Digital Commons Network^™

Genetic Ancestry, Skin Color And Social Attainment: The Four Cities Study, Dede K. Teteh, Lenna Dawkins-Moultin, Stanley Hooker, Wenndy Hernandez, Carolina Bonilla, Dorothy Galloway, Victor Lagroon, Eunice Rebecca Santos, Mark Shriver, Charmaine D. M. Royal, Rick Kittles

Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles

Introduction
The Black population in the US is heterogeneous but is often treated as monolithic in research, with skin pigmentation being the primary indicator of racial classification. Objective: This paper examines the differences among Blacks by comparing genetic ancestry, skin color and social attainment of 259 residents across four US cities—Norman, Oklahoma; Cincinnati, Ohio; Harlem, New York; and Washington, District of Columbia.

Methods
Participants were recruited between 2004 and 2006 at community-based forums. Cross-sectional data were analyzed using chi-square tests, correlation analyses and logistic regression.

Results
There were variations in ancestry, melanin index and social attainment across some cities. Overall, …

Proceedings For Conservation Of Fragile Karst Resources, Crawford Hydrology Laboratory, The George Wright Society, Mammoth Cave National Park

Conservation of Fragile Karst Resources Proceedings

A Workshop on Sustainability and Community in support of UNESCO science programs August 18-20, 2020

Present And Future Hr Challenges In Egyptian Banks Amid And Post The Covid-19 Crisis, Dr. Maha Ahmed Zaki Dajani, Dr. Maha Ahmed Zaki Dajani

Business Administration

The Economist noted that just as the financial crisis in 2007–2009 has highlighted the role of talented Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the role of Chief Human Resource Officers (CHROs). (The Economist, March 24th, 2020). Coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic is new and is expanding in rapid progress at the time of writing this policy brief. COVID-19 shattered people’s life realities and professional constants. It disrupted the existing forces of the global economy in all continents, countries and cities, due to the shock of lockdown, the experiences of uncertainties and fear of unknowing what the future beholds. …

The Geography Of A Constitutional Right: Gun Rights Outside The Home, Joseph Blocher, Jacob D. Charles, Darrell A. H. Miller

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

The Second Amendment’S Safe Space, Or The Constitutionalization Of Fragility, Mary Anne Franks

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

High-Frequency Data Reveal Differential Dissolved And Suspended Solids Behavior From A Mixed Restored Prairie And Agricultural Catchment, Andrew Miller, Ashlee L. Dere, Tracy Coleman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Quantifying temporal variability and fluxes within hydrologic catchments is critical to understanding the underlying chemical and physical processes leading to material transport. Measuring variability and fluxes requires sampling at time scales similar to the time scale of process occurrence. This demand has led to the development of automated sampling systems designed to sample at high frequencies, on the order of minutes. While widely deployed in a variety of systems, we installed two high-frequency sampling devices in a single drainage comprised of restored prairie and agricultural land uses in temperate Eastern Nebraska. The sampling systems determined flow rate, conductivity, and turbidity …

Spring/Summer 2020: Meet The Class Of 2024, St. Norbert College

St. Norbert College Magazine 2019-2023

The annual snapshot of the incoming freshmen class.

Assessing The Effect Of Firearms Regulations Using Partial Identification Methods: A Case Study Of The Impact Of Stand Your Ground Laws On Violent Crime, Megan Miller, John Pepper

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Public Health Violence Prevention: Supporting Law Enforcement, Kira Swensen, Gabriela Murza, Sandra H. Sulzer, Maren Wright Voss

All Current Publications

As frustrations over inequalities in policing and law enforcement continue despite attempted reforms (Beckett, 2016), many are asking for a more effective approach. A 2018 issue statement from the American Public Health Association (2018) highlights that violence is a public health issue that will not go away without the influence of a public health approach. The integrated biological-psychological-social model of health recognizes the complexity in the ways individuals are influenced by their situations, with violence as the unfortunate result of the wrong mix of circumstances. The public health approach to violence focuses on prevention as part of the solution. This …

Retirement | For Aizicovici’S Students, The Difference Was Magical Lectures, Professional Passion, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

See No Evil: Are Community Colleges Underreporting Or Nonreporting Sexual Assaults?, Songa Y. Thomas-Montford

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

The Clery Act is a consumer protection law intended to protect students by forcing institutions of higher education to be transparent about campus crime, as the concern is that many colleges and universities are underreporting or nonreporting campus crime statistics. This study included two research questions. The first question, “What are the common themes determined in the audits concerning Clery Act violations for two-year schools?,” was addressed by conducting a deductive content analysis by reviewing each U.S. Department of Education (USDOEd) Clery Act compliance audit in the research sample. The USDOEd, Federal Aid Data Center’s public database, was the source …

Cultural Adaptations Of Evidence Based Practices In Supporting Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Krista P. James

Indigenous Studies

Research shows that early identification and intervention result in a higher quality of life and contribution to society for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). As society sees an ever-increasing percentage of individuals diagnosed with ASD, identification of culturally responsive, evidence-based practices is of critical importance. While the National Autism Center has provided a guide to evidence-based practices, minimal research has been done to determine if these practices are culturally relevant. This is a community-based formative research project. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the cultural appropriateness of the practices identified as "evidence-based practices" by the National Autism …

Analysis Of The 2015 Sagavanirktok River Flood: Associated Permafrost Degradation Using Insar And Change Detection Techniques, Mark Timothy Mcclernan

Geosciences

In 2015, the Sagavanirktok River experienced a sequence of high, early-winter temperatures that lead to a buildup of aufeis. The buildup displaced the spring runoff causing widespread flooding. Flood waters inundated the surrounding tundra introducing heat into ground ice-baring soils. The Sagavanirktok River flood was caused by an extensive ice dam that developed the previous winter. The first flooding pulse started in April 2015, when an aufeis obstruction diverted river water to the surface. The obstruction caused flooding along 24 km of the Dalton Highway and its surroundings, necessitating a prolonged highway closure and emergency repairs. A second flooding pulse …

Climate Change, Moose, And Subsistence Harvest In Arctic Alaska, Jiake Zhou

Biological Sciences

Arctic climate is resulting in transformative changes to Arctic social-ecological systems. With warming-induced increases in tall-shrubs, moose are expanding their range northwards. However, the socio-economic implications of this ecological change are unclear. Using field surveys, interviews, and modeling, I assessed the impact of climate change on moose harvest by hunters of Nuiqsut, an Inupiat community in arctic Alaska. Based on a 568 km transect of field sampling on shrubs and herbivore browsing levels, I estimated that the minimum shrub height for moose occurrence was ≥ 81 cm (95% CI: 65 - 96 cm). Patterns of moose geographic distribution mirrored tall-shrub …

Landscape Characteristics Influence Climate Change Effects On Juvenile Chinook And Coho Salmon Rearing Habitat In The Kenai River Watershed, Benjamin Meyer

Fisheries

Changes in temperature and precipitation as a result of ongoing climate warming in south-central Alaska are affecting juvenile salmon rearing habitat differently across watersheds. Work presented here simulates summer growth rates of juvenile Chinook and coho salmon in streams under future climate and feeding scenarios in the Kenai River (Alaska) watershed across a spectrum of landscape settings from lowland to glacially-influenced. I used field-derived data on water temperature, diet, and body size as inputs to bioenergetics models to simulate growth for the 2030-2039 and 2060-2069 time periods, comparing back to 2010-2019. My results suggest decreasing growth rates under most future …

Documenting The Characteristics Of Traffic Crashes For Riti Communities In Idaho, Ahmed Abdel-Rahim, Skye Swoboda-Colberg, Mohamed Mohamed, Angel Gonzalez

CSET Project Reports

This project documents the characteristics of traffic crashes in rural, isolated, tribal, and indigenous (RITI) communities in Idaho and establishes an in-depth understanding of the baseline traffic safety conditions in RITI communities. Different sources of crash data for RITI communities in Idaho was used to conduct an in-depth ten-year crash analysis (2007-2016) to document the characteristics of traffic crashes in rural roads that serve RITI communities in Idaho. The results of analysis of fatal and severe injury crashes on unpaved roads clearly shows that ATVs and pickup trucks and the two most common vehicle types involved in crashes in these …

Assessing Options For Remediation Of Contaminated Mine Site Drainage Entering The River Teign, Southwest England, Abigail Jordan, Rachel Hill, Adrienne Turner, Tyrone Roberts, Sean Comber

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The river Teign in Devon has come under scrutiny for failing to meet environmental quality standards for ecotoxic metals due to past mining operations. A disused mine known as Bridford Barytes mine, has been found to contribute a significant source of Zn, Cd and Pb to the river. Recently, studies have been focused on the remediation of such mine sites using low-cost treatment methods to help reduce metal loads to the river downstream. This paper explores the metal removal efficiency of red mud, a waste product from the aluminium industry, which has proven to be an attractive low-cost treatment method …

Soil Characteristics Associated With Horse Cases Of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus In Florida, Fulya Guzelkucuk

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a mosquito-borne virus found in Florida that affects humans and horses. Also, EEEV is an agricultural land management issue in Florida, as it causes mortality in large numbers of horses each year and sometimes humans. This study investigates the characteristics of soils associated with horse cases of EEEV in the State of Florida, focusing on differences in soil characteristics between summer and winter cases. This study analyzed a total of 676 EEEV cases during 2005-2018, including 611 summer cases and 65 winter cases. Soil characteristics that were examined include: soil texture, drainage class, hydrology …

Lessons On Race And Place-Based Participation From Environmental Justice And Geography, Sonya Ziaja

All Faculty Scholarship

As scholars grapple with racism in Administrative Law, it is important to consider place-based scholarship from the perspectives of Environmental Justice and Geography. Both provide important insights into how administrative agencies can be instruments of strategic-structural racism and how administrative law can facilitate equity in regulation.

China And Natural Gas: The Importance Of Natural Gas To China With Regard To The South And East China Sea Conflicts, Erin Foelker

Honors Theses

China has a strong interest in natural gas, as it is a resource of which usage can lead to economic growth, energy security, domestic social stability, and reduced climate change impacts. One of the best ways for China to gain easier access to this resource is to obtain legal rights to what they claim is their territory in the South and East China Seas. In this thesis, I review the situations in these two areas and I argue that natural gas is a significant motivator for the conflicts that are occurring.

Urban Public Middle School Teachers And Their Response To High Student Mobility, Maria J. Ortiz

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This study examined the teachers’ perspective of student mobility in urban public middle schools in the northeast state of the country. Thirty middle school teachers in an urban public-school system were interviewed about their prior years’ classroom experience with student mobility. They included those teaching English as a Second Language, Special Education, Science, Math and Language Arts, and Social Studies. In addition, student achievement data on standardized tests were studied. The research study concluded that teachers reported that they experienced frustration and anxiety, and that student mobility and its classroom consequences were relegated to the “undiscussable” aspects of the profession; …

A Mechanistic And Genomic Analysis Of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus Immune Evasion, Ian Benjamin Harvey

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a common human-specific poxvirus with a proclivity forinfecting children and the immune-compromised. A characteristic MCV infection is restricted tothe epidermal layers of the skin and can persist for weeks to years in an otherwise healthyindividual. The high clinical burden of MCV is at odds with our limited knowledge regarding howit successfully evades the human immune response, which is in part due to the lack of an animalmodel or cell line to propagate the virus. Through this dissertation, we have uncovered andcharacterized a novel mechanism by which MC80, a protein encoded by MCV, downregulateshost MHC-I surface …

Genomic Analysis Of Diverse Bacterial Pathogens, Robert Potter

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Bacterial pathogens have been a historical scourge for the entirety of human existence but have been significantly thwarted since the 20th century due to the development of antibiotics. However, owing to the large selection pressure of antibiotics on bacterial populations, phenotypic antibiotic resistance from the development of vertically transmitted mutations and horizontally acquired antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is increasing. The sum has produced multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) which have extremely limited treatment options. Epidemiological studies have determined that carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), Acinetobacter baumannii, and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE) are some of the most problematic MDRO infections. The advent of …

Pathophysiology And Proteogenomics Of Post-Infectious And Post-Hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus In Infants, Albert M. Isaacs

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Post-infectious (PIH) and post-hemorrhagic (PHH) hydrocephalus occur as sequalae of neonatal sepsis or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) of prematurity, respectively. Together, PIH and PHH represent the most common form of infantile hydrocephalus, the most common indication for neurosurgery in children globally, and the leading cause of neurological morbidity and mortality worldwide. The lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of PIH and PHH, particularly with regards to the host central nervous system response to the antecedent infection and hemorrhage, perturbation of differentiating neural stems in the ventricular (VZ) and subventricular (SVZ) zones, and damage to periventricular white matter (PVWM) tracts carrying sensorimotor …

Schisms And Boundaries: Islamic Organizations And Sectarianism Between South Asia And Spain, Guillermo Martín-Sáiz

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Since the September 11 attacks, numerous researchers—from security experts and political scientists to sociologists and anthropologists—have discussed how Islamic organizations establish within mosques across Europe and spread sectarianism among Muslims in the region. While these researchers have provided valuable insights, the dynamics that characterize the relationship between these mosques and organizations and the resulting sectarianism seem far from self-explanatory and remain rather unclear.This dissertation focuses on how the intersections between global and local phenomena—the so-called War on Terror and Clash of Civilizations on the one hand, and urban transformations and gentrification on the other—shape support for—and opposition to—Islamic organizations among …

Landesque Capital And Community Organization In A Maya Economic Center: A Case Study At Salinas De Los Nueve Cerros, Guatemala, Alexander Ernesto Rivas

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Many ancient Maya lowland cities developed water-rich landscapes that met the multiple needs of growing populations. The development of landesque capital, in which permanent changes in infrastructure, water procurement, and agricultural productivity are best understood at sites with a long history of occupation. Salinas de los Nueve Cerros was an ancient Maya center that was occupied for approximately 2000 years, surviving the ‘Maya Collapse.’ This site, located in the Maya lowlands, had ties to both highland and lowland communities through its primacy in exporting salt. However, what is not yet understood is whether the commercial population of Nueve Cerros practiced …

Indonesia’S Mental Health Services: Availability And Current Challenges, Alexander Gronowski

Master's Projects and Capstones

The deep deficits in Indonesia’s mental health care system seem to currently lack explanation. While Indonesia’s economic growth may outstrip even that of its neighbors, the country still appears to significantly lack parity in provided mental health resources. Due to the paucity in available information and studies on the topic, this paper seeks to inspect the issue directly through the use of direct interviews supplemented by available literature. Through the interviews of Indonesian self-identified patients, non-patients, and mental health care providers, it appears that the apparent weak state of Indonesia’s mental health care system stems from widely held cultural beliefs. …

Don Quixote And Catholicism, Michael Mcgrath

Purdue Studies in Romance Literatures

Four hundred years since its publication, Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote continues to inspire and to challenge its readers. The universal and timeless appeal of the novel, however, has distanced its hero from its author and its author from his own life and the time in which he lived. The discussion of the novel’s Catholic identity, therefore, is based on a reading that returns Cervantes’s hero to Cervantes’s text and Cervantes to the events that most shaped his life. The authors and texts McGrath cites, as well as his arguments and interpretations, are mediated by his religious sensibility. Consequently, he …

Sustainable Diets For Planetary Health: A Study Of Indigenous Based Agri-Food Systems In A Community Of The Central Highlands Of Ecuador, Carlos Andres Gallegos-Riofrio

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In order to explore the psychosocial and agroecological dimensions of sustainable diets and their roles in the rural Andean community of Caliata in the Ecuadorian highlands, I conducted a community-centered participatory mixed-methods study. Thirty-nine focus groups and ten key informant interviews were conducted, recorded, translated, transcribed, and analyzed using three-stage coding. The information was triangulated using participant observation, local records, and descriptive statistics from a survey of 57 female household heads, which included a modified 48-hour dietary recall module. Rural appraisal research assessed agroecological dimensions. Ten purposively selected sites were studied alongside local informants in order to obtain diversity indexes …

Safekeeping: Slavery, Capitalism, And The Carceral State In Washington, D.C., 1830-1863, Brandon Wilson

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

By the 1830s, incarceration emerged as a two-pronged solution for racial control and economic expansion. Local and federal government built jails around the District of Columbia to detain "rowdy negro boys," men, and women, as a means to stymie their rapid movement and fuel a burgeoning domestic slave trade. People were jailed, fined, and often sold to the Deep South, providing a wellspring of capital for enslavers, justified through the lens of criminality. For the crime of petty theft, missing free papers, or in at least one case "using foul language," black people of the Washington region could find themselves …