Digital Commons Network^™

Psychiatric Polygenic Risk Scores: Experience, Hope For Utility, And Concerns Among Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists, Amanda R Merner, Page M Trotter, Lauren A Ginn, Jason Bach, Katherine J Freedberg, Takahiro Soda, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Recent advances in psychiatric genetics have enabled the use of polygenic risk scores (PRS) to estimate genetic risk for psychiatric disorders. However, the potential use of PRS in child and adolescent psychiatry has raised concerns. This study provides an in-depth examination of attitudes among child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding the use of PRS in psychiatry. We conducted semi-structured interviews with U.S.-based CAP (n=29) who possess expertise in genetics. The majority of CAP indicated that PRS have limited clinical utility in their current form and are not ready for clinical implementation. Most clinicians stated that nothing would motivate them to …

An Exploration Of Low Back Beliefs Of Male Pre-Professional And Professional Dancers, Isaac Campbell, Robyn Fary, Luke Hopper, Danica Hendry

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Globally, male dancers are affected by low back pain (LBP) up to 2.5 times more than female dancers. While female dancers’ beliefs around LBP and dance-specific low back movements exist, no research has explored male dancers’ beliefs. This study aimed to (1) examine the low back beliefs of Australian male professional and pre-professional dancers, and (2) determine if beliefs toward common low back movements and lifting differed when current LBP or history of disabling LBP (DLBP) were considered. Methods: 40 male dancers (mean age [SD] 26.9 years [7.9]) from a range of dance backgrounds (all participating in ballet) were …

Improving Volatility Forecasting: A Study Through Hybrid Deep Learning Methods With Wgan, Adel Hassan A. Gadhi, Shelton Peiris, David E. Allen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This paper examines the predictive ability of volatility in time series and investigates the effect of tradition learning methods blending with the Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty (WGAN-GP). Using Brent crude oil returns price volatility and environmental temperature for the city of Sydney in Australia, we have shown that the corresponding forecasts have improved when combined with WGAN-GP models (i.e., ANN-(WGAN-GP), LSTM-ANN-(WGAN-GP) and BLSTM-ANN (WGAN-GP)). As a result, we conclude that incorporating with WGAN-GP will’ significantly improve the capabilities of volatility forecasting in standard econometric models and deep learning techniques.

Regretting Nothing, Or Regretting Everything? Postfeminism, Femininity, And Regret In Miss Austen Regrets, Jessica Taylor

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This article considers how regret is mobilized within a postfeminist cultural context, taking the 2007 BBC film Miss Austen Regrets (dir. Jeremy Lovering, UK) as its case study. The article proposes that what is regretted in postfeminist culture speaks to the values and tensions that underpin this cultural context and explores how the expression or experience of regret is treated as proof of women's failures of subjectivity and decision-making. Through examining three of the main characters — Jane Austen, Cassandra Austen, and Fanny Austen Knight — and their interactions with regret, this article argues that both normative femininity and feminist …

What Supports Are People With Intellectual Disability Living In Group Homes Provided To Access Health Care? A Case Study, Rachel Skoss, Paola Chivers, Glenn Arendts, Caroline Bulsara, Rena Vithiatharan, Jim Codde

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: People with intellectual disabilities living in group homes often have complex health needs, are high health service users and need support from their service provider to access health services. In Australia, little is known about the types and amounts of these supports. Methods: A case study was conducted on a large Western Australian disability provider of group homes to 160 people with intellectual disability. Over an 18-month period, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, the study quantified health service use in hospital- and community-based settings, ways by which the person was supported to access health care and the impact on …

Pulsey: Stellar Pulsation Models In Python, Andrew Ayala

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The era of the Kepler/K2 and TESS space-telescope missions has inundated the astrophysics community with photometric data for millions of stars with continuous observation and very high cadence. This data confirms that nearly every observed stellar source exhibits an oscillating luminosity, with stellar pulsation being the driving mechanism behind a large fraction of the cause. The result has been an explosion in the field of asteroseismology, where the recorded luminosity variations, or "light curves", of pulsating stars to probe their interior structures. By modeling observed light curves, we can constrain values of the physical stellar parameters producing them. The brightness …

Essays In Machine Learning, Econometrics, And Computational Economics, Lulu Wang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Chapter 1 Data-Driven Graph Neural Networks And Realized Volatility Prediction through Graph Discovery: Financial markets’ interconnectedness plays a crucial role in financial predictions. However, existing network structures often fall short in aligning with specific prediction tasks. This paper presents a novel model that integrates graph discovery techniques with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to address this challenge, focusing on short-term intraday realized volatility prediction. Our investigation from a graph theory perspective reveals that precision-based graph discovery methods substantially enhance GNNs accuracy by generating meaningful graphs and node embeddings. In contrast, conventional covariance-based approaches exhibit limited effectiveness due to their consideration of …

Stereo-Electroencephalography-Guided Network Neuromodulation For Psychiatric Disorders: The Neurophysiology Monitoring Unit, Anusha B Allawala, Kelly R Bijanki, Joshua Adkinson, Denise Oswalt, Evangelia Tsolaki, Sanjay Mathew, Raissa K Mathura, Eleonora Bartoli, Nicole Provenza, Andrew J Watrous, Jiayang Xiao, Victoria Pirtle, Madaline M Mocchi, Sameer Rajesh, Nabeel Diab, Jeffrey F Cohn, David A Borton, Wayne K Goodman, Nader Pouratian, Sameer A Sheth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objectives: Recent advances in stereotactic and functional neurosurgery have brought forth the stereo-electroencephalography approach which allows deeper interrogation and characterization of the contributions of deep structures to neural and affective functioning. We argue that this approach can and should be brought to bear on the notoriously intractable issue of defining the pathophysiology of refractory psychiatric disorders and developing patient-specific optimized stimulation therapies.

Methods: We have developed a suite of methods for maximally leveraging the stereo-electroencephalography approach for an innovative application to understand affective disorders, with high translatability across the broader range of refractory neuropsychiatric conditions.

Results: This article …

Effects Of Intermittent Senolytic Therapy On Bone Metabolism In Postmenopausal Women: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial, Joshua N Farr, Elizabeth J Atkinson, Sara J Achenbach, Tammie L Volkman, Amanda J Tweed, Stephanie J Vos, Ming Ruan, Jad Sfeir, Matthew T Drake, Dominik Saul, Madison L Doolittle, Irina Bancos, Kai Yu, Tamara Tchkonia, Nathan K Lebrasseur, James L Kirkland, David G Monroe, Sundeep Khosla

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Preclinical evidence demonstrates that senescent cells accumulate with aging and that senolytics delay multiple age-related morbidities, including bone loss. Thus, we conducted a phase 2 randomized controlled trial of intermittent administration of the senolytic combination dasatinib plus quercetin (D + Q) in postmenopausal women (n = 60 participants). The primary endpoint, percentage changes at 20 weeks in the bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx), did not differ between groups (median (interquartile range), D + Q -4.1% (-13.2, 2.6), control -7.7% (-20.1, 14.3); P = 0.611). The secondary endpoint, percentage changes in the bone formation marker procollagen …

First-Principles Simulation Of The Interaction Between Dna Nucleotides And One-Dimensional Carbon Chain In Electrical Based Sequencing, Zeina Salman, Jin-Woo Kim, Steve Tung

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electrical DNA sequencing has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its simplified sequencing protocol, compact sequencing system, and relatively low sequencing cost. In the design and fabrication of the sequencing device, carbon-based nanomaterials such as graphene have been explored as a promising sensing material that provides an excellent combination of spatial resolution and base specificity. Using first-principles simulation, we determined the effect on the electrical conductivity of a one-dimensional carbon chain due to the presence of four DNA bases. The simulation results indicate that the interaction between the carbon chain and different DNA bases leads to different levels …

Surrogate-Based Multidisciplinary Optimization For The Takeoff Trajectory Design Of Electric Drones, Samuel Sisk, Xiaosong Du

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft attract attention due to their unique characteristics of reduced noise, moderate pollutant emission, and lowered operating cost. However, the benefits of electric vehicles, including eVTOL aircraft, are critically challenged by the energy density of batteries, which prohibit long-distance tasks and broader applications. Since the takeoff process of eVTOL aircraft demands excessive energy and couples multiple subsystems (such as aerodynamics and propulsion), multidisciplinary analysis and optimization (MDAO) become essential. Conventional MDAO, however, iteratively evaluates high-fidelity simulation models, making the whole process computationally intensive. Surrogates, in lieu of simulation models, empower efficient MDAO with the …

A Robust Recurrent Neural Networks-Based Surrogate Model For Thermal History And Melt Pool Characteristics In Directed Energy Deposition, Sung Heng Wu, Usman Tariq, Ranjit Joy, Muhammad Arif Mahmood, Asad Waqar Malik, Frank Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In directed energy deposition (DED), accurately controlling and predicting melt pool characteristics is essential for ensuring desired material qualities and geometric accuracies. This paper introduces a robust surrogate model based on recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures—Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). Leveraging a time series dataset from multi-physics simulations and a three-factor, three-level experimental design, the model accurately predicts melt pool peak temperatures, lengths, widths, and depths under varying conditions. RNN algorithms, particularly Bi-LSTM, demonstrate high predictive accuracy, with an R-square of 0.983 for melt pool peak temperatures. For melt pool geometry, the GRU-based …

Inmate Assistance Programs, Tim Friehe, Murat C. Mungan

Faculty Scholarship

This paper analyzes the deterrence implications of different inmate assistance programs (IAPs), carefully distinguishing between deterrence of first offenses and recidivism. All IAPs considered in our model reduce recidivism, and we identify IAPs that also reduce the first offense rate. However, IAPs which increase work opportunities, improve the reintegration of exiting inmates, and moderate individual’s self-control issues may lower the deterrence of first offenses, if this possibility is not adequately anticipated when designing these IAPs.

Administrative Arrest Warrants: Armed Encounters Outside The Judicial Process, Meg Penrose

Faculty Scholarship

This Article considers three related questions. First, is a person “seized” under the Fourth Amendment when law enforcement restricts a person’s movements in their home and limits their ability to leave or go about their business? Second, does the answer to this seizure inquiry turn on the person’s citizenship status? And third, how do lawyers ensure that courts discard bad law? This last question is not a qualitative assessment— with good and bad law being tied to one’s legal ideology. Rather, certain legal holdings, dating back over half a century, have been whittled away if not entirely eroded. When this …

Automated Concrete Bridge Deck Inspection Using Unmanned Aerial System (Uas)-Collected Data: A Machine Learning (Ml) Approach, Rojal Pokhrel, Reihaneh Samsami, Saida Elmi, Colin Brooks

Michigan Tech Publications

Bridges are crucial components of infrastructure networks that facilitate national connectivity and development. According to the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the cost to repair U.S. bridges was recently estimated at approximately USD 164 billion. Traditionally, bridge inspections are performed manually, which poses several challenges in terms of safety, efficiency, and accessibility. To address these issues, this research study introduces a method using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) to help automate the inspection process. This methodology employs UASs to capture visual images of a concrete bridge deck, which are then analyzed using advanced machine learning techniques …

Say Bananas: A Pilot Study On An App-Based Intervention As A Modality Of Home Practice, Kate Margaret Sjostedt

Master's Theses and Capstones

This single subject design study provides an initial exploration of using Say Bananas toprovide motor learning-based intervention for children with childhood apraxia of speech. By implementing an app-based home practice intervention tool to support traditional speech sound disorder treatment, specifically the Treatment for Establishing Motor Program Organization (TEMPO), it was designed to treat speech sound disorders by implementing exercises using a more engaging platform. We tested the performance of three different children diagnosed with childhood apraxia of speech. Each child used the app as a modality of home practice five days a week for four weeks in addition to their …

Mindfulness And Meditation: Activation Likelihood Estimates (Ale) And Meta-Analytic Connectivity Modelling (Macm), Ariana Christine White

Master's Theses and Capstones

Introduction: Mindfulness, a popular practice that originated as a Buddhist custom, encompasses a myriad of techniques such as meditation, yoga, and journaling. Such practice is often suggested for individuals with mental health disorders (MHD). Recently, mindfulness-based interventions, including forms of psychotherapy like Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, have gained prominence. Investigations into brain activity associated with mindfulness-based interventions have identified positive modulation of a Triple Network Model (TNM), a confluence of three brain networks that are commonly associated with MHD. Targeting these networks and understanding mindfulness-specific connectivity may provide evidence for regions to target during intervention in order to induce neural …

Temporal Scales Of Mass Wasting Sedimentation Across The Mississippi River Delta Front Delineated By 210pb/137cs Geochronology, Jeffrey Duxbury, Samuel J. Bentley, Kehui Xu, Navid H. Jafari

Faculty Publications

The Mississippi River Delta Front (MRDF) is a subaqueous apron of rapidly deposited and weakly consolidated sediment extending from the subaerial portions of the Birdsfoot Delta of the Mississippi River, long characterized by mass-wasting sediment transport. Four (4) depositional environments dominate regionally (an undisturbed topset apron, mudflow gully, mudflow lobe, and prodelta), centering around mudflow distribution initiated by a variety of factors (hurricanes, storms, and fluid pressure). To better understand the spatiotemporal scales of the events as well as the controlling processes, eight cores (5.8–8.0 m long) taken offshore from the South Pass (SP) and the Southwest Pass (SWP) were …

Arkansas Wheat Performance Tests 2023-2024, J. F. Carlin, R. D. Bond, T. C. Swanson, J. C. Mccoy

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat variety performance tests are conducted each year in Ark- ansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Crop Variety Improvement Program. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating variety recommendations for small-grain producers.

The tests were conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, and the Rohwer Research Station near Rohwer. Specific location and cultural practice information accompany …

Let’S Not Be Creative: “Rigid Irac” And The Hidden Power Of Formalistic Legal Writing, Andrew J. Turner

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

When E And G Disagree: Esg Scores Between Hedonic And Utilitarian Firms, Timothy Loomas

Executive DBA Dissertations

How do Environmental (E), Social (S), and Governance (G) scores vary when examined under a hedonic-utilitarian lens? The happiness and guilt associated with hedonic (pleasure oriented) products have been shown to increase altruism and prosocial behavior as compared to utilitarian (need oriented) products. Based on this we examine whether Social- and Environmental-pillar scores for firms associated with hedonic products and/or services will be greater than for firms associated with utilitarian products and/or services. To test these hypotheses, data from the Thompson-Refinitiv ESG database were used to compare the ESG pillar scores between hedonic and utilitarian firms. The research finds higher …

Dirt/Μ: Automated Extraction Of Root Hair Traits Using Combinatorial Optimization, Peter Pietrzyk, Neen Phan-Udom, Chartinun Chutoe, Lise Pingault, Ankita Roy, Marc Libault, Patompong Johns Saengwilai, Alexander Bucksch

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

As with phenotyping of any microscopic appendages, such as cilia or antennae, phenotyping of root hairs has been a challenge due to their complex intersecting arrangements in two-dimensional images and the technical limitations of automated measurements. Digital Imaging of Root Traits at Microscale (DIRT/μ) is a newly developed algorithm that addresses this issue by computationally resolving intersections and extracting individual root hairs from two-dimensional microscopy images. This solution enables automatic and precise trait measurements of individual root hairs. DIRT/μ rigorously defines a set of rules to resolve intersecting root hairs and minimizes a newly designed cost function to combinatorically identify …

Growth And Faceting Of Tungsten And Oxides In Scandate Cathode Particles During In Situ Heating In The Scanning Electron Microscope, Huanhuan Bai, Thomas John Balk

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Tungsten-based scandate dispenser cathodes are promising next-generation thermionic electron sources for vacuum electron devices, due to their excellent emission performance at tempera- tures lower than those required for conventional cathodes. There has been a significant recent effort to understand scandate cathode performance and to characterize the tungsten and other materials on the emitting surface, primarily via the study of cathodes before and after emission testing. Moreover, these scandate cathodes have typically been characterized at room temperature only. In situ obser- vations of scandate cathodes is challenging, as these devices are thermionic emitters that operate in a high-vacuum environment, and because …

Advancements In Apoe And Dementia Research: Highlights From The 2023 Aaic Advancements: Apoe Conference., Courtney M Kloske, Michael E Belloy, Elizabeth E Blue, Gregory R Bowman, Maria C Carrillo, Xiaoying Chen, Ornit Chiba-Falek, Albert A Davis, Gilbert Di Paolo, Francesca Garretti, David Gate, Lesley R. Golden, Jay W Heinecke, Joachim Herz, Yadong Huang, Costantino Iadecola, Lance A Johnson, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Celeste M Karch, Anastasia Khvorova, Sascha J Koppes-Den Hertog, Bruce T Lamb, Paige E Lawler, Yann Le Guen, Alexandra Litvinchuk, Chia-Chen Liu, Simin Mahinrad, Edoardo Marcora, Claudia Marino, Danny M Michaelson, Justin J Miller, Josh M. Morganti, Priyanka S Narayan, Michel S Naslavsky, Marlies Oosthoek, Kapil V Ramachandran, Abhirami Ramakrishnan, Ana-Caroline Raulin, Aiko Robert, Rasha N M Saleh, Claire Sexton, Nilomi Shah, Francis Shue, Isabel J Sible, Andrea Soranno, Michael R Strickland, Julia Tcw, Manon Thierry, Li-Huei Tsai, Ryan A Tuckey, Jason D Ulrich, Rik Van Der Kant, Na Wang, Cheryl L Wellington, Stacie C Weninger, Hussein N Yassine, Na Zhao, Guojun Bu, Alison M Goate, David M Holtzman

Physiology Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) is an established central player in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with distinct apoE isoforms exerting diverse effects. apoE influences not only amyloid-beta and tau pathologies but also lipid and energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, cerebral vascular health, and sex-dependent disease manifestations. Furthermore, ancestral background may significantly impact the link between APOE and AD, underscoring the need for more inclusive research.

METHODS: In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association convened multidisciplinary researchers at the "AAIC Advancements: APOE" conference to discuss various topics, including apoE isoforms and their roles in AD pathogenesis, progress in apoE-targeted therapeutic strategies, updates …

Insights From Augmented Data Integration And Strong Regularization In Drug Synergy Prediction With Synergnet, Mengmeng Liu, Gopal Srivastava, J. Ramanujam, Michal Brylinski

Faculty Publications

SynerGNet is a novel approach to predicting drug synergy against cancer cell lines. In this study, we discuss in detail the construction process of SynerGNet, emphasizing its comprehensive design tailored to handle complex data patterns. Additionally, we investigate a counterintuitive phenomenon when integrating more augmented data into the training set results in an increase in testing loss alongside improved predictive accuracy. This sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of model learning. Further, we demonstrate the effectiveness of strong regularization techniques in mitigating overfitting, ensuring the robustness and generalization ability of SynerGNet. Finally, the continuous performance enhancements achieved through the integration …

A Stochastic Production Frontier Model For Evaluating The Performance Efficiency Of Artificial Intelligence Investment Worldwide, Ying Chih Sun, Ozlem Cosgun, Raj Sharman, Pavankumar Mulgund, Dursun Delen

Department of Information Management and Business Analytics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

As artificial intelligence (AI) begins to take center stage in technological innovations, it is essential to understand the business value of AI innovation efforts and investments. While some early work at the firm level exists, there is a shortage of literature that takes a larger country-level perspective. This study investigated the effect of AI innovation efforts on production efficiency across countries using stochastic production frontier approaches. In addition, our model also included the traditional economic inputs of capital and labor. We used both the Cobb–Douglas function and Constant Elastic Substitution model specifications. The significant findings of this study are as …

Constitutional Law Through Co-Curricular Civic Engagement, Jason M. Leggett

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

From Turf To Turf: Fungal Invasion Of Ascocoryne Turficola In A Northern Michigan Bog, Evan L. Coscarelli-Trott

All NMU Master's Theses

This is the first paper to report Ascocoryne turficola Boud. 1905 (Helotiales: Ascomycota) within the United States. It is an obligate bog fungus native to Europe and Siberia, where it is extremely rare across most of its range. A. turficola appeared at Lily Pond Bog in Marquette, Michigan (87.47º W, 46.59º N) in 2019, almost contemporaneous with anecdotal reports in Minnesota and Ontario. Since 2019, the Lily Pond population has exploded and become the dominant fungus in this bog but has yet to spread to similar bogs nearby. This species is adapted to long distance dispersal and carries the potential …

Isokinetic Strength And Jumping Abilities Of Teenage Soccer Players Playing In Different Field Positions, Michal Gorski, Adrian Wilk, Anna Pastuszak, Michal Starczewski, Bartlomiej Michalak, Michael Lane, Krzysztof Busko

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Soccer is a sport being performed in a very dynamic manner. It requires soccer players to be able to develop high muscle force in a very short period of time. The aim of the study was to evaluate the strength and jumping abilities of young soccer players playing in different positions on the field. The study included 49 adolescent soccer players: 6 goalkeepers, 15 defenders, 17 midfielders and 11 strikers. We measured peak torques (PT), total work (TW), and average power (AP) developed by the knee flexors and extensors under isokinetic conditions at angular velocities of 60°⋅s-1, 180°⋅s-1 and 300°⋅s-1 …

From The Bench, Pierre Leval, M. Margaret Mckeown, Jane C. Ginsburg

Faculty Scholarship

Lightly edited transcript of panel comments at the 2023 Symposium, “Rearrange, Transform, or Adapt: The Derivative Works Right After Andy Warhol Foundation v. Goldsmith.”