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Articles 154261 - 154290 of 1338546
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Population Genomics Provide Insights Into The Global Genetic Structure Of Colletotrichum Graminicola, The Causal Agent Of Maize Anthracnose, Flávia Rogério, Riccardo Baroncelli, Francisco Borja Cuevas-Fernández, Sioly Becerra, Joanne Crouch, Wagner Bettiol, M. Andrea Azcárate-Peril, Martha Malapi-Wight, Veronique Ortega, Javier Betran, Albert Tenuta, José S. Dambolena, Paul D. Esker, Pedro Revilla, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Jürg Hiltbrunner, Gary Munkvold, Ivica Buhiniček, José L. Vicente-Villardón, Serenella A. Sukno, Michael R. Thon
Population Genomics Provide Insights Into The Global Genetic Structure Of Colletotrichum Graminicola, The Causal Agent Of Maize Anthracnose, Flávia Rogério, Riccardo Baroncelli, Francisco Borja Cuevas-Fernández, Sioly Becerra, Joanne Crouch, Wagner Bettiol, M. Andrea Azcárate-Peril, Martha Malapi-Wight, Veronique Ortega, Javier Betran, Albert Tenuta, José S. Dambolena, Paul D. Esker, Pedro Revilla, Tamra A. Jackson-Ziems, Jürg Hiltbrunner, Gary Munkvold, Ivica Buhiniček, José L. Vicente-Villardón, Serenella A. Sukno, Michael R. Thon
Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications
Understanding the genetic diversity and mechanisms underlying genetic variation in pathogen populations is crucial to the development of effective control strategies. We investigated the genetic diversity and reproductive biology of Colletotrichum graminicola isolates which infect maize by sequencing the genomes of 108 isolates collected from 14 countries using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) and wholegenome sequencing (WGS). Clustering analyses based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed three genetic groups delimited by continental origin, compatible with short-dispersal of the pathogen and geographic subdivision. Intra- and intercontinental migration was observed between Europe and South America, likely associated with the movement of contaminated germplasm. Low …
Fsec Meeting Minutes December 19, 2022, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate
Fsec Meeting Minutes December 19, 2022, University Of Rhode Island Faculty Senate
Faculty Senate Executive Committee Minutes
No abstract provided.
Through The Looking Glass: Worship Music With Indigenous Sounds In Los Angeles And Manila, Maria Rica Bartolome Silbol
Through The Looking Glass: Worship Music With Indigenous Sounds In Los Angeles And Manila, Maria Rica Bartolome Silbol
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Despite the Philippines’ wonderful indigenous music and talents, Manila Baptist and Los Angeles Baptist churches do not utilize indigenous sounds in typical worship practices. This paper contends that the untapped resources of cultural sounds may contribute to a dynamic worship experience that resonates more effectively as Filipino. This study investigates the absence of indigenous sound in two Filipino Baptist churches from Los Angeles and Manila (QC). It analyzes relevant ethnic music components and each church’s response to the fusion of indigenous and traditional music in the worship experience. The explanatory sequential mixed method will focus on an artistic-creative study to …
Perspectives Of Middle School Band Members On High School Band, Frank J. Poolos
Perspectives Of Middle School Band Members On High School Band, Frank J. Poolos
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Student retention is essential for band programs at any level to succeed and grow. This study includes results of student surveys of current high-school students who took band during their middle school years, seeking essential factors affecting student perceptions about continuation into high school band programs. Research into band student enrollment and retention exist, yet limited resources focus on transitioning from middle to high school. Studies indicate that participation in large music ensembles, such as bands, provides social, emotional, and academic benefits. Increasing student retention across this transition could yield improved student experiences and achievement in music and beyond. Existing …
James Monroe’S White House: The Genius Of Politics And Place, Susan Glen Amos
James Monroe’S White House: The Genius Of Politics And Place, Susan Glen Amos
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This research endeavor has discerned the origins of an enduring American nationalistic distinctiveness perpetuated by President James Monroe’s White House. A careful scholarly examination of Monroe’s White House as a cultural landscape enquires into the genesis of interdependence between place and politics. It also studies the depth of the American people’s ability to embrace, as their own, the symbolism and national vision fashioned in these spaces. The juxtaposition of James Monroe’s election as the first United States president after the War of 1812 with the resurrection of the White House manifested for him an exclusive opportunity, still fraught with perils, …
How Teachers Perceive Educational Programs In Juvenile Justice Facilities: Case Study, Connie Faye Mitchell
How Teachers Perceive Educational Programs In Juvenile Justice Facilities: Case Study, Connie Faye Mitchell
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this case study was to understand teachers’ perspectives of educational programs in juvenile justice facilities. This information is valuable in assessing the needs of incarcerated juveniles and strengthening the educational programs provided to them. This case study utilized John Dewey’s social learning theory, which states that learning occurs through social interactions and hands-on approaches. This theory supports the case study of the interactions between the students and teachers while they are participating in academic and career and technology education (CATE) courses. The study sought to answer the following question: What are the teachers’ perceptions of online learning, …
Competing With Small Town Football: The Challenges Of Teaching High School Band In Rural America, Christopher John Libby
Competing With Small Town Football: The Challenges Of Teaching High School Band In Rural America, Christopher John Libby
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This project explored the many challenges band directors face while teaching in the rural United States. Despite the abundance of articles about recruiting for high school band programs, few have addressed high schools in the rural United States. The untold perspectives of novice and experienced band directors matter because it is a topic not addressed in undergraduate studies. This study highlights the perspectives of band directors and scholars who have firsthand experience building band programs in rural counties. Guided by scholarly journal articles, personal interviews, and other research, this qualitative research study identified perspectives that have not yet been explored …
Who Cares? Suicide And Christian Pastoral Intervention, Debra Kay Averitt
Who Cares? Suicide And Christian Pastoral Intervention, Debra Kay Averitt
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The fallen world we live in presents challenges that often seem too much to bear. How we view those challenges depends not only on our worldview but also on our interpretation of it. These same beliefs help determine if, when, and to whom we go for help. Beliefs and worldviews also drive those who provide help, making the decision of who to see that much more important. This study addresses the dispute between pastoral and secular counseling—Who is better prepared to treat individuals presenting with severe distress? In essence, this quantitative survey is a letter to the churches asking pastors …
Implementation Of The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (Gad-7) Screening Tool In A Mental Health Outpatient Clinic, Ella Bosunglan Gang
Implementation Of The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (Gad-7) Screening Tool In A Mental Health Outpatient Clinic, Ella Bosunglan Gang
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Purpose: The prevalent disorder known as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) can have various negative consequences. GAD harms individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. People with GAD frequently experience a crippling decrease in their physical and mental health. When generalized anxiety disorders are combined with the pressures of pre-existing medical conditions, the quality of life can be significantly impacted. GAD severely impairs social and functional functioning, resulting in frequent clinic appointments, doctor shopping, emergency room visits, high costs from family and employer treatment, and increased costs for global healthcare spending. Proper diagnosis is essential to effective treatment, and a …
Drug Evaluation And Classification Program: An Evaluation And Validation Study In The State Of Florida, Micah Moore
Drug Evaluation And Classification Program: An Evaluation And Validation Study In The State Of Florida, Micah Moore
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Over the past several decades, the fatality rates in traffic crashes related to drug-impaired driving have increased significantly. Specialized law enforcement officers are currently being deployed to help reduce the number of drug-related traffic crash fatalities and identify drugged impaired drivers. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) developed the drug evaluation and classification program (DECP) to certify law enforcement officers as drug recognition experts (DREs). An evaluation and validation study was conducted on the DECP in Florida. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the DECP in Florida to …
A Phenomenological Study In Conflict And Conflict Resolution Methods Of Rural African American Pastors, Darrell W. Rowe
A Phenomenological Study In Conflict And Conflict Resolution Methods Of Rural African American Pastors, Darrell W. Rowe
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This qualitative, phenomenological by design research aimed to identify the conflict resolution methods utilized by African American pastors who serve in rural locations and shepherd a flock of one hundred or fewer congregants. The study also sought to understand the background, origin, and perceived effectiveness of resolving congregational conflict from the specified demographic. As the shepherd of the flock, the pastor has the inherent responsibility to resolve conflict within the church. The church experiences conflict from numerous external sources; however, this research sought to address conflict within the congregation. This study collected data through the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict MODE Instrument. 71.4% …
The Nature Of Confession For Forgiveness In 1 John 1:5–2:6, Carleton Edward Hafer
The Nature Of Confession For Forgiveness In 1 John 1:5–2:6, Carleton Edward Hafer
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this study on 1 John 1:5–2:6 is to examine whether repeated confession of post-salvific sins is required either for additional forgiveness or to maintain fellowship with God. This dissertation argues that John teaches that confession is required for salvation and results in complete forgiveness at the moment of salvation; however, despite what is commonly taught, John never teaches ongoing post-salvific confession for forgiveness or to maintain fellowship with God. While post-salvific confession may benefit a believer on a psychological level, that is not what John taught in 1 John. From God’s standpoint, the relationship is not impaired …
The Family Unit As A Form Of The New Temple And Reflection Of The Universal Christian Family Structure: An Exposition Of Ephesians 4:17–6:9 And Colossians 3:1–4:1, Jeffrey David Krodel
The Family Unit As A Form Of The New Temple And Reflection Of The Universal Christian Family Structure: An Exposition Of Ephesians 4:17–6:9 And Colossians 3:1–4:1, Jeffrey David Krodel
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
When focusing on the new temple after Jesus’ ascension to Heaven while studying the household codes of Ephesians and Colossians, the intent of the codes becomes clearer. Jesus transferred these codes to Christians for the Holy Spirit to dwell when He ascended to Heaven. In light of the new temple, the household codes provide instructions on how the Christian family is to work together and reflect the created order under the kingdom of God. Thus, the household codes of Ephesians 5–6:9 and Colossians 3–4:1, when viewed with the conjunction of the ascension of Christ, the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, …
Using Popular Music To Engage The Multiculturally Diverse Secondary School Band, Todd Waldon Murphy
Using Popular Music To Engage The Multiculturally Diverse Secondary School Band, Todd Waldon Murphy
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Despite the increasing acceptance and enthusiasm for multicultural popular music in some high schools in the United States, traditional music teachers are often hesitant to embrace this trend. Even though the United States is responsible for creating many popular music styles, European music education philosophy is ahead with popular music education. Because of the United States' changing demographics, a new strategy must be developed to address this issue and implement it to the band director's advantage. Ethnic diversity and multiculturism have been creative factors in the United States, which explains why American culture has produced a wide variety of musical …
It’S The Trauma Talking: A Phenomenology Of Foster Parents’ Trauma Knowledge In Central Virginia, Stephanie Lynn Cheek
It’S The Trauma Talking: A Phenomenology Of Foster Parents’ Trauma Knowledge In Central Virginia, Stephanie Lynn Cheek
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe foster parents’ trauma knowledge in Central Virginia. The theories guiding this study include childhood complex trauma theory and experiential learning theory (ELT). As discussed by Herman (1992) and Terr (1991), childhood complex trauma theory explains the behaviors and actions of foster children who have suffered complex trauma. As discussed by Kolb (2014), ELT explains the processes that foster parents go through in gaining and applying trauma knowledge to their fostering. The central research question is, how do foster parents in Central Virginia describe their trauma knowledge? Further research questions include, how …
Pistol Packing Educators: A Phenomenological Study On Educators Desire To Carry A Concealed Weapon In School, Jaycia H. Jacobs
Pistol Packing Educators: A Phenomenological Study On Educators Desire To Carry A Concealed Weapon In School, Jaycia H. Jacobs
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to understand how educators described their desires and lived experiences of carrying a firearm in a K-12 school. A transcendental phenomenological design was used in this study to examine the essence of the participants’ experiences. The theory that guided this study was Crano’s (1995) vested interest theory which established an individual’s perceived significance and hedonic relevance of an attitude-implicated action’s outcome. Attitude-behavior consistency exists when there is a strong association between opinions and actions. The central research question guiding this case study asked: What were the lived experiences of educators who desired …
The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Law Enforcement Protocols In Middle Appalachian States, Timothy W. Roberts
The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Law Enforcement Protocols In Middle Appalachian States, Timothy W. Roberts
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The COVID-19 pandemic is changing the operational procedures of law enforcement organizations across the United States. The COVID-19 virus has forced police administrators to rethink strategies and procedures dealing with law enforcement’s multiple functions and roles in society. The pandemic is causing unprecedented challenges for law enforcement administrators to balance the organization’s priorities and the safety of officers under their command. The police functions are adapting to include personal protection to prevent the spread of the virus among the law enforcement community. This multiple case qualitative study aimed to show the immediate operational changes in law enforcement since the start …
Decision Usefulness Of Goodwill In Financial Statement Reporting, B. Mechelle Lafon
Decision Usefulness Of Goodwill In Financial Statement Reporting, B. Mechelle Lafon
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The subsequent accounting for goodwill has been and continues to be debated among standard setters, financial statement users, and the academic community. Accounting guidance surrounding the subsequent accounting for goodwill has been amended over the past 2 decades to address cost and complexity, comparability, and faithful representation. This study attempted to determine if faithful representation of goodwill improved with the passage of ASU 2011–04, which amended SFAS 142 and could be adopted by companies with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU 2011–04 offered a qualitative assessment of the faithful representation of goodwill based on certain events and circumstances …
Taking The Biscuit: Defining Excessive Quantities Of Free Refreshments In A Healthcare Library, Andrew Tabner, Stuart G. Spicer, Kerryn Husk, Holly Blake, Caroline White, Suzanne Toft, Graham Johnson
Taking The Biscuit: Defining Excessive Quantities Of Free Refreshments In A Healthcare Library, Andrew Tabner, Stuart G. Spicer, Kerryn Husk, Holly Blake, Caroline White, Suzanne Toft, Graham Johnson
Peninsula Medical School
Evidence suggests that complementary hot drinks and biscuits benefit an overworked and highly stressed healthcare workforce. But when signage in healthcare libraries asks patrons not to consume “excessive” quantities of free hot drinks and biscuits, how much is too much? Tabner and colleagues explore this resource allocation conundrumAs the festive season approaches, temperatures plummet, days shorten, and healthcare workers see glimmers of time off around the holidays, some might consider the provision of unlimited free hot drinks and biscuits a welcome token of appreciation; this is particularly the case for National Health Service staff, who are often felt to be …
Communication Disorders And Mental Health: A Scoping Review, Haven B. Schultze
Communication Disorders And Mental Health: A Scoping Review, Haven B. Schultze
Honors Thesis
This scoping review examined current research investigating the relationship between communication disorders and mental health disorders. Depression and anxiety disorders were correlated with communication disorders, but this relationship is complex. Next, potential interventions and clinical implications are discussed. The literature suggests that Speech-Language Pathologists and mental health professionals are most effective when working collaboratively to meet the needs of the whole child.
Phase I Activities Of The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth Mri) In The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District, Georgina Lukoczki, Craig Dietsch, John B. Hickman, Emily Morris, Douglas C. Curl, Carrie Pulliam, Stephanie Vicroy, William M. Andrews Jr.
Phase I Activities Of The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth Mri) In The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District, Georgina Lukoczki, Craig Dietsch, John B. Hickman, Emily Morris, Douglas C. Curl, Carrie Pulliam, Stephanie Vicroy, William M. Andrews Jr.
Report of Investigations--KGS
The Western Kentucky Fluorspar District (WKFD), which comprises the Kentucky portion of the Illinois–Kentucky Fluorspar District, is well known for the occurrence of strategically important critical mineral resources, such as fluorite (fluorspar) and rare earth elements (REEs). Due to technological advances, demand has increased for critical minerals used in cell phones, magnets in wind turbines, batteries for electric vehicles, smart weapons, and other devices and systems. The overall objective of the Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI) program, directed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), is to gather information that will help better understand the distribution of critical minerals in …
Challenges Experienced By Aquaponic Hobbyists, Producers, And Educators, D Allen Pattillo, David J. Cline, Janelle V. Hager, Luke A. Roy, Terrill R. Hanson
Challenges Experienced By Aquaponic Hobbyists, Producers, And Educators, D Allen Pattillo, David J. Cline, Janelle V. Hager, Luke A. Roy, Terrill R. Hanson
Journal of Extension
We used an online survey to document challenges experienced by aquaponic hobbyists (n = 81), producers (n = 117), and educators (n = 75). Responses were distilled into the following categories: 1) operations and management; 2) facilities, location, and system design; 3) knowledge and educational resources; 4) funding; 5) economic viability; 6) plant culture; 7) marketing and distribution; 8) fish culture; 9) human factors; 10) regulations and certifications. Training and research in these areas are needed to advance the aquaponics industry.
Development And Assessment Of A Food Safety Training Program For Farmers’ Market Vendors, Joshua Scheinberg, Rama Radhakrishna, Catherine Cutter
Development And Assessment Of A Food Safety Training Program For Farmers’ Market Vendors, Joshua Scheinberg, Rama Radhakrishna, Catherine Cutter
Journal of Extension
Based on results collected through a comprehensive needs assessment of farmers market (FM) vendors in Pennsylvania, the purpose of this study was to develop and pilot-test a customized, food safety training program for FM vendors. A customized 3-hour, in-person, training program was developed and pilot tested. Using pre- and post-test assessment tests through piloted training, the results found participants scores on knowledge questions increased significantly by ~20% (p
Establishing Parameters For Selecting Eligible Neutral Current Neutrino-Proton Elastic Scattering Events Using Minerνa Detector Samples, Amelia Genus
Theses
The neutrino has been a theorized particle since the early 1900’s but its elusive nature has made detecting, understanding, and characterizing it particularly difficult. Experiments to detect neutrinos aim to better discern how this Standard Model particle interacts with matter, its own unique properties, and its ties to the history of our universe. The MINVERvA collaboration studies scattering cross sections by using five different nuclear targets (water, carbon, iron, helium, and lead) to gain a wide array of data involving a range of interaction types. These precision measurements directly reduce the systematic uncertainties for larger neutrino experiments that search for …
The Evaluation Of A Clinical Decision Support Tool Using Natural Language Processing To Screen Hospitalized Adults For Unhealthy Substance Use: Protocol For A Quasi-Experimental Design, Cara Joyce, Talar W. Markossian, Jenna Nikolaides, Elisabeth Ramsey, Hale M. Thompson, Juan C. Rojas, Brihat Sharma, Dmitriy Dligach, Madeline Oguss, Richard S. Cooper, Majid Afshar
The Evaluation Of A Clinical Decision Support Tool Using Natural Language Processing To Screen Hospitalized Adults For Unhealthy Substance Use: Protocol For A Quasi-Experimental Design, Cara Joyce, Talar W. Markossian, Jenna Nikolaides, Elisabeth Ramsey, Hale M. Thompson, Juan C. Rojas, Brihat Sharma, Dmitriy Dligach, Madeline Oguss, Richard S. Cooper, Majid Afshar
Biostatistics Collaborative Core: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Background: Automated and data-driven methods for screening using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning may replace resource-intensive manual approaches in the usual care of patients hospitalized with conditions related to unhealthy substance use. The rigorous evaluation of tools that use artificial intelligence (AI) is necessary to demonstrate effectiveness before system-wide implementation. An NLP tool to use routinely collected data in the electronic health record was previously validated for diagnostic accuracy in a retrospective study for screening unhealthy substance use. Our next step is a noninferiority design incorporated into a research protocol for clinical implementation with prospective evaluation of clinical …
Cenozoic Extension Of The Lake Tanganyika Rift, East Africa: Structures, Tectonostratigraphy And Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction, Shaidu Shaban
Cenozoic Extension Of The Lake Tanganyika Rift, East Africa: Structures, Tectonostratigraphy And Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction, Shaidu Shaban
Dissertations - ALL
Active continental rifts are ideal sites for understanding the break-up of continents, and long-lived rift lake environments are known as important reservoirs for endemic communities and biodiversity. The sedimentary fill of extensional continental rifts within the East Africa Rift System (EARS) records a long history of continental extension and variable tropical climate that is unparalleled in its duration and fidelity. Continental extensional basins are sensitive to variations caused by the interplay between tectonics, sedimentary processes, and climate change. However, to discern the sedimentary fill history and its related tectonostratigraphy, as well as for reconstructing past climate changes, high-fidelity data such …
A Coherence-Colored Look Inside Reverse Micelles: Advancing Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry To Characterize Internal Water Pool Dynamics, Alec Beaton
Dissertations - ALL
Traditional data acquisition methods in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) collect a subset of the total amount of generated data and discard the rest. In this work, a modified approach toward NMR data acquisition and analysis is formalized and applied in a series of different contexts, ultimately illustrating the utility of collecting and considering this traditionally discarded data. In particular, it is shown that this approach both facilitates and improves NMR data acquisition capabilities at low field (15 MHz), enabling one to overcome challenges arising from, for example, fluctuations in the static magnetic field.With these developments in hand, the dual resonance …
Relationship Of Cognition And Alzheimer’S Disease With Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders: A Large-Scale Genetic Overlap And Mendelian Randomisation Analysis, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Eleanor K. O’Brien, Tenielle Porter, Simon M. Laws
Relationship Of Cognition And Alzheimer’S Disease With Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders: A Large-Scale Genetic Overlap And Mendelian Randomisation Analysis, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Eleanor K. O’Brien, Tenielle Porter, Simon M. Laws
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Emerging observational evidence suggests links between cognitive impairment and a range of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, the mechanisms underlying their relationships remain unclear. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association studies’ summary statistics, we comprehensively assessed genetic overlap and potential causality of cognitive traits and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with several GIT disorders. We demonstrate a strong and highly significant inverse global genetic correlation between cognitive traits and GIT disorders — peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastritis-duodenitis, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Further analysis detects 35 significant (p < 4.37 × 10 − 5) bivariate local genetic …
Gender Justice And Human Rights Symposium: Holistic Approaches To Gender Violence, Denisse Córdova Montes, Tamar Ezer, Reem Ali, Kayla Bokzam, Renu Sara Nargund, Megan Norris, Maxwell Zoberman
Gender Justice And Human Rights Symposium: Holistic Approaches To Gender Violence, Denisse Córdova Montes, Tamar Ezer, Reem Ali, Kayla Bokzam, Renu Sara Nargund, Megan Norris, Maxwell Zoberman
University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Relationship Between Young Adult Attachment And Loneliness Factors With Their Childhood Social Media Usage Patterns, Kenneth Walter Mark
The Relationship Between Young Adult Attachment And Loneliness Factors With Their Childhood Social Media Usage Patterns, Kenneth Walter Mark
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Social media use has become an integral and often ignored part of children’s lives because it is rationalized not to be detrimental to their future development. However, childhood social media use was associated with insecure attachment styles and possible loneliness issues emerging in young adulthood. Past research examined social media use and secular attachment in the present only, without examining spiritual attachment or loneliness levels. This is the first research study to explore longitudinally the relationship between past childhood social media use and current young adult (aged 18-24) secular attachment, spiritual attachment, and loneliness levels. The population (N = 149) …