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Francis Drake's Course In The North Pacific, 1579, Kenneth L. Holmes Apr 2025

Francis Drake's Course In The North Pacific, 1579, Kenneth L. Holmes

The Geographical Bulletin

The year 1979 is to be a magical one. We will be reUving the excitement of the passage of a tiny ship called both the Pelican and the Golden Hind (also speJled Golden Hinde) and her dashing commander, Captain Francis Drake, and his crew as they visited the Pacific Coast of North America exactly tour hundred years ago this summer. We are celebrating a cuadricentennial. For over twenty years now it has been the privitege of the writer as a serious historical scholar to seek to iron out the details of the Drake voyage in our part of the globe. …


Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 16 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Volume 16 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 16 Complete Issue


The Influence Of High And Low Pressure Systems On Hurricane Movement As Seen Over North America, Lawrence R. Handley Apr 2025

The Influence Of High And Low Pressure Systems On Hurricane Movement As Seen Over North America, Lawrence R. Handley

The Geographical Bulletin

illustrate one of the many atmospheric controls that influence the trajectories, speed, and intensity of hurricanes. The article developed as an exercise aimed at viewing the impact of welldeveloped high pressure cells on well-developed low pressure systems. The hurricane is used as the model of the well-developed low pressure system, because it is compact, mobile, and well-defined. Thus, the relationships between low pressure and high pressure systems can best be documented, isolated, and studied using hurricanes as the model. It is important that the reader understand that past research has identified many controls affecting the movements and velocities of hurricanes, …


Fiftieth Anniversary Banquet, Thomas Frank Barton Apr 2025

Fiftieth Anniversary Banquet, Thomas Frank Barton

The Geographical Bulletin

Goodness, what a great number of hats this honored guest has worn and continues to wear. To name only a few: Doctor, Professor, Head of a Department, University President, Human Individual, Field Trip Director, Innovator, Counselor and others. Counselor. All may not agree on what is his greatest role in life, but perhaps it is that of counselor. What would be the profession of many of us tonight if there had been no R. G. Buzzard. What might I be in and where might I be if he "A. G." had not befriended me before and after graduating in June …


How Gamma Theta Upsilon Chanced To Originate., Robert Guy Buzzard Apr 2025

How Gamma Theta Upsilon Chanced To Originate., Robert Guy Buzzard

The Geographical Bulletin

When I was a student at The University of Chicago, (I am S.B., 1916; S.M., 1917), and again after service in World War I, Geography and GEOLOGY were housed in Rosenwald Hall, and students of those fields rubbed elbows with each other. Students in GEOLOGY were enjoying the fellowship of a national professional fraternity in "their field". Geography students had no similar association, nor was there the least bit of concern on the part of students or faculty in Geography because of lack of this privilege. In 1924-25 I was a senior fellow in the Graduate School of Geography at …


1928-1978 Fifty Years Of Service To Geography, James Snaden Apr 2025

1928-1978 Fifty Years Of Service To Geography, James Snaden

The Geographical Bulletin

Dr. Robert G. Buzzard conceived the idea of a professional fraternity in the field of geography while he was a student at the University of Chicago just prior to World War I. He dropped the matter when he was unable to find a group of students who could be interested in forming such an organization. During 1924-25, when Dr. Buzzard was a graduate student at Clark University, a local organization which came to be known as the Clark Geographical Society, made up of persons with a graduate degree from Clark, sparked the interest of many geographers. He found only lukewarm …


Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

This is the first issue of The Geographical Bulletin since our 50th "Birthday party." The celebration was held at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in New Orleans as one part of a large program of the annual meeting of the Association of American Geographers. Dr. Alice Rechlin, President of Gamma Theta Upsilon presided at the function. Dr. Melvin Marcus, President of the A.A.G. spoke to us briefly and expressed his genuine good feelings about GTU and the AAG. (Gamma Theta Upsilon has picked up the financial support of the Visiting Scientist Program for the A.A.G. This is the beginning of another …


Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 15 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Volume 15 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 15 Complete Issue


Climatic Preference, Jeffrey T. Lutz Apr 2025

Climatic Preference, Jeffrey T. Lutz

The Geographical Bulletin

Researchers within the discipline of geography seek to achieve an enhanced comprehension of man's perception of the world. Therefore, environmental perception is a subject of great consequence to geographers. Understanding of the sources of environmental variance perception in is essential to an understanding of variation in man's environmental behaviors. 1 The mental image is one of the major determinants of spatial behavior; and spatial images area an individual's cognitive representation of the spatial environment, and are a summary of what he considers meaningful about the environment.' Climate is a strategic factor affecting man's responses to the complex environment, and climate …


The Diffusion Of Transportation Effects In An Urban Network, David Burik Apr 2025

The Diffusion Of Transportation Effects In An Urban Network, David Burik

The Geographical Bulletin

Large urban centers are served by transport networks which consist of a great number of links and nodes. Predicting what the effects of the construction of a proposed link, the abandonment of superfluous elements, or the improvement of existing links will be on the traffic flows over the entire system is currently a timeconsuming and expensive undertaking. It is nevertheless, a necessary step investment appraisal. It is for proper often the case that the amount of available capital will only allow for the completion of a relatively small scale projects. The cost of a full traffic study to assess the …


The Study Of A Service Area, Mary Wegner Apr 2025

The Study Of A Service Area, Mary Wegner

The Geographical Bulletin

Valparaiso, with a population of 20,900 as of 1970, is a city which serves the inhabitants of Porter County in northwest Indiana. The exact variety and combination of its services are not duplicated anywhere else in the world. In addition to the expected municipal functions for a city of its size (e.g. street repair, police and fire protection, mail and newspaper deliveries, shopping, and recreation facilities), Valparaiso also performs functions that other towns in the immediate vicinity do not provide. Examples of such functions include serving as the county seat of Porter County; housing the only Lutheran university in the …


A Geographic Analysis Of Crime Rate In Southwestern Michigan: 1967·1973, James F. Lee Apr 2025

A Geographic Analysis Of Crime Rate In Southwestern Michigan: 1967·1973, James F. Lee

The Geographical Bulletin

In the last five years the study of the spatial dynamics of crime has become an important subfield of the geographic discipline. Numerous, well known studies have appeared, written by geographers and non-geographers alike, dealing with the geography of crime in general or with specific areal units.' While this abundance of research has been fruitful, it has, nonetheless, been haphazard. An attempt to remedy this situation was recently put forward by Phillips, who has identified several well defined research frontiers open to geographers of crime.2 Suggested by Phillips are four areas in which geographers should concentrate their crime research efforts: …


Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

This office does not receive much mail even though there has always been an open Invitation to our readers to comment on the quality of the effort. In general, the comment which does come is favorable. However, the letter on the opposite page arrived recently. All I know is that It was mailed in Silver Springs, Maryland on Dec. 20, 1977 and after reading it I wished the writer a "Merry Christmas." Now, wasn't that gracious? At least it is time to make a few things clear again. Some time ago the Executive Board of Gamma Theta Upsilon agreed that …


Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Cover And Forewords, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords


Volume 14 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Volume 14 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 14 Complete Issue


Perception Of Extremes In The Physical Environment, Jeffrey T. Lutz Apr 2025

Perception Of Extremes In The Physical Environment, Jeffrey T. Lutz

The Geographical Bulletin

In recent years there has been a notable increase in research related to man and his physical environment. literature reflects an heightened interest in man's perception of his environment. Lowenthal has written numerous articles dealing with environmental perception and behavior In different geographic settings.' He feels that much more information Is needed concerning the way people perceive the physical world.


Public Recreation On Private Lands, George A. Vanotten, Richard M. Highsmith Iii Apr 2025

Public Recreation On Private Lands, George A. Vanotten, Richard M. Highsmith Iii

The Geographical Bulletin

Not long ago most citizens of the United States had easy access to rural areas. Wooded lands, forests and pastoral settings were available to the greater portion of the populous. During the past one hundred years however, the nation's population has changed from being primarily rural to overwhelmingly urban. Therefore, the average resident of a large metropolitan area must travel considerable distance to gain access to rural recreation sites. For people In the lower Income ranges, the cost of traveling to distant recreation sites Is often prohibitive. Furthermore, demand for outdoor recreation has Increased In recent years.


Precipitation Efficiency Under Varying Atmosph Eric Con Oitions, Jeffrey T. Lutz Apr 2025

Precipitation Efficiency Under Varying Atmosph Eric Con Oitions, Jeffrey T. Lutz

The Geographical Bulletin

A strategic step in the assessment of water availability for a given location is the prediction of the amounts and temporal variability of precipitation. Considering the present state of the art, long-term meteorological forecasts of precipitation are not adequately accurate or reliable for predictive use. Since most predictions are based upon simple statistical analyses of past rainfall records, they are inherently unsatisfactory In that preci pitation production processes are ignored. Determination of the causes of spatial and temporal variations in the amount of precipitation produced by particular atmospheric systems in specific locations is important in assessing water availability. A valuable …


"County Seats In The Middle Western Urban System, Thomas J. Baerwald Apr 2025

"County Seats In The Middle Western Urban System, Thomas J. Baerwald

The Geographical Bulletin

The county seat played an important role in the development of the Middle Western urban system. Studies of the county seat's most visible expression noted the importance of the courthouse in the establishment of Middle Western urban places. Price asserted, "The courthouse was [the town's] reason for being, its first central function, the seat of its creator. Even had no town been laid off, a community of businesses and residents would have gathered around it." The frequent use of "county seats" to designate middle level places of the Middle Western urban hierarchy, places smaller than gateway cities but larger than …


Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher Apr 2025

Editor's Comments, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Gamma Theta Upsilon prospers. This is written after the recent board meeting held at the Association of American Geographers' convention in Salt Lake City. We had eleven in attendance at the board meeting . including two student representatives. It was a productive session. Among other things, plans are getting underway for the celebration of our 50th anniversary. It is a milestone year. It is always good to see students at our meetings, one of which is held in the spring at the time of the A.A.G. Annual meeting. The other is held in the fall at the time of the …


Microlocal Litigation For A Mass Tort World, Sarah L. Swan Apr 2025

Microlocal Litigation For A Mass Tort World, Sarah L. Swan

DePaul Law Review

No abstract provided.


“No Finger In The Dike Could Have Stopped It” The Effects Of The Governmental Failures Surrounding The Teton Dam Flood, Brooke Wilks Apr 2025

“No Finger In The Dike Could Have Stopped It” The Effects Of The Governmental Failures Surrounding The Teton Dam Flood, Brooke Wilks

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

Lyle H. Moon, mayor of Sugar City, Idaho, was a petroleum man. He drove trucks for the greater area of Southeastern Idaho, supplying all their petroleum needs. On June 5, 1976, his route took him within a mile and a half of the Teton Dam. Unbeknownst to him, the dam had sprung several leaks that morning. Two bulldozer crews labored through the morning, trying desperately to plug the holes. While on his route, radio operators called him and told him to drive away from the dam as quickly as possible. Thinking it was a joke, Moon quipped, “Tell me another …


“Radio . . . What [Is It] Doing To Our Children?” The Impact Of Radio On Families During The Golden Age Of Broadcasting, Samuel Pulsipher Apr 2025

“Radio . . . What [Is It] Doing To Our Children?” The Impact Of Radio On Families During The Golden Age Of Broadcasting, Samuel Pulsipher

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

Eerie string music, a dark cackle of laughter, and then a sinister voice says, “Who knows what evils lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows.”3 Suddenly, an interruption by the Goodrich Man. He has something to say about Goodrich tires with their lifesaving tread and blow- out protection: “So, play safe, equip your car with Goodrich, safety Silvertown!” The Goodrich- Man is ushered out by organ music as our hero Lamont Cranston, the Shadow, is introduced. He is heralded as a man of wealth and science who devotes his life to righting wrongs, protecting the innocent, and punishing …


“To Inherit God Himself?” The Metaphysical Transformation Of Man As Theorized In Cotton Mather’S Biblia Americana, Michael Green Apr 2025

“To Inherit God Himself?” The Metaphysical Transformation Of Man As Theorized In Cotton Mather’S Biblia Americana, Michael Green

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

The tumult of the Enlightenment was enormous, not least in its impact on theologians of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Biblical exegesis (explanation of a scriptural text based on its own historical and cultural circumstances) of the Reformation that idealized interpretations grounded in unerring prophetic figures were suddenly and forcefully subjected to the tide of historical literalism propagated by major intellectual figures such as Hugo Grotius and Baruch Spinoza. They and their cohort believed that the Bible should be treated as a historical source and its merits scrutinized based on its literal accuracy


The Incomplete Conquest Of Spanish Guinea 1471-1910, Pual Guajardo Apr 2025

The Incomplete Conquest Of Spanish Guinea 1471-1910, Pual Guajardo

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

Mary Henrietta Kingsley, the famous early female explorer of Africa, once remarked that an appointment to the Equatoguinean island of Fernando Po was “equivalent to execution, only more uncomfortable.”1 Similarly, historian Randall Fegley remarked that Port Clarence, which became the capital of Equatorial Guinea, was known as “death’s waiting room.”2 When we think of the Spanish Empire, we usually envision the empire that decimated the Aztecs and the Incas, not a regime that failed to conquer and colonize an island one-fifth the size of Hawaii. Yet, for more than 400 years, the small indigenous community of Fernando Po quietly defied …


Emma Ody Pohl: The Untold Story Of “Miss Mscw” And Her Influence On Southern White Women, Anna Sandlin Apr 2025

Emma Ody Pohl: The Untold Story Of “Miss Mscw” And Her Influence On Southern White Women, Anna Sandlin

Undergraduate Research Conference

I conducted an in-depth research project on Emma Ody Pohl, the Director of Physical Education at Mississippi University for Women from 1908 to 1955. I wanted to highlight Pohl's significance on her students and the college. I used the records, letters, and documents in the Pohl Papers at the Beulah Culbertson Archives and Special Collections to analyze Pohl's importance and create a biography of her time at the college. I also conducted further research into the idea of Southern White Womanhood throughout the twentieth century. Through this information, it is evident that the life and teaching of Emma Ody Pohl …


Interactions Among Nutrients Govern The Global Grassland Biomass–Precipitation Relationship, Philip A. Fay, Laureano A. Gherardi, Laura Yahdjian, Peter B. Adler, Jonathan D. Bakker, Siddharth Bharath, Elizabeth T. Borer, W. Stanley Harpole, Erika Hersch-Green, Travis E. Huxman, Andrew S. Macdougall, Anita C. Risch, Eric W. Seabloom, Sumanta Bagchi, Isabel C. Barrio, Lori Biederman, Yvonne M. Buckley, Miguel N. Bugalho, Maria C. Caldeira, Jane A. Catford, Qingqing Chen, Elsa E. Cleland, Scott L. Collins, Pedro Daleo, Chris R. Dickman, Ian Donohue, Mary Ellyn Dupre, Nico Eisenhauer, Anu Eskelinen, Nicole Hagenah, Yann Hautier, Robert W. Heckman, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Johannes M. H. Knops, Ramesh Laungani, Jason P. Martina, Rebecca L. Mcculley, John W. Morgan, Harry Olde Venterink, Pablo L. Peri, Sally A. Power, Xavier Raynaud, Zhengwei Ren, Christiane Roscher, Melinda D. Smith, Marie Spohn, Carly J. Stevens, Michelle Tedder, Risto Virtanen, Glenda M. Wardle, George R. Wheeler Apr 2025

Interactions Among Nutrients Govern The Global Grassland Biomass–Precipitation Relationship, Philip A. Fay, Laureano A. Gherardi, Laura Yahdjian, Peter B. Adler, Jonathan D. Bakker, Siddharth Bharath, Elizabeth T. Borer, W. Stanley Harpole, Erika Hersch-Green, Travis E. Huxman, Andrew S. Macdougall, Anita C. Risch, Eric W. Seabloom, Sumanta Bagchi, Isabel C. Barrio, Lori Biederman, Yvonne M. Buckley, Miguel N. Bugalho, Maria C. Caldeira, Jane A. Catford, Qingqing Chen, Elsa E. Cleland, Scott L. Collins, Pedro Daleo, Chris R. Dickman, Ian Donohue, Mary Ellyn Dupre, Nico Eisenhauer, Anu Eskelinen, Nicole Hagenah, Yann Hautier, Robert W. Heckman, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Johannes M. H. Knops, Ramesh Laungani, Jason P. Martina, Rebecca L. Mcculley, John W. Morgan, Harry Olde Venterink, Pablo L. Peri, Sally A. Power, Xavier Raynaud, Zhengwei Ren, Christiane Roscher, Melinda D. Smith, Marie Spohn, Carly J. Stevens, Michelle Tedder, Risto Virtanen, Glenda M. Wardle, George R. Wheeler

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Ecosystems are experiencing changing global patterns of mean annual precipitation (MAP) and enrichment with multiple nutrients that potentially colimit plant biomass production. In grasslands, mean aboveground plant biomass is closely related to MAP, but how this relationship changes after enrichment with multiple nutrients remains unclear. We hypothesized the global biomass–MAP relationship becomes steeper with an increasing number of added nutrients, with increases in steepness corresponding to the form of interaction among added nutrients and with increased mediation by changes in plant community diversity. We measured aboveground plant biomass production and species diversity in 71 grasslands on six continents representing the …


Relationship Between Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Inflammatory Biomarkers, And Hospital Length Of Stay Among Covid-19 Patients., Alice Aghamie Osuji Apr 2025

Relationship Between Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Inflammatory Biomarkers, And Hospital Length Of Stay Among Covid-19 Patients., Alice Aghamie Osuji

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

COVID-19 has put immense pressure on healthcare facilities, especially in managing patients with comorbidity. This study addressed the association between two important coinfections, congestive heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and their effect on hospital length of stay (LOS) among COVID-19 patients. The study also explored the predictive role of the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) in prolonged hospitalization, also considering the influence of age and race. This study applied the Biopsychosocial Model and Chronic Care Model (CCM) to examine health outcomes and resource use. A retrospective cohort research design was used to examine medical records of …