Digital Commons Network^™

Technical Specification Spec-145: Bioregenerative Molecular Nutrient Regeneration Matrix And Closed-System Biomass Liquefaction Fluidics For Continuous Eco-Autonomous Agriculture, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Modern controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is fundamentally bottlenecked by its reliance on linear, open-ended supply chains. Commercial vertical farms consume highly refined synthetic mineral salts derived from energy-heavy industrial processes and generate significant quantities of inedible plant biomass that are cast out as waste.

This specification establishes the blueprint for SPEC-145: A Bioregenerative Molecular Nutrient Loop. By integrating focused acoustic cavitation mechanics with a multi-stage fixed-bed biological nitrification processor, SPEC-145 converts 100% of solid inedible crop waste (lignocellulose stalks, roots, and structural biomass) directly into bio-available, plant-ready macronutrient solutions inside a completely sealed, non-thermal closed loop. Combined with an integrated …

Technical Specification Spec-144: Non-Thermal Cymatic Replicator Matrices For Decentralized Point-Of-Use Molecular Lamination And Chemical Chain Scission, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the structural implementation, mathematical formalisms, and computational validation models for a non-thermal molecular lamination and mechanochemical replication matrix. Operating under the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) framework, the system provides a clean method for polymer chain scission and crystalline multiblock material synthesis without relying on traditional high-heat smelting or toxic chemical catalysts. By projecting high-frequency Gallium Nitride (GaN)-driven Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) arrays into a non-equilibrium hydrothermal liquefaction reactor core, the system maps asymmetric fluidic constraints directly to table-top Three-Dimensional Photoemission Orbital Tomography (3D-POT) boundary fields. Computational simulations confirm an element re-binding conversion efficiency of 98.40% at …

Technical Specification Spec-143: Anamorphic Ternary Compute Mesh And Phantom Token Suppression Topologies In High-Gravity Attention Fields, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the structural implementation, mathematical formalisms, and computational validation models for an un-hackable, decentralized multi-agent computing layer. Operating under the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) framework, the system eliminates discrete binary logic gates and linguistic tokens in favor of continuous, non-linguistic token-latching over an anamorphic fluid-canvas substrate. By utilizing a multi-layer sub-wavelength photonic crossbar array, data states are mapped as continuous spatial-harmonic vectors. High-gravity attention fields are generated within the hardware layer to isolate and completely suppress phantom tokens, maintaining context window equilibrium under infinite tensor ingestion loads. Python execution arrays verify that external adversarial perturbations and state-level …

Technical Specification Spec-142: Design And Operational Principles Of A Subterranean Piezo-Ferroelectric Cavity Resonator Array For Continuous Baseload Mechanical Harvesting, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification details the structural design, mathematical formalisms, and computational validation models for an autonomous, subterranean solid-state energy harvest node. Operating under the Dimensionally Extended Holographic Projection (DEHP) framework, the system exploits localized metric boundary strains to harvest ambient planetary mechanical and micro-seismic shear stress without inducing thermal drawdown. By deploying high-frequency Gallium Nitride (GaN)-driven concentric transducer arrays, the system stabilizes a localized acoustic streaming velocity within a subterranean cavity resonator. This process transforms non-equilibrium acoustic wave fields directly into continuous electrical voltage. Test simulations of a point-of-use localized module demonstrate a verified continuous output of 15.123 kW with zero …

When Stable Deposits Stop Being Stable A Behavioral Reassessment Of Core Funding In Regional Banking, Deepak Aggarwal

Defensive Publications Series

Consequent to the 2023 deposit stress scenarios, banks have improved their liquidity buffers, stress assumptions, and reported Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) and Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) well above the minimum regulatory requirements. The headline deposit levels for many banks seem to be stable.

This working paper highlights a new structural risk that has emerged: the "behavioral drift" of core funding in a high-velocity digital world.

This paper is developed from a composite case study based on observable trends in the larger Asia Pacific banking industry. The paper examines the experience of SME and corporate operating balances as actively managed …

137 Countries Are Building Cbdcs. Three Things Most Are Not Designing For., Deepak Aggarwal

Defensive Publications Series

137 countries. 98% of global GDP. 49 live pilots. Brazil and Russia are launching in 2026. The ECB is finalizing its digital euro rulebook as this goes to press. None of that is the most important number in this space right now. The most important number is 98.5%. That is the share of Nigeria's eNaira wallets that sat unused one year after launch. Full infrastructure. Sovereign backing. Nobody showed up.

Not a technology problem. The eNaira worked. A governance problem. The system could not tell a citizen why they should use it, what it would do with their money, or …

Multiplexing Push Notifications During Artificial Intelligence Session Setup, Francis Bourque, Hung Tsang, Fernando Selma, Jibing Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a way for smartphones and other mobile devices to speed up how fast smart assistants and artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots start responding. Normally, starting a new internet connection over 5G or 6G networks causes a short delay. To avoid this delay, as a mobile computing device usually maintains a connection with a cloud infrastructure, such as for push notification services, a computing system may leverage the described techniques of this disclosure. The described techniques may use that existing connection as an initial pathway for data associated with an artificial intelligence session. Using the existing connection allows the …

Ai Optimizes. The Bank Pays The Price -Decision Integrity In Agentic Retail Banking, Deepak Aggarwal

Defensive Publications Series

Retail banking has been at the forefront of AI adoption for the past three years or so. The industry is now well-established and is using artificial intelligence (AI) to carry out financial transactions under predetermined guidelines, known as "Agentic Banking."

To accomplish this at scale, banks have now created three essential capabilities for the Agentic Banking model: Rule-Based Cash Sweep Mechanisms, API-Enabled Financial Transparency, and Autonomous Portfolio Rebalancing. Nevertheless, these capabilities raise a significant structural governance concern: What happens if AI is not designed to protect but is given the ability to optimize?

The paper presents the idea of the …

The Fiduciary Gap In Ai-Driven Financial Institutions: Decision Velocity And The Governance Challenge, Deepak Aggarwal

Defensive Publications Series

Today, financial institutions are moving away from using automated decision support tools and are moving more and more towards using AI agents in their operations. Even as this improves the speed at which business is conducted, it is also changing the way decisions are made and, more importantly, whether these decisions can be explained, audited, and/or reconstructed.

The implication for governance is significant. It is no longer possible to reverse engineer a decision made by the agent, audit the rationale behind the decision, and explain the rationale to those who need to know. This is creating significant trust deficits, particularly …

Autonomous Cyber Defense Policy Evolution Framework Using Risk-Aware Digital Twin Validation And Explainable Ai Feedback, Amir Hossein Jafari Chashmi

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a computer-implemented autonomous cyber-defense framework for generating, validating, deploying, monitoring, and evolving cybersecurity policies. The framework treats a security policy as an evolving control object and combines continuous security and operational telemetry, risk-aware analysis, generation of multiple candidate policy changes, machine-readable digital-twin validation, constrained candidate evaluation, explainable decision recording, controlled deployment, post-deployment monitoring, automatic rollback, and feedback-driven policy evolution. Candidate policies are evaluated before operational deployment against modeled security and operational conditions, including threat reduction, reachability, availability, latency, resource impact, policy conflicts, scope integrity, confidence, and recovery readiness. A decision controller may approve, modify, reject, defer, or …

Caldwell Quantum‑Safe Zero‑Knowledge Authentication Engine (Zk‑Nexus‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a quantum‑safe zero‑knowledge authentication engine designed for networks that must verify identity without revealing credentials. ZK‑NEXUS‑1.0 integrates multi‑domain entropy fusion, resonance‑stabilized randomness, temporal‑artifact removal, lattice‑based zero‑knowledge proofs, and noise‑aligned challenge‑response protocols. The system improves authentication stability, eliminates credential exposure, and enhances resistance to quantum‑accelerated attacks. The core physics principle is that multi‑modal entropy fusion and resonance‑aligned randomness produce high‑stability zero‑knowledge proofs that remain secure against quantum adversaries. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global public access.

Caldwell Quantum‑Safe Resonance‑Stabilized Cryptographic Key‑Exchange Engine (Qs‑Nexus‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a next‑generation quantum‑safe cryptographic key‑exchange engine designed for hybrid networks that must remain secure against classical and quantum attacks. QS‑NEXUS‑1.0 integrates multi‑modal entropy harvesting, resonance‑stabilized randomness, temporal‑artifact removal, hybrid lattice‑based key encapsulation, and adaptive noise‑aligned packetization. The system improves key‑exchange stability, reduces entropy loss, and enhances resistance to quantum decryption. The core physics principle is that multi‑domain entropy fusion and resonance‑aligned randomness produce high‑stability keys that resist quantum‑accelerated attacks. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global public access.

Caldwell Multi‑Modal Federated‑Learning Engine With Differential Privacy & Resonance‑Stabilized Aggregation (Fl‑Nexus‑2.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a next‑generation federated‑learning engine for edge devices requiring privacy‑preserving model training without transmitting raw data. The system integrates multi‑modal sensor fusion, temporal‑artifact removal, adaptive gradient compression, differential‑privacy noise shaping, and resonance‑stabilized aggregation to improve accuracy, reduce bandwidth, and enhance privacy. The core architecture uses stabilized multi‑domain tensors and artifact‑cleaned gradients to ensure reliable convergence across heterogeneous devices. The key physics principle is that multi‑modal fusion and resonance‑aligned aggregation reduce drift and noise during distributed learning. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended as open‑hardware prior art to ensure global …

Uaif‑2.0: Vendor‑Neutral Ai‑To‑Physical‑Safety Contract And Deterministic Enforcement Interface For Cyber‑Physical Systems, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

UAIF‑2.0 defines a vendor‑neutral, machine‑readable safety contract and deterministic enforcement interface connecting AI agent governance systems to independently assured physical‑safety controllers. Existing AI governance layers authorize actions; existing functional‑safety systems enforce physical constraints. No broadly adopted, vendor‑neutral standard currently defines how authorized AI actions should be translated into bounded physical‑domain constraints consumable by a safety‑rated controller.

UAIF‑2.0 introduces a Safety Contract and a Safety Envelope Compiler. The contract binds AI identity, capability, authorization window, physical constraints, safety envelope, provenance, and revocation status into a deterministic, cryptographically verifiable document. The compiler transforms human‑authored safety rules and engineering constraints into a monotonic, …

Caldwell Multi‑Modal Application‑Profile Network Routing Engine (Map‑Nre‑1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This invention provides a multi‑modal network‑quality measurement and routing engine designed to classify and route application traffic based on realistic, application‑specific performance metrics rather than high‑priority control packets. The system measures loss, latency, and jitter using traffic profiles that match actual application behavior, enabling routing decisions that reflect true network conditions. The core architecture integrates distributed measurement nodes, temporal‑artifact inspection, multi‑modal signal profiling, and adaptive routing logic. The key principle is that network liveliness must be measured using representative traffic rather than artificially prioritized packets. This disclosure includes full architecture, BOM, build path, and test protocol. This work is intended …

Secure Payment Payload Relay From An Offline Payer Device To A Connected Merchant Terminal, Saicharan Nimmala, Vineeth Kumar, Piyush Ramuka, Sanket Jain, Sailendra Bathi, Vishal Shroff

Defensive Publications Series

Digital payment transactions won’t initiate or fail when a payer's computing device lacks an active internet connection, which results in loss of sale for merchants in areas with poor network coverage. This disclosure describes systems and methods that address this issue by leveraging a merchant's network connectivity. For example, a payer's offline computing device (e.g., a smartphone, smart watch, or wearable device) can generate a multi-layered, cryptographically secure data payload encapsulating transaction and authorization details. This payload can then be transferred locally, such as via dynamic quick response (QR) codes or nearfield communication, to a merchant’s terminal with an active …

Adaptive Discovery And Policy-Based Routing Of Local And Network Ai Services, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This article describes a client-side system that discovers artificial-intelligence services available on the same device, on a local network, or through a configured remote connection, and selects a suitable service separately for each request. Selection considers required functions, input sensitivity, response delay, service load, operating cost, network condition, and the client device’s battery and thermal state. A local classifier applies mandatory handling rules before any request leaves the device. Services that fail a functional or data-location constraint are removed; the remaining services are ranked, and ordered alternatives are retained for controlled failover. Conversation state is stored in a service-neutral representation …

Gc-Ms Profiling And Antibacterial Activity Of Cold-Macerated Garlic Extracts Against Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogens, Fatima A. Khalaf, Saeed A. Fayadh

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The growing number of cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) urinary tract infections has made the clinical management of urinary tract diseases a significant challenge; therefore, the need for effective adjunctive therapies cannot be overemphasized. This study evaluated the bioactive components and antibacterial efficacy of cold-macerated garlic extracts obtained using distilled water, 70% ethanol and hexane solvents against antimicrobial-resistant urinary isolates. Out of 250 urine samples that were analyzed, 124 (49.6%) showed significant microbial growth, with Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated organism. The results of the phytochemical screening and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the ethanolic extract had …

Capital Structure, Cost Of Capital, And Voluntary Disclosures, Jeremy Bertomeu, Anne Beyer, Ronald Dye

Olin Business School Faculty Research

This paper develops a model of financing that jointly determi nes a firm’s capital structure, its voluntary disclosure policy, and its cost of capital. Investors who receive securities in return for supplying capital sometimes incur losses when they trade their securities with an informed trader. The firm’s disclosure po licy and the structure of its securities determine the information advantage of the i nformed trader, and hence the size of investors’ trading losses and the firm’s cost of ca pital. We establish a hierarchy of optimal securities and disclosu re policies that varies with the volatility of the firm’s cash …

What Determines Free Speech On College Campuses?, Town Oh, Abbylin Sellers

School of Business and Leadership Working Papers

This paper asks two questions. Which institutional characteristics are associated with stronger or weaker campus speech climates? And do institutions take corrective action when they are publicly ranked near the bottom? A university faces two costs of restricting speech: a legal cost that binds only public institutions, and a reputational cost is paid when its climate is publicly observed and private institutions also bear this cost. The evidence comes from five waves of the FIRE College Free Speech Rankings, 1,112 institution-waves covering 257 colleges from 2022 to 2026, merged with IPEDS. On the first question, being a public institution is …

A Guided Size Exclusion Chromatography Demonstration For Teaching Polymer Separation And Characterization, Daniel Rivero, Nicole Paccha, Amrita Sarkar

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Practical experience with modern analytical instruments is an essential component of undergraduate chemistry education, yet access to advanced instruments varies widely among institutions because of differences in available resources. Although size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is extensively used in polymer characterization in both academia and industry, undergraduate students at Montclair State University previously had limited opportunities to gain hands-on experience to this technique. To address this need, a demonstration using a multidetector-equipped Malvern Panalytical OMNISEC system was developed and incorporated into a second-year organic chemistry laboratory course during the 2025–2026 academic year. This activity engaged more than 300 undergraduate students representing …

The Forest's Gift: Ritual Resilience, Nature, And Faith In The Malay Postpartum Tradition Of Pelimau Dapur, Nurul Asmaa Akmal Md Din, Sri Qamariah Mohd Samsir, Awang Azman Awang Pawi, Tengku Intan Marlina Tengku Mohd Ali, Nurul Haniza Samsudin

Forest and Society

This article examines pelimau dapur, a Malay post-confinement ritual practised by some families in Kampung Alor Limbat, Terengganu. It investigates how ritual knowledge is transmitted, how natural and processed materials acquire cultural, spiritual, and perceived therapeutic meanings, and how the practice is reshaped by religious, social, healthcare, and material change. The study employed a focused ethnographic case study design involving semi-structured interviews with eight purposively selected participants (two traditional midwives and six women with direct experience of the ritual), together with participant observation, field notes, and visual documentation. The data were analysed thematically. The findings show that pelimau dapur …

Effect Of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia Illucens) And Microbial Probiotics With Multi-Enzymes On Protein Efficiency Ratio, Metabolic Profile, And Immune Status Of Broiler Chickens, Ahmed Abd-Elaziz Abdallah, Mona. Mahmoud Ahmed, Mohamed Mowed Khalifah, Marwa Ramdan El-Deken, Bahaa Mohamed Abou-Shehema, Mohamed Elsaeid Farag, Afaf Bobaker Abu_Shouk, Reda Mohamed Zaki, Asmaa Ahmed Saad, Merfat Salah El-Deen, Mervat A. Berikaa

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture

Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM; Hermetia illucens) has been authorized in the EU as an insect-derived protein for feed and is a promising alternative to soybean meal (SBM), with potential functional benefits attributed to lauric acid (LA), chitin, and bioactive peptides; however, evidence is limited regarding its interaction with probiotic–multi-enzyme complexes. Thus, we investigated whether replacing SBM with BSFLM, with or without a microbial probiotic and multi-enzyme blend (MPE). A total of 225 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were allocated to nine treatments in a 3× 3 factorial design (five replicates of five chicks) from 1–38 d, using mash …

Evaluation Of The Association Between School Prevention Programs And Adolescents’ Opioid Abuse In The United States, Lida Moazezi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study examined adolescent opioid misuse in the United States and the role of school-based prevention. Guided by the health belief model, the purpose was to test whether participation in school-based drug prevention lessons was associated with past-year opioid misuse among adolescents ages 14–17 and whether race and gender moderated that association. This quantitative, cross-sectional, nonexperimental secondary analysis used the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 8,965). Analyses included weighted descriptives, chi-square tests, and complex-samples logistic regression controlling for age and socioeconomic status. The sample included adolescents ages 14–17 with complete data on school-based prevention participation, …

Exploring Multicultural Competence Among Mental Health Workers When Providing Treatment To African American Males, Ashley Hightower

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American men experience disproportionately low rates of mental health service utilization and often report negative perceptions of mental illness. Despite documented mental health disparities, limited research has explored how mental health workers understand and apply multicultural competence when providing treatment to African American men. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior and social identity theory, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of mental health workers regarding multicultural competence in their work with African American men. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with seven mental health workers recruited through purposive sampling. Interview …

How Often Do Managers Withhold Information?, Jeremy Bertomeu, Paul Ma, Ivan Marinovic

Olin Business School Faculty Research

We estimate a dynamic model of voluntary disclosure, using annual management forecasts of earnings, that features a manager with pri ce motives and an uncertain but persistent information endowment. Our estimates imply that: (i) managers face disclosure frictions 35% of the time; (ii) conditional on being informed, managers withhold information 17% of the time; and ( iii) conditional on being silent, managers possess information 24% of the time. Managers’ strategic withholding motives increase investors’ uncertainty about earnings by 3%. We find that managers’ price motives reduce strategic withholding by one-third, in response to investors’ increased skepticism in the event of …

715 St. Marks Tenant Assn. V. M&M Crown Realty, Llc

All Decisions

HP case—tenants (35 rent-stabilized residents) establish ample need under CPLR 408 for narrowly tailored discovery. Seven interrogatories and ten documentary demands regarding elevator and boiler installation and maintenance are outside petitioners' custody or control. DOB and HPD violation records are insufficient alone: agency inspections measure operationality on a single visit and do not capture sporadic recurring outages or systemic failures indicating a need for replacement, as alleged. Respondents bear minimal burden; no possession-recovery urgency in HP enforcement proceedings.

Stochastic Invasion Thresholds For Transmission-Blocking Symbionts And Malaria Control Under Environmental Noise, Steeven Belvinos Affognon, Philip Ngare, Henri E.Z. Tonnang, Benard Kipchumba Kiplangat, Shirley Abelman, Jeremy K. Herren

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Introduction – Transmission-blocking symbionts may complement existing malaria vector-control tools, but their public-health value depends on two linked conditions: ecological establishment in mosquito populations and long-run prevalence high enough to suppress malaria transmission. Methods – Motivated by Microsporidia MB in Anopheles mosquitoes, we developed a scale-free stochastic differential-equation model for uninfected and symbiont-infected adult female mosquitoes with density-dependent recruitment, vertical transmission, mating-mediated horizontal conversion, and multiplicative environmental noise. We derived a rare-symbiont stochastic invasion index, analyzed extinction and invasion thresholds, used Malliavin-Hörmander analysis to characterize inter-class noise transfer, and linked stationary symbiont prevalence to an effective Ross-Macdonald malaria reproduction number. …

A Realist Review Of The Remediation Of Professionalism Lapses In Undergraduate Medical Students (Restore 3), Ross Raymond-Jones, Tom Gale, Nicola Brennan, Marie Bryce, Tristan Price

Peninsula Medical School

IntroductionProfessionalism is a core element of medical curricula worldwide and remains a cross-cutting theme across all aspects of a medical programme. When a medical student fails to demonstrate the expected attributes and behaviours, medical schools have a duty to step in, and where appropriate, offer remediation that aims to facilitate behavioural change. There is sparse explanatory theory on this complex topic, resulting in little evidence-based guidance for medical schools to utilise. This review aims to explain how, why, to what extent and in what circumstances professionalism remediation works for undergraduate medical students.MethodWe conducted a realist review that aligns with the …

Incidental Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Discovered After Ileocecectomy For Recurrent Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report, Aron Bhachawat, Heenal Marfatia, Suneetha Chintalapati, Kelly Winter

Student Publications

We report a case of moderately differentiated appendiceal adenocarcinoma discovered on histopathologic examination following ileocecectomy for recurrent SBO in a woman in her early 50s with a history of stage III rectal adenocarcinoma in remission. Notably, serial surveillance imaging over two years had demonstrated a radiographically normal appendix prior to the obstructive presentation. Immunohistochemical and histopathologic features confirmed a metachronous primary malignancy rather than metastatic recurrence. This case exemplifies the diagnostic challenge posed by occult appendiceal neoplasms, the importance of meticulous histopathologic evaluation of all resected specimens, and the need to consider rare malignant etiologies in patients with recurrent bowel …