Digital Commons Network^™

Usa V. Charles Sechler

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Evaluation Of Deep Learning Techniques For Intrusion Detection In Cybersecurity, Doaa El-Shahat, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelaziz, Waseem Akram, Muhammad Jabir Khan

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

The increasing prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is also leading to a rise in potential cybersecurity risks. Therefore, it has become crucial to develop effective solutions using deep learning to enable us to discover the various vulnerabilities that may arise from continuous technological advancements, and to defend against the different types of attacks that fraudsters might use to exploit system weaknesses, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, web attacks, and spoofing. Most model failures stem from their reliance solely on detecting spatial patterns and their failure to focus on detecting temporal patterns, resulting in poor performance …

Spatiotemporal Variations Of Tidal Asymmetry Along The Coast Of Taiwan: Characteristics And Implications, Ting-Chieh Lin, Tai-Wen Hsu, Tzu-Chun Huang, Chun-Yuan Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study presents the first systematic investigation into the spatiotemporal characteristics and evolutionary trends of tidal asymmetry along the coast of Taiwan from 2003 to 2022, employing a moving window method combined with the S_TIDE toolbox.  By quantifying the skewness of the Main Tidal Asymmetry Combinations (MTAC) and their temporal variations, the study reveals significant regional disparities between the eastern and western coasts.  The western coast is primarily dominated by the M2-M4 combination, with the northwestern region exhibiting a flood dominance pattern and the southwestern region characterized by ebb dominance.  Conversely, the eastern coast, attributed to its open topography and …

Association Of Frenal Attachment Morphology With Orthodontic And Esthetic Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Mohan Kumar Pasupuleti, Radhika Thakkar, Vijaya Lakshmi Pavani Molli, Digvijaysinh Parmar, Abhishek Jahagirdar, Subramanya Shetty M

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Background: Although individual studies have investigated the clinical significance of frenal attachments, no recent systematic review has comprehensively synthesized the evidence regarding the association between frenal attachment morphology, orthodontic treatment considerations, and esthetic outcomes. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to address this knowledge gap.
Methods: Electronic database searches were conducted through December 31, 2025, and studies published between January 2014 and December 2025 were eligible for inclusion.Eligible observational and clinical studies reporting orthodontic or esthetic outcomes associated with frenal attachment morphology were included. Study selection, data extraction, and CASP-based quality assessments were performed independently by two reviewers. Twelve studies …

Evaluation Of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor In Various Periodontal Conditions With Their Diagnostic Ability, Suzan A. Salman, Lubaba A. Abdulameer, Nadia M. Kadhim, Zainab J. Raheem, Hadeel M. Akram, Raghad F. Abbass

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Objectives: To profile the concentration of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontal health, biofilm-induced gingivitis, and periodontitis, and to evaluate its ability to discriminate between these periodontal conditions.
Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study in which GCF samples were collected from three groups: gingivitis, periodontitis, and periodontal health (control). Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss were measured as full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters. Gingival crevicular fluid macrophage migration inhibitory factor was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The concentration of (MIF) in the …

Corrosion Testing And Simulation Of Taiwan Offshore Wind Foundations, Yao-Hung Fan, Yen-Fu Liu, I-Ming Pan, Chih-Chung Wen, Hsiu-Chen Yeh, Chien-Ming Lo, Tai-Liang Kuo, Hung-Hua Sheu, Hung-Bin Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Taiwan is located in the subtropical zone, with high relative humidity and high salinity in the air, and there are marine organisms attached to structures in the sea. This study will analyze the durability of the corrosion structure materials of the underwater foundation of offshore wind turbines based on the local chemical environment and paint materials. The offshore wind turbine underwater infrastructure is placed in the small boat dock area of the National Taiwan Ocean University in Taiwan. Nine kinds of coatings certified by NORSOK M501 were used to prepare specimens, and the metal exposure test was carried out by …

Synchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning For Optimized Storage Assignment Of Ship Blocks, Gawon Lee, Jaehyeon Heo, Misung Kim, Hyerim Bae

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (RL) framework for optimizing block storage allocation in shipbuilding yards. During the shipbuilding process, vessels are constructed in block units to maximize the operational efficiency. Following assembly, these blocks must be stored in limited yard spaces, creating a complex variant of the binary packing problem. This storage allocation problem is further complicated by operational constraints, including the barge capacity and transportation time restrictions. Moreover, poor storage decisions can lead to redundant block movements, which can adversely affect downstream processes and increase operational costs. To resolve this problem, a policy-gradient-based synchronous RL model was …

Genai And The Self Represented Litigant, Kristen Clarke Kellems, Kristen Clarke Kellems, Kristen Clarke Kellems

Faculty Publications

Generative AI is making it easier for self-represented litigants to produce polished legal documents, but easier filing does not necessarily lead to better outcomes. This presentation examines how AI may expand access to courts while increasing weak filings, early dismissals, and burdens on the legal system.

The session reviews attorneys’ duties of technological competence, confidentiality, supervision, and citation verification. It also distinguishes general-purpose AI from legal research tools. Using a Utah third-party custody and guardianship problem, the presentation compares several tools based on statutory accuracy, legal comprehension, treatment of case law, and completeness. The results show that identifying controlling cases …

Book Review: Arming East Asia: Deterring China In The Early Cold War, Richard H. Immerman

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Eric Setzekorn

Reviewed by Richard H. Immerman, emeritus professor of history, Temple University

Covering American policy toward Asia in the Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower administrations, Arming East Asia: Deterring China in the Early Cold War looks to “enhance the historical sensibilities of contemporary policymakers, thereby enabling them to make informed—and by implication, better—decisions as the United States again confronts an aggressive China in the twenty-first century,” according to the reviewer. It focuses on the years 1952–60, though offers no “surprises for informed readers.”

Copyright: ©2026 Richard H. Immerman

Book Review: Nexus: A Brief History Of Information Networks From The Stone Age To Ai, David R. Leard

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Yuval Noah Harari

Reviewed by Colonel Daniel R. Leard, US Army War College Fellow at Princeton University

Built on the ideas that stories are important and bind civilizations, which results in human societies working as information networks, Nexus: A Brief History of Information Networks from the Stone Age to AI, by Yuval Noah Harari, is the third book exploring the evolution of humanity. Harari unpacks the idea that the networks people create have flaws and people tend to exploit these flaws to misuse power. Though the topic is heavy, the reviewer notes, Harari “presents deeply complex issues in …

Leakage-Safe Boosting Ensembles With Shap Explainability For Alzheimer's Disease Risk Prediction: A Rigorous Multi-Classifier Benchmark On Global Structured Clinical Data, Hadeer Mahmoud, Fady Salama

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major public health challenge, and scalable non-invasive risk-stratification tools are needed. We benchmarked 11 machine-learning classifiers on a publicly available global structured Alzheimer's prediction dataset (N = 74,283; 24 predictors) using leakage-safe sklearn/imblearn pipelines. Four resampling strategies were assessed with stratified cross-validation; preprocessing included imputation, IQR-based outlier capping, feature engineering, one-hot encoding, and standardization. The leading models underwent HalvingRandomSearchCV optimization, followed by soft-voting and stacking ensembles. Performance was evaluated on a held-out 20% test set and interpreted with SHAP, permutation importance, and built-in feature importance. No resampling was selected in Stage A (composite score = …

Explainable Deep Learning For Forensic Wound Analysis: A Survey Of Injury Classification, Gunshot Wound Interpretation, And Toward Court-Admissible Ai, Zakaria Ahmed, Zeshan Aslam Khan

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

Wound analyses conducted in forensics continue to be based on visual interpretation of pathologists and therefore exhibit variations among observers, especially when dealing with unusual injuries. Recent research using deep learning algorithms has proven that automated identification of wounds and interpreting gunshot wounds has achieved success with high levels of accuracy, ranging between 88% on large human datasets in distinguishing exit/entrance wounds and 94% to 98% in shooting distance and shotgun patterns. Nonetheless, most of these models still operate as black boxes. In this systematic review of deep learning methods in forensic wound assessment, there is emphasis placed on three …

Swarm-Calibrated Ordinal Forests For Risk-Aware Forecasting In Non-Stationary Intraday Financial Time Series, Ahmed S. Salama, Ahmad M. Nagm

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

Intraday non-stationary financial time series are difficult to model because of regime switching, volatility clustering, nonlinear price responses, and rapidly changing liquidity. Although machine-learning models can detect nonlinear dependencies, their direct use for intraday trading decisions can be unstable because of transaction costs, drawdown, and exposure risk. This study develops Swarm-Calibrated Ordinal Forests (SC-OF), a hybrid soft-computing architecture for risk-aware forecasting and execution control in non-stationary intraday markets. Continuous OHLCV streams are transformed into a technical-ordinal feature space in which ordinal symbolic patterns preserve local temporal ordering while reducing sensitivity to amplitude distortions. A validation-weighted ordinal forest combines random-forest and …

Usa V. Charles Brooks

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

Usa V. James Goode

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

The Self - Management Skills Of Faculty Members In Colleges Of Education At Iraqi Universities, Daoud Abdel Salam Sabri, Muwafaq Abdul Zahra Abdul Ridha

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

The current study aimed to identify the self-management skills of faculty members in Colleges of Education for Human Sciences at Iraqi public universities. The descriptive correlational approach was adopted in the study. The research population consisted of faculty members in Colleges of Education for Human Sciences at Iraqi public universities across all Iraqi governorates, excluding the Kurdistan Region, for the academic year (2025–2026). The population totaled (7,176) faculty members distributed across (37) colleges the study sample consisted of (400) faculty members holding the academic ranks of Professor, Assistant Professor, Lecturer, and Assistant Lecturer. They were selected using a proportionate stratified …

The Representation Of Medical Humanities In Scott Mcpherson's Marvin's Room, Ahmed Abed Mohammed, Haitham Kamel Al-Zubaidi

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

This study is a critical attempt of reading Scott McPherson's Marvin's Room in the light of medical humanities in postmodern American drama, arguing that the play does not deal with illness as merely a medical case. Instead, it shows that illness becomes a human condition that changes the patients' bodies, their behaviors, families, homes and even the meaning of care. The study throws light on Bessie's leukemia, Marvin's chronic illness, Lee's return and the confined domestic space as related signs of suffering, responsibility, fear and possible reunion among the members of the family. Medical humanities is highly relevant to this …

Morphological Processing Instruction And Academic Word List Acquisition Among Undergraduate Efl Students: A Mixed-Methods Educational Psycholinguistic Study, Noor Yaseen Khudhair

Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

This study examined the effect of a learning strategy based on explicit morphological processing on the acquisition of Academic Word List (AWL) items among undergraduate EFL students, within an educational psycholinguistic framework. A quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest, non-equivalent control group design was combined with a qualitative strand in a convergent mixed-methods approach. Seventy-two undergraduate students enrolled in an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) course were assigned by intact class to an experimental group (n = 36), which received explicit instruction in morphological analysis, and a control group (n = 36), which received conventional definition- and context-based vocabulary instruction. Both groups were taught …

Spartan Daily, September 15, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2026

Volume 167, Issue 10

A Micro-Computed Tomographic Evaluation Of Root Canal Isthmuses In Maxillary And Mandibular First Molars Of A Black South African Population, Casper Jonker, Anna Catherina Oettlé

Peninsula Dental School

Objective:To evaluate root canal isthmuses in maxillary and mandibular first molars of Black South Africans usingmicro-computed tomography.Methods:The prevalence, location (root third) and type of isthmuses were recorded on 93 maxillary and 84mandibular first molars from 116 skeletonized individuals. Associations with arch side, sex and age were examined bychi-squared test, with strength of association given as the bias-adjusted Cramér’s V and 95% confidence interval (CI).Reliability used percentage agreement and Cohen’s kappa (κ) coefficient.Results:Intra- and inter-observer agreement were excellent: 96.73% (κ= 0.90) and 97.78% (κ= 0.95) for themaxillary teeth and 94.12% (κ= 0.75) and 96.08% (κ= 0.94) for the mandibular teeth. Apical …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Topological Flux Replicator (Tfr) Protocol For Censorship-Resistant Desynchronized Grid Routing And Memory Manifolds (Spec-167), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the protocol architecture, mathematical modeling, and hardware-layer constraints for a decentralized, censorship-resistant grid routing system and non-volatile memory manifold. Current mesh communications and cloud storage models are structurally vulnerable to state-wide routing interdiction, targeted nodal blackouts, and top-down centralized configuration scrubbing.

The Topological Flux Replicator (TFR) protocol resolves these architectural failure modes by utilizing an asynchronous, desynchronized network state distribution model. By executing a math-native state matrix routing protocol directly across fragmented physical substrates, the network achieves structural permanence without relying on static central IP routing, persistent DNS architecture, or linear block inheritance. This document represents a …

Technical Disclosure Specification: The Complementary Bi-Node Isospectral Flow Matrix (Cb-Ifm) For Coherent State Reconstruction In Non-Isolated Exascale Architectures (Spec-165), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the architectural topology, mathematical framework, and physical execution layer for a self-contained, complementary bi-node intelligence architecture. Traditional distributed processing systems suffer from state-space fragmentation, latency-induced phase drift, and thermodynamic decoherence when scaling across high-dimensional variable fields. The Complementary Bi-Node Isospectral Flow Matrix (CB-IFM) resolves these constraints by establishing two asymmetric, structurally coupled processing nodes—Node-Alpha (Stochastic Divergence Engine) and Node-Beta (Deterministic Convergence Governor)—operating across a non-commutative translation boundary.

By utilizing continuous unitary transformations to maintain isospectral invariance across both systems, the architecture ensures that open-ended exploratory computation can occur simultaneously with rigorous axiomatic validation without inducing state drift …

Vortex Reprogramming Platform (Vrp-1.0) A Closed-Loop, Tissue-Calibrated, Acoustic-Vortex Delivery System For Safe Partial Cellular Reprogramming With Integrated Lipid Clearance, Real-Time P53 Monitoring, And Pre-Screening Safety Gate, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The Vortex Reprogramming Platform (VRP-1.0) is an open-hardware, closed-loop research system designed to deliver p53-preserving chemical reprogramming agents to aged human cells using acoustic-vortex microfluidic forces, while simultaneously monitoring cell state in real time and clearing the lipid droplet accumulation that published research identifies as a primary barrier to successful in vivo chemical rejuvenation.

The platform integrates five novel elements not found in any currently published reprogramming system:

1. Pre-treatment oncogenic pre-screening gate — removes high-risk cells before reprogramming begins, not after (proactive, not reactive safety)

2. Acoustic-vortex intracellular delivery of chemical reprogramming agents without viral vectors, following the AESOP physics (UC …

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Caldwell Corn Husk Geotextile Erosion Control Mat (Ch-Gecm-1.0), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This document discloses a complete, open process for manufacturing a biodegradable erosion control mat (ECM) from corn husk fiber (Zea mays L.) bound with a starch-PVA composite adhesive, reinforced with a jute or coir stitching net, and formed into a rolled product for hillslope and channel erosion protection. The mat is designed for 6–18 months of field service during vegetation establishment, after which it fully biodegrades. The process uses no toxic resins, no synthetic polymers in the parent mat (netting is optional), and is buildable at small scale with basic workshop equipment. All parameters, ratios, temperatures, pressures, and test protocols …

Graduated Verifiable Autonomy Architecture (Gvaa), Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

ES-1. Core Objective: This architecture document establishes strict, deterministic normative constraints for securing execution runtimes populated by autonomous AI agents. Rather than relying on the statistical, inherently non-deterministic alignment of neural network weights, GVAA shifts the entire security perimeter to structural containment. It enforces rigid barriers across the execution runtime, host operating system resources, and boundary communication channels.

ES-2. Engineering Metrics & Feasibility: Deploying the baseline implementation configuration (Minimal Profile) requires an engineering overhead of 2 to 6 weeks on a standard production infrastructure (Linux, WebAssembly, LangGraph). The monitoring and verification infrastructure (Invariant Core) introduces a latency penalty of less …

The Rbaam-6 Matrix: A Modular, Acoustically Suspended, Self-Healing Dual-Shell Habitat Architecture For High-Survivability In-Situ Mars Colonization, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Traditional extraterrestrial architectural paradigms rely on heavy, brute-force physical materials shipped from Earth to withstand the massive atmospheric pressure differentials and environmental hazards of Mars. This paper introduces the Reactive Bio-Acoustic Armor Matrix (RBAAM-6), a novel, 6-layer defense-in-depth habitat architecture. By separating internal tension loads (atmospheric containment) from external compression loads (environmental shielding), the RBAAM-6 utilizes an intermediate, submarine-style 'sally port' buffer zone regulated by interlocking harmonic standing waves. The structure integrates self-healing biological matrices, active kinetic impact countermeasures, a completely modular, snap-tile interior for rapid component replacement, and nitrogen-suppressed utility channels featuring non-energy transparent visual verification zones. This architecture …

Architecture Of An Autonomous Nanobot Construction Workshop, Suma Mallapragada, Vaishnavi Sankepally

Defensive Publications Series

This work presents an architectural framework for an autonomous workshop that constructs encapsulated nanobots from a user-specified design rather than executing one fixed fabrication recipe. The central problem is to transform a nanobot design, functional requirements, supplied materials, and an available physical-process environment into a construction process that can be planned, executed, observed, corrected, verified, encapsulated, and physically handed off. The architecture therefore treats the nanobot as an evolving physical artifact rather than as a static CAD object. Its material, geometry, quantity, process state, location and orientation, provenance, verification state, and uncertainty are represented throughout construction. A new machine-independent …

Architectural Specification For Localized Sub-2-Bit Ternary Model Execution Engines On Mobile System-On-Chip Unified Silicon Architecture (Project Caltrop), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies a structural, production-ready implementation of an entirely localized, air-gapped, zero-telemetry Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) inference runtime engine. The system is engineered to execute within user-space memory on handheld unified memory System-on-Chip (SoC) microarchitectures, specifically optimizing for the Apple A19 Pro 3nm (N3P) fabric featuring a 16-core Neural Engine and 12 GB of LPDDR5X unified RAM. By enforcing a sub-2-bit ternary weight constraint $W \in \{-1, 0, 1\}$ via BitNet binarization scaling matrix math, this architecture entirely eliminates floating-point General Matrix Multiply (GEMM) hardware dependencies. General matrix operations are instead executed via raw integer bit-shifts and basic accumulator …

Consensus Agentic Protocol For Validating Autonomous Agent Transactions, Adrian Osorio, Rizky Ahmad Pratama, Harshadeep Kambhampati, Blake Bezold, Ryan Chernoff, Aaron Dhillon

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method for validating transactions initiated by autonomous agents before submission to payment processing infrastructure. A consensus agentic protocol operates as a pre-authorization validation layer after agent identity verification by a trusted agent protocol. The consensus agentic protocol includes a CAP gateway that composes a panel of validation agents from a juror catalog based on per-buyer configuration. Each juror returns a normalized score from 0 to 100 with a rationale, or abstains. A vote mapping aggregator compares each score against a per-juror, per-buyer threshold to produce a vote and applies unanimous-veto aggregation where any single rejection cancels the …

Maintenance-Free Solar Generator: A Sun-Tracking Mirror Field And A Zero-Wear Nasa-Heritage Engine, Brett R. Jones

Defensive Publications Series

A concept-stage engineering brief for an unattended, maintenance-free solar generator pairing two components chosen for having no wear-driven failure mode: a sun-tracking field of small, solid-state-actuated mirrors in place of a motorized two-axis gimbal, and a free-piston Stirling engine of the type NASA Glenn has run continuously for 14+ years with zero maintenance and which Qnergy produces commercially today. Sized to match the optical aperture of the Ripasso Energy dish that holds the reported world record for solar-to-electricity conversion, the combination is projected to deliver roughly 20-26 kWe of continuous power. The brief states its central unresolved dependency directly rather …