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The Role Of Financial Inclusion In The Quality Of Financial Decisions: A Descriptive And Analytical Study Of A Sample Of Startups In Iraq, Inam Abass Hamidi

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research examines the role of financial inclusion in improving the quality of financial decisions for individuals and institutions in emerging and developing economies. The research focuses on how the availability of accessible formal financial services enhances the ability to make informed and rational financial decisions. The scope of the study includes examining the relationship between access to formal financial services and positive financial behavior, as the literature shows that individuals with higher levels of financial inclusion are more likely to engage in positive financial behaviors such as regular saving and responsible investing (Musa et al., 2025).  The research aims …

Spartan Daily, September 9, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2026

Volume 167, Issue 08

Intravascular Immune Cell Labeling As A Critical Methodological Tool For Characterizing Cd4+ T Cells In The Lung In Eae, Gholamreza Azizi, Mohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Growing evidence highlights the lung -brain axis as a key contributor to CNS autoimmunity. However, accurate characterization of lung immune cells remains technically challenging because standard transcardial perfusion does not eliminate the lung's extensive marginated intravascular leukocyte pool, allowing circulating cells to contaminate analyses of the lung parenchyma.

METHODS: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in mice by immunization with MOG35-55 peptide in complete Freund's adjuvant, followed by pertussis toxin administration. Lung mononuclear cells were isolated after intravascular (IV) CD45 labeling, transcardial perfusion, and enzymatic digestion. Immune cell populations and intracellular cytokine production were analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry …

Arriving At A Diagnosis: Effective Strategies Used By The Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Somin Hwang, Rachel M Brown, Dustin Baldridge, Erin E Baldwin, Alan H Beggs, Jonathan A Bernstein, Elizabeth Blue, Nicholas A Borja, Lorenzo D Botto, Lauren C Briere, Thomas Cassini, Cecilia Esteves, Elizabeth L Fieg, Gail P Jarvik, Shilpa Nadimpalli Kobren, Mia P Levanto, Julian A Martínez-Agosto, Shruti Marwaha, Stanley F Nelson, Jill A Rosenfeld, Tim Schedl, Tina K Truong, Jennifer A Wambach, Matthew T Wheeler, Shinya Yamamoto, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Vandana Shashi, Alexa T Mccray, David R Adams, Kimberly Leblanc

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Purpose: Despite the increasing use of exome sequencing (ES) and genome sequencing (GS) in clinical settings, many individuals remain undiagnosed. This study examined the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)'s approach to establishing diagnoses for participants.

Methods: As a continuation of the first UDN cohort (9/16/2015-5/23/2017), this study reviewed diagnostic strategies and outcomes in the second UDN cohort (5/24/2017-6/30/2023).

Results: Over the study period, the proportion of UDN participants with prior ES/GS increased from 40.2% to 75.0%. The diagnostic rate for the UDN was 22.1% (379/1,713). Reanalysis/reinterpretation of sequencing data (prior ES: 21.4%, prior GS: 2.6%, UDN ES: 4.8%, UDN GS: 17.3%) …

Direct Observations Of Office Disciplinary Referrals For Aggressive And Other Disruptive Behaviors In Elementary Schools, Daniel A. Waschbusch, Pevitr S. Bansal, Marcela C. Ramos, William E. Pelham Jr., Greta M. Massetti

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Aggressive behavior in childhood is a major developmental and educational concern, but school discipline records provide limited information about how aggression is identified and managed in everyday settings. This study used direct observation to characterize office discipline referral (ODR) events among kindergarten through fifth-grade students in 2007, with each of 14 schools observed for one designated week near the end of a randomized school-based intervention trial. Observers recorded 348 referrals involving 296 students. Aggressive or destructive behavior—physical aggression, verbal aggression, or property destruction—accounted for 46.8% of referrals, with physical aggression alone accounting for 38.5%. Aggressive/destructive referrals involved descriptively longer office …

A Transformer-Based Approach With Data Augmentation For Multilabel Emotional Context Detection, Mohsin Hasan Hussein, Marem H. Abdulabas, Azha Talal Mohammed Ali, Homam Aziz Ghazi

Al-Bahir

Emotion identification in texts is becoming increasingly difficult because of the wide variety of ways emotions are represented. This study uses a fine-tuned Robustly Optimized Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers Approach

(RoBERTa) to offer a Transformer-based model for identifying multilabel emotional context in textual data. To balance emotion categories and enhance the model's capacity for generalization, data augmentation is applied on two different datasets: Semantic Evaluation and Cross-lingual Emotion Dataset (SemEval and XED) English corpus. This stage is considered one of the most important steps in preprocessing as it greatly helps to improve the results. The RoBERTa model was then …

Lgbtq+ People On The Camino De Santiago, Xose Santos, . Wisulanbou

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

In the many published works on the Camino de Santiago, LGBTQ+ people have never been considered as an subject of study. The widespread idea that the Camino is for everyone serves to invisibilise this group of people. The problems and accusations we have had to face in our fieldwork are proof of how uncomfortable it is for some persons to talk about gender, sexuality and non-heteronormative identities on the Camino. Regardless of the variety of motivations for pilgrimage to Santiago, religion continues to have a very strong presence on this itinerary which generates tensions with sexualities, especially those that are …

Hajj Pilgrimage And Spatial Behaviour In Sacred Space, Zuhriddin Juraev, Young-Jin Ahn, Ji-Yeong Gu

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This study examines the behavioural and spatial dynamics of the Hajj pilgrimage through the conceptual lens of behavioural geography, focusing on how sacred space, ritual choreography, and communal experiences shape religious engagement. Centred on the Kaaba and surrounding pilgrimage sites, this study explores how ritual practices such as Tawaf, Sa’i, and standing at Arafat construct immersive and affective experiences for pilgrims. Drawing on an interpretive analysis of visual and textual sources, the study argues that sacred space operates not only as a physical setting but also as a symbolic framework that mediates spiritual transformation and social cohesion. It also highlights …

Exploring Challenges For Relationship Marketing Based On Vertical Partnerships Among Smes For Developing Spiritual Tourism: A Case Of Kartarpu, Farooq Haq, Mohit Vij, Naveed Yasin, Amitabh Upadhya

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Spiritual tourism has evolved as a growing segment of special-interest tourism, attracting increasing attention from both public and private sectors. While government agencies are primarily responsible for infrastructure development at spiritual sites, the private sector plays a crucial role is delivering products and services that enhance the visitor experience. Although collaboration between these stakeholders is vital, the role of relationship marketing, particularly through vertical partnerships, remains underexplored in the context of spiritual tourism. This study addresses this gap by examining vertical partnerships as a relationship marketing strategy at Kartarpur, a prominent Sikh pilgrimage site. Employing a case-study approach, the research …

Shrine Tourism: Fiction And Fact Through An Islamic Lens, Md. Soleman Mollik, Muslima Akter, Mohammad Mominul Islam

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Shrine tourism is highly prevalent in developing countries. Despite this, the volume of research in this field is quite limited. This study makes a novel contribution to shrine tourism from an Islamic lens. It aims to explore the fiction (the beliefs of the pilgrims) held by shrine devotees and the facts (the religious doctrine of Islam) based on Islamic principles, including the noble Quran and the Sunnah (Prophetic tradition), to showcase the facts against the fiction.  The study conducted in-depth interviews with 30 devotees from Bangladesh’s most renowned shrines or mazars between January and November 2023. Later, the data were …

The Reasons And Motivations For Unsafe Pilgrimage During Covid-19: Analysis Of Shiite Experiences Of Pilgrimage In The Last Days Of Safar In Iran, Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari, Fahimeh Jafari

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Unsafe pilgrimage is defined a religious journey that may have life risks. From the outbreak of COVID-19, for instance, many people were infected and died, but despite the severe conditions all over the world including Iran, one of the most famous and biggest pilgrimage events was held in Mashhad, Iran. This study tries to explore the causes and motivations of unsafe pilgrimage over the period when COVID-19 was a threat. To do the research, ethnographic method for collecting the data and Colaizzi’s interpretive phenomenological method for analysing the experience of 38 pilgrims doing foot-pilgrimage were used. The results show that …

Institutional Request For B.A. Degree In Journalism 1969

Kenneth L. Whitt Papers

Institutional request for Arlington State College (which would later become the University of Texas at Arlington) to create a B.A. degree in journalism 1969.

Printed Draft Of Portions Of Thesis, Kenneth L. Whitt

Kenneth L. Whitt Papers

Printed portions of Kenneth L. Whitt's master's thesis draft.

Correspondence Between Enid E. Markham And Kenneth L. Whitt, Enid E. Markham

Kenneth L. Whitt Papers

Correspondence between Kenneth L. Whitt and Enid E. Markham, Markham providing answers to Whitt's various questions about Markham's time as editor of the Shorthorn newspaper.

Letter From Kenneth L. Whitt To Dr. Lewis P. Simpson, Kenneth L. Whitt

Kenneth L. Whitt Papers

Letter from Kenneth L. Whitt to Dr. Lewis P. Simpson requesting that Simpson fill out Whitt's questionnaire for his research.

When Children Cook: Food Experiences As Inquiry, Identity, And Learning, Marian S. Castillo, Carrie L. Ota

Spark! Innovations in Early Childhood Education: A Research-to-Practice Journal for Educators

This article explores the transformative potential of integrating cooking experiences into early childhood classrooms, arguing that food preparation offers much more than a simple activity. By drawing on classroom narratives such as shared meal preparation and spontaneous scientific inquiry this piece illustrates how cooking serves as a catalyst for wonder, problem-solving, and collaboration. It highlights how food-based activities naturally bridge home and school environments, fostering a sense of belonging and cultural identity among young learners. Grounded in developmentally appropriate practice, this article examines the teacher’s role in facilitating these experiences, emphasizing the importance of responsive planning, observation, and valuing the …

The Shorthorn: August 14, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: August 13, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: August 11, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: August 6, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: August 4, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 28, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 30, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 23, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 16, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 21, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 14, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 9, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 7, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.

The Shorthorn: July 2, 1987

The Shorthorn Newspaper Collection: 1980s

No abstract provided.