Digital Commons Network^™

Accessing Facility Electronic Health Record For Payer Utilization Review Review, Betsey Denton

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

PURPOSE The purpose of this project was to improve the prior authorization process for payer, provider, and patients by reducing the number of medical necessity denials, peer-to-peer calls, appeals, and increasing payer and provider satisfaction.

BACKGROUND A literature review indicated opportunities for improvement in prior authorization processes. Medical necessity denials are issued by payer if clinical documentation is not available for review. Implementation setting was a large academic medical center. Studied populations included patients who are members of a large Medicaid HMO health plan, payer utilization review registered nurses (RN), and hospital utilization review staff. METHODOLOGY Payer RNs began utilizing …

2025-2026 Graduate Catalog, Morehead State University. Registrar's Office.

Morehead State Catalog Archive

2025-2026 graduate catalog for Morehead State University.

2025-2026 Undergraduate Catalog, Morehead State University. Registrar's Office.

Morehead State Catalog Archive

2025-2026 undergraduate catalog for Morehead State University.

Aadej Comm 11 1 2025

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the Journal of the American Association of Dental Editors. It is published quarterly and distributed digitally via email to members and posted on the Association’s website aadej.org.

This inaugural issue of 2025 for The Communicator, the official publication of the American Association of Dental Editors & Journalists (AADEJ), sets a forward-looking tone for dental journalism. It prominently features crucial topics such as expanding circulation and archiving publications through ADA Commons, a comprehensive guide to copyright law for protecting journalistic work, and an in-depth analysis of Generative AI's impact and ethical considerations in dentistry. The issue also serves …

And The Word Of The Year Is…, Daniel L. Orr Ii, Dds, Ms, Ph.D., Jd, Md

AADEJ - The Communicator

This issue’s editorial explores three popular word-related websites for writers and editors: WordDaily, Word Smarts, and Dictionary.com. WordDaily offers quick definitions and origins without distractions. Word Smarts is described as a site for writers to delve into grammar and obscure punctuation, aiming to make learning fun, and it has previously published articles on topics like the Oxford comma. Dictionary.com, the site the author has used the longest, provides comprehensive content including definitions, pronunciations, etymologies, and Latin derivations, and also publishes a "Word of the Year". For 2024, Dictionary.com's Word of the Year is "demure," chosen due to a 1,200% increase …

Safeguarding Our Literature, Christopher J. Smiley

AADEJ - The Communicator

AADEJ President Chris Smiley draws a parallel between his personal experience of a well-intentioned but chaotic "stealth cleaning campaign" of his study by his wife, which left him unable to locate important documents, and the systematic scrubbing of freely available resources by federal agencies. He highlights concerns that politically driven directives are restricting information dissemination, citing examples from the CDC and USDA related to terms like "evidence-based," "science-based," and climate change, as well as vital health topics. The article quotes the British Medical Journal's strong condemnation of such actions, calling it "absurd" and "egregious" to erase medically relevant terminology. Smiley …

Copyright Law And The Importance Of Protecting Your Publication, Cameron A. Cameron A. Parks Esq.

AADEJ - The Communicator

This piece provides an overview of copyright law as a crucial form of intellectual property protection in journalism and publishing. It explains that copyright automatically arises when an original work is fixed in a tangible form. While registration with the U.S. Copyright Office is not required, it offers stronger protection, the ability to sue for infringement, and statutory damages. The article outlines copyright terms (life of author plus 70 years, or 95/120 years for works made for hire) and notes that facts alone are not copyrightable, but the unique text style, sequence, and original photographs can be protected. It emphasizes …

2024 Aadej-Adea Gies Foundation Editorial Award - Third Place: Gen Ai, Marisa Watanabe Dds, Ms, Ficd

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article is featured as a recipient of a 2024 AADEJ-ADEAGies Foundation Editorial Award. It explores the growing presence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in everyday life and its specific implications for dentistry. While AI shows great promise in improving diagnostic accuracy in dentistry, the author cautions that it is not without limitations and potential mistakes, such as overfitting, lack of contextual information, limited data diversity, false positives/negatives, inadequate training data, and sensitivity to image quality. The piece stresses that AI should augment, not replace, dental professionals, serving as a supportive aid rather than a definitive diagnostic tool. Key benefits …

Aadej Comm 11 2 2025

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicatoris the journal of the American Association of Dental Editors. It is published quarterly and distributed digitally via email to members and posted on the Association’s website aadej.org.

This issue of The Communicator continues its focus on the evolving landscape of dental journalism, offering insightful perspectives for editors and communicators. A major highlight is the celebration of the over 50-year partnership between AADEJ and the International College of Dentists (ICD), emphasizing their joint efforts and the forthcoming shared Annual Meeting and awards reception in San Diego. The publication delves into the critical concept of professional and publication standards, …

Shakespeare’S Skull, Daniel L. Orr Ii, Dds, Ms, Ph.D., Jd, Md

AADEJ - The Communicator

This editorial discusses the long-standing rumor that William Shakespeare's skull was stolen from his grave. An anonymous story from 1879, initially dismissed as fiction, gained new attention in 2016 during the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare's death. A 2016 British Broadcasting Company (BBC) production documented findings from Staffordshire University's study using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) on Shakespeare's grave at Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon. The archaeologist Kevin Colls from Staffordshire University concluded that Shakespeare's remains are indeed in the grave, "not counting the cranio-maxillofacial components," suggesting the skull may be missing. Despite these findings, the Vicar of Holy Trinity has stated that …

Aadej — Keeping Pace With New Challenges And Evolving Technologies, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde

AADEJ - The Communicator

Associate Editor Mali Schantz-Feld discusses the evolving responsibilities of dental journal editors, who must navigate not only dental topics but also broader non-dental trends and technological advancements. She highlights how new communication methods, such as teledentistry, social media, and online reviews, have become imperative for dental practices and, by extension, for dental publishing. Referencing Dr. J. Tim Wright's editorial on "Critical Challenges Facing Dentistry," Schantz-Feld notes that emerging technologies like AI, while challenging to adopt, also present opportunities to improve patient data analysis, diagnostics, and workflow efficiency. She asserts that AADEJ is dedicated to providing relevant information, continuing education (CE), …

Some Thoughts On Standards, Edward M. Feinberg Dmd

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article defines "standards" as benchmarks for quality and achievement, explaining their importance in assuring quality, enhancing safety, ensuring consistency, fostering innovation, and adapting to new needs. It emphasizes that dental professionals are expected to maintain high ethical conduct, skillful performance, and continuous education. The concept of the "Standard of Care" in dentistry is explored as a nuanced area, generally defined as the care and skill expected of a reasonably competent dentist in similar circumstances, which evolves with advancements. The article also addresses standards for dental publications, requiring originality, fair use of images, and honest data. The author shares observations …

2024 Aadej-Adea Gies Foundation Editorial Award- Second Place: The Human Role In Artificial Intelligence, Christopher J. Smiley

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article is featured as a recipient of a 2024 AADEJ-ADEA Gies Foundation Editorial Award. It addresses concerns about Artificial Intelligence (AI) in dentistry, particularly the warning from technology researchers regarding "profound risks to society and humanity" due to advanced AI systems. The author argues that the conversation should focus on AI's potential and, more critically, the essential role humans play in its successful adoption, rather than fears of machines taking over. A main risk identified is blind reliance on AI recommendations, which can lead to a loss of critical thinking, misdiagnosis, or inappropriate treatment decisions. Therefore, focused human oversight …

Aadej And Icd Usa Section — Together For Over 50 Years!, Elaine C. Wagner Dds

AADEJ - The Communicator

With a new-found collaboration of our annual meetings in 2025, we celebrate more than 50-year partnership between the International College of Dentists (ICD) USA Section and the American Association of Dental Editors & Journalists (AADEJ). It highlights that both organizations are composed of individuals passionate about their respective missions: ICD Fellows focus on serving the underserved and improving global oral health, while AADEJ is dedicated to enhancing communication and elevating standards in dental journalism. The collaboration has stood the test of time, and for the first time, their Annual Meetings in 2025 will be held together at the Manchester Grand …

Michigan Dental Association Provides Leadership In Dental Journalism, David Foe

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article details the Michigan Dental Association (MDA)'s new funding program to support component editors in attending the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ) annual conference. Recognizing the importance of quality dental journalism, the MDA offers up to $1,500 per attendee, covering significant costs for professional development. This initiative, a $15,000 investment for up to 10 attendees, aims to enhance member communications through skilled editors who create informative and engaging content. Benefits include practical training in copy editing, layout, e-communications, legal aspects, and writing, particularly for dentist-editors lacking formal journalism training. The program also fosters valuable networking opportunities, …

Reflections On The Detlef Moore Scholarship, Arjun Patel

AADEJ - The Communicator

The inaugural recipient of the Detlef Moore Scholarship provides a student perspective on the impact of the AADEJ annual conference. The Arjun Patel, a student at the University of Louisville School of Dentistry, describes how the experience shifted his view of dental journalism from mere research reporting to a tool for fostering community and patient care. Key takeaways for the 2025 scholarship winner included the practical application of plain language in scientific writing and the ethical integration of AI tools for academic writing.  The inaugural recipient of the Detlef Moore Scholarship provides a student perspective on the impact of the …

A Practical Guide To Digital Publishing, Katherine Fiorillo Ma

AADEJ - The Communicator

In this feature, Katherine Fiorillo, Senior Editor, Michigan Alum, provides a strategic overview of the benefits and best practices of digital publishing in the dental field. While acknowledging the authority of print, the author demonstrates that digital platforms offer essential advantages, including immediate engagement, measurable analytics, and targeted content distribution. The guide outlines technical considerations for single articles and full digital issues, emphasizing the importance of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and web accessibility.

An Invite To The Adea Deans’ Conference, Denise Maihofer

AADEJ - The Communicator

In this report, the AADEJ executive director’s participation in the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Deans’ Conference, highlighting a growing partnership between the AADEJ and dental education leadership. Key sessions explored resilient leadership during periods of uncertainty and the profound impact of generative artificial intelligence (AI) on higher education writing and communication. The conference also addressed the shifting political landscape and federal policy and funding changes currently facing oral health education.

How Do You Make Your Chicken Marsala?, Cathy Hung Dds

AADEJ - The Communicator

In her inaugural editorial as Editor-in-Chief of The Communicator, Dr. Hung utilizes a culinary metaphor to discuss the intersection of structure and creativity in dental writing. She posits that while grammar and spelling provide the necessary recipe, individual contributions and unique "twists" are what enrich the dental community. The piece invites readers to share their diverse perspectives to foster a culture of excellence and connection within the association.

Leading With Integrity; Writing With Purpose, Jasmine Shafagh Dmd

AADEJ - The Communicator

AADEJ President Dr. Jasmine Shafagh, reflects on AADEJ's 90-year legacy and its responsibility to uphold ethical standards in an era of rapid information exchange. Her message emphasizes the vital role of dental journalists in combating misinformation through accuracy, clarity, and integrity. By utilizing diverse digital and print mediums, the AADEJ aims to uplift the profession and provide members with the training necessary to navigate an increasingly complex communication landscape.

Temporary Marriage In Iraq: Views And Perceptions, Zena Al Safar

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

In July 2024, the Shia Muslim Parliament members proposed an amendment to the Personal Status Law. This amendment was passed on February 11, 2025. Per the amendment, the Shia Ja’afari School of Islamic jurisprudence has four months from the time the amendment was passed to submit a Personal Status Code for approval. It is speculated that this new Code will legalize mut’ah marriage, which is a type of temporary marriage. Temporary marriage within Islam is a heterosexual marriage that does not convey long-term commitment and usually has an end date. While scholarly written work in this field exists in other …

A Feminist Evaluation Of The Joint Programme: Assessing The Cultural Sensitivity Of Unicef And Unfpa's Strategies On Female Genital Cutting/Circumcision In Senegal And Nigeria, Coumba Soumare

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Female Genital Cutting/Circumcision (FGC) encompasses procedures involving the partial or total removal of female external genitalia or other genital injuries, performed for non-medical reasons. Typically carried out on young girls, often between infancy and age 15, FGC is widely condemned in global discourse as a harmful and barbaric practice. However, within certain cultures, it is viewed as a rite of passage or a necessary tradition. I argue that to effectively address FGC, organizations must adopt a culturally sensitive approach. This research examines the United Nations Children’s Fund’s (UNICEF) and the United Nations Population Fund’s (UNFPA) initiatives in Senegal and Nigeria. …

A Qualitative Examination Of Special Education Directors' Beliefs Regarding Restrictive Procedures, Jennifer L. Krueger

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study aimed to understand the beliefs of special education directors from Minnesota about restrictive procedures in K-12 public schools. Physical holding and seclusion are problematic because of injuries, emotional trauma, and increased use with students of color. In this basic qualitative study, 10 current special education directors in Minnesota were interviewed regarding their beliefs about seclusion and physical holding. The frameworks of critical race theory and transformational coaching were utilized to interpret results. Thematic analysis revealed that White participants believe that seclusion is necessary for students with the most intensive needs. For directors of color, beliefs focused on issues …

Shattering The Glass Ceiling: Comparative Narratives Of Women Leaders In Public Relations In Ghana And The United States Of America, Adriana Kukuwaa Adu

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study explores the lived experiences of women in public relations (PR) leadership roles in both Ghana and the United States, focusing on the cultural, institutional, and societal barriers that shape their professional journeys. Employing a qualitative research design, the study involved ten women in senior PR positions, five from each country, through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis identified six key themes: institutional barriers and gendered expectations; double standards in leadership communication; the influence of stereotypes; mentorship and support; intra-gender competition; and leadership agency and optimism. Guided by Social Role Theory, Glass Ceiling Theory, Feminist Standpoint Theory, and Transformational Leadership …

A Path To Trust: Addressing Performative Engagement And Building Authentic Relationships Between Cities And Communities, Marika Reese

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This qualitative study examines how Minneapolis City employees and community members perceive and experience the efforts of the City to engage them in public safety reform through community engagement initiatives. Although the City has pledged to prioritize racial equity and inclusion, many community members describe these engagement practices as manipulative and tokenizing. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of Critical Race Theory and Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation, and guided by participatory action research and narrative inquiry, this study centers community voices. Data were collected through a community learning exchange involving City employees and residents, followed by semi-structured interviews with four …

From Gossip To Guidance: Analyzing Student Posting On Yik Yak, Mikayla Nemgar

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study examines how college students at Minnesota State University, Mankato, use the anonymous social media app Yik Yak, and what they discuss within it. Using qualitative content analysis, 963 anonymous posts were collected and coded into five initial categories: (1) Seeking and Sharing Information, (2) Giving Raw and Unfiltered Opinions, (3) Attempting to Socialize, (4) Seeking Belonging, and (5) Complaining. The findings show that most posts expressed raw opinions, followed by seeking for belonging. Sub-themes emerged in these two categories, which offered more specific examples of how students use Yik Yak. These trends provide insight into how anonymity may …

From Enrollment To Graduation: How Social Support Shapes Latino Educational Trajectories In Minnesota, Erick Heaney

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Latino students represent the fastest-growing racial/ethnic group in the United States, yet their post-secondary completion rates remain significantly lower than those of other student populations. This study explores the educational trajectories of Latino students in Minnesota, focusing on the role of social support networks in shaping persistence and attainment. The research identifies peer and family support as the strongest predictors of Latino students' confidence to graduate (p < .001), underscoring the central role of close personal networks in persistence. Findings suggest that while financial and structural barriers continue to hinder success, culturally responsive support systems can positively influence degree attainment. Although centered on Minnesota, the study offers broader implications for higher education policy and practice, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions and institutional accountability in addressing equity gaps. Strengthening support for Latino students is essential to advancing educational and economic opportunity nationwide.

Exploring The Experiences Of Collegiate Black Female Student-Athletes From A Phenomenological Perspective, Deja L. Jackson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Collegiate Black female student-athletes at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) face a unique experience as they navigate the complex intersections of race, gender, and sports while striving for academic and athletic success. Their encounters with racism, discrimination, and marginalization remain largely underexplored. This research provides findings from a transcendental phenomenological study that examined the lived experiences of these athletes. The goal was to understand how racism, discrimination, and marginalization impact these student-athletes both individually and in context sport. Grounded in social constructivism and informed by Black Feminist Thought and Intersectionality Theory, the study involved semi-structured interviews with eight current and former …

Embodied Affliction: Somalis’ Perception Of Trauma, Ahmed M. Hassan

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Somali immigrants and refugees have a high rate of trauma, mainly because of their traumatic experiences during the Somali civil war and subsequent migration. Nevertheless, they do not readily access available psychological services in the countries to which they migrate. Research of the past two decades has revealed that different cultures conceptualize and communicate mental distress differently from one another. Those differences affect how Western mental health providers approach the treatment of clients who immigrate from an unfamiliar culture to Western countries, where the biomedical model of mental health dominates the health care system. Improved cultural awareness and communication between …

Knowledge And Education Of Minnesota High School Coaches Regarding The Signs And Symptoms Of Eating Disorders In High School Athletes, Mikaela Whiteford

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of education and knowledge among Minnesota high school coaches regarding the signs and symptoms of eating disorders in high school athletes. Data were collected through a researcher-developed survey, adapted from three existing instruments. The survey was administered through Qualtrics and distributed to participants through email. The findings indicate that while Minnesota high school coaches possess some knowledge of eating disorder signs and symptoms, their formal training and education on the topic are limited. Most of the education or training received by coaches was obtained for reasons unrelated to their responsibilities …