Digital Commons Network^™

Amenity Migrations And Gentrification Among Low-Income Residents Of Rural North Carolina Seeking Education Or Lifelong Learning, Lenora Ellen Attles-Allen

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractSixty-four percent of North Carolina's growth is due to migration, translating into approximately 86,200 migrants residing in the state. Amenity migrations (the relocation of specific populations into sometimes, low-income, rural communities of people) have given rise to changes in many residents' lived experiences related to North Carolina communities seeking education or lifelong learning. Many older adults seek lifelong learning education that is affected by amenity migrations. As new technologies and socioeconomic changes emerge, baby boomers may strive to compete with millennials for jobs and domestic stability. The purpose of this heuristic, phenomenological study was to understand the daily, lived financial …

The Perceptions And Practices Of Child Welfare Caseworkers And Decision-Making Related To Reunification, Sonja D. Ulrich

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The child welfare system exists to support safe and healthy families. When children cannot remain safely with family, they are removed and often placed with nonrelatives. Only half of all of the children removed from their homes achieve reunification. In the current study, research questions examined the perceptions of caseworkers in determining whether or when a child could reunify with their family of removal, and how the perceptions of the caseworker affected their practice regarding reunification. Using social learning theory as a framework, a caseworker’s decisions were viewed as a balance between their work environment and their personal perceptions. Following …

Reducing Energy Demand In China And The United Kingdom: The Importance Of Energy Literacy, D. R.E. Cotton, J. Zhai, W. Miller, L. Dalla Valle, J. Winter

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

As the impacts of climate change become increasingly visible across the globe, awareness of the need for cleaner energy and demand reduction is growing. Energy literacy offers a strong potential for explaining and predicting energy-related behaviours, yet research and policies focused on this topic remain limited. In this study, energy literacy was measured in a sample of 2806 university students in the United Kingdom and China, in addition to their wider environmental attitudes using the New Ecological Paradigm scale. Findings indicate that energy literacy was relatively high overall, but there were significant differences between the knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions …

Polystyrene Foam As A Source And Sink Of Chemicals In The Marine Environment: An Xrf Study, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Transport, Weathering And Pollution Of Plastic From Container Losses At Sea: Observations From A Spillage Of Inkjet Cartridges In The North Atlantic Ocean, Andrew Turner, Tracey Williams, Tom Pitchford

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Children, Military Families And Soldier Citizenship, Richard Yarwood, Naomi Tyrrell, Claire Kelly

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

What The Presence Of Regulated Chemical Elements In Beached Lacustrine Plastics Can Tell Us: The Case Of Swiss Lakes, Montserrat Filella, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Murillo, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

AbstractPlastics (n = 3880) have been sampled from 39 beaches of ten Swiss lakes of varying sizes, hydrodynamics, and catchments, with a selection (n = 598) analysed for potentially hazardous (and regulated) chemical elements (As, Ba, Br, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Sb, Se) by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Plastic objects and fragments with identifiable or unidentifiable origins were present on all beaches surveyed, and were often most abundant in proximity to major riverine inputs. Chemical elements were detected in between two (Hg) and 340 (Ba) samples with maximum concentrations exceeding 2% by weight for Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Sb. Inter-element …

Coastal Dunes As A Sink And Secondary Source Of Marine Plastics: A Study At Perran Beach, Southwest England, Andrew Turner, Sara L. Amos, Tracey Williams

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In The Analysis Of Metals, Chemicals And Materials, Simon Carter, Robert Clough, Andy Fisher, Bridget Gibson, Ben Russell

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This review covers advances in the analysis of advanced materials, metals, fuels and lubricants, nanostructures, ceramics, refractories, organic and inorganic chemicals, catalysts and nuclear materials by a range of techniques including X-ray, ICP, LIBS, mass spectrometry, synchrotron-based techniques, plus non-destructive and ablation surface techniques.

Sediment Source Apportionment Following Wildfire In An Upland Commercial Forest Catchment, Enrique Muñoz-Arcos, Alejandra Castillo, Alicia Cuevas-Aedo, Luis Ovando-Fuentealba, Alex Taylor, Ramón Bustamante-Ortega, William H. Blake, Claudio Bravo-Linares

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Purpose Wildfires can have major impacts on water scarcity and water quality linked to off-site transfer of polluting ash and nutrients. Understanding sediment sources in burnt landscapes can help to develop mitigation strategies, especially in catchments planted with introduced species that are prone to fire. We investigated sediment sources activated by post-fire rainfall in a small-forested catchment that was impacted by a severe wildfire. The aim was to use environmental radionuclides and elemental geochemistry as tracers to apportion sediment sources within burnt plantation systems. Methods Surficial (0–2 cm) topsoil (n = 9), sub-surficial (2–4 cm) topsoil (i.e. below the burnt …

Complex Relationships Between Water Discharge And Sediment Concentration Across The Loess Plateau, China, Haiyan Zheng, Chiyuan Miao, Juying Jiao, Alistair G.L. Borthwick

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Understanding of the relationship between water discharge (Q) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) across the Loess Plateau is a prerequisite for evaluating different soil and water conservation measures. Using daily Q and SSC datasets, this study jointly analyzes changes in Q and SSC on the central Loess Plateau, a major sediment-producing area of China, during the periods 1971-1987 (P1) and 2008-2016 (P2). The results show that during both P1 and P2, the contributions of maximum-3-day-per-year sediment load (SSL) to the total SSL are almost invariably over 50% (dominant), with the majority increasing further between P1 and P2. The contribution of …

Marine Fungi And The Biological Carbon Pump - A Quest For Novel Biomarkers For Key Players In The Carbon Cycle, E Cooper, S Thomas, S Ussher, D Rush, M Cunliffe, S Lengger

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The biological carbon pump (BCP) has a major role in the ability of the oceans to control the global climate and carbon cycle. Inorganic carbon is assimilated by phytoplankton in the surface ocean and converted into organic matter. The organic matter is transported to the deeper ocean interior by the BCP and degraded by microbes en route or sequestered to the deep ocean [1]. Marine fungi are understudied compared to other marine microbes, yet can account for as much biomass as prokaryotes on sinking organic matter in the BCP [2]. Fungi, both unicellular and filamentous, are active in carbon degradation …

Channel Erosion Dominates Sediment Sources In An Agricultural Catchment In The Upper Yangtze Basin Of China: Evidence From Geochemical Fingerprints, Zhonglin Shi, William H. Blake, Anbang Wen, Jiacun Chen, Dongchun Yan, Yi Long

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Constraining 20th‐Century Sea‐Level Rise In The South Atlantic Ocean, Thomas Frederikse, Surendra Adhikari, Tim J. Daley, Sönke Dangendorf, Roland Gehrels, Felix Landerer, Marta Marcos, Thomas L. Newton, Graham Rush, Aimée B.A. Slangen, Guy Wöppelmann

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Delivering A Low Carbon Energy Transition Through Planning: Monitoring Outcomes In Plymouth, Luke Jones, Jon Selman, Stephen Essex, Olivia Wilson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Given the urgency presented by climate change and global warming, local planning authorities have become active agents in the low carbon energy transition. This transition has been defined as “a radical, systemic and managed change towards a ‘more sustainable’ or ‘more effective’ patterns of provision and use of energy” (Rutherford and Coutard, 2014, p.1354). It is associated with a shift from centralised fossil fuel production and distribution of energy (such as coal, gas and oil) to more decentralised renewable energy production (such as solar and wind), which is consumed on-site or locally. Alongside other government policy interventions, such as carbon …

Automated, High Frequency, On-Line Dimethyl Sulfide Measurements In Natural Waters Using A Novel “Microslug” Gas-Liquid Segmented Flow Method With Chemiluminescence Detection, Geng Leng, Chao Feng Jin, Thomas G. Bell, Simon J. Ussher, Paul J. Worsfold, Wei Yi Li

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

How Does A Country’S Developmental Status Affect Ambient Air Quality With Respect To Particulate Matter?, R. Johnson, J. Rieuwerts, S. D.W. Comber

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Amazon Tree Dominance Across Forest Strata, Frederick C. Draper, Flavia R.C. Costa, Gabriel Arellano, Oliver L. Phillips, Alvaro Duque, Manuel J. Macía, Steege H Ter, Gregory P. Asner, Erika Berenguer, Juliana Schietti, Jacob B. Socolar, Souza Fc De, Kyle G. Dexter, Peter M. Jørgensen, J. Sebastian Tello, William E. Magnusson, Timothy R. Baker, Carolina V. Castilho, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Paul V.A. Fine, Kalle Ruokolainen, Euridice N.Honorio Coronado, Gerardo Aymard, Nállarett Dávila, Mauricio Sánchez Sáenz, Marcos A.Rios Paredes, Julien Engel, Claire Fortunel, C. E.Timothy Paine, Jean Yves Goret, Aurelie Dourdain, Pascal Petronelli, Elodie Allie, Juan E.Guevara Andino, Roel J.W. Brienen, Leslie Cayola Pérez, Ângelo G. Manzatto, Narel Y.Paniagua Zambrana, Jean François Molino, Daniel Sabatier, Jerôme Chave, Sophie Fauset, Roosevelt Garcia Villacorta, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Paul E. Berry, Karina Melgaço, Ted R. Feldpausch, Elvis Valderamma Sandoval, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Italo Mesones, André B. Junqueira, Katherine H. Roucoux, Toledo Jj De, Ana C. Andrade, José Luís Camargo, Aguila Pasquel J Del, Flávia D. Santana, Wf Laurance, Sg Laurance, Thomas E. Lovejoy, James A. Comiskey, David R. Galbraith, Michelle Kalamandeen, Gilberto E.Navarro Aguilar, Jim Vega Arenas, Carlos A.Amasifuen Guerra, Manuel Flores, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Luis A.Torres Montenegro, Ricardo Zarate Gomez, Marcelo P. Pansonato, Victor Chama Moscoso, Jason Vleminckx, Oscar J.Valverde Barrantes, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Sousa Sa De, Luzmila Arroyo, Ricardo O. Perdiz, Jessica Soares Cravo, Beatriz S. Marimon, N/A Junio

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region. Indeed, just 227 ‘hyperdominant’ species account for >50% of all individuals >10 cm diameter at 1.3 m in height. Yet, the degree to which the phenomenon of hyperdominance is sensitive to tree size, the extent to which the composition of dominant species changes …

Petrological Insights On The Last 1000 Years Of Explosive Activity At La Soufrière Volcano, St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles), Lorenzo Fedele, Paul D. Cole, Claudio Scarpati, Richard E.A. Robertson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Intraspecific Variation In Leaf Traits Facilitates The Occurrence Of Trees At The Amazonia–Cerrado Transition, Igor Araújo, Beatriz S. Marimon, Marina C. Scalon, Wesley J.A. Cruz, Sophie Fauset, Tiffani C.S. Vieira, David R. Galbraith, Manuel U. Gloor

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The ability of plant species to adjust key functional traits through intraspecific variation may determine their success in persisting on our planet in the future, especially in unstable habitats, such as the Amazonia–Cerrado transition zone. We assessed intraspecific variation in 12 leaf morphological and anatomical traits for four tree species along a savanna–forest gradient, including rocky cerrado, typical cerrado and woodland savanna. Generally, all evaluated species showed great intraspecific variation. Our findings demonstrate that trees occurring in the woodland savanna are potentially more vulnerable to climate change, while in the cerrado the individuals presented higher tolerance to water deficit and …

Using Dartmoor Ponies In Conservation Grazing To Reduce Molinia Caerulea Dominance And Encourage Germination Of Calluna Vulgaris In Heathland Vegetation On Dartmoor, Uk, Paul H. Lunt, Jakob L. Leigh, Samantha A. Mcneil, Malcolm J. Gibb

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The increasing dominance of purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea in heathland ecosystems in the UK is of growing concern due to its detrimental impact on plant and animal diversity on sites of nature conservation interest. The use of free-ranging ponies to reduce Molinia dominance was investigated from 2017 to 2019 within a 425 ha site on Dartmoor, UK. Salt blocks were used to attract the ponies to a Molinia-dominated area of heath within the site, away from their previously-preferred grazing areas. The impact of pony grazing was assessed by measurements of vegetation structure and plant species composition. The increased presence of …

Atomic Spectrometry Update: Review Of Advances In Elemental Speciation, Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Yolanda Madrid, Julian F. Tyson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This review covers advances in elemental speciation by a range of coupled techniques, including HPLC-ICP-MS, HPLC-HG-AFS and GC-ICP-MS.

Global Catastrophic Risk From Lower Magnitude Volcanic Eruptions, Lara Mani, Asaf Tzachor, Paul Cole

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Globalisation supports the clustering of critical infrastructure systems, sometimes in proximity to lower-magnitude (VEI 3–6) volcanic centres. In this emerging risk landscape, moderate volcanic eruptions might have cascading, catastrophic effects. Risk assessments ought to be considered in this light.

Potentially Toxic Elements Status And Distribution In Usangu Agroecosystem-Tanzania, Marco Mng'ong'o, Sean Comber, Linus K. Munishi, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, William Blake, Thomas H. Hutchinson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Law, Institution And State Industrial Promotion, Yong Shik Lee

Indian Journal of International Economic Law

This article examines state industrial promotion from legal and institutional perspectives. Economists have argued since the 18th century on the economic efficiency of government involvement in the economy. While state-led development policies in some of the most successful development cases, such as South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and more recently, China, have been effective, many have doubted the wisdom of government involvement in the economy. Where the availability of information is limited and the financial market is imperfect (which are the inherent conditions of less-developed countries), the government can provide beneficial initiatives in productive industrial pursuits, as demonstrated by …

Geometric Morphometric Analyses Define Riverine And Lacustrine Species Flocks Of Himalayan Snowtrout (Cyprinidae: Schizothorax) In Nepal, Binod Regmi, Marlis R. Douglas, David R. Edds, Michael E. Douglas

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Freshwater fishes in the river and lake systems in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau are morphologically diverged but the evolutionary relationship of putative subspecies separated in these freshwater systems has not been explored. Snowtrout (Schizothorax spp.) are minnows (Cyprinidae) broadly distributed in Asia. Body shapes of 3 Lake Rara (northwest Nepal) endemics (S. macrophthalmus, S. nepalensis, S. raraensis) and 2 widely distributed riverine species (S. progastus, S. richardsonii) across 3 drainages in Nepal (i.e. Karnali, Gandaki, and Koshi Rivers) were studied using geometric morphometry. Data were derived from museum voucher specimens/tissues collected …

Young Adults’ Community Trust And Participation In A Community Service Center In Indonesia, Adhytiawarman Gautama Putra

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the field of national security, Indonesia has community service centers known as the community police communication forum, or FKPM, an informal institution formed by community members to assist the police in implementing community policing (CP). FKPM can be found in various regions of Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain the opinions of young adult members about FKPM regarding their trust and participation in FKPM activities. Fifteen active FKPM members participated in telephone interviews. The results showed that the young adults in this study believed in FKPM but lacked information about FKPM programs and activities in their …

The Elastics Of Snap Removal: An Empirical Case Study Of Textualism, Thomas O. Main, Jeffrey W. Stempel, David Mcclure

Scholarly Works

This article reports the findings of an empirical study of textualism as applied by federal judges interpreting the statute that permits removal of diversity cases from state to federal court. The “snap removal” provision in the statute is particularly interesting because its application forces judges into one of two interpretive camps—which are fairly extreme versions of textualism and purposivism, respectively. We studied characteristics of cases and judges to find predictors of textualist outcomes. In this article we offer a narrative discussion of key variables and we detail the results of our logistic regression analysis. The most salient predictive variable was …

Infected Judgment: Problematic Rush To Conventional Wisdom And Insurance Coverage Denial In A Pandemic, Erik S. Knutsen, Jeffrey W. Stempel

Scholarly Works

The COVID-19 pandemic created not only a public health crisis but also an insurance coverage imbroglio, prompting near-immediate business interruption claims by policyholders impacted by government restrictions ordered in response to the pandemic. Insurers and their representatives "presponded" to the looming coverage claims by quickly moving to denigrate arguments for coverage, engaging in a pre-emptive strike that has largely worked to date, inducing too many courts to rush to judgment by declaring-as a matter of law-that policy terms such as "direct physical loss or damage" do not even arguably encompass the business shutdowns resulting from COVID-19. Our closer examination of …

Sex, Crime, And Serostatus, Courtney Cross

Scholarly Works

The HIV crisis in the United States is far from over. The confluence of widespread opioid usage, high rates of HIV infection, and rapidly shrinking rural medical infrastructure has created a public health powder keg across the American South. Yet few states have responded to this grim reality by expanding social and medical services. Instead, criminalizing the behavior of people with HIV remains an overused and counterproductive tool for addressing this crisis-especially in the South, where HIV-specific criminal laws are enforced with the most frequency.

People living with HIV are subject to arrest, prosecution, and lengthy prison sentences if they …