Digital Commons Network^™

Valorization Of Spent Coffee Grounds As Feedstock For Biodiesel Production Using Supercritical Fluid Technology, Wirasinee Supang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Spent coffee grounds (SCGs) is the solid residue generated during coffee brewing. The amount of SCGs tends to increase annually due to the growth of the coffee industry. The valorization of SCGs can reduce this huge waste by using SCGs as the feedstock for biodiesel production. This study used green technology for biodiesel production. To evaluate the potential of SCGs, the characterization of SCGs and the optimization of biodiesel production from SCGs using supercritical fluid technology were investigated. Moreover, to understand the possibility of biodiesel production from the SCGs process on an industrial scale, techno-economic analysis (TEA) was applied to …

Winner Prediction Model For Basketball Matches Based On Statistical Data Of Teams, Players, And Line-Ups, Chanin Witheesawas

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

NBA league in the United States for professional basketball league is considered the world-famous basketball league with the highest money circulation. Basketball players around the world would rather join the league. Also, many entrepreneurs would like to become a sponsor of a basketball team in the NBA league to increase the business opportunities leading to higher revenue especially a sponsor of a team that wins the NBA championship more than other teams. Therefore, every NBA team must develop a proper strategic plan to win the NBA championship. Hence, it is the beginning of this thesis to use seven popular machine …

Machine Learning For Increasing Productivity In Shrimp Hatchery, Boonyapron Kaowleg

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The quality of shrimp hatcheries directly impacts the survival and growth of shrimp during the grow-out stage, with poor hatchery conditions increasing the risk of infections and reducing overall productivity. This study explores the potential of machine learning to enhance productivity in shrimp hatcheries in Thailand, focusing on improving the accuracy of hatchery success predictions. Four machine learning models were developed and compared to predict shrimp hatchery outcomes based on historical data. Data were collected from multiple sources, which presented challenges in terms of variability, missing values, and the need for extensive pre-processing. The results showed that the random forest …

Streaming Image Classification Using Class-Wise Incremental Learning And Pre-Trained Convolution Neural Network, Kongkan Kalakan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Learning in deep learning architectures for computer vision is a resource-intensive process. Although the accuracy of state-of-the-art models has improved over time, these methods still require significant time and memory to process large datasets, particularly in the context of streaming image data. The necessity to store and reprocess old data each time new data is introduced leads to inefficient resource usage. A more efficient approach is to learn from data in chunks and discard the previously processed data. However, this strategy often results in catastrophic forgetting. In this study, we propose a novel algorithm called CNN-SCIL, which enhances the Streaming …

Identifying Unsafety Gesture Of Drivers Using Deep Learning, Yibei Bai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis presents the use of deep learning to identify two unsafe gestures of drivers: (1) holding the wheel with one hand and performing an action with the other hand, and (2) talking on the phone while driving. These gestures can distract the driver, potentially leading to accidents. Four models were compared and evaluated. Additionally, the study introduces the Driver Action Expression (DAE) dataset, collected through a road driving experiment focusing on driver behavior. The issue of imbalanced data was considered. The Xception model shows the best performance compared to other models, leading to its selection as the primary model …

Logistic Stochastic Differential Equation Driven By Fractional Brownian Motion, Thanayuth Promkong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this work, the logistic stochastic differential equation (SDE) driven by fractional Brownian motion (FBM) is proposed. We derive the exact solution of this SDE using the fractional Itô's formula with respect to FBM and investigate the probabilistic properties of the solution, namely the mean and the $k$-th moment, using Taylor series approximation. The simulation of sample paths using the direct formula of the exact solution of this SDE driven by FBM with various Hurst parameters, along with that of the corresponding SDE driven by standard Brownian motion, is performed to demonstrate the behaviors of these SDEs and affirm our …

3d-Printed Flexible Polyacrylamide/Alginate Gel Polymer Electrolyte For Zinc Ion Baterry, Napassorn Wongduangpa

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Flexible and wearable electronic devices are gaining widespread popularity due to their portability and user-friendly design. These devices include electrical sensors, flexible displays, smart clothing, and on-body health monitoring devices. The demand for these devices depends on their ability to maintain flexibility, light weight, bending ability, twisting ability, and ease of portability, such as being foldable under intense usage conditions. These flexible and wearable electronics require a suitable power source, typically batteries. Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are widely used due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, ZIBs still face limitations in terms of flexible and durable electrolytes, which pose …

Pricing Option On Commodity Under Schwartz Model By Using Finite Difference Method, Peerawit Kalaphakdee

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This work aims for finding prices of options with underlying assets considered as commodities, where the price of commodity is assumed to follow a mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, namely, the Schwartz one-factor model. The prices of both European and American options are obtained by employing the finite different methods (FDMs) for solving parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) generated from Feynman-Kac theorem. In this work, we construct three FDMs to solve PDEs, namely FTCS, BTCS and CN methods. The accuracy of FDMs are validated and confirmed by numerical examples for European options by comparing with analytical results from Black-Scholes type formula and …

Characterization Of Geuda Sapphires From Sri Lanka, Hussain Akiff Mohamed Faleel

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Geuda sapphire samples from the Kataragama and Ratnapura deposits in Sri Lanka were classified into milky, silky, and diesel varieties. Each sample was sliced into two pieces and subjected to two different heat treatments. The first slice was heated to 1750°C in a gas furnace using LPG, creating an oxygen-reduced environment, while the second slice was annealed at 1650°C in an electric furnace under oxidizing condition. Both heating methods produced similar results for the milky and diesel geuda varieties. However, in the silky geuda, which contained needle-like ilmenite inclusions, the gas furnace under oxygen-reduced conditions yielded more pronounced effects. In …

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids For Natural Gas Sweetening, Umar Muhammad Yahaya

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Sour natural gas (SNG) contains significant amounts of H2S, CO2, and other sulfur-containing components which need to be reduced to the required level suitable for safe transportation and usage. In this work, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations of five Phosphonium-based Ionic Liquids (PILs) with a formulated gas mixture containing 80% CH4, 10% CO2, 5% H2S, and 5% N2, reflecting a typical composition of SNG. The simulation was performed at 300 K and 50 bar for 100 ns and five PILs studied were tetrabutylphosphonium acetate ([P4444][ACE]), tetrabutylphosphonium formate ([P4444][FOR]), tetrabutylphosphonium methyl carbonate ([P4444][MTC]), tetrabutylphosphonium dimethylphosphate ([P4444][DMP]), and tetrabutylphosphonium diethylphosphate ([P4444][DEP]). Analysis …

Prediction The Dose Distributions Of Prostate Cancer Patients Using Deep Learning, Pumipat Chaikamthorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is one of the advanced modalities in recent radiotherapy. It uses the inverse treatment planning system for optimization and dose calculation. However, this approach is a trial-and-error process, which takes a long time. An accurate deep-learning model that can predict the dose would solve this issue. This approach can save more treatment planning time, by guiding the planners to the optimum dose while maintaining the plan quality. The 40 previously treated prostate cancer plans were collected the volumetric information of PTV and OARs, overlapping volume, and the dosimetric information. The regression deep learning model, which …

Seroprevalence And Epidemiology Of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) Among Young Children In Thailand, Siripat Pasittungkul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a significant cause of both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, capable of affecting both children and adults, with the potential for reinfection throughout life. Despite the current availability of an RSV vaccine for pregnant women and the elderly, RSV remains a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children globally. Reinfections by the same or different RSV subgroups in children residing in the tropics are currently under-studied. Therefore, This study investigated the seroprevalence and epidemiology of RSV infections in Thai children. Our seroprevalence study (2015-2020) involved 302 mothers and …

ปัจจัยด้านพฤติกรรมของนักแสดงซีรีส์วายกับการยุติการเป็นแฟน, ชรินรัตน์ องค์เพลาเพลิด

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ (1) ศึกษาระดับผลกระทบของพฤติกรรมนักแสดงซีรีส์วายต่อการตัดสินใจยุติการเป็นแฟน และ (2) วิเคราะห์ปัจจัยที่ทำให้แฟนของนักแสดงซีรีส์วายที่มีประเด็นข่าวเชิงลบตัดสินใจยังคงการเป็นแฟนหรือยุติการเป็นแฟน ผ่านการศึกษาวิจัยเชิงปริมาณและคุณภาพ จากการสํารวจกลุ่มตัวอย่างแฟนคลับนักแสดงซีรีส์วายไทย ทั้งหมด 401 คน และ การสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกจากแฟนคลับนักแสดงซีรีส์วายไทย ทั้งหมด 14 คน แบ่งเป็น แฟนที่ยังติดตามนักแสดงซีรีส์วายอยู่ จำนวน 6 คน และแฟนที่เลิกติดตามนักแสดงซีรีส์วายด้วยปัจจัยพฤติกรรมจำนวน 8 คน ผลการวิจัยพบว่าปัจจัยหลักด้านพฤติกรรมของนักแสดงซีรีส์วายที่ทำให้แฟนคลับตัดสินใจยุติการเป็นแฟนสูงที่สุด คือ พฤติกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการล่วงละเมิดทางเพศกับผู้เยาว์ พฤติกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการข่มขืน พฤติกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการฉ้อโกง พฤติกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการอนาจาร ซึ่งหากนักแสดงซีรีส์วายมีพฤติกรรมในกลุ่มนี้ แฟนมีแนวโน้มที่จะยุติการเป็นแฟนในทันที ในขณะที่พฤติกรรมอื่น ๆ อาจจะมีการให้อภัย และยังเป็นแฟนต่อไป โดยขึ้นอยู่กับปัจจัยภายในคือ เพศ อายุ การศึกษา มุมมองที่มีต่อนักแสดง รูปแบบการเป็นแฟน และปัจจัยภายนอกคือ พฤติกรรมในอดีต การตอบสนองของค่าย/ศิลปิน พฤติกรรมที่เกิดขึ้นซ้ำ การเข้าถึงข้อมูลข่าวสาร และคนรอบข้าง/กระแสสังคม ดังนั้นเพื่อป้องกันการยุติการเป็นแฟน นักแสดงซีรีส์วายควรจะสร้างความเชื่อมั่นและความไว้วางใจให้กับแฟน รักษาภาพลักษณ์ที่ดี สื่อสารกับแฟนคลับอย่างสม่ำเสมอ เข้าใจความต้องการของแฟน และพัฒนาตนเองอย่างต่อเนื่อง ส่วนค่ายของนักแสดงควรที่จะให้ความสำคัญกับการคัดเลือกนักแสดงที่มีความสามารถและพฤติกรรมที่ดี วางแผนการตลาดให้เหมาะสมกับภาพลักษณ์ และใส่ใจในเรื่องการจัดการวิกฤตอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ

Chinese Consumers’ Perception Of Thailand As A Tourism Destination Via Xiaohongshu Platform, Zihuan Xu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study examines how prior travel experience, demographic factors, and user-generated content (UGC) on Xiaohongshu collectively influence Chinese consumers’ perceptions of Thailand as a tourist destination, with a focus on shopping. Consumer perception is analyzed across four dimensions: cognition, emotion, language, and behavior. The findings reveal that prior travel experience has the most significant impact, with those who have visited Thailand showing more positive perceptions across all dimensions compared to those who have not. Demographic factors, such as age and occupation, also play a role, particularly in influencing language. Exposure to Xiaohongshu UGC primarily affects the behavioral dimension, enhancing purchase …

Fans Perceptions And Fans Engagement Of “Bed Friend Series”, Fiona Paramatmika

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The objective of the research is to explore the fan perception and fan engagement of “Bed Friend Series”. The research used In-depth interview method from 20 key informants from the fandom living in different countries. The research examines how fans perceive the series’ themes, characters, and storylines, as well as their interaction with its leading actors, Net Siraphop and James Su. Utilizing qualitative methods, twenty informants from diverse backgrounds were interviewed to understand their emotional connections and participatory behaviors across online and offline platforms. Findings reveal that fans hold the series in high regard for its portrayal of relationships and …

Indian Tourists’ Perceptions Of Inclusive Tourism In Thailand With A Focus On Media Influence And Cultural Differences, Shikha Patwal

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study examined Indian tourists’ perceptions of LGBTQ+ inclusivity in Thailand, with a focus on the roles of media influence and cultural differences. As Thailand is a prominent destination for LGBTQ+ tourism in Southeast Asia, understanding how cultural nuances impact Indian tourists' experiences offers valuable insights. The research employs a qualitative approach, gathering data through in-depth interviews with 10 Indian tourists who have visited Thailand. The findings suggest that Indian tourists generally perceive Thailand as a welcoming and safe space for LGBTQ+ individuals, contrasting with India’s more conservative social landscape. Media representations, including social media, significantly shape expectations of inclusivity, …

An Investigation Of Simulation Research Trends In Asian Countries From 2006 To 2021 - A Bibliometric Review, Lulu Sherif Mahmood, Felicita Livia Saldanha, Sinéad Lydon, Paul O’Connor, Dara Byrne, Caoimhe Madden

Health Professions Education

In this bibliometric review, we have examined five English-language journals to investigate the distribution and characteristics of simulation-based research in Asia from 2006 to 2021. The handsearching method was used for accessing articles from online issues. Eight variables were extracted and the frequency of each variable within 2 time frames (2012-2016; 2016 to 2021) was quantified to compare the trends. The results depicted that a majority were research publications (86.4%) from Eastern and Western Asia, with intervention (66.1%) as the primary focus and mannequin (34.7%) as the major simulation modality. There was an equal representation of healthcare professionals (47.5%) and …

Effects Of Physical Exercise On Academic Performance In University Students: A Systematic Review, Yury Rosales-Ricardo, Verónica Cáceres-Manzano

Health Professions Education

Purpose: to evaluate the scientific evidence on the effects of physical exercise on the academic performance of university students, through a systematic review.

Methods: Eleven hundred and fifty-three studies emerged from this search, based on the following selection criteria: articles published in the last 5 years, original studies of different types: experimental at any level, correlational, analytical, and observational, where any type of physical exercise is applied, in undergraduate university students, of any sex and university career. The review was finally performed with only 11 studies. Search for appropriate manuscripts was based on the following descriptive terms: "Exercise" …

Factors Affecting The Questioning Ability Of Neophyte Undergraduate Nursing Students In The Classroom, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Raisa Gul

Health Professions Education

Questioning is one of the most commonly used strategies in the instructional process. Well-constructed and appropriate levels of questions stimulate imagination, ignite curiosity, and promote critical thinking. Questioning is an important academic tool in all disciplines but it is more significant for healthcare disciplines for making decisions impacting life and death situations. A grey zone exists on facilitative and hindering factors for asking questions during the instruction deliberations. This study aimed to explore the students’ perspective on the significance of asking questions and the factors affecting their ability to ask questions in a classroom setting. A descriptive qualitative study recruited …

Academic Well-Being In Medical Students: The Role Of Spiritual Health And Academic Hope, Zahra Taheri-Kharameh, Zohreh Khalili, Hossein Sharafi, Iman Khahan-Yazdi

Health Professions Education

Purpose. Academic well-being plays a crucial role in the success and satisfaction of medical students. However, the factors that contribute to academic well-being in this population are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the impact of spiritual health and hope on predicting academic well-being in a sample of medical students from Iran.

Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 medical students from a university in Iran. The participants completed the Spiritual Health Scale, the Hope for Education Scale and the Academic Well-being Scale. The data collection was conducted in the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. …

Early Student Attrition From Medical Schools: A Scoping Review, Ashraf F. Hefny, Mai A. Fathi, Nirmin A. Mansour, Mohamed A. Al-Ali

Health Professions Education

Purpose: The number of medical school applicants far exceeds the number of available positions, leading to intense competition. Despite previous academic success and high scores, some students find it difficult to cope with course demands and drop out. This scoping review aims to address potential gaps in the literature on early student attrition from medical schools, including the influence of the admission process and curricula.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant articles published in English-language, peer-reviewed journals. The search was scanned from inception to January 2021 using online databases PubMed, Scopus, and ERIC. Covidence …

Perceived Interprofessional Learning Readiness In Healthcare Profession: A Cross-Sectional Study, Shashidhara Yn, Siva N, Elissa Ladd, Selvam Ramachandran, Baby S Nayak, Binil Velayudhan

Health Professions Education

Introduction: Interprofessional education has gained considerable attention as a practical approach to enhancing collaborative and patient-centered care in healthcare. To effectively prepare future healthcare professionals for successful interprofessional collaboration, assessing their readiness and identifying improvement areas is essential. This research aims to investigate the readiness of health profession students for interprofessional learning.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among health profession students from multiple disciplines, including medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy. The demographic proforma and standardized Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) were used in the study to collect the data. The data were analyzed using …

Informing Academia: Predictors Of Decision Fatigue Among Nursing Students, Mohammed Munther Al-Hammouri, Jehad Rababah, Jorn Dormans

Health Professions Education

Objectives: The academic life of health professions students, especially nursing, is highly demanding and involves frequent and sequential critical decisions, leading to decision fatigue (DF) and declining decision-making quality. While decision fatigue has been studied in other fields, its implications in health professions, especially nursing, are relatively new. This study aimed to identify predictors of decision fatigue among nursing students, focusing on behavioral, psychological, and spiritual aspects.

Methods: The current study employed a cross-sectional design, recruiting nurses from three major referral hospitals in Jordan via online surveys using valid and reliable measures.

Results: The data from 446 …

Project-Based Learning And Student Outcomes In Health Professions Education: A Literature Review, Melanie Aley, Regina Lee, Jordana Wang, Joy Wang, Sophia Zheng

Health Professions Education

Purpose. Project-based learning (PjBL) is an instructional method designed to help students cultivate skills transferable beyond traditional education systems focused on didactic learning. This literature review aims to critically summarise existing literature on PjBL and its value in tertiary health professions curricula, especially with regards to cognitive, affective and behavioral student outcomes. In doing so, this study seeks to inform teaching and learning approaches that nurture skills desirable in professional settings.

Method. An electronic search for relevant English journal articles was conducted using four databases; EBSCOhost, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus. Studies which pre-date 2012, fail to …

Attitudes Toward And Readiness For Medical Artificial Intelligence Among Medical And Health Science Students, Jonas Preposi Cruz, Anara Sembekova, Dinara Omirzakova, Srinivasa Rao Bolla, Ejercito Mangawa Balay-Odao

Health Professions Education

Purpose: This study assessed general attitudes toward artificial intelligence and medical artificial intelligence readiness among medical and health sciences students and examined the factors that influence the medical artificial intelligence readiness of the students.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative online survey was conducted among medical and health sciences students. We employed the 'General Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence Scale' (GAAIS) to assess students' artificial intelligence attitudes and the 'Medical Artificial Intelligence Readiness of Students Scale for Medical Students' (MAIRS-MS) to measure student readiness for medical artificial intelligence.

Results: Nearly all students did not receive/ attend any experience of …

A Comprehensive Study Of The Literature On The Implications Of Covid-19 Epidemic On Pupils' Academic Performance In The Educational System, Md Sarfaraz Alam, Milap Sharma, Waseem Ahmad, Zulquernain Mallick

Health Professions Education

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 epidemic negatively affected every aspect of society on a global scale, including the economy, healthcare, and education. This affected "1.6 billion" students and "63 million" teachers globally, as "191 countries" closed schools nationwide.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to review the state-of-the-art and emerging trends in the field of COVID-19 and student academic performance (SAP).

METHODS: A comprehensive analysis considering various factors has been utilized to evaluate the current level of research on COVID-19 and the SAP. In this study, “content analysis” approach was used for a “systematic literature review (SLR)” on …

User Acceptance Towards Virtual Reality For Basic Life Supports Teaching In A Multi Professional Education Context, Diantha Soemantri, Uti Nilam Sari, Aldy Heriwardito, Luthfi Saiful Arif

Health Professions Education

Purpose. To examine students’ acceptance of basic life support (BLS) virtual reality (VR). The study’s aim is based on the first level of Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model. Method. A cross-sectional study examined at Health Sciences Cluster (HSC) students’ acceptance of BLS VR used in a multi-professional course conducted in the HSC Universitas Indonesia, in 2023. A total of 759 first-year HSC students from five professions/schools (medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy and public health) were recruited in this study. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with maximum likelihood and varimax rotation was used to assess the questionnaire’ construct validity. An open ended question was …

Structural Conditions Influencing Postgraduate Education Uptake By South African Emergency Care Practitioners, Naseef Abdullah, Simpiwe Sobuwa, Patricia Mcinerney

Health Professions Education

Background

The prehospital field of Emergency Medical Care urgently requires a generation of practitioners capable of engaging in research and advancing the profession through evidence-based practice. The paucity of prehospital-specific research necessitates a deeper understanding of the factors that influence agency in Emergency Care Practitioners (ECPs) to pursue or eschew postgraduate education, as this impacts the development of the prehospital emergency medical care field in South Africa.

Objective

To identify the structural conditions that influence Emergency Care Practitioners to pursue or eschew postgraduate education.

Methods

This study employed a mixed-method exploratory sequential research design, integrating a qualitative phase framed by …

Regulatory Approaches To Consumer Protection In The Financial Sector And Beyond: Towards A Smart Disclosure Regime?, Nydia Remolina, Yvonne Ai-Chi Loh, David Hardoon

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

Consumer and data protection policies often focus on consent and information disclosure. The purpose of these regulatory strategies is the protection of consumers by reducing some contracting failures, such as asymmetries of information and a lower bargaining power, especially in transactions involving complex issues such as financial products and sensitive personal data. In the past, regulators have responded to privacy and consumer protection by adopting what this article refers to as an “imperfectly informed regime”, in which consumers do not receive full information about the risks associated with their decisions, even if they are still protected through a variety of …

Exploring The True Shade Of Green: A Critical Examination Of The Central Consumer Protection Authority’S Guidelines On Corporate Greenwashing, Sanya Darakhshan Kishwar, Vasatika Saraswat, Roshni Agarwal

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

The Central Consumer Protection Authority in India has recently released draft guidelines to address the issue of greenwashing by corporations. This paper closely examines these guidelines and how they might impact the deceptive environmental practices of some companies. The study contributes to the ongoing discussion about corporate responsibility in India, highlighting the role of regulations in tackling greenwashing and promoting consumer trust. The authors critically comment on the shortcomings of the guidelines, while suggesting recommendations for resolving the same.