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Revisiting Eli Lilly V. Canada: Judicial Interpretation Of Ip Law And Exposure To Investor-State Disputes, Yumu Chen

Duke Law & Technology Review

Eli Lilly v. Canada was an investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) case widely noted for signaling a regime shift in intellectual property (IP) protection from the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) to ISDS. Its true yet often overlooked significance, however, lies in being a case of first impression on whether judicial interpretation of IP law may serve as a basis for state responsibility independent of denial of justice. To bridge that gap, this Note undertakes a close reading of the novel doctrinal discussion in Eli Lilly and related precedents, drawing implications for the broader theory of state …

Strategies To Reduce Prolonged Emergency Department Length Of Stay And Improve Outcomes For Elderly Patients, Shameeka Shonta Mcduffie

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prolonged emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) among elderly patients is a complex and escalating challenge that calls for immediate strategic action from healthcare administrators seeking to improve outcomes and system efficiency. The purpose of this integrative review is to identify evidence-based strategies to optimize emergency department quality of care for elderly patients in acute hospital settings by examining systemic, clinical, and operational contributors to extended ED stays. A comprehensive review of literature published between 2021 and 2025 was conducted using systematic search and appraisal methods. Findings from the 12 peer-reviewed studies included in the final analysis were appraised …

Challenges And Supports Of Principals’ Implementation Of Social-Emotional Learning, Nikomar Mosley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

School districts throughout the United States are increasingly implementing social and emotional learning (SEL). The problem addressed in this study is that K-12 principals are struggling with the mandated implementation of SEL at Northeastern School District (NSD), a large, diverse urban school district. Guided by the collaborative for academic, social, and emotional learning competency and implementation frameworks, the purpose of this qualitative study was to explore K-12 principals’ experiences with the mandated implementation of SEL at NSD. For this basic qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 principals. Through thematic analysis, the following themes emerged: (a) SEL is not …

Musculoskeletal Infection Reporting And Data System (Mski-Rads): Reviewed And Explained, Angela He, Flavio Duarte Silva, Mina Guirguis, Erin F. Alaia, William B Morrison, Avneesh Chhabra

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

A standardized guideline and scoring system are recommended for the imaging evaluation of musculoskeletal infections on MR imaging. The Musculoskeletal Infection Reporting and Data System (MSKI-RADS) is a recently developed and validated classification system using MR imaging that can be used to classify the severity and extent of musculoskeletal infections, improve radiology-pathology concordance, and outline the corresponding management recommendations. This review article explains MSKI-RADS and discusses the different elements of this system in detail with a review of pertinent literature so that the readers can apply it in their practices. The work outlines the technical considerations for optimal MR imaging …

Spartan Daily, February 24, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2026

Volume 165, Issue 14

Healthy Work Environment: A Positive Change In The Healthcare System, Rajveer Kaur, Jiji Andrews

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

It empowered the nurses through structural and psychological infrastructure, paying attention to the detailed work, applying the knowledge from other disciplines to incorporate in the nursing science for evidence-based practice, and utilizing skills in the nursing practice for healthy work environment engagement. Due to the nursing shortage, nursing leaders must understand a healthy workplace for clinical nurses and drive a positive change in the environment by using educational programs. A study was conducted in the hospital on a medical-surgical unit to evaluate the effects of Authentic leadership and actions producing positive patient outcomes. The study results include psychological empowerment, improved …

Laser-Focusing Defense Capabilities, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

This commentary examines the growing strategic importance of high-energy laser weapons as part of modern multidomain defense and deterrence. As unmanned systems, hypersonic delivery platforms, and electronic warfare capabilities expand the speed and scale of modern conflict, traditional kinetic defenses face increasing limitations. Directed-energy systems, particularly high-energy lasers, offer scalable, precise, and cost-effective countermeasures against emerging threats. While laser weapons are not a universal solution, continued investment in power generation, beam control, artificial intelligence integration, and operational doctrine could allow these systems to play a central role in future defense architectures. Properly developed and integrated, laser technologies could strengthen deterrence, …

Nursing Student Perceptions Of Clinical Experiences With Practicing Nurses: A Descriptive Research Study, Carolyn E. Smith, Jenna E. Davis

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Clinical education is an essential part of the nursing curriculum contributing to critical thinking skills and nursing judgment. The students’ experiences within the clinical setting sets a precedence for their future careers and how they interact with their peers and interprofessional team members (Mamaghani et al., 2019). Communication between the bedside nurses and the students is a key factor to student success and confidence at the bedside. The tone, topic, and timing of the conversation between students, nurses, and/or peers, may impact the student view of bedside nursing. Positive interactions and supportive feedback leads to improved patient care, clinical judgment, …

Student’S Experience With Cognitive Rehearsal To Address Incivility, Penny A. Sauer, Margaret M. Verzella

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Nurses need to be able to advocate for their patients, even if they face verbal abuse or incivility. Current literature indicates that 66.2%-95.1% of nurses experience verbal abuse (Dadfar & Lester, 2021) with younger, inexperienced nurses having higher levels of abuse (Zulfan et al., 2022). Nurses who face workplace violence, including verbal abuse, have higher levels of stress, impacting their mental and physical health (Sauer & McCoy, 2017).

A mixed-method study was conducted with undergraduate nursing students to determine their response to a simulation that included difficult communication with a healthcare provider. Students were provided with tools and strategies to …

Theoretical Contributions To A Positive Work Environment, Sharon Prawl

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Objectives: Examination of the success of nurse preceptors is moving toward the need for co-creation between nurse leaders and nurses in the role of nurse preceptors. The current nursing workforce has five generations in the cohort of healthcare workers: Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials (Generation Y), and Generation Z (Bacon, 2023). Each group may have different characteristics and traits; supporting them can be challenging. As noted, the demographics of the workforce have changed. Therefore, Nurse Leaders (NL) must demonstrate inclusive leadership behaviors that result in practice environments where all individuals, diverse in their ages, experiences, and education, …

Organizational Trust And Burnout Among Registered Nurses And Patient Care Aides: A Qualitative Study, Katherine C. Brewer, Andrew Dierkes, Allison A. Norful

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

Background: Healthcare worker wellbeing has emerged as a pivotal topic in workforce research. Organizational factors may impact well-being as much as individual and personal factors. One organizational determinant of well-being includes institutional trust; specifically, how the relationship between clinician and employer influences well-being (e.g., burnout). Institutional trust is an important factor in human caring professions, due to the moral and emotional nature of the work and the expectation for safety and provision among clinicians by employers. Existing clinician well-being research rarely studies institutional trust among registered nurses (RNs) and patient care aides (PCAs), despite their important frontline role in patient …

Weaponizing The First Amendment: Captive Audience Laws Recast From Shield To Sword, Seth Freeman

Seattle University Law Review Online

This Comment examines the evolution and misuse of captive audience laws in the United States, particularly as they have shifted from narrow exceptions in First Amendment jurisprudence to expansive tools for ideological suppression. Originally designed to protect individuals from unavoidable and coercive speech, especially in private spaces like the home, captive audience laws have increasingly been utilized in regulating workplace speech, with a recent focus on suppressing conversations around diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). Through an analysis of foundational Supreme Court cases and an exploration of recent legislative trends, this Comment reveals how state legislatures have weaponized captive audience doctrine …

Staff Education To Improve Psychiatric Nurses’ Use Of Evidence-Based Strategies For Supporting Medication Adherence In Outpatient Settings, Lilian Ndifon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Psychiatric medication nonadherence remains a persistent barrier to effective outpatient mental health care and contributes to relapse, rehospitalization, and disrupted continuity of care. In outpatient psychiatric settings, nurses are often responsible for patient education and follow-up, yet many lack formal training in evidence-based strategies to support medication adherence. This staff education project was implemented at an outpatient psychiatric facility to address this practice gap. The practice-focused question asked whether a structured staff education intervention would improve outpatient psychiatric nurses’ knowledge of evidence-based medication adherence strategies. Twelve outpatient psychiatric nurses participated in a one-hour educational session focused on motivational interviewing, psychoeducation, …

Impact Of Cloud Computing On Organization’S Profitability, Simeon Adeoye Bakare

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cloud computing is a virtual pool of services that provides confidentiality, availability, integrity, and authenticity for customers and cloud service providers, yet many organizations underutilize available cloud resources. This underutilization is a concern for organizational information technology (IT) leaders because solving it would improve secure scalability, operational efficiency, and return on investment. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM3) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT3), the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the security measures that IT Security managers can implement to ensure their organizations remain secure when using cloud computing infrastructure. …

A Nurse-Led Clinical Practice Guideline To Improve Medication Adherence Among Psychiatric Home-Health Patients, Amber Murillo - Alonzo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Medication nonadherence among psychiatric patients receiving home-health services contributes to symptom relapse, preventable hospitalizations, and decreased quality of life. Inconsistent medication education and adherence monitoring within home-health settings may further exacerbate this problem. The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice project was to develop and evaluate a nurse-led clinical practice guideline (CPG) designed to improve medication adherence among psychiatric home-health patients. The practice-focused question asked: What evidence, based on content expert review using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument, supports the quality and usability of a CPG to improve medication adherence in a …

Retrospective Narrative Analysis Of Perceived Manifestations Of Burnout Among Emergency Physicians Amid Covid-19 Pandemic, Nicole Jauregui

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed stress on healthcare systems globally, with emergency department (ED) physicians experiencing an acute impact due to their frontline role. Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment, has been widely reported by healthcare providers during the pandemic. However, the specific manifestations of burnout among ED physicians remain underexplored, particularly from their own perspectives. This study is grounded in Maslach’s Multidimensional Theory of Burnout and Alan Card’s theory of Avoidable versus Unavoidable Suffering, providing a framework to interpret ED physicians’ experiences and distinguish between the inherent challenges of frontline work and …

Effective Human Resources Strategies For Flexible Parental Leave Applications, Omolola Balogun

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A lack of flexibility in the application of human resources (HR) parental leave policy can negatively affect employee capacity and organizational sustainability. HR leadership policymakers are concerned that parental leave policies fail to accommodate individual employee circumstances, limiting effective workforce support and retention. Grounded in the resource-based view theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to identify and explore the effective strategies that HR leadership policymakers use to develop and implement flexible parental leave HR policy applications tailored to individual employee situations, thereby supporting improved employee capacity and the overall success and sustainability of the business. The participants …

Cle Program: Putting People At The Center Of Representation 2-24-2026, Roger Williams University School Of Law

School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events

No abstract provided.

Note Of Hyperneutrosophic Crisp Set And Superhyperneutrosophic Crisp Set, Takaaki Fujita, Iqbal M. Batiha

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Inferential Study Using Neutrosophic Imputation Techniques In Two-Phase Sampling, Alia A. Alkhathami, Salemah A. Almutlak, Showkat Ahmad Lone, Vinay Kumar Yadav

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Irregular Pythagorean Neutrosophic Graphs, P. Chellamani, D. Ajay

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, Vol. 96, 2026, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Maikel. Leyva Vazquez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Biological Opinion Monitoring Of Riparian Habitat And Forest Stand Resources, Peter D. Howe

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Oscillation Conditions For Solutions Of First Order Piecewise Constant Neutral Differential Equations, Sora Ali Majeed, Hussain Ali Mohamad

Baghdad Science Journal

The research seeks to examine a new form of equations as well as possible criteria for oscillation and non-oscillation for all solutions of first-order neutral differential equations with the piecewise constant, whether these oscillatory solutions are convergent or non-convergent, by finding sufficient conditions that guarantee the oscillation of all solutions of these equations. According to NDEPC, these equations contain three delays and three coefficients, which requires that part of the coefficients in this equation be piecewise continuous. In witch A function that assumes constant values over predetermined intervals is known as a piecewise constant argument (PCA). The biggest integer function …

Honey Badger Algorithm-Based Feature Selection For Ddos Attack Detection In Iot Networks, Mustafa Azeez Al-Mayyahi, Ahmed Raad Al-Sudani

Baghdad Science Journal

By quick computer and communication technology improvement, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack harm is getting more important. DDoS attacks research is the important study domain; a number of methods exist which have been presented like the algorithm of evolutionary as well as artificial intelligence in literature to diagnose attacks of DDoS. Unfortunately, new popular models of DDoS diagnosis are deteriorating for validating DDoS attacks objective and prior identification. Because of DDoS attack modes diversity as well as various attack traffic amount, still there is not the technique of diagnosis with promising accuracy of diagnosis currently. By choosing the best …

Uas Path Planning With Dynamic Rerouting Using A Space-Time Graph, Kimoy Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

UAS systems have emerged as multifaceted technologies with applications across a wide range of sectors. Their ability to access areas that are difficult or unsafe for manned systems has made them invaluable tools in various domains. As a result, UAS have transformed numerous industries, including infrastructure inspection, delivery and logistics, military and defense, as well as precision agriculture and environmental monitoring.

The advancement in UAS technology is fundamentally reliant upon ongoing research efforts in the specialized area of UAS path planning. Optimal flight planning is essential for a UAV to effectively execute its mission’s task safely, effectively, and in congruence …

Only Americans Left Behind: Iran’S Illegal Use Of Hostages As Political Pawns To Advance Their Foreign Policy, Ava Namazi

San Diego International Law Journal

The Islamic Republic of Iran has emerged as one of the most prominent contemporary practitioners of hostage diplomacy—a strategy rooted in the 1979 Hostage Crisis and sustained through recurring detentions of foreign nationals on fabricated security charges. The government uses innocent foreign nationals as political pawns to coerce Western states, including the United States, to release frozen Iranian assets held abroad. This Comment situates Iran’s use of hostage diplomacy within its post-revolutionary foreign policy, examining how the collapse of the Pahlavi dynasty contributed to this tactic. Additionally, this Comment will analyze the current international legal frameworks governing hostage diplomacy and …

An International Human Rights-Based Approach To Reducing Maternal Mortality And Enhancing Safe Motherhood In Africa, John Mukum Mbaku

San Diego International Law Journal

In 2015, the U.N. General Assembly (UNGA) noted that almost fifteen years after the global community had agreed to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which provided an important framework for economic and human development, significant progress has been made in several areas. However, the UNGA explained that many developing countries have not been able to achieve the MDGs, especially those goals related to maternal and reproductive health. Although the global maternal mortality rate has declined significantly, only 50% of pregnant women in developing countries receive the recommended minimum of four antenatal care visits. Additionally, complications suffered during pregnancy and childbirth …

Seamless Security: Reforming Export Controls For A Stronger Allied Defense Industrial Base, Justin Belcher

San Diego International Law Journal

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and China’s accelerating military modernization underscore the need for the United States and its allies to reinforce their defense industrial bases to deter and prevail in future conflicts. This paper examines the historical and strategic foundations driving the need for export control reform, identifies key U.S. export control laws governing defense coproduction and co-development, and analyzes how current regulations constrain allied industrial integration. It concludes by proposing solutions to streamline export control regulations to improve the strength and resilience of the modern defense industrial base.

Hybrid Vision Transformer–Cnn Framework For Alzheimer’S Disease Cell Type Classification: A Comparative Study With Vision–Language Models, Md Easin Hasan, Md Tahmid Hasan Fuad, Omar Sharif, Amy Wagler

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Accurate identification of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related cellular characteristics from microscopy images is essential for understanding neurodegenerative mechanisms at the cellular level. While most computational approaches focus on macroscopic neuroimaging modalities, cell type classification from microscopy remains relatively underexplored. In this study, we propose a hybrid vision transformer–convolutional neural network (ViT–CNN) framework that integrates DeiT-Small and EfficientNet-B7 to classify three AD-related cell types—astrocytes, cortical neurons, and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells—from phase-contrast microscopy images. We perform a comparative evaluation against conventional CNN architectures (DenseNet, ResNet, InceptionNet, and MobileNet) and prompt-based multimodal vision–language models (GPT-5, GPT-4o, and Gemini 2.5-Flash) using zero-shot, few-shot, and chain-of-thought …