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The Yale Demonstration And Research Forest Near Keene, New Hampshire, James W. Toumey

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The purpose of this bulletin is to describe the Yale Demonstration and Research Forest near Keene, New Hampshire. It is a contribution toward the solution of various forestry problems that confront the owners of growing timber in southern New Hampshire. The forestry conditions herein described and the methods of management on this Forest, together with costs and receipts since 1913 when the Forest was established, supply a fund of information to private owners of forest land in southern New Hampshire and provide a basis for the possible establishment of silvicultural practice in their own holdings with due regard for the …

Campus Crier, Central Washington University

Student Newspaper

Student newspaper for Central Washington University for October 8, 1931

Science Bulletin, Vol.4 No.1, September 1931 [Complete Issue]

Science Bulletin

A Service Bulletin for Teachers of High School Science.

Science Clubs In High School, C. W. Lantz

Science Bulletin

The high school has placed a great deal of emphasis on certain extracurricular activities such as athletics, debating, dramatics, etc., but very little attention has been given to any extra-curricular activities in science. Since science does play such an important place in our lives, it seems desirable to consider the possibilities of some extra-curricular activities in high school science. The high school science club offers such an opportunity.

General Science, L. Begeman

Science Bulletin

What is General Science? It is wholly an environmental study-not merely one's natural environment but more particularly his man-made environment. In this day and age three-fourths of a man's existence is spent in an environment of invention whether it be in the home or on the street.

Trenched Plots Under Forest Canopies, James W. Toumey, Raymond Kienholz

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The relative importance of light and soil moisture in particular is better known than that of other environmental factors. We are coming to believe that the nature and condition of the reproduction and other surface vegetation beneath living canopies are not due to any single factor such as light or soil moisture, but to a complex of factors.

Root Growth Of White Pine (Pinus Strobus L.), Clark Leavitt Stevens

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

Periodic measurements were made throughout two growing seasons to determine the rate of growth in length of lateral roots of white pine, four to six years old, planted in open fields.....Wide variation between individual roots was observed in the amount of growth made annually.

The Evergreen Forests Of Liberia: A Report On Investigations Made In The West African Republic Of Liberia By The Yale University School Of Forestry In Cooperation With The Firestone Plantations Company, G. Proctor Cooper, Samuel J. Record

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

Liberia is a forested country and a large proportion of it is covered with what is popularly known as jungle. This is the region of abundant rainfall and the forests are evergreen. The term 'evergreen' refers to the fact that the forest appears in full leaf the year round and does not signify conifers, for in all the country there is not a Pine or Fir or Hemlock or Cedar, such as constitute the evergreen forests of the North. The West African forests are composed of broadleaf trees and palms.

The Eli Whitney Forest: A Demonstration Of Forestry Practice, Ralph C. Hawley, William Maughan

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

This publication has been prepared as a contribution toward solving some of the forestry problems with which owners of woodland are confronted. Forest conditions and details and methods of forest management on one property, the Eli Whitney Forest, are set forth here in the hope that the recital may provide a helpful object lesson.

The Effect Of Soil Moisture On The Establishment Of Spruce Reproduction In British Columbia, Percy Munson Barr

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

Most of the field work has been conducted at the Aleza Lake Forest Experiment Station, in the valley of the Upper Fraser River, near the city of Prince George [British Columbia].

I. A series of twelve permanent plots (numbers 1 to 12) was established for the purpose of studying the occurrence of natural reproduction on various types of seed bed, under different densities of overwood and on northern and southern aspects. 2. A second series of four plots (numbers 17 to 20) was laid out in logged-off land for the purpose of studying the survival and growth of advance reproduction …

Diameter Distribution Series In Evenaged Forest Stands, Walter H. Meyer

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

BOTH in natural and in planted forest stands trees vary greatly in diameter, form, and height, even when the trees are all of the same age. For example, in a natural forest stand of Douglas fir, aged seventy years and located on a poor growing site, the trees may range from 5 to 18 inches in diameter at breast height (4.5 feet above the ground). The numbers of trees in the range of diameter .classes are not equal, but are small in classes at the extremes of the range and large in the central classes. If these numbers were plotted …

Control Of The White Pine Weevil On The Eli Whitney Forest, William Maughan

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

During the summer of 1930 the author made an investigation to determine the actual results of the control work. The results show that the weevil can be controlled on certain sites. The removal of infested tips brings about a marked reduction in the amount of infestation evident during succeeding years. The reduction first becomes noticeable the second or third year after the work is started. In the stands in which treatment has been completed more than enough acceptable stems have been secured on the medium and better sites. On the poorer sites enough acceptable stems are not secured even though …

Colloidal Content And Related Soil Factors As Indicators Of Site Quality, Irvine T. Haig

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

This paper presents a study of the correlation between soil colloidal content and soil productiveness and hence a measure of the value of colloidal content in determining site quality. The character of this investigation also permitted incidental observation and comment on the relative value of organic matter, soil acidity, and soil type and class as similar measures. The findings are directly applicable to the forest soils of southern Connecticut and, more particularly, to such of these soils as occur commonly in the vicinity of New Haven. Since these soils are typical of the brown, weakly podsolized forest soils of southern …

Some Aspects Of Soil Moisture In The Forest, Ian J. Craib

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

By determining the moisture content of carefully selected soil samples taken at various depths down to three feet, the moisture content of soils in the forest and in the open have been compared. The soils investigated were similar in their mechanical properties. Part I is an investigation of the effect of forest cover on the amount of water in the soil over the growing season and its availability. Part II is an investigation of the effect of root competition on the available water supply of forest soils.

Some Aspects Of Light In The Forest, Amihud Grasovsky

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

In this present investigation an attempt is made to determine experimentally to what extent light controls the vegetation on the forest floor and, consequently, succession of the forest flora, and whether under natural canopies light can be looked upon as a limiting factor in plant survival.

The general conclusion reached is that the intensity and quality of the light reaching the forest floor are not the determining factors in accounting for the presence or absence of reproduction in the fully stocked forest where the investigation was made.

Economic Aspects Of The Boulder Canyon Project, Leonard Mckaig

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The recent passage of the Swing-Johnson bill by Congress and its approval by the President has been the signal for a general rejoicing throughout the West, and especially in Southern California, the section to be meet directly benefited by this legislation. There has been a widespread feeling that the long fight for Federal development of this great western river is over, and that we may begin shortly to realize some concrete returns upon our investment. Press reports indicate that many are already seeking work on the construction of the dam at Black Canyon, in anticipation of the immediate launching of …

Trends And Silvicultural Significance Of Upland Forest Successions In Southern New England, Harold J. Lutz

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The problems encountered in the silvicultural treatment of southern New England forests are many. They result largely from the extremely diverse and complex conditions under which the forest is developed. Due to the glaciated nature of the region the soil character changes radically within relatively short distances. With changes in soil from place to place come minor changes of forest composition. One of the chief reasons for the problems which the silviculturalist encounters in this region is the large number of species which make up the stands. There are approximately thirty commercially important forest trees in southern New England. The …

The Testing Of Coniferous Tree Seeds At The School Of Forestry, Yale University, 1906-1926, James W. Toumey, Clark L. Stevens

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

Quality in forest tree seed centers in (a) origin; (b) genuineness; (c) purity; and (d) viability. The purchaser should insist on knowing the origin of the seed and the locality where it was collected.

Without seed testing establishments for investigating forest tree seeds by standardized methods under an established technique, nurserymen and foresters will continue to sow seed beds and undertake direct seeding without an adequate knowledge of the origin, genuineness, purity, and viability of the seeds used.

Factors Controlling Germination And Early Survival In Oaks, Clarence F. Korstian

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

There is little information available upon the seed and seedling characteristics of the American oaks. Among the fundamental problems in American silviculture, those which relate to seed efficiency are especially important. The future productiveness of the hardwood forests in which chestnut has been an important·element rests largely upon seed and sprout efficiency. Seed efficiency is governed by (I) seed production, (2) seed distribution, and (3) the factors affecting the reproductive value of the seed, such as viability, storage of seed in the litter of the forest floor, and destruction by insects and rodents.

A Second Progress Report Of The Results Secured In Treating Pure White Pine Stands On Experimental Plots At Keene, New Hampshire, Ralph C. Hawley

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

In October, 1905, nineteen permanent sample plots were established in the white pine type near Keene, New Hampshire, by the United States Forest Service in cooperation with the Faulkner and Colony Manufacturing Company on lands owned by the latter.! The plots were remeasured in 1909 and again in 1915 by representatives of the United States Forest Service. After the 1915 measurement the plots were turned over to the Yale School of Forestry. In 1920 the plots were remeasured for the third time, three additional plots were established and six of the original plots were discontinued. A fourth remeasurement was made …

Biennial Report: Everglades Drainage District Engineering Department 1925-1926, F C. Elliot

City and Regional Planning -- Florida

Report on Everglades drainage and other engineering projects 1925-1926, published 1927

Soil Temperature As Influenced By Forest Cover, Tsi-Tung Li

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The purpose of this investigation is to study the effect of the forest on soil temperature at definite depths, expressed in terms of daily maximum and daily minimum. By forest is meant not only the trees but the surface vegetation and litter as well. Effort was made to preserve the vegetation and litter from being disturbed over the period covered by the investigation.

Studies Of Connecticut Hardwoods: The Form Of Hardwoods And Volume Tables On A Form Quotient Basis, Ralph C. Hawley, Rogers G. Wheaton

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

SATISFACTORY volume tables for Connecticut Hardwoods have been . lacking. Considering the fact that the forestry movement within the state started a quarter of a century ago, this condition may seem strange. The scarcity of large bodies of timber, the diverse mixture of species in the average stand requiring several volume tables, and the fact that timber estimating as a business is of relatively lower importance here than in the more heavily timbered regions, account for the failure to develop volume tables. Foresters working within the region have been content to estimate timber by log unit methods or to adapt …

Factors Determining Natural Reproduction Of Longleaf Pine On Cut-Over Lands In Lasalle Parish, Louisiana, Herman H. Chapman

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The original ' pine forests, of the southern states covered from 125 to 130 million acres of land, about two-thirds of which was Longleaf pine. Four-fifths of this area had been cut over by 1920, leaving about 230 million acres, one-half of which is Longleaf pine. Of the cut-over lands, 31 million acres have not restocked. The Longleaf pine has thus been the principal tree crop on about 85 million acres of land, of which 11% million acres remained' in 1920, giving a cut-over area of nearly 73 million acres, or 114,062 square miles. This area is nearly half the …

Boxwoods, Samuel J. Record, George A. Garratt

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

True boxwood, commonly called Turkish boxwood, is derived from a small group of plants, of which the common evergreen ·box of our gardens is the type. To this group the famous botanist Linnaeus gave the generic name of Buxis, the Latin for box tree. He called the best known member of it Buxis sempervirens, which is' but another form of Ovid's "buxus perpetuo virens," the evergreen box. For long this was considered the only species, though various forms and varieties came to be recognized, several of which have since been elevated by other botanists to specific rank.

The Transportation Of Logs On Sleds, Alexander Michael Koroleff, Ralph C. Bryant

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

Heavy sleds, designed to transport timber from the forest to water courses down which it is floated or to haul it to mill or market, have been perfected chiefly in the United States and Canada. The importance of this method is indicated by the fact that it is used in transporting approximately 90 per cent of the annual log input of New England and New York, 80 per cent of that of the Lake States, and 100 per cent of that of Alaska and of Canada, exclusive of British Columbia.

The credit for the development of sled-hauling methods in the …

Studies Of Connecticut Hardwoods: The Treatment Of Advance Growth Arising As A Result Of Thinnings And Shelterwood Cuttings, Louis J. Leffelman, Ralph C. Hawley

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The typical hardwood stand with which the silviculturist in Connecticut has to deal is even-aged in form. The causes which operated in the past to create stands of this character are thoroughly understood and do not require consideration in this study. That even-aged stands, particularly when densely stocked and composed of comparatively intolerant species, require thinning to develop the most vigorous individuals and to obtain maximum production, is an accepted principle of silviculture.

The study separates logically into five parts:

1. A system of classification for the woody vegetation.

2. Amount, character, and distribution of the advance growth and of …

A Preliminary List Of The Flora Of The Perkiomen Region, Whorten A. Kline, Thomas R. Brendle, Joseph R. Mumbauer

Faculty Monographs and Chapters

41 page annotated list of vascular plants collected by the authors in and around the Perkiomen Creek in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. "About the year 1915 Dr. Kline, Brendle and Mumbauer began to make weekly collecting trips. This preliminary catalogue rests mostly upon the work done on these trips." [from the Foreword]

Nursery Investigations With Special Reference To Damping-Off, J W. Toumey, T T. Li

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The object of this investigation is therefore fourfold: 1. To determine an effective means of control of damping-off in the School of Forestry Nursery. 2. To determine the effects of different soil sanitation agents on the germination and later growth of coniferous stock. 3. To determine the effects of different sanitation agents on the germination and growth of weeds. 4. To determine the effects of different sanitation agents on the physical characteristics of the soil.

Insolation: A Factor In The Natural Regeneration Of Certain Conifers, James W. Toumey

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

The primary object in view in making and recording the investigations herein set forth was to learn to what extent the survival of white pine seedlings, during the season following germination in the field, is inhibited by insolation and by the drying of the surface soil and what the climatic and cover conditions are that control losses by each. The question requiring solution is: To what extent can losses due to insolation. and surface soil desiccation be controlled by the nature and density of the vegetative cover?