Digital Commons Network^™

The De Winter Pattern In A Single Precordial Lead Caused By High-Grade Stenosis Of The Proximal Left Anterior Descending Artery With Plaque Rupture: A Case Report, Zhizhou Song, Yuehong Huo, Qi Wu, Xinjian Yu, Youdong Yang, Zejun Meng, Xia Li

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The de Winter electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern indicates severe stenosis or occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). We present a 72-year-old female with 1.5-h chest pain. Angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed 90 % LAD stenosis with plaque rupture, but no ST-segment elevation in the precordial leads. The de Winter pattern, characterized by upsloping ST-segment depression in V1-V6, appeared only in lead V2. Following successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the de Winter pattern disappeared. This case underscores the significance of the de Winter pattern in one precordial lead, necessitating prompt angiography and PCI for improved patient outcomes.

Concordia Seminary Magazine Summer 2024, Vicki Biggs

Concordia Seminary Magazine

Joy Beyond Measure

Housing Instability Patterns Among Low-Income, Urban Black Young Adults In California And Associations With Mental Health Outcomes: Baseline Data From A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial, Michelle K. Nakphong, D. Jovon Bright, Ala Koreitem, A. Rain Mocello, Nadra E. Lisha, Hannah H. Leslie, Itzel Estrada, Margaret K. Libby, Sheri A. Lippman, Marguerita A. Lightfoot

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Deep-rooted racial residential segregation and housing discrimination have given rise to housing disparities among low-income Black young adults in the US. Most studies have focused on single dimensions of housing instability, and thus provide a partial view of how Black young adults experience multiple, and perhaps overlapping, experiences of housing instability including homelessness, frequent moves, unaffordability, or evictions. We aimed to illuminate the multiple forms of housing instability that Black young adults contend with and examine relationships between housing instability and mental health outcomes.

Methods: Using baseline data from the Black Economic Equity Movement (BEEM) guaranteed income trial with …

Clinician Actions In Response To Adverse Childhood Experience (Ace) Screening, J. Scott Ashwood, Nipher Malika, Stephanie Williamson, Charles Engel, Edward Machtinger, Nina Thompson, Amy Shekarchi, Shannon Thyne, Brigid Mccaw, Marguerita Lightfoot, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background and Objective: Adverse Childhood Experiences(ACEs) have a powerful influence on mental health, physical health, and life expectancy. Screening for ACEs and the clinician response to ACEs are critical to addressing the health and well-being of children; however, little is known about the actions clinicians take in response to ACE screening. Therefore, we aimed to examine clinician responses to ACE screening at five California pediatric clinics in a large public health care system. Methods: Patient demographics, indicators of social and behavioral determinants of health (e.g., housing insecurity), the number of ACEs endorsed on a screening instrument, and the actions clinicians …

A Multimodal Residual Spatial-Temporal Fusion Model Based On Automatic Sleep Classification, Yecai Guo, Shuang Tong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Highly accurate sleep staging plays a crucial role in correctly assessing sleep conditions. Aiming at the problem that the existing convolutional network cannot obtain the topological characteristics of physiological signals, a sleep staging algorithm based on multi-modal residual spatio-temporal fusion is proposed. Time-frequency images and spatio-temporal images are obtained using short-time Fourier transform and adaptive map convolution, which are converted into high-dimensional feature vectors; lightweight interaction of feature information flow is realized through time-frequency feature and spatiotemporal feature extraction modules; the feature enhancement fusion module fuses feature information to outputs sleep staging results. The results show that the model …

Everyday Postsocialism In Eastern Europe: History Doesn't Travel In One Direction, Jill Massino, Markus Wien

Central European Studies

The collapse of state socialism ushered in dramatic political and economic change, producing new freedoms and opportunities, but also new challenges and disappointments. Focusing on laborers, professionals, youth, women, sexual minorities, foreign students, and emigrants, Everyday Postsocialism in Eastern Europe explores these multifaceted changes and people’s varied experiences of them. The featured narratives complicate hegemonic representations of transformation, revealing ruptures and continuities, progress and reversals. Highlighting the multi-directionality of change over the last thirty years, the book reappraises 1989 as an epochal event for all.

Modeling And Simulation Of Pipeline Cable Inspection Robot Based On Omnidirectional Wheel, Chao Yuan, Yao Zhang, Yadong Zhao, Dawei Xu, Jing Yuan, Yongjie Zhai

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the inner space of underground pipeline cable is narrow and closed, which cannot be inspected by humans, and the existing pipeline robot cannot adapt to the special environment of pipeline cable, a miniaturized, compact pipeline cable inspection robot is designed. This robot is capable of operating within the underground pipeline where cables have already been laid to inspect the inner wall of the pipeline and the working condition of the cables. According to the requirements of the working conditions, the whole three-dimensional model of the robot has been established. The mapping relationship between the …

Safety And Efficacy Of Minimally Invasive Posterior Cervical Fusion: A Single Center, Single Surgeon Retrospective Review, George A. Crabill, Kaleb Derouen, Kierany B. Shelvin, John M. Wilson, Gabriel C. Tender

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Standard posterior cervical fusion is a common surgical technique that utilizes lateral mass screws and rods for fixation. A relatively new, minimally invasive technique involving interfacet decortication and placement of spacers has shown promise in terms of outcomes. We sought to determine fusion rates and complications of this new technique at our institution to bolster current literature. We retrospectively reviewed all patients that underwent a 3-level or less minimally invasive posterior cervical fusions by a single surgeon. Patients were evaluated to determine fusion rates and postoperative complications. Twenty-eight patients underwent minimally invasive posterior cervical fusion. Twenty-seven demonstrated fusion (96%). One …

Knee Osteoarthritis: Disease Burden, Available Treatments, And Emerging Options, Michael Langworthy, Vinod Dasa, Andrew I. Spitzer

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent condition that affects nearly 528 million people worldwide, including 23% of the global population aged ⩾40, and is characterized by progressive damage to articular cartilage, which often leads to substantial pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility for affected patients. Pain related to OA is a barrier to maintaining physical activity and a leading cause of disability, accounting for 2.4% of all years lived with disability globally, reducing the ability to work in 66% of US patients with OA and increasing absenteeism in 21% of US patients with OA. The joint most commonly involved in OA is …

Adaptation And Validation Of The Moroccan Dialect Version Of The Nomophobia Questionnaire (Nmp-Q): Among University Students, Hicham Khabbache, Driss Ait Ali, Abdelhalim Cherqui, Abdelaziz Allioui, Zakaria Abidli, Joumana Elturk, Murat Yildirim, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Gabriella Nucera, Lukasz Szarpak, Amelia Rizzo, Francesco Chirico

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The fear of being without a mobile phone, known as nomophobia, is a new psychological issue that has arisen with the widespread use of information and communication technologies. To understand this phenomenon, more research is needed. The present study aimed to assess the factor structure of the Moroccan dialect version of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) among a sample of Moroccan university students. The study included 400 students selected by convenience sampling from two universities (Fez and Rabat). First, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using the principal component method with Varimax rotation. Then, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and …

Phototaxis Is A Satiety-Dependent Behavioral Sequence In Hydra Vulgaris, Soonyoung Kim, Krishna N Badhiwala, Guillaume Duret, Jacob T Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Understanding how internal states such as satiety are connected to animal behavior is a fundamental question in neuroscience. Hydra vulgaris, a freshwater cnidarian with only 12 neuronal cell types, serves as a tractable model system for studying state-dependent behaviors. We found that starved hydras consistently move towards light, while fed hydras do not. By modeling this behavior as a set of three sequences of head orientation, jump distance and jump rate, we demonstrate that the satiety state only affects the rate of the animal jumping to a new position, while the orientation and jump distance are unaffected. These findings yield …

Investigating The Use Of Lesson Study As A Professional Development Model For 4-H Educators At 1890 Land Grant Universities, Cynthia Pierfax, Travella Free, Tiffany Franklin, Manola Erby, Lynn Schmitt-Mcquitty, C L. Meehan, Martin H. Smith

Journal of Extension

There is a defined need to provide accessible and effective professional development for 4-H educators. Lesson study is a Community of Practice-based approach to educator professional development. Prior research has shown lesson study to be effective with 4-H staff, adult volunteers, and teen volunteers. This inquiry, a multi-site case study, was designed to investigate the application of lesson study in authentic contexts with 4-H county agents from 1890 land-grant universities. Quantitative and qualitative measures revealed improved preparedness, participation, and camaraderie among participating educators. Other benefits to participants included improved lesson planning and implementation.

2024 Latinx Heritage Month, Illinois State University, Latin American And Latino/A Studies Program

Latinx Heritage Month Posters

Schedule of events for Illinois State University's Latinx Heritage Month celebration

A Comparative Study Of The Female Character As The ‘Other’ In Doris Lessing’S The Fifth Child And Belgheis Soleimani’S Khale Bazi, Ahmad Gholi, Fatemeh Dargahi Kafshgarkolaie

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

Abstract

This study tries to explore and examine two female characters from different cultural contexts in terms of the women’s issue which is never bound to geography, culture, race, or nationality. This study attempts to compare Belgheis Soleimani’s Khale Bazi and Doris Lessing’s The Fifth Child in the light of Butler's concept of “performativity.” Leaning toward the theory of “performativity”, it is revealed how human beings are being shackled by gender binaries, gender norms, and heterosexual hegemony. Each individual is born within such limitations and is raised in a way to reproduce them in a cyclical pattern to guarantee heterosexuality. …

An Application Of The Sustainable Transformational Leadership Dimensions On Teacher’S Performance: A Social Network Analysis, Aymen Al Qaradaghi, Razan Kerkukli, Riazuddin Ahmed

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

Teacher’s performance is one of the arguable issues in the organization. Sustainable Transformational leadership and its dimensions play a big role to change the nature of teacher’s performance in the organization. In this study, sustainable transformational leadership dimensions were discussed and examined through social network analysis SNA as a tool to analyze and understand results. Data collection were conducted and 30 respondents participated in the questionnaire. Organizations are educational sectors and they are 3 organizations and mentioned as symbols in the study. This study, shows that both sustainable occupational training SOT and sustainable social training SST as dimensions of sustainable …

The Effect Of A Counseling Program Using Cognitive Reconstruction Style For Development Cognitive Flexibility For Secondary School Students, Jabbar Their Jabbar

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

:The present research aims to find out the effect of a counseling program using cognitive reconstruction style for development cognitive flexibility among Student sat Preparatory Stage, The researcher built the cognitive flexibility scale consisting of (30) items , then the researcher extracted the statistical characteristics of the scale. It was concluded that all items of the scale have a statistically significant differences and correlation. The validity and reliability of the scale were approved as the reliability coefficient by the test and retest method was (0.80), and the reliability value by the Cronbach’s alpha method was (0.77). The scale consisted of …

Academic Narcissistic Entitlement Among Female Kindergarten Students And Its Relationship To Impression Management, Marwah Kareem Naser

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

The research problem crystallizes around one of the personality types represented by the narcissistic personality, which prompted the researcher to raise the following question: What is the academic narcissistic entitlement among female kindergarten students and its relationship to impression management? Therefore, two objectives were identified to verify the research procedures, which are as follows: 1- Identifying the academic narcissistic entitlement among female students in the kindergarten department and its relationship to impression management. 2- Measuring the relationship between the narcissistic personality of kindergarten students and impression management. Since the current research aims to reveal academic narcissistic entitlement among female students …

Longitudinal Intravascular Antibody Labeling Identified Regulatory T Cell Recruitment As A Therapeutic Target In A Mouse Model Of Lung Cancer, Sean-Luc Shanahan, Nikesh Kunder, Charles Inaku, Natalie B Hagan, Grace Gibbons, Nicolas Mathey-Andrews, Gayathri Anandappa, Shawn Soares, Kristen E Pauken, Tyler Jacks, Jason M Schenkel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Anticancer immunity is predicated on leukocyte migration into tumors. Once recruited, leukocytes undergo substantial reprogramming to adapt to the tumor microenvironment. A major challenge in the field is distinguishing recently recruited from resident leukocytes in tumors. In this study, we developed an intravascular Ab technique to label circulating mouse leukocytes before they migrate to tissues, providing unprecedented insight into the kinetics of recruitment. This approach unveiled the substantial role of leukocyte migration in tumor progression using a preclinical mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), critical mediators of immunosuppression, were continuously and rapidly recruited into tumors throughout cancer …

Loss Of Hd-Ptp Function Results In Lipodystrophy, Defective Cellular Signaling And Altered Lipid Homeostasis, Destiny F Schultz, Brian A Davies, Johanna A Payne, Cole P Martin, Annabel Y Minard, Bennett G Childs, Cheng Zhang, Karthik B Jeganathan, Ines Sturmlechner, Thomas A White, Alain De Bruin, Liesbeth Harkema, Huiqin Chen, Michael A Davies, Sarah Jachim, Nathan K Lebrasseur, Robert C Piper, Hu Li, Darren J Baker, Jan Van Deursen, Daniel D Billadeau, David J Katzmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

His domain protein tyrosine phosphatase (HD-PTP; also known as PTPN23) facilitates function of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) during multivesicular body (MVB) formation. To uncover its role in physiological homeostasis, embryonic lethality caused by a complete lack of HD-PTP was bypassed through generation of hypomorphic mice expressing reduced protein, resulting in animals that are viable into adulthood. These mice exhibited marked lipodystrophy and decreased receptor-mediated signaling within white adipose tissue (WAT), involving multiple prominent pathways including RAS/MAPK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), such as EGFR. EGFR signaling was dissected in vitro to assess the …

Current Challenges In South Africa’S In Higher Education Sector: A Literature Review, Victor H. Mlambo, Siphesihle Mpanza

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

This paper examines the current problems in South Africa's higher education sector. It argues that even though there has been a considerable increase in the number of enrollments in South Africa's higher education institutions since 1994, this increase has led to considerable problems, which, unless addressed, will threaten the quality of South Africa's higher education output. The paper employs the human capital theory to explain why higher education is essential and why South Africa has put it at the centre of its need for inclusive development. A narrative literature review examined the current challenges in South Africa's higher education sector. …

The Necessity Of Online And Distance Learning In Higher Education Institutions Due To The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hisham Jadallah Mansour Shakhatreh

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

Higher education institutions throughout the world are ceasing to hold in-person classes as worries about the COVID-19 outbreak and efforts to contain the virus rise. The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed hitherto unidentified weaknesses in global educational systems. It is obvious that society needs adaptable and strong educational institutions to deal with uncertain futures. Using a meta-analysis approach, this study looked at pertinent literature to understand the importance of continuous learning under these particular circumstances.Universities all across the world are moving more and more toward online learning, or e-learning, according to research. In addition to resources and people, research indicates that …

Brown V. Board Of Education: Enduring Caste And American Betrayal, Sheryll Cashin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This article reflects on the role of residential caste in reproducing school segregation and how the Supreme Court betrays the equality principles of Brown by applying a colorblind constitutionalism that renders so-called de facto residential caste, and subsequent school segregation, acceptable.

During the seven-decade Great Migration of the 20^th century, northern cities deployed policies to create an architecture of inequality in which African Americans and white Americans did not live in the same neighborhoods. While the Fair Housing Act of 1968 rendered intentional discrimination in housing markets illegal, and the Court also ruled against forms of intentional housing discrimination, …

Biochar And Biosorbents Derived From Biomass For Arsenic Remediation, Gaurav Sharma, Yaksha Verma, Chin Wei Lai, Mu Naushad, Jibran Iqbal, Amit Kumar, Pooja Dhiman

All Works

Global groundwater contamination by Arsenic (As) presents a grave danger to the health of living beings and wildlife, demanding comprehensive remediation strategies. This review delves into the complex landscape of arsenic remediation, encompassing its chemical forms, occurrences, sources, and associated health risks. Advanced techniques, notably biomass-derived adsorbents, emerge as promising and cost-effective solutions. The exploration spans preparing and modifying biomass-derived adsorbents, unraveling their adsorption capacity, influencing factors, isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Noteworthy attention is given to plant-agricultural waste, algal-fungal-bacterial, and iron-modified biomass-derived adsorbents. The comprehensive discussion of the adsorption mechanism highlights the efficacy of low-cost biomass, particularly from plant, animal, …

Innovative Use Of Google-Blogs To Overcome Socioeconomic And Technological Barriers In Pakistan: Link-List Gadgets As Digital Libraries., Zameer Hussain Baladi, Syed Razi Muhammad

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction: Access to educational and a research material has always been a challenge in a socio-economically challenged country like Pakistan, due to lack of financial resources, unavailability of electricity, and slow internet speeds. The use of Google blogs has promoted a new and innovative way, through which users can easily access knowledge content. This research sheds light on the creation and usefulness of digital libraries through the use of Google blogs and their link list gadgets.

Methods: Google is an international technology corporation that provides dozens of services, including Blogger. Blogger provides 25 modules or gadgets that offer …

Organizing And The Revitalization Of American Catholicism, Richard L. Wood

Sociology Faculty and Staff Publications

American Catholicism today struggles to sustain its longtime character as a truly “public religion”—that is, a religious tradition with a vital presence within the public sphere in the US. Reinvigorating Catholicism in the US will require both internal renewal and new approaches to public life, both of which will require continuity with the deep tradition and significant reorientation of ecclesial dynamics. This paper argues that specific, faith-based community-organizing practices can help renew the public voice of Catholicism. In adopting such practices and inflecting them through Catholic commitment to theologically coherent processes of leadership formation, American Catholicism can reinvigorate parish life …

على دقة أداء مهارة حائط الصد في الكرة الطائرة تأثير استخدام تمرينات Read And React, Mahmoud Hussien Yacoub, Mazin Rizq Hatamleh, Nisrein Jamil Alshawabkeh

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى تأثير استخدام تمرينات (read & react) على دقة أداء مهارة حائط الصد في الكرة الطائرة. تم استخدام المنهج التجريبي على عينة من (24) لاعبا من لاعبي الكرة الطائرة في جامعة اليرموك، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية، وتم تقسيمهم لمجموعتين متكافئتين. تم تطبيق البرنامج التدريبي لكلا المجموعتين الضابطة والتجريبية لمدة ثمانية أسابيع، وبمعدل ثلاثة لقاءات أسبوعيًا، وتم جمع البيانات من خلال ثلاثة اختبارات، اختبارين لقياس سرعة الاستجابة الحركية للاعبين باستخدام جهاز Dynavision D2، بينما تم قياس دقة أداء مهارة حائط الصد في الاختبار الثالث. وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام المتوسطات الحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية والتكرار ودرجات الحرية، و(test–Re-test)، وPaired Samples …

دور مرشدي المدارس الأردنية في الحد من ظاهرة التنمر في المدارس الحكومية في لواء ناعور والعقبات التي تواجههم من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور, Nahla Jaf'er Banat

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدفت الدراسة التعرف على دور مرشدي المدارس الأردنية في الحد من ظاهرة التنمر في المدارس الحكومية في لواء ناعور، والعقبات التي تواجههم من وجهة نظر أولياء الأمور، وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي من خلال أداتها البحثية (الاستبانة)، حيث طبقت على عينة من أولياء أمور طلبة المدارس الثانوية في لواء ناعور في محافظة العاصمة عمان، حيث شملت العينة (360 ولي أمر)، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية، وتوصلت الدراسة بناء على أسئلتها إلى أن أولياء الأمور يرون أن دور مرشدي المدارس يتم بدرجة متوسطة، حيث بلغ المتوسط الحسابي الكلي (3.45)، ونسبة مئوية (69.04%)، وتشير النتائج أيضا إلى أن أولياء الأمور يرون أن …

جاهزية المدارس الأردنية لتعزيز الهوية الوطنية لدى الطلبة في ظل العولمة (دراسة ميدانية من وجهة نظر معلمات مدارس مديرية تربية لواء القويسمة), Aida Ali Ahmad Al-Hunaty

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدفت الدراسة التحقق من جاهزية المدارس الأردنية لتعزيز الهوية الوطنية لدى الطلبة في ظل العولمة من وجهة نظر معلمات مدارس مديرية تربية لواء القويسمة. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وتكوّنت عينة الدراسة من (308) معلمات تمّ اختيارهن بالطريقة العشوائية الطبقية من مدارس مديرية تربية لواء القويسمة. وتم توزيع أداة الدراسة عليهن إلكترونياً، والتي تضمنت (25) فقرة تقيس جاهزية المدارس الأردنية لتعزيز الهوية الوطنية لدى الطلبة في ظل العولمة ضمن ثلاثة مجالات (المقررات المدرسية، الأنشطة اللامنهجية، الإدارة المدرسية). وتوصلت الدراسة إلى وجود دور مرتفع للمقررات الدراسية في تعزيز الهوية الوطنية لدى الطلبة في ظل العولمة، ووجود دور متوسط …

العلاقة بين سلبيات استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي على طلبة كلية التربية الرياضية في جامعة اليرموك ودور الأنشطة الرياضية في الحد منها, M|Ohammad Khaled Abu Al-Fahm, Khaled Mahmoud Alzyoud

Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للبحوث في التعليم العالي

هدفت الدراسة الكشف عن العلاقة بين سلبيات استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي على طلبة كلية التربية الرياضية في جامعة اليرموك ودور الأنشطة الرياضية في الحد منها، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، من خلال تطبيق أداة الدراسة (الاستبانة) على عينة مكونة (323) طالباً وطالبة. أظهرت النتائج عن وجود علاقة ارتباطيه عكسية الاتجاه بين الاستخدام السلبي لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي وبين ممارسة الأنشطة الرياضية، وأن استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لها اثأر سلبية على النواحي الصحية والأخلاقية والثقافية والاجتماعية والنفسية، وكشفت كذلك النتائج عن دور مهم للأنشطة الرياضية وممارستها في الحد وحماية الإفراد من سلبيات استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. وأوصت الدراسة بعقد الندوات والمحاضرات التي …

Self-Advocacy For Our Struggling Learners - What Does That Look Like In The College Classroom?, Ronen Sebag

Empowering Teaching Excellence Conference

Students who struggle academically in high school, typically struggle with executive functioning skills. This is particularly the case for students who are identified with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and with mental health struggles like depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Many struggling learners typically who struggle with executive functioning in general, specifically struggle with self-advocacy, flexibility, and planning, and follow through skills. And these students also often carry with them these struggles from the high school experience into the college experience. This presentation has two objectives: 1) To describe the importance of fostering self-advocacy with struggling …