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Intellectual Property, The Free Movement Of Goods And Trade Restraint In The European Union, Jarrod Tudor

The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law

The European Union (“EU”) is the most significant trade partner of the United States. Trading in goods protected by intellectual property rights remains a challenge for American business entities as they are forced to sift through a myriad of law consisting of the federal intellectual property law of the EU and the intellectual property law of the member states. The European Court of Justice (“ECJ” or “the Court”) has been faced with dozens of complex cases arising out of conflicts between the national law of the member states and the Articles of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European …

Post Disturbance Coral Populations: Patterns In Live Cover And Colony Size Classes From Transect Studies In Two Oceans, Claire A. Dolphin

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

This study analyzes data acquired in French Polynesia in the Pacific and The Bahamas (Atlantic), both oceans affected by recent, well documented and sequential disturbances. For the purposes of this study, a disturbance is defined as a perturbation of environmental, physical or biological conditions that causes a distinct change in the ecosystem. After several decades of coral bleaching events, biological change, and anthropogenic impacts, rapid assessments of the coral community were accomplished by collecting photo-transects across the reefs to extract size structure of the corals, percent live tissue cover and perform a faunal evaluation. Cluster analyses and spatial autocorrelation tests …

Effects Of Invasive Winter Moth Defoliation On Tree Radial Growth In Eastern Massachusetts, Usa., Michael J. Simmons, Thomas D. Lee, Mark J. Ducey, Joseph S. Elkinton, George H. Boettner, Kevin J. Dodds

Natural Resources & the Environment

Abstract

Winter moth, Operophtera brumata L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), has been defoliating hardwood trees in eastern Massachusetts since the 1990s. Native to Europe, winter moth has also been detected in Rhode Island, Connecticut, eastern Long Island (NY), New Hampshire, and Maine. Individual tree impacts of winter moth defoliation in New England are currently unknown. Using dendroecological techniques, this study related annual radial growth of individual host (Quercus spp. and Acer spp.) trees to detailed defoliation estimates. Winter moth defoliation was associated with up to a 47% reduction in annual radial growth of Quercus trees. Latewood production of Quercus was reduced by …

History Of The University Of Nebraska–Lincoln

2016 Accreditation Materials

The University of Nebraska–Lincoln is a public research university located in Lincoln, Nebraska. It is the state's oldest and largest university and the flagship university of the University of Nebraska system.

Variation In Vital-Rate Sensitivity Between Populations Of Texas Horned Lizards, Alexander J. Wolf, Eric Hellgren, Eric M. Schauber, Victor Bogosian Iii, Robert T. Kazmaier, Donald C. Ruthven Iii, Raymond W. Moody

Publications

Demographic studies of imperiled populations can aid managers in planning conservation actions. However, applicability of findings for a single population across a species’ range is sometimes questionable. We conducted long-term studies (8 and 9 years, respectively) of 2 populations of the lizard Phrynosoma cornutum separated by 1000 km within the historical distribution of the species. The sites were a 15-ha urban wildlife reserve on Tinker Air Force Base (TAFB) in central Oklahoma and a 6000-ha wildland site in southern Texas, the Chaparral Wildlife Management Area (CWMA). We predicted a trade-off between the effect of adult survival and fecundity on population …

College Of Science And Mathematics Newsletter, Winter 2014, College Of Science And Mathematics, Wright State University

College of Science and Mathematics Newsletters

This 8 page newsletter discusses various happenings within the College of Science and Mathematics. It begins with a letter from the dean, and continues on with news, events, alumni news, and other community news.

Action Research: Informing Professional Practice Within Schools, Gregory Hine, Shane D. Lavery

Education Papers and Journal Articles

This research paper explores the experiences of three teacher-researchers, ‘Simone’, ‘Damian’ and ‘Michael’, who undertook an action research project in their respective schools as part of their postgraduate studies. The paper initially outlines the construct of action research in the light of its applicability to educational research. Particular reference is made to the benefits of action research for those in the teaching profession as well as to several challenges associated with action research. What then follows is the design of the case study methodology that was used to examine the individual experiences of Simone, Damian and Michael. The research used …

Modeling Tidal Marsh Distribution With Sea-Level Rise: Evaluating The Role Of Vegetation, Sediment, And Upland Habitat In Marsh Resiliency, Lisa M. Schile, John Callaway, J T. Morris, Diana Stralberg, V Thomas Parker, Maggi Kelly

Environmental Science

Tidal marshes maintain elevation relative to sea level through accumulation of mineral and organic matter, yet this dynamic accumulation feedback mechanism has not been modeled widely in the context of accelerated sea-level rise. Uncertainties exist about tidal marsh resiliency to accelerated sea-level rise, reduced sediment supply, reduced plant productivity under increased inundation, and limited upland habitat for marsh migration. We examined marsh resiliency under these uncertainties using the Marsh Equilibrium Model, a mechanistic, elevation-based soil cohort model, using a rich data set of plant productivity and physical properties from sites across the estuarine salinity gradient. Four tidal marshes were chosen …

Transdisciplinary Research On Environmental Governance: A View From The Inside, Katherine Mattor, Michele Betsill, Ch'aska Huayhuaca, Heidi Huber-Stearns, Theresa Jedd, Faith Sternlieb, Patrick Bixler, Matthew Luizza, Antony S. Cheng

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Tennessee Oversight Agreement Status Report To The Public Fiscal Year 2014, Tennessee. Department Of Environment And Conservation. Division Of Department Of Energy Oversight

Annual Status Reports

This report was produced by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Remediation, DOE Oversight Office.

Shell Shape Convergence Masks Biological Diversity In Gliding Scallops: Description Of Ylistrum N. Gen. (Pectinidae) From The Indo-Pacific Ocean, Alvin Alejandrino, Glené Mynhardt, Louise Puslednik, Joezen Corrales, Jeanne M. Serb

Biology

The scallop genus Amusium Röding, 1798 is one of few genera of Pectinidae that includes taxa capable of long-distance swimming or gliding. Membership of the genus has been defined primarily by shell shape, and it currently includes only three species: the type species A. pleuronectes (Linnaeus, 1758), A. balloti (Bernardi, 1861) and A. japonicum (Gmelin, 1791). In this study, we use molecular data and aspects of shell morphology to resolve the systematics of the genus. Phylogenetic reconstruction of Pectinidae using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence from four genes supports a polyphyletic Amusium. Differences in internal ribbing pattern provide morphological …

Examining The Effects Of Liming On Gyrinophilus Porphyriticus With A Comparison Of Multiple Sampling Methods, Elise Marie Edwards

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Environmental acidification is affecting stream-associated species around the globe. As a result, different management strategies have been implemented to deal with acidification resulting from acid rain and acid mine drainage. Adding limestone to streams attempts to reverse the effects of acidification. While liming increases the pH of many acidic environments, studies involving the effects of liming on different animal species have shown mixed results. In this study, I examined the effects of liming on Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (the Spring Salamander) abundance and I also determined the best method of detection for G. porphyriticus. From June 10th to September 1st 2013, I …

Prevalence Of Overweight In 2 To 17 Year-Old Children And Adolescents Whose Parents Live Separately: A Nordic Cross-Sectional Study, Lena Hohwu, Mika Gissler, Agneta Sjoberg, Anna M. Biehl, Alfdgeir L. Kristjansson, Carsten Obel

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Comparative data of parental separation and childhood overweight has not been available before across the Nordic countries. The aim of this study was to examine the within-country prevalence and association between parental cohabitation and overweight in Nordic children.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 2-17-year-old children was conducted in 2011, titled: “NordChild”. A random sample of 3,200 parents in each of the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden were invited to participate in the study with parents of 6,609 children accepting to give answers about their children’s health and welfare including information on height and weight of each …

Using Non-Dietary Gastropods In Coastal Shell Middens To Infer Kelp And Seagrass Harvesting And Paleoenvironmental Conditions, Amira F. Ainis, René Vellanoweth, Queeny G. Lapeña, Carol S. Thornber

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Archaeologists analyzing shell middens typically focus on larger (>2 cm) mollusks to examine subsistence practices, impacts on littoral habitats, and paleoenvironmental conditions as well as a host of other natural and cultural phenomena. Small (<2 cm), non-dietary gastropods in archaeological shell middens also provide important clues regarding human resource procurement in littoral areas and coastal paleoenvironments. We present data from two sites on the California Channel Islands to demonstrate the range of information that can be gained by analyzing small gastropod shells. Identifications revealed the remains of over 4500 non-dietary small gastropods from 75 taxa. Human harvesting of marine macrophytes is suggested by the presence of 18 species that are predominantly associated with seaweeds and seagrasses. Quantification measures revealed high diversity and equitability indices, oscillating taxonomic richness, and decreasing densities through time at both sites. Likelihood ratio tests revealed differences in assemblage composition between Early Holocene and later components at one site, and demonstrated similarities in the relative composition of non-dietary shell assemblages between both sites during the Middle Holocene. Incorporating detailed studies of less conspicuous “incidental” shellfish remains in archaeological midden studies has the potential to contribute to our understanding of past human land use practices and littoral paleoecology. Our findings are applicable to archaeologists working in coastal settings around the world, as well as marine ecologists interested in intertidal paleo-habitats and kelp forest ecosystems.

Ontogeny Of Gonad And Genital Morphology In Juvenile Alligator Snapping Turtles (Macrochelys Temminckii), Day B. Ligon, K. Backues, B. M. Fillmore, D. M. Thompson

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Winter Recreation On Northern Ungulates With Focus On Moose (Alces Alces) And Snowmobiles, Grant Harris, Ryan M. Nelson, Todd Rinaldi, Thomas Lohuis

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Winter recreation can displace ungulates to poor habitats, which may raise their energy expenditure and lower individual survivorship, causing population declines.Winter recreation could be benign, however, if animals habituate. Moreover, recreation creates trails. Traveling on them could reduce energy expenditure, thereby increasing ungulate survivorship and generating population benefits. Balancing recreation use with wildlife stewardship requires identifying when these effects occur. This task would be simpler if guidelines existed to inform assessments. We developed and tested such guidelines using two approaches. First, we synthesized literature describing the effects of winter recreation—motorized and nonmotorized—on northern ungulates. This synthesis enabled formulating six guidelines, …

Global Rise In Human Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Katherine F. Smith, Michael Goldberg, Samantha R. Rosenthal, Lynn Carlson, Jane Chen, Cici Chen, Sohini Ramachandran

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Millennium Development Goal 5, Human Rights, And Maternal Health In Africa: Possibilities, Constraints, And Future Prospects, Obiajulu Nnamuchi

Annals of Health Law and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Elevation And Soil Chemistry In The Distribution And Ion Accumulation Of Floral Morphs Of Streptanthus Polygaloides Gray (Brassicaceae), A Californian Nickel Hyperaccumulator, Nathaniel S. Pope, Michael Fong, Robert S. Boyd, Nishanta Rajakaruna

Biological Sciences

Background: The flora of serpentine/ultramafic soils provides an excellent model system for the study of natural selection in plant populations. Streptanthus polygaloides is a nickel hyperaccumulator that is endemic to serpentine soils in the Sierra Nevada of California, and has four floral morphs (yellow, purple, yellow-to-purple and undulate).

Aims: We investigate three hypotheses: (1) the purple morph occurs in colder, wetter climates than the yellow morph; (2) tissue–soil ionic relationships differ among morphs; and (3) morphs occur on soils with differing elemental concentrations.

Methods: We queried herbarium records to investigate patterns of occurrence among the yellow and purple floral morphs, …

The Unseen World: Environmental Microbial Sequencing And Identification Methods For Ecologists, Naupaka B. Zimmerman, J. Izard, C. Klatt, J. Zhou, E. Aronson

Biology Faculty Publications

Microorganisms inhabit almost every environment, comprise the majority of diversity on Earth, are important in biogeochemical cycling, and may be vital to ecosystem responses to large-scale climatic change. In recent years, ecologists have begun to use rapidly advancing molecular techniques to address questions about microbial diversity, biogeography, and responses to environmental change. Studies of microbes in the environment generally focus on three broad objectives: determining which organisms are present, what their functional capabilities are, and which are active at any given time. However, comprehending the range of methodologies currently in use can be daunting. To provide an overview of environmental …

Quantitative Analysis Of Woodpecker Habitat Using High-Resolution Airborne Lidar Estimates Of Forest Structure And Composition, James E. Garabedian, Robert Mcgaughey, Stephen E. Reutebuch, Bernard R. Parresol, John C. Kilgo, Christopher E. Moorman, M. Nils Peterson

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology has the potential to radically alter theway researchers and managers collect data onwildlife–habitat relationships. To date, the technology has fostered several novel approaches to characterizing avian habitat, but has been limited by the lack of detailed LiDAR-habitat attributes relevant to species across a continuum of spatial grain sizes and habitat requirements. We demonstrate a novel three-step approach for using LiDAR data to evaluate habitat based on multiple habitat attributes and accounting for their influence at multiple grain sizes using federally endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW; Picoides borealis) foraging habitat data fromthe Savannah River Site (SRS) …

Interaction Between Climatic, Environmental, And Demographic Factors On Cholera Outbreaks In Kenya, James D. Stoltzfus, Jane Y. Carter, Muge Akpinar-Elci, Martin Matu, Victoria Kimotho, Mark J. Giganti, Daniel Langat, Omur C. Elsi

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background:

Cholera remains an important public health concern in developing countries including Kenya where 11,769 cases and 274 deaths were reported in 2009 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). This ecological study investigates the impact of various climatic, environmental, and demographic variables on the spatial distribution of cholera cases in Kenya.

Methods:

District-level data was gathered from Kenya’s Division of Disease Surveillance and Response, the Meteorological Department, and the National Bureau of Statistics. The data included the entire population of Kenya from 1999 to 2009.

Results:

Multivariate analyses showed that districts had an increased risk of cholera outbreaks when …

Sabbatical Leave Proposal & Report, Heidi Leuszler

Sabbaticals

I propose moving to Costa Rica for the entirety of Spring 2014 and possibly Summer 2014 semesters in order to accomplish the following goals:

1. Learn to live more sustainably by moving outside of my country into one in which a culture of sustainability inherently exists.
2. Investigate what obstacles impede, and what drives people toward more sustainable behaviors.
3. Work or volunteer with a humanitarian organization focused on the social equity aspect of maintaining ecological balance.
4. Challenge myself personally to do three things:

a. Learn to speak Spanish.
b. Work with impoverished peoples.
c. Live in a foreign country.

Untangling Intra- And Interspecific Effects On Body Size Clines Reveals Divergent Processes Structuring Convergent Patterns In Anolis Lizards, Martha M. Muñoz, Johanna E. Wegener, Adam C. Algar

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Bergmann’s rule—the tendency for body size to increase in colder environments—remains controversial today, despite 150 years of research. Considerable debate has revolved around whether the rule applies within or among species. However, this debate has generally not considered that clade-level relationships are caused by both intra- and interspecific effects. In this article, we implement a novel approach that allows for the separation of intra- and interspecific components of trait-environment relationships. We apply this approach to body size clines in two Caribbean clades of Anolis lizards and discover that their similar body size gradients are constructed in very different ways. We …

Characterization Of Management And Environmental Factors Associated With Regional Variations In Potato Zebra Chip Occurrence, F. Workneh, D. C. Henne, J. A. Goolsby, J. M. Crosslin, S. D. Whipple, J. D. Bradshaw, A. Rashed, L. Paetzold, R. M. Harveson, C. M. Rush

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Potato zebra chip (ZC), caused by the bacterial pathogen ‘Candidatus

Liberibacter solanacearum’, which is vectored by the potato psyllid

(Bactericera cockerelli), has caused widespread damage to U.S. potato

production ever since its first discovery in south Texas in 2000. To

determine the influence of environmental factors and management

practices on ZC occurrence, data on management and meteorological

variables, field locations, and psyllid counts were collected over a 3-year

period (2010 to 2012) from six locations across the central United States

(south Texas to Nebraska). At these locations, ZC-symptomatic plants

were counted in 26 fields from systematically established …

Effects Of River Current Inflow On Dissolved Oxygen And Temperature Of Refuge Zones For Cisco In Lake Bemidji, Bryant C. Swenson

Journal of Earth and Life Science

The objectives of this study were to (1) determine if the inflow current from the Mississippi River affects temperature and dissolved oxygen in Lake Bemidji, (2) determine how the amount of suitable cisco Coregonus artedi habitat changes over the summer in Lake Bemidji, and (3) predict how much cisco habitat would be available under a climate warming scenario. Summer fish kill of cisco occurs in most years on Lake Bemidji resulting from low dissolved oxygen in the hypolimnion and high water temperatures in the epilimnion. Dissolved oxygen and temperature profiles provided evidence to suggest the north basin is more suitable …

Suicide Prevention, Deborah M. Stone, Alex E. Crosby

United States Public Health Resources

Suicide is a public health problem affecting people across the lifespan. It is currently the 10th leading cause of death, with rates having remained relatively flat for the past century. This article summarizes the problem of suicide and suicidal behavior along with suicide prevention efforts in the United States. Part 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of suicide, including groups most at risk of suicide and suicidal behavior. Part 2 provides a review of common risk factors, organized by developmental life stage. A brief discussion of the lesser well-researched area of protective factors follows. Part 3 provides an overview …

Overwintering Biology And Tests Of Trap And Relocate As A Conservation Measure For Burying Beetles, W. Wyatt Hoback, Adrienne Conley

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

Burying beetles are carrion beetles and utilize dead animal carcasses for feeding and reproductive efforts. They assist with decomposition, prevent the spread of disease, and reduce the number of pest species. The largest species of carrion beetle, the American burying beetle, is a federally endangered insect and its distribution has been reduced by 90%. The conservation of this species is important in maintaining a healthy ecosystem. Overwintering biology and trap and relocation were studied to determine how this beetle survives freezing temperatures and to find whether trap and relocation could be a suitable conservation management measure.

Trap and relocation is …

Impacts Of Management On Fisheries Diversity As A Factor Affecting Social Resilience In Communities Of The Southern New England Region, Tarsila Seara

Open Access Dissertations

The present research aims at examining potential impacts of fisheries management on the diversity of species exploited by fishermen in Southern New England, and examining the relationship between this diversity and the resilience of fishermen and, consequently, communities in adapting to changes in their social and physical environments. One way fishermen are able to adapt to environmental and socio-economic changes is through diversification of the catch. The current study argues that certain management plans, especially those focused on limited entry strategies, have been reducing fishermen’s adaptive flexibility, therefore reducing fishermen’s resilience and that of their communities. Two hypotheses were developed: …

Urban Ecology: Advancing Science And Society, Colby J. Tanner, Frederick R. Adler, Nancy B. Grimm, Peter M. Groffman, Simon A. Levin, Jason Munshi-South, Diane E. Pataki, Mitchell Pavao-Zuckerman, William G. Wilson

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Urban ecology has quickly become established as a central part of ecological thinking. As cities continue to grow in size and number, two questions serve to unify this broad and multidisciplinary research landscape: (1) how can urban ecology contribute to the science of ecology, and (2) how can urban ecology be applied to make cities more livable and sustainable? In spite of the advances made thus far, there are many unexplored ways of integrating the science and application of urban ecology. Although scientists assess and make predictions regarding the connections between environmental and socioeconomic processes, practitioners involved in real-world application …