Money Moves: Taxing The Wealthy At The State Level, David Gamage, Brian D. Galle, Darien Shanske

Faculty Publications

It's widely understood today that inequality is a major social problem that in turn contributes to other crises. By most accounts, tax systems are supposed to be our engines of equality. Yet in today’s United States, state and local tax systems mostly do the opposite: they take a greater percentage of the resources of the poor and middle class than of the rich.

Perhaps surprisingly, the traditional view among fiscal policy experts has been that this state of affairs is correct. In this standard account, only national governments should impose progressive or redistributive taxes. While acknowledging that there would be …

The Impact Of A Geriatric Trauma Unit On Patient Outcomes, Shannon E. Johnson

DNP Projects

Abstract

Background: Traumatic injuries in the geriatric (> 65) patient population can have devastating effects. Only a small percentage of these patients return to independent ambulation and living. As the population continues to age and life expectancy continues to increase, the incidence of traumatic injuries in geriatric patients will continue to increase. Geriatric friendly hospital wards in several disciplines have been shown to reduce length of stay and improve patient outcomes. However, there has been no research surrounding geriatric trauma wards specifically.

Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the impact of admitting geriatric trauma patients …

Linguists: Our Evolving Role, Patricia Macgregor-Mendoza

International Journal of the Linguistic Association of the Southwest

As linguists, we play many roles in and out of the classroom. In our classes, we strive to educate students about the nuances of linguistic systems, encourage them to expand upon their innate knowledge of language and inspire them to use this knowledge to enhance their lives, their careers, and their communities. However, as Bucholtz et al. (2014) remind us, “scholars should not simply speak out as expert advocates on behalf of marginalized groups, as important as this responsibility is, but they must also help empower their research participants to take action themselves (Cameron et al. 1992, 1993)” suggesting that …

Language-Related Episodes In Individual Observations Versus Collaborative Interactions: The Case Of Advanced Learners Of Spanish, Emilia Alonso-Marks, Mariche G. Bayonas, Diana Marysol Contreras-Licea

International Journal of the Linguistic Association of the Southwest

The pandemic forced many students to complete tasks individually either at home or in virtual classrooms. This study compares individual task performance with small group collaborations in terms of Language-Related Episodes (LREs) and the honing of pronunciation. Two groups of advanced Spanish learners from India and the USA participated in the study. Results note that having more than one learner does not increase LRE productivity; individual learners produce more affective/metacognitive LREs; and linguistic forms focused on by individual learners are more memorable than those discussed collaboratively. Pedagogical recommendations are proposed for both types of learning scenarios.

Designing A Catholic School In The Twenty-First Century, Emmanuel I. Ugwejeh S.J.

Journal of Catholic Education

Data show an increasing number of Catholic schools from elementary to tertiary levels in developing countries, especially countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. These new Catholic schools seem to follow the industrial-era school design trajectories. However, the exigencies of the 21st century require a paradigm shift, ensuring that Catholic schools move away from the industrial method of education that did not attend to the specific educational needs of the student to a kind of education that further enriches the holistic education offered by the Catholic school. This enrichment includes architectural designs that support Catholic educational ideals and practices that preserve the earth. …

Bridging Cura: Faculty Of Color Socialization At A Jesuit Institution, Norma López, Demetri L. Morgan, Savanna Surprise

Journal of Catholic Education

This research focuses on Jesuit Catholic higher education in the United States because at the heart of this mission is encouraging all involved to navigate the discernment process and then enact considerations that vacillate between cura apostolica (care for institution) and cura personalis (care for people/society). Cura apostolica and cura personalis can be viewed as brands of institutional purposes that consistently emerge at many colleges and universities out of concerns for institutional risk aversion, protection, and sustainability amid hope for supporting people toward success in a humanizing fashion. Specifically, this research is concerned with the toll institutional concern has on …

Warning: What You Don’T Know May Kill You: Why California Needs Fentanyl-Specific Legislation, Fredrick, Abygail

Santa Clara Law Review

The lack of fentanyl-specific legislation in California is causing an overdose crisis throughout the state. This is partly attributed to the potency of fentanyl with low doses often resulting in death. Despite this increased risk of danger, however, current legislation merely lumps fentanyl punishment with the designated punishment for other controlled substances. Yet, these criminal statutes have consistently proven unsuccessful as the use of fentanyl continues to rise and unintended consequences continue to grow.

The ineffective management of this threat by our legislative branch has caused vigilante prosecutors to use illegal tactics of prosecution. Prosecutors are now charging dealers with …

Reimagining The Canvas: Exploring Culturally Responsive Teaching In Art Education, Elice F. Brunnette

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Considering the inequities faced by culturally diverse students inside and outside of art classes, it is crucial to build a greater understanding of the specific challenges they encounter and to creatively implement more effective pedagogical approaches. This thesis seeks to illustrate the links between culturally responsive teaching practices and arts education, in order to foster greater academic and social outcomes for diverse learners within visual arts classes. Art education provides students with specific modes of learning, expression, and connections that differ from what they experience in other educational settings. These experiences lead to impactful culturally responsive teaching strategies that support …

Faculty Senate Monthly Packet November 2025, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Monthly Packets

The November 2025 monthly packet includes the agenda, appendices, and the Faculty Senate minutes and attachments given in the meeting held November 3, 2025.

Investigating Treatment Planning Parameters For Proton Arc Technique In Pencil Beam Scanning (Pbs) Proton Therapy, Umesh Rana

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Proton arc pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy is a novel approach to treating complex cancer in the field of radiation therapy. It provides conformal dose coverage to the CTV while reducing dose to healthy tissues. Unlike traditional proton therapy modalities, such as intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT), which primarily relies on static beam delivery, proton arc utilizes a rotational approach to irradiate the tumor from a multitude of angles, utilizing an arc of proton beams. The successful clinical implementation of proton arc PBS technology necessitates the development and validation of advanced treatment planning optimization algorithms and treatment planning techniques to …

Clinical Validation Of Delivery Analysis Software For Patient-Specific Quality Assurance Of Radixact (Tomotherapy) Treatment, Gagandeep Pama

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) performance for various disease sites treated with the Radixact machine using Gamma (γ) passing rate analysis (%GP) as per AAPM TG-218.

This study analyzed 22 PSQA plans executed on a Radixact machine using ArcCheck phantom and delivery analysis (DA) software. The %GP was calculated using a 3% dose difference (DD), a 2 mm distance-to-agreement (DTA), and a 10% threshold. A passing criterion of ≥95% was applied for PSQA evaluation.

The %GP was analyzed for all sites. The %GP (2D) on the ArcCheck phantom mean γ passing …

Oasis, Parinaz Moghadampour

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This exhibition is about the media, the mesmerizing effects of tech-driven advertisements and their impact on consumerism, and global disasters as the consequences of this phenomenon. This is a critique of technology's immense expansion of advertising's reach. With the advent of the Internet, social media, and mobile devices, advertisers reach a global audience instantly. Using algorithms, digital advertising platforms allow precise targeting based on demographics, interests, and online behavior. This means that advertisements can be tailored to specific audiences, increasing the chances of reaching the right consumers with the right message. Michel Foucault, the prominent French philosopher and social theorist, …

Gendered Violence And Identities: Exploring The Role Of Violence Against And Abductions Of Women In Cracking India And Lajwanti, Erin Mammel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This article argues that representations of women’s bodies as symbols of honor during the partition of India and Pakistan in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Cracking India and Rajinder Singh Bedi’s Lajwanti frame violence against these bodies, and forced conversions and marriages, as forms of dishonor among religious rivals within split territories, which attempt to uphold men’s nationalistic identities. Many scholars, such as Rachna Mehra and Rituparna Roy, have studied the displacement of recovered and rehabilitated women in these texts. There has been less scholarship, however, that explores gendered forms of violence with Hindu nationalist notions of masculinity. Through the lens of postcolonial …

The Impact Of College And Career Student Success Curriculum And Xello On High School Students’ Self-Efficacy, Academic Motivation, And Academic Performance, Rosemyrtle J. Louis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The study aimed to determine whether the school counselor-led CCSS program (Brigman & Villares, 2015), a curriculum designed to foster cognitive and social-emotional skills, combined with the technological college and career exploration platform, Xello (2019), enhances participating students’ self-efficacy, academic motivation, and academic performance. The CCSS and Xello program consisted of five 45-minute lessons delivered in the classroom by school counselors once a week for five weeks. A quasi-experimental design was utilized with 115 high school students from Southeast Florida assigned to either a treatment group (n = 71) or a control group (n = 44). Pretest and …

Essays On Entrepreneurship And Government Policy, Abdul-Kadir Ameyaw

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Government policy has long been used as a lever to stimulate entrepreneurship, yet its outcomes vary widely across contexts, prompting renewed interest in how such policies shape entrepreneurial activity. This dissertation investigates the multifaceted relationship between government policy and entrepreneurship using a two-essay framework that draws on extant literature and qualitative field data. It examines how policies not only create structural conditions but also activate symbolic mechanisms that influence individual behavior and occupational choices.

The first essay conducts a systematic review of 166 articles published in leading management and entrepreneurship journals between 1993 and 2024. It maps theoretical perspectives, methodological …

Geospatial Methods For Interpreting And Managing Coastal Landscape Dynamics, Nithish Manikkavasagam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Coastal landscapes are dynamic interfaces shaped by natural forces and human activity, requiring precise, multiscale monitoring for effective conservation. This research investigates some of the coastal monitoring challenges related to shoreline erosion, terrain modeling, and mangrove species classification at the Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse Outstanding Natural Area (ONA), a 120-acre coastal preserve in southeast Florida. The first study applies conditional entropy and partial correlation to assess the relationship between shoreline retreat and environmental variables using UAS-derived shoreline data collected from 2017 to 2023. The second study enhances Digital Terrain Model (DTM) accuracy, a critical factor in erosion assessments, by applying RandLA-Net, …

Importance Of Social Support: Buffer To Social Identity Threat In Institutions, Kaylah J. Scott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Due to the minority status non-white students face in higher education, they are susceptible to social identity threat (Steele & Aronson, 1996), which may lead to psychological distress. However, social support, particularly from in-groups, offsets related distress consequences, e.g., self-esteem, anxiety, and depression (Haslam et al., 2021). This study investigates social support, through collective racial socialization, as a buffer for social identity threats to minority college students. I investigated Hispanics and Black undergraduates' self-esteem, using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1979), before and after stereotype threat, with participants in minority-centered organizations as the moderator. Results revealed that there was a …

Biodiversity Conservation And The Ever-Expanding Web Of Federal Laws Regulating Nonfederal Lands: Time For Something Completely Differenct?, J.B. Ruhl

University of Colorado Law Review

No abstract provided.

Pseudo-Vampires In The Nineteenth-Century English Vampire Canon: Draining Life Force By Class, Matt Tanner

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Bridging Prairie Restoration And Regenerative Agriculture With Compost Tea / The Rocket Incident: Post-Fire Soil Microbe Recovery On The Eastern Washington University Restoration Site, April Hersey

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Inland Pacific Northwest prairie is an endangered ecosystem that has been reduced by conversion to agriculture. There is growing interest in the role of soil microorganisms in prairie ecosystems, which may be crucial for restoration of the plant community through interspecies interactions within the rhizosphere. One method for improving soil microorganism community composition is compost tea: enriched liquid compost extract. Compost tea is used in regenerative agriculture to improve crop yields and protect against pathogens. While research has supported compost tea application in regenerative agriculture, it has not been widely studied in the context of ecosystem restoration. After beginning a …

The Guests, Jessica Parry

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Presumed Guilt: Epistemic Closure In Pregnancy Prosecutions, M. Eve Hanan

Scholarly Works

Criminal law and reproductive justice scholars are calling attention to the increase in prosecutions for pregnancy outcomes in the United States. Trace amounts of controlled substances in newborns are prosecuted as child abuse. Miscarriages are prosecuted as illegal abortions or homicides. This area of criminal law existed side-by-side with Roe v. Wade for late-term pregnancy outcomes. The Dobbs decision has further emboldened these prosecutions by removing the protections of the Due Process Clause from the pre-viability phase of the pregnancy.

Using a case study of a woman who was pressured to plead guilty to manslaughter and sentenced to eight years …

Unpunishment Purposes, Meredith B. Esser

Scholarly Works

Sentencing scholarship often begins by exploring the traditional purposes of punishment: deterrence, retribution, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. However, little scholarship exists addressing how these four punishment purposes apply in the post sentencing or second-look contexts. Further, abstract theories of sentencing can often seem sterile and disconnected from the realities of how violent, disproportionate, and dehumanizing the actual experience of incarceration is for many people, and tend to downplay the impact of incarceration on the families and communities of those who are incarcerated. This Article attempts to reconceptualize the traditional purposes of punishment to meet the current historical moment, and it does …

Interoperable Legal Ai For Access To Justice, Drew Simshaw

Scholarly Works

The access-to-justice gap is growing, affecting individuals with both civil and criminal needs in the United States. Though these challenges are multifaceted, procedural barriers in the U.S. legal system can often inhibit access-to-justice efforts. The resulting inequities undermine fairness for those interacting with courts and jeopardize the legitimacy of the broader legal system. Legal technology driven by artificial intelligence (Al) has been heralded for its potential to combat these challenges on three access-to-justice fronts that are often conceptualized in isolation: a consumer (i.e., self-help) front, a legal-service-provider front, and a court front. Progress on each of these fronts is apparent, …

Structural Originalism: A Second Amendment Case Study, Ian C. Bartrum

Scholarly Works

“Originalism” is having a national moment, even if it is not entirely clear what the word means. What should we be originalist about? The leading academic approach asks us to parse the communicative content of text ratified in a very different linguistic culture; then construct a modern legal meaning consistent with our semantic speculations. Too often the result enforces policy judgments made in a radically different moral and technological world. This makes very little sense.

In this paper I recommend a more perspicuous and coherent use of constitutional history, which I call “structural originalism.” Rather than saddle ourselves with the …

Copyright, Ebooks, And The Future Of Digital Lending, Mary Lafrance

Scholarly Works

Public libraries face a digital lending crisis. Even as library patrons demand greater access to digital materials, eBook publishers have subjected libraries to onerous licensing terms. These include prices substantially higher than those charged to the general public, as well as stringent constraints on license duration and/or loan volume, forcing many libraries to repurchase their eBooks every one or two years. Some publishers are releasing new books only in digital formats, making it even more costly for libraries to maintain robust collections. eBook publishers also compel libraries to use specific digital lending platforms which pose risks to patron privacy. At …

Ecarrots: Prison Control And Profits From Correctional Tablets, Justin Iverson

Scholarly Works

In recent years, tablets have gained tremendous popularity behind bars for their ability to expand access to educational and rehabilitative services for people in prison. However, there are downsides to tablet implementation, including high costs at the expense of a captive population and shifting power dynamics resulting in possible volatility. This Article examines the use of correctional tablets in jails and prisons as mechanisms for administrative control and profit-making in an era of beleaguered correctional budgets. It also considers legal and policy implications related to the disproportionately negative impact of the introduction of tablets on people in poverty, increased dependency …

Alternatives To Delaware? Evaluating Corporate Law In Nevada, Texas, And Wyoming, Joseph Landau, Bailey Swartz, Anthony Rickey, Robert Ragazzo, Benjamin P. Edwards, George A. Mocsary

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Forging Ahead Or Proceeding With Caution; Developing Policy For Generative Artificial Intelligence In Legal Education, Nachman Gutowski, Jeremy W. Hurley

Scholarly Works

Generative Artificial Intelligence is rapidly being integrated into every facet of society, including a growing impact on law schools. It has become abundantly clear that there is a need to develop well-defined governing policies for its use and adoption in legal education. This article offers an introductory analysis of related approaches currently taken in various law schools, exploring the factors influencing these policies and their ethical implication. A comparative review of institutional policies reveals both similarities and unique approaches. Common themes include the need for balance between limited use and outright reliance, as well as the need for transparency and …

"A Plain Denial”: Reclaiming Equal Protection In American Juvenile Law, Addie C. Rolnick, David S. Tanenhaus, Justin Iverson, Danielle L. Silvestri

Scholarly Works

Juvenile courts are based on the premise that children are different from adults and should therefore be treated differently. Children may be treated more informally by courts, punished for different purposes, and brought before the court for different behaviors. Since In re Gault, the Supreme Court has been clear that there are limits to how different juvenile courts can be. Juveniles are entitled to many of the same procedural protections as adult criminal defendants, although the Court has preserved some procedural differences where it has determined that their benefit is outweighed by the need to preserve the informality, flexibility, …