhsin Ali, Sanaa A. Al Sahib

Baghdad Science Journal

This research deals with the properties of polyethylene (PE) using lactams with metallic nano-oxide compounds extracted from (clove) plants, specifically the flower buds of the clove tree as stabilizers and reducing agents, where the nano-oxide stabilizes and covers the natural polymer. The study aims to show that the nano-oxide performs the best bonding of the prepared composites, due to the increased surface area, and thus can bind to the prepared polymer and ability of electronic stability is due to a large number of bonds, which allow the electronic charge to be distributed and then dispersed outside the surface of the …

Human Amylin As A Novel Diagnostic Marker For Hypothyroidism In Iraqi Patients, Duha Khalil Ibrahim, Layla Othman

Baghdad Science Journal

Amylin is a peptide hormone that the pancreas cell secretes along with insulin. As a neuroendocrine hormone that sends a specific signal to the brain, amylin is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the metabolism. The goal of the current study is to determine the role of Amylin as a diagnostic marker of hypothyroidism. The 120 samples were divided into two groups (80 patients with hypothyroidism) and the second group (40 healthy people). Amylin levels significantly increased compared to the control group in the group with hypothyroidism, according to the data (p < 0.001). Amylin levels raised in Iraqi patients with Hypothyroidism. Amylin a good diagnostic marker for Hypothyroidism with most accurately, sensitively cut off value 51.

Modification On Ciprofloxacin Moiety To Synthesize Some New Derivatives With Screening Antibacterial Activity, Aya Ali Mohammed, Ahlam Mohammed Farhan

Baghdad Science Journal

A major global public health problem is the emergence of antimicrobial resistance to common commercial medications. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antimicrobials with enhanced biological activity. In this regard , in this study 5 novel Quinolone derivative A, B, C, D, and E were synthesized and their structure was analyzed using UV light, FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques. The structure of synthesized compounds was investigated. The well diffusion assay method was used to test the synthetic compounds' antibacterial properties in vitro against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and …

Histopathologic Changes And Molecular Characterization Of Fascioliasis (A Zoonotic Disease) Among Slaughtered Livestock In Erbil And Halabja Abattoirs, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, Qaraman Mamakhidr Koyee, Rozhgar Abdullah Khailany, Mahmud Luqman Rahman, Liza Numan Nassraldin

Baghdad Science Journal

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease, caused by the parasites Fasciola (F.) hepatica and F. gigantica, which poses a great threat to the ruminants in addition to humans in many countries, including Iraq. Hence, the study of this parasite and its deleterious impacts on host, morphologically, histopathologically, epidemiologically, and molecularly, is so important. Hence, the current study was designed to investigate this fluke of livestock in Erbil and Halabja slaughterhouses from August to October 2022. To meet the prerequisites of the study, 33 flukes were collected from the sheep and cattle at study sites. The samples were transported to the Zoology …

Curbing The Campus Mental Health Crisis: The Role Of Extracurricular Activity Participation, Rosanne Villemaire-Krajden, Erin Barker

Journal of Youth Development

Rates of distress on post-secondary campuses are alarmingly high, calling for a shift towards learning environments that better address emerging adults’ holistic needs. This cross-sectional, mixed-method study examines the role that extracurricular activity participation can play in such approaches. Online survey data was collected from 302 undergraduate students (M_age = 21.3) to assess extracurricular activity participation prior to and during their university attendance, across quantitative indicators (i.e., type and number of activities). Students’ qualitative accounts of the influence of their extracurricular activity participation on their development and wellbeing was examined using thematic analysis. Results indicate that rates of …

Check Out The Library, 2024 Summer Issue, Cal Poly Humboldt Library

Library Publications

Issue 18

Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections In South Carolina: A Cross-Sectional Survey And Comparison To Geographically-Associated Social Determinants Of Health, Sean Patrick Sweeney

Theses and Dissertations

Sexually transmitted disease (STD) rates are on the rise in the United States. South Carolina ranks consistently among the states with the highest STD burdens, especially for the bacterial diseases gonorrhea and chlamydia. This study sought to determine the opinions, beliefs, and knowledgebase of South Carolina citizens regarding STDs and sexual health/education. In doing so, the study seeks to identify areas of improvement for educators, healthcare workers, and public health employees. Using a web-based cross-sectional survey, this study contacted approximately 900,000 South Carolina residents for participation. Participants were asked a variety of questions focused on STD knowledge, opinions, and practices. …

Sexual Quality Of Life In Sexual And Gender Minority Women After Cancer, Heather Schneider Miles

Theses and Dissertations

Sexual quality of life (SQoL) is a critical aspect of well-being, encompassing physical, emotional, and social dimensions. For sexual and gender minority women (SGMW)—lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or queer—cancer presents unique challenges. This dissertation examined the relationships between cancer treatment symptoms, social support, and communication with the cancer care team (CCT) on SQoL among SGMW survivors of breast, gynecological, and colorectal cancers. Quantitative data from 37 participants were collected using PROMIS® measures, assessing demographics, treatment history, post-treatment symptoms, perceived social support, and communication with the CCT. Additionally, in-depth interviews with five participants provided qualitative insights into their experiences and the meaning …

Light Em' Up, Lorna Renee Young

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis I will document and explore my process from researching the show to putting it on stage. Theatre is different from concert lighting which I have experience in but lighting in a theatre capacity is still new and through every show I was able to learn something new. Through this program I have learned how to successfully take a script from the paperwork to the stage.

Developing A Behavior-Based Measure Of Teacher-Student Relationship Quality, Amanda Lynn Davis

Theses and Dissertations

Students benefit from close, supportive relationships with their teachers. When students feel supported by their teachers, they tend to perform more strongly on social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes compared to peers whose relationships with their teachers are conflictual or strained. Emerging evidence suggests that the quality of these relationships may be improved through interventions that increase teachers’ relationship-building behaviors. Yet, the field lacks a measure that explores teacher-student relationship quality by examining the frequency of the specific relationship-building behaviors that may be subject to intervention. The current study aims to address this problem by developing and pilot testing a …

Social Cognitive Factors That Contribute To Student Retention In A High School Engineering Pathway: A Longitudinal Study, Matthew Vargyas

Theses and Dissertations

This action research study investigated the cognitive factors that impacted students’ choice to continue within a high school engineering pathway, and the effect of multiple engineering courses on students’ engineering self-efficacy. Participants (N = 87) were students who completed three quantitative surveys throughout the engineering course(s) in which they were enrolled. Using the theoretical framework of Social Cognitive Career Theory, each survey measured student engineering self-efficacy, coping self-efficacy, outcome expectations, interests, persistence goals, external supports, and external barriers. Near the end of the course, students completed a qualitative, open-response questionnaire where they indicated their decision to continue in the engineering …

Understanding Cancer Grade And Survival Disparities Among Young Adults Diagnosed With Non-Hodgkin’S Lymphoma (Nhl) Residing In South Carolina, Prema S. Bhattacharjee

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction. Previous research has shown that age and cancer grade differences must be carefully considered when developing initiatives to improve outcomes for NHL among the young adult population. The aims of this study are 1) to examine differences between low vs. high grade in NHL by race/ethnicity, healthcare insurance, and geographic factors among YAs aged 18-39 years of age in South Carolina, 2) to examine delays in the first course of cancer treatment for NHL by race/ethnicity, healthcare insurance, and county of residence (urban vs. rural) among YAs aged 18-39 years of age in South Carolina, and 3) examine differences …

Optimization Of A Nanotechnology-Based System For The Treatment Of Electroplating Wastewater, Madeleine Mary Meyer

Theses and Dissertations

To protect humans and the environment, human actions that may expose living organisms to toxic metals are heavily regulated in developed countries. The use and production of toxicants in commercial applications is tightly controlled in the United States of America by federal and state laws. Due to this fact, United States manufacturing companies are required to control the amount of regulated toxicants that leave their facilities. Toxic metals in wastewater are heavily regulated by federal and state law, with manufacturing facilities permitted individually for the concentrations of metals they are allowed to discharge via their wastewater. From previous research conducted …

Three Essays On Environmental, Social, And Governance (Esg), Zhengwei Fu

Theses and Dissertations

This abstract synthesizes findings from three studies examining the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG). In essay one, using environmental regulatory enforcement data from EPA, I find that facility-level political connections are positively related to the likelihood of experiencing environmental regulatory enforcement. The effect is mainly driven by political connections related to Democratic senators. Consequently, politically connected facilities reduce their air pollution. The effect of political connection is diminished when the authority of senators over environmental regulatory enforcement becomes weaker after the 2017 presidential election. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that the impact of political connection is stronger in states with …

Investigating The Mediating Effect Of Social Support In Team Sport Participation On Adolescent Mental Health Outcomes, Olivia Schmitke

Theses and Dissertations

Peer and non-familial adult supportive relationships are a critical part of healthy adolescent development, positively influencing psychological, behavioral, and social domains (e.g., Panza et. al., 2020). Extracurricular sports activities are a source of peer (e.g., teammates) and adult (e.g., coaches) relationships and are associated with favorable impacts on mental health which may be an impactful protective factor given the rise of mental health crisis in youth today. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship mechanisms underlying the benefits of sports participation by examining and effecting social support has on mental health outcomes in adolescents engaged in sports. In doing …

Using Youth Participatory Action Research To Scale Up Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) In The Southern United States, Mariajose Jhamira Paton

Theses and Dissertations

The recently launched initiative, Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE), provides a targeted plan to end HIV in the United States (US) by 2030, and prioritizes key demographic groups and geographic areas that are disproportionately burdened by HIV. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth, especially Black and Latiné youth (SGMBLY), are a key population for EHE as they have experienced the largest increase in new HIV rates in recent decades. States identified by EHE are disproportionately located in the Southern US, where increasing the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV has been a challenge. Though proven effective, youth participatory action …

Scenic Design: Learning How To Think Outside The Black Box, Ashley Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

During my time in the scenic design MFA program at the University of South Carolina, the most important thing I learned is how little I knew before starting this journey. This thesis will explore the challenges I faced and the growth I experienced through the pain of it all. I will demonstrate what I learned by going through each design process step-by-step, and how I became a better artist for it.

Surface Acoustic Waves-Based Point-Of-Care Biosensor, Debdyuti Mandal

Theses and Dissertations

A biosensor is an analytical tool consisting of biologically active material used in close conjunction with a device that converts a biochemical signal into a quantifiable electrical signal. The early detection of the disease biomarkers can enhance the increased curability of the disease, reduce healthcare costs, and finally, improve the quality of life for patients. Thus, for the following purpose, there is always a need for an effective biosensor as a diagnostic device. The biosensor typically consists of an actuator, a bio-recognition component, and a transducer that converts captured signals into a meaningful display. The bio-recognition component uses biomolecules to …

Altered Sensory Processing And Pain In Youth With Sickle Cell Disease: Risk Factors And Moderators, Julia Johnston

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience recurrent pain and increased risk for chronic pain. Neuropathic pain, characterized by alterations to the central and/or peripheral nervous systems, is not well understood among youth with SCD. Based on our current understanding of pain systems and existing literature on pain in SCD, this study aimed to elucidate psychosocial correlates of altered sensory processing (ASP) and neuropathic pain, determine biomedical risk factors contributing to the development of ASP among youth with SCD, and identify how sensory processing and biopsychosocial factors collectively influence pain experiences by assessing two plausible models. Methods: Thirty-five youth …

Understanding Stressors, Coping Strategies, And Physical Activity Among African American Women Using Ecological Momentary Assessment, Asia Brown

Theses and Dissertations

Psychological stress is a normal part of the human experience and can be adaptive in certain contexts. However, chronic, cumulative, or uncontrollable stressors, such as those associated with living in poverty or being a member of a marginalized group, contribute to pervasive inequities among African American women including lower rates of physical activity. Given the social and political forces that continue to shape inequities, and which have exacerbated Covid-19’s impact on African Americans, it is important to gain a better understanding of how this population is experiencing and coping with current stressors, many of which are embedded within the social …

Sleep Quality And Quantity Assessment Among African American Survivors Of Lung Cancer With And Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd), Amanda Rae Myhren Dyer

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Improving the quality of life of survivors of early-stage lung cancer (NSCLC, Stages I - IIIa) requires attention to persistent, burdensome symptoms, including sleep disturbances. While research exists regarding sleep quality, sleep quantity, and sleep disturbances in cancer survivors, minimal research targets this minority survivor population. The purpose of this study was to measure and assess sleep quality, sleep quantity, and sleep disturbances among African American survivors of lung cancer. Based on the Symptom Management Theory, our comprehensive assessment focuses on a racial minority group and multiple diagnostic groups (COPD vs. No COPD). Methods: This two-group, cross-sectional, descriptive study …

Decisions, Decisions: Dna Damage Induced Modification Of P53 And The Effect Of Modifications On P53 Differential Binding To The Dna, Savannah Gabrielle Keating

Theses and Dissertations

p53 is the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor protein in cancer. It is highly regulated, most often via post-translational modifications (PTMs). Different pathways and target genes are differentially activated by p53 and there is much left to understand how this occurs. The regulation of p53 at the post-translational level is incredibly important to its DNA damage response, and, therefore, it is understood that PTMs are often involved in the differential activation of pathways by p53. This project aimed to identify some of the types and locations of post-translational modifications on p53 in response to different modes of DNA damage with …

Enabling Novel Nanopore Sensing Approaches For Personalized Medicine Through Chemical Modifications To Analytes, Zehui Zhang

Theses and Dissertations

Nanopore sensors have garnered significant attention recently, not only for their groundbreaking advancements in single-molecule DNA sequencing but also for their diverse applications in stochastic sensing, single-molecule chemistry, and protein unfolding. The interaction of single molecules with the nanopore sensing interface leads to characteristic ionic current modulations, reflecting the composition, charge, distribution, structure, and sequence of the translocating molecule. With the electrical resistive pulse nanopore sensing, its single-molecule sensitivity and specificity have opened doors to numerous potential applications in personalized medicine. I will discuss recent advancements in the sensitivity and specificity of personalized medicine using nanopore sensors, focusing on proteomic …

Social-Ecological Determinants Of Affective States Among College Students: A Cross-Cultural Ecological Momentary Assessment Study, Abhishek Aggarwal

Theses and Dissertations

Background: College students experience a complex and diverse array of stressors during their college life, making them vulnerable to severe mental health issues. Momentary affective states are linked to major mental health disorders and overall well-being; however, the current social-ecological model of affect lacks a temporal dimension, failing to account for within-person dynamics of affective states over time. This study disentangles the complex temporal dynamics among the momentary, multilevel social-ecological factors and affective states in the real-world setting of college students across the United States (US) and India. However, establishing invariance of the affect model across time, people, and cultures …

Evaluation Of Mechanism Of Action And Toxicity Of Novel Psychoactive Substances (Nps) Identified As Cannabinomimetics, Robert Michael Sears

Theses and Dissertations

Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRA), also referred to as synthetic cannabinoids (SCs), pose a significant public health risk, create an undue burden on local emergency departments, and present significant challenges for law enforcement officers and forensic laboratories. SCs are a diverse group of compounds sold with the intent to illicit psychoactive responses like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component in marijuana. Since their initial detection in 2004, illicit use of SCs has grown in popularity. Recognizing the dangers of SC use, the Drug Enforcement Agency has moved to schedule the analytes routinely identified in street drugs. Despite these efforts, the …