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Trunk Resistance During Single Leg Jumps Improves Trunk Movement In College Athletes With Poor Movement Quality, Laura M. Cantusio, Rene A. Ribeiro, Milton Misuta, Ricardo M. L. Barros, Karine J. Sarro Jul 2024

Trunk Resistance During Single Leg Jumps Improves Trunk Movement In College Athletes With Poor Movement Quality, Laura M. Cantusio, Rene A. Ribeiro, Milton Misuta, Ricardo M. L. Barros, Karine J. Sarro

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Excessive trunk movements during sports gestures are commonly observed in lower limb injuries. Considering that poor movement quality and strength deficits in trunk and hip muscles have been associated with this excessive trunk movement, training of trunk control is needed in athletes. This study described the acute effects of an external trunk resistance in the sagittal and transverse planes during single-leg jumps in trunk kinematics of 20 female college athletes with poor movement quality of the lower limbs. The peak angles and range of motion of the trunk with and without resistance was compared. A decrease in the minimum peak …

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Relationships Between Lower Limb Joint Kinematics And Vertical Stiffness During The 400-M Sprint, Taisei Gohara, Shota Yamamoto, Yohei Takai, Yoshihiro Chiba, Takaya Yoshimoto, Terumitsu Miyazaki Jul 2024

Relationships Between Lower Limb Joint Kinematics And Vertical Stiffness During The 400-M Sprint, Taisei Gohara, Shota Yamamoto, Yohei Takai, Yoshihiro Chiba, Takaya Yoshimoto, Terumitsu Miyazaki

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We aimed to examine whether the lower limb joint kinematics related to the vertical stiffness differ between the early and the late phases of the 400-m sprint. An inertial measurement unit was used to collect the step-to-step whole-body kinematics during a 400-m sprint from twenty male collegiate track and field athletes. This study showed that larger knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion angles were associated with larger vertical stiffness during the late phase, whereas there are no relationships between the vertical stiffness and lower limb joint kinematics during the early phase of the 400-m sprint. The magnitude of vertical stiffness during …

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The Effect Of Operational Equipment And Bra Type Interaction On Breast Biomechanics In Female Police Officers, Bethany Canty, Franky Mulloy, Jenny Burbage Jul 2024

The Effect Of Operational Equipment And Bra Type Interaction On Breast Biomechanics In Female Police Officers, Bethany Canty, Franky Mulloy, Jenny Burbage

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to explore the interaction of different bra types with personal protective equipment (PPE), in female police officers. Breast motion of 13 officers was captured in jogging, in different bra conditions ranging from low to medium to high support. Displacement of different locations of breast tissue were recorded and compared. The high support condition significantly reduced breast motion. PPE also reduced breast movement suggesting increased compression from body armour and tactical vest. Results suggest officers should consider a high support sports bra for wear during work shifts and performance may be compromised by breast support.

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Upper Limb Muscle Activation Between Two Different Stances In A Tennis Forehand Drive: A Preliminary Study, Bruno Machado Pedro, Sílvia Cabral, Veloso António Jul 2024

Upper Limb Muscle Activation Between Two Different Stances In A Tennis Forehand Drive: A Preliminary Study, Bruno Machado Pedro, Sílvia Cabral, Veloso António

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare the electromyography (EMG) activity and ball velocity between one forehand drive performed in quasi-static stance (QSS) in the cross-court direction (CC) and one forehand drive performed with a dynamic frontal weight transfer stance (DS) in the inside-out direction and the ball velocity between both stances. The EMG activity was recorded in five muscles of the upper limb in one high-performance tennis player. Six forehand drives in QSS in the CC direction and six in the IO direction were selected for analysis. Results demonstrate a higher activation of most of the selected muscles …

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Concurrent Validity And Reliability Of In-Lab Markerless Motion Capture In Estimating Joint Kinematics In Baseball Pitching, Tyler Cardinale, Taylor La Salle, Arnel Aguinaldo Jul 2024

Concurrent Validity And Reliability Of In-Lab Markerless Motion Capture In Estimating Joint Kinematics In Baseball Pitching, Tyler Cardinale, Taylor La Salle, Arnel Aguinaldo

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Markerless motion capture systems allow for the estimation of 3D segmental pose of human movement without the encumbrance of makers. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the concurrent validity and reliability of baseball pitching kinematics estimated by an in-lab markerless motion capture system. This analysis is based of 100 pitches thrown by 18 collegiate baseball pitchers. Discrete kinematic variables varied in their equivalence and reliability between systems. Kinematic variables in the sagittal plane had more agreement between systems than variables in the transverse plane. Segment lengths were also comparable between systems. Although markerless technology provides ease of …

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Exploring The Attenuation Interaction Between Horse And Rider In Sitting Trot Using Inertial Measurement Units, Celeste Wilkins, Franky Mulloy, Valentina Camomilla Jul 2024

Exploring The Attenuation Interaction Between Horse And Rider In Sitting Trot Using Inertial Measurement Units, Celeste Wilkins, Franky Mulloy, Valentina Camomilla

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to explore how riders attenuate accelerations in sitting trot between their trunk and pelvis using IMUs. Fifteen female adult riders and their own horses were captured in sitting trot using IMUs affixed the rider’s trunk (approx. T12), and sacrum, and the horse’s girth. Horse-pelvis and trunk-pelvis attenuation were calculated from the resultant acceleration in the frequency domain. The root mean square of the horse’s acceleration per stride was averaged for the trial. Sensor fusion was performed to elicit rider pelvis and trunk pitch. Significant (pr2=-0.52) attenuation and trunk-pelvis attenuation and …

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Muscle Stiffness, Length And Range Of Motion Are Unchanged In Males And Females In Response To An Acute Bout Of Static Pectoral Stretching, Rebecca A. Franklin, Sarah Bohunicky, Shizhen Wang, Trisha D. Scribbans Jul 2024

Muscle Stiffness, Length And Range Of Motion Are Unchanged In Males And Females In Response To An Acute Bout Of Static Pectoral Stretching, Rebecca A. Franklin, Sarah Bohunicky, Shizhen Wang, Trisha D. Scribbans

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Stretching is common, yet little work has explored the influence of stretch intensity and sex differences in response to stretching. We investigated the acute effect of static pectoral stretching at two intensities (110 and 120%) on pectoralis minor length, horizontal abduction range of motion (HA-ROM), and pectoralis major and minor stiffness using shear wave elastography in males and females. Twenty-four participants (N=24, 12 female; age: 25±4.6) attended two sessions where they received three sets of a randomized stretch for 30s with 30s rest between. There were no differences in pectoralis minor length, HA-ROM, or pectoralis minor or major …

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Identification Of Potential Biomechanical Risk Factors For Running Overuse Injuries From A Prospective 4haie Study – Pilot Analyses, Jiri Skypala, Jan Plesek, Jan Urbaczka, Steriani Elavsky, Joseph Hamill, Daniel Jandacka Jul 2024

Identification Of Potential Biomechanical Risk Factors For Running Overuse Injuries From A Prospective 4haie Study – Pilot Analyses, Jiri Skypala, Jan Plesek, Jan Urbaczka, Steriani Elavsky, Joseph Hamill, Daniel Jandacka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The study aimed to identify potential biomechanical risk factors associated with the incidence of running overuse injuries. A total of 747 runners aged 18-65 participated in the study. Runners underwent running biomechanics at a self-selected speed. Subsequently, each runner underwent a one-year follow-up period, during which runners reported running overuse injuries through a weekly online questionnaire. Spatiotemporal distances and biomechanical variables of the right lower limb were analysed. Biomechanical variables were associated with the incidence of running overuse injuries using binary multivariable logistic regression. The incidence of running injuries after one year of observation was 28.9%. Incidence of running overuse …

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Analysis Of Proactive, Static And Dynamic Unipedal Balance In Young Gymnasts During Adolescence, Luis Arturo Gómez-Landero, Pureza Leal Del Ojo, Pablo Floria Jul 2024

Analysis Of Proactive, Static And Dynamic Unipedal Balance In Young Gymnasts During Adolescence, Luis Arturo Gómez-Landero, Pureza Leal Del Ojo, Pablo Floria

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of age in young acrobatic gymnasts on performance and asymmetry between lower limbs in proactive, static, and dynamic balance. 37 acrobatic gymnasts (31 females and 6 males) were divided in Early (EA, n=10), Middle (MA, n=16), and Late (EL, n=11) adolescence according to peak height velocity. Three types of unipedal balance tests were applied and normalised relative to participants height: Y-Balance Test, single leg stance test (centre of pressure measurements with a force platform), time to stabilization after single leg landing test. EA gymnasts had worse static balance compared to …

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The Relationship Between Foot Position In The Take-Off Phase And The Height Of The Jump Shot In Basketball, Sebastian Łubiński, Artur Struzik Jul 2024

The Relationship Between Foot Position In The Take-Off Phase And The Height Of The Jump Shot In Basketball, Sebastian Łubiński, Artur Struzik

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between foot position in the take-off phase and the height of the jump shot. The research was conducted on 20 professional basketball players. Each participant performed 9 jump shots on a force plate in laboratory conditions. Jump shots were performed from three different foot positions in random order: 3 from a dominant staggered stance, 3 from a parallel stance, and 3 from a cross-dominant staggered stance. The height of the jump shots from a parallel stance (0.44 ± 0.05 m) were significantly greater than from a dominant staggered stance (0.43 …

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Comparison Of Sprint Stride Kinematics Between Three Different Carbon Spikes – A Case Study, Roland Van Den Tillaar Jul 2024

Comparison Of Sprint Stride Kinematics Between Three Different Carbon Spikes – A Case Study, Roland Van Den Tillaar

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of three different carbon spikes that have different carbon plate and foam placement upon stride-by-stride kinematics during short and long sprints. An international leveled 400m (52.60 s) master athlete performed several 50 and 200m sprints, while wearing three different carbon spikes types in which stride kinematics and angular foot velocity were measured. The main findings were that in the 50m sprints with Puma spikes peak velocity and step frequency were lower with longer contact times than with the other spikes and during the 200m Saucony had a shorter average step …

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The Influence Of Different Implements On Kinematics And Kinetics Compared To Mens Javelin Throw, Hans-Peter Koehler, Maren Witt Jul 2024

The Influence Of Different Implements On Kinematics And Kinetics Compared To Mens Javelin Throw, Hans-Peter Koehler, Maren Witt

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of different throwing devices on the kinematics and kinetics of the throwing arm. Therefore, six experienced athletes threw six different implements (five balls, one javelin) with different masses. Retroreflective marker data were captured using a 12-camera infrared system. The results show significant differences between the implements, where lighter implements achieve higher release speeds. Furthermore, differences in the shoulder external rotation angle, the angular velocities of shoulder internal rotation and elbow extension, as well as the moments at the shoulder and elbow could be shown. It can be concluded that balls …

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Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Sports Bras During Treadmill Running Through Discrete And Continuous Measures Of Breast Kinematics, Nichola Renwick, Jonathan White, Brogan Jones, Joanna Wakefield-Scurr Jul 2024

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Sports Bras During Treadmill Running Through Discrete And Continuous Measures Of Breast Kinematics, Nichola Renwick, Jonathan White, Brogan Jones, Joanna Wakefield-Scurr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to compare discrete and continuous breast kinematics and assess their relationship with perceived breast pain and support. Breast motion was assessed as relative nipple position, velocity and acceleration for 36 females during treadmill running. Statistical parametric mapping identified where and for how long across the gait cycle sports bras were effective at reducing breast movement. Superior-inferior range of motion (r=0.86) was most closely associated with perceived breast support; breast pain was most closely associated with anterior-posterior peak (-) acceleration (r=0.7). Continuous analysis of breast movement can identify when in a gait cycle breast movement significantly differs between …

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Ankle Kinematics And Plantar Fasciitis In Runners: A One-Year Prospective 4haie Study, Jan Plesek, Jiri Skypala, Joseph Hamill, Julia Freedman-Silvernail, Jan Urbaczka, Steriani Elavsky, David Zahradnik, Jaroslav Uchytil, Daniel Jandacka Jul 2024

Ankle Kinematics And Plantar Fasciitis In Runners: A One-Year Prospective 4haie Study, Jan Plesek, Jiri Skypala, Joseph Hamill, Julia Freedman-Silvernail, Jan Urbaczka, Steriani Elavsky, David Zahradnik, Jaroslav Uchytil, Daniel Jandacka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this prospective study was to compare ankle kinematics between runners with and without plantar fasciitis (PF). We biomechanically analysed 719 runners (17 PF and 702 non-PF) using a 3-D motion capture system during overground running at their self-preferred speed. An independent t-test was performed to assess ankle kinematics during the stance phase of running (at initial contact, at maximum and range of motion). Runners with PF displayed abduction ankle angle approximately 3o lower than the non-injured runners at maximal adduction (P = 0.006; d = 0.68). In conclusion, it appears that a higher ankle abduction …

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Markerless Motion Capture With Opencap For Field-Based Jump Testing: A Force To Be Reckoned With?, Jasper Verheul, Mark A. Robinson, Sophie Burton Jul 2024

Markerless Motion Capture With Opencap For Field-Based Jump Testing: A Force To Be Reckoned With?, Jasper Verheul, Mark A. Robinson, Sophie Burton

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Field-based methods to assess external kinetics are essential for regular biomechanical monitoring. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of ground reaction forces (GRF) estimated from segmental kinematics, measured with a markerless motion-capture system (OpenCap) during jumping. Full-body segmental kinematics were recorded for fifteen athletes during countermovement, squat, and drop jumps, and used to estimate vertical GRFs with a mechanics-based method. Across jumps, bias and limits of agreement were acceptable (<15%) for 23 and 22 GRF variables, respectively. Within-athlete changes between arm-swing or leg-dominance conditions were adequately detected for multiple GRF variables. These findings show that a low-cost markerless motion-capture system (OpenCap) may be used to estimate and assess force variables of interest in field settings.

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Comparing Jump Height Estimated From A Virtual Reality Head-Mounted-Display And A Force Plate, Georg Teufl, Mark Simonlehner, Kerstin Prock, Brian Horsak Jul 2024

Comparing Jump Height Estimated From A Virtual Reality Head-Mounted-Display And A Force Plate, Georg Teufl, Mark Simonlehner, Kerstin Prock, Brian Horsak

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aims to determine the accuracy in measuring jump height by using a head-mounted display (HMD) compared to a force plate and a standard optical motion capture system. A total of 178 counter movement jumps were recorded. Results reveal a high correlation (r = 0.86) between HMD and force plate measurements, with a significant bias of 6.7 cm. Regarding the HMD’s spatial tracking ability, results demonstrated a very high correlation (r=0.99) and a minimal bias of 0.3 cm compared to motion capture. Our preliminary data suggest that varying head orientation during jumping potentially influence jump height measured via an …

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The Sexes Exhibited Similar Patterns Of Upper Trapezius Excitation Distribution At Rest And With Fatigue During Repeated Arm Elevation, Kara-Lyn Harrison, Rebecca Franklin, Melina Kaluzny, Trisha D. Scribbans Jul 2024

The Sexes Exhibited Similar Patterns Of Upper Trapezius Excitation Distribution At Rest And With Fatigue During Repeated Arm Elevation, Kara-Lyn Harrison, Rebecca Franklin, Melina Kaluzny, Trisha D. Scribbans

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Females experience more shoulder pathology compared to males, which is partly attributed to differences in muscle excitation between the sexes. We determined if upper trapezius (UT) excitation distribution differed at rested and fatigue at three tertiles of shoulder flexion. Twenty-eight participants completed a repeated arm elevation task to volitional fatigue while holding a load relative to 30% of their maximum isometric shoulder flexion force while high density electromyography was collected from the UT. Statistical parametric mapping t-tests between males and females excitation map for each tertile at rested and fatigue revealed that UT excitation differed in 168 pixels (~43% of …

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Inter-Individual Variability In Knee Kinematics During The Tennis Serve, Kaies Deghaies, Thibault Lussiana, Pierre Touzard, Loic Fourel, Simon Ozan, Cyrille Gindre, Benoit Bideau, Caroline Martin Jul 2024

Inter-Individual Variability In Knee Kinematics During The Tennis Serve, Kaies Deghaies, Thibault Lussiana, Pierre Touzard, Loic Fourel, Simon Ozan, Cyrille Gindre, Benoit Bideau, Caroline Martin

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to (1) evaluate inter-individual variability in knee kinematics during tennis serve among professional players and (2) investigate the relationships between these knee kinematics and indicators of serve performance. Twenty-three male ATP ranked players participated in this study. Their serve motion was captured using a marker-based motion capture system. The assessment of inter-individual variability was carried out via coefficient of variation (CV). Knee joint angle at maximum flexion and knee extension ROM for both knees are significantly and strongly correlated with ball impact height. This finding highlights the role of knee motion in serve performance. During the flexion …

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Joint Power Contributions During 90-Degrees Change Of Direction In Knees Following Meniscectomy, Chelsea Starbuck, Lee Herrington, Vanessa Walters, Bilal Barkatali, Richard Jones Jul 2024

Joint Power Contributions During 90-Degrees Change Of Direction In Knees Following Meniscectomy, Chelsea Starbuck, Lee Herrington, Vanessa Walters, Bilal Barkatali, Richard Jones

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomies (APM) are common following a traumatic meniscus injury and can result in long-term knee dysfunction. It is unclear how individuals distribute their lower limb loads during sporting movements. This study compared hip, knee, and ankle joint power contributions during a 90-degree change of direction (CoD) between APM limbs, contralateral limbs, and healthy individuals using kinematic and kinetic data. APM limbs had lower negative knee power contribution compared to contralateral limbs, with no differences in ankle and hip contributions. Compared to healthy limbs, APM limbs showed lower positive knee power contributions, greater hip power generation contributions, and slower …

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Changes In Total And Percent Distribution Of Joint Power In Distance Runners Over A Competitive Season, Alexis M. Arena, Riley Schemel, Isabella M. Vargas-Blanchard, Monique Mokha Jul 2024

Changes In Total And Percent Distribution Of Joint Power In Distance Runners Over A Competitive Season, Alexis M. Arena, Riley Schemel, Isabella M. Vargas-Blanchard, Monique Mokha

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to identify changes in joint power in distance runners over a competitive season. Thirteen cross-country runners (age, 19.8±2.2 yrs; height, 1.74±0.10 m; mass, 61.9±9.0 kg) from the same university team underwent 3D biomechanical gait analyses at the start and end of a seven-week competitive season. Total negative lower limb power did not change, p=0.641. Total positive power increased by 1.8 W/kg, but it was not significant, p=0.311. While negative joint power contributions shifted proximal to distal, these were not significant for ankle (p=0.404), knee (p=0.930), or hip ( …

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Influence Of Advanced Footwear Technology On Performance And Biomechanics During Mountain Running, Pedro Corbí-Santamaría, José Vicente García-Tormo, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Marina Gil Calvo, Miguel Corbí-Santamaría, Gabriel Protzen, Daniel Boullosa, Juan Garcia-Lopez Jul 2024

Influence Of Advanced Footwear Technology On Performance And Biomechanics During Mountain Running, Pedro Corbí-Santamaría, José Vicente García-Tormo, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Marina Gil Calvo, Miguel Corbí-Santamaría, Gabriel Protzen, Daniel Boullosa, Juan Garcia-Lopez

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the advanced footwear technology (AFT) on performance and biomechanics during mountain running. Twelve male mountain-runners performed two running time-trials over a 5.19 km mountain circuit (1.68 km uphill, 1.56 km downhill and 1.95 km mixed) using conventional (CON) and carbon fibre plate shoes (CFP) in a randomized order (i.e., CON-CPF and CFP-CON). Total time, heart rate, RPE and biomechanical variables were registered. The AFT did not affect performance, heart rate, RPE and running power, but increased contact time and step length, decreasing step frequency in the order CON-CFP, mainly …

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Standing Long Jump Power Estimation From Smartphone Imus, Beatrice De Lazzari, Giuseppe Vannozzi, Valentina Camomilla Jul 2024

Standing Long Jump Power Estimation From Smartphone Imus, Beatrice De Lazzari, Giuseppe Vannozzi, Valentina Camomilla

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to provide athletes/coaches with an easy-to-implement estimate of the power of standing long jump (SLJ), recognized as an indicator of the ability of lower limbs of exert power. To this aim, inertial sensors embedded in smartphones were used. A sample group of 150 trained young participants was recruited and asked to perform the SLJ task while holding the smartphone. A set of features was identified, based on biomechanical knowledge and literature, and then selected through Lasso regression to be feed as input of three different optimized machine learning architectures to estimate the SLJ power. …

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Saddle Perceived Comfort Of Competitive Women Road Cyclists, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Rodrigo Bini, Juan Garcia-Lopez Jul 2024

Saddle Perceived Comfort Of Competitive Women Road Cyclists, Alba Herrero-Molleda, Rodrigo Bini, Juan Garcia-Lopez

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to identify which are the most used saddle types by competitive women cyclists and their effect on perceived comfort. A comfort questionnaire was completed by 60 elite women cyclists that competed in the Road Cycling Cup, and a picture of their saddle was taken. The participants saddles were classified according to their design (i.e., women, men, and unisex saddles) and their dimensions were also obtained. Women road cyclists find women’s saddles more comfortable than men’s ones, being the women’s saddle the type most used by the participants. However, experienced cyclists use men’s saddles. In …

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Distal Joint Kinetics Are Associated With Shot Put Performance, Shogo Hashimoto, Tempei Tominaga, Keigo Ohyama Byun, Natsuki Sado Jul 2024

Distal Joint Kinetics Are Associated With Shot Put Performance, Shogo Hashimoto, Tempei Tominaga, Keigo Ohyama Byun, Natsuki Sado

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Shot put motion exhibits upper-limb “push type proximal-to-distal sequence”, which is a common motor task with the lower limb. In the lower limb, proximal muscle function is associated with motor performance. Here we show the strong correlation of the wrist torque and power with the flight distance in the motion of 13 male shot putters. For the shoulder, only the peak torque correlated with the flight distance, whereas for the elbow, flexion torque was exerted, and both torque and power did not correlate with the flight distance. We suggest that it is important for shot putters to strengthen both the …

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Alterations In Muscle Synergies In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis During Level- And Downhill Walking, Lasse Hansen, Jana Rogoschin, Igor Komnik, Wolfgang Potthast Jul 2024

Alterations In Muscle Synergies In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis During Level- And Downhill Walking, Lasse Hansen, Jana Rogoschin, Igor Komnik, Wolfgang Potthast

ISBS Proceedings Archive

In this study, the effects of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on muscle synergy composition during locomotion tasks were investigated. Utilizing non-negative matrix factorization on surface electromyography data from 37 participants, analyses of muscle synergies in both level walking and ramp descent in KOA patients and age-matched controls were conducted. It could be shown that KOA affects muscle synergies in the affected limb during level walking, where a merge of synergies during late swing and early stance phases is observed. A similar effect was observed in ramp descent for the affected and unaffected limb. In this study, the impact of KOA on …

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The Energy Transferred Between Lower-Body Segments By Successful And Less Successful Male Rugby Place Kickers, Alexandra C. Atack, Grant Trewartha, Neil Bezodis Jul 2024

The Energy Transferred Between Lower-Body Segments By Successful And Less Successful Male Rugby Place Kickers, Alexandra C. Atack, Grant Trewartha, Neil Bezodis

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to understand how energy is transferred during a rugby place kick and how it differs between successful and less successful kickers. Senior male kickers (n=33) performed maximal range place kicks which were analysed using 3D motion capture (240 Hz), enabling segment powers to be determined. Energy was transferred out of the support leg throughout the backswing and early downswing, adding to the energy at the pelvis, which was subsequently transferred out as the kick knee extended towards the ball. Kickers who were limited by range, transferred less energy out of the support leg and …

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Examining The Impact Of Approach And Exit Phase Strategies On Change Of Direction Performance: A Novel Methodology, Hamish G. Bull, Alexandra C. Atack, Grant Trewartha, Benjamin Priddle, Samuel J. Callaghan Jul 2024

Examining The Impact Of Approach And Exit Phase Strategies On Change Of Direction Performance: A Novel Methodology, Hamish G. Bull, Alexandra C. Atack, Grant Trewartha, Benjamin Priddle, Samuel J. Callaghan

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study used new insole pressure technology to examine how movement strategies during approach and exit phases affect change of direction (COD) times. Participants (n=26) wore NURVV smart insoles and performed 90˚ cuts off each leg (dominant [Dom] and non-dominant [ND]). Ground contact time (GCT), cadence, centre of pressure, and return to linear sprinting metrics were analysed for four steps about the cut-step. Faster cadence and a more forefoot strike pattern predicted 58% of the variance in Dom side COD ability. ND COD ability was predicted by a faster cadence immediately post-cut and a quicker GCT two steps before the …

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Opensim Full-Body Model For Athletes With A Running-Specific Below The Knee Prosthesis, Lukas Krämer, Marvin Zedler, Kai Heinrich, Wolfgang Potthast, Johannes Funken Jul 2024

Opensim Full-Body Model For Athletes With A Running-Specific Below The Knee Prosthesis, Lukas Krämer, Marvin Zedler, Kai Heinrich, Wolfgang Potthast, Johannes Funken

ISBS Proceedings Archive

To date, there is no comprehensive open-source tool to provide movement analysis of athletes using a running-specific prosthesis (RSP) with a below the knee amputation (BKA) to enable the calculation of corresponding inverse kinematics and dynamics. A combination of physical measurements, 2D imagery, 3D motion capture data and geometrical calculations were used to create a musculoskeletal full-body OpenSim model with subject-specific BKA structures. The model was able to reproduce athlete’s joint angles and joint moments of the lower extremities while allowing for movement comparison to non-amputee athletes. The model provides a motion analysis tool for athletes with a RSP in …

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Bicep Femoris Muscle States Prior To And During A Hamstring Strain Injury Whilst Sprinting, Kevin Wallbank, Carlie Ede, Glen Blenkinsop, Sam Allen Jul 2024

Bicep Femoris Muscle States Prior To And During A Hamstring Strain Injury Whilst Sprinting, Kevin Wallbank, Carlie Ede, Glen Blenkinsop, Sam Allen

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Kinematic and kinetic data from a maximal velocity sprint trial resulting in a hamstring strain injury was analysed using a forward dynamics musculoskeletal model solved using direct collocation (OpenSim Moco) to assess muscle fibre states of the bicep femoris long head (BFlh) muscle during the swing phase. During the injury trial, the BFlh showed greater peak fibre lengths, similar peak fibre force, velocity and power, but less negative work compared to submaximal speeds. Accumulation of muscle tissue damage from previous steps and prior submaximal sprints due to the eccentric demand on the muscle could have resulted in the BFlh failing …

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The Influence Of Noise In Angular Kinematics On The Transformation Of Linear Acceleration Between Accelerometer Coordinate Frames, Erwan Izri, Neil Bezodis, Mark Waldron, Chris Jones, Liam Kilduff, Rowan Brown Jul 2024

The Influence Of Noise In Angular Kinematics On The Transformation Of Linear Acceleration Between Accelerometer Coordinate Frames, Erwan Izri, Neil Bezodis, Mark Waldron, Chris Jones, Liam Kilduff, Rowan Brown

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Linear accelerations measured by instrumented mouthguards (iMG) are transformed to a common reference frame. To investigate the influence of signal noise on this transformation using ground truth measurements, this study transformed linear accelerations measured by an Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD) to the iMG frame. Noise was incrementally added to ATD angular velocity signals across 81 impacts. Agreement was quantified between ATD ground truth versus noisy angular velocity, angular acceleration and transformed linear acceleration signals. Angular velocity noise as low as 0.265 rad/s led to errors exceeding 10%, highlighting the transform’s sensitivity to angular kinematics. The findings highlight potential difficulties in …

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