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Histological And Immunohistochemical Study On The Effect Of Melatonin In Rat Cerebellar Cortex Injury After Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Ligation, Dalia A. Shabaan, Awny H. Yaseen, Amany S. El-Lakany, Amany A. El-Hawwary

Mansoura Medical Journal

Brain ischemia is a condition inwhich there is insufficient blood flowto meet its metabolic demands leadingto many functional and structuralchanges.The cerebellum is consideredone of the vulnerable regionsforbrain ischemia. Melatonin, producedby the pineal gland, has antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and antiapoptoticeffects. Therefore, thecurrentstudy has been performed toevaluatethe effect of melatonin administrationon induced ischemic reperfusioninjury (I/R) in rat cerebellarcortex.Thirty adult male albino ratswereused and divided into threegroups(10 rats / group). Group Acontainedthe sham-control rats, while group B included I/R rats whichwere subjected to transient ischemiaby ligation of both common carotidarteries simultaneously for 10 minutesand subdivided into 2 subgroups;B1(3 days after I/R) and B2(onemonth after I/R). …

Mole Street Journal, February 2014, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Mole Street Journal, January 2014, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

"What Does This Graph Mean?" Formative Assessment With Science Inquiry To Improve Data Analysis, Andrea Dawn Leech

Dissertations and Theses

This study investigated the use of formative assessment to improve three specific data analysis skills within the context of a high school chemistry class: graph interpretation, pattern recognition, and making conclusions based on data. Students need to be able to collect data, analyze that data, and produce accurate scientific explanations (NRC, 2011) if they want to be ready for college and careers after high school. This mixed methods study, performed in a high school chemistry classroom, investigated the impact of the formative assessment process on data analysis skills that require higher order thinking. We hypothesized that the use of evaluative …

Electronic Properties Of Inp (001)/Hfo2 (001) Interface: Band Offsets And Oxygen Dependence, Santosh Kc

Faculty Publications

Using ab-initio methods, atomic structures and electronic properties of InP (001)/HfO2 (001) interface are studied within the framework of density functional theory. We examine the InP/HfO2 model interface electronic structures under varying oxidation conditions. The effects of indium and phosphorous concentrations on interfacial bonding, defect states, band offsets, and the thermodynamic stability at the interface are also investigated. The origin of interfacial gap states in InP (001)/HfO2 (001) interface are proposed, mainly from the P-rich oxides, which is validated by our experimental work. This highlights the importance of surface passivation prior to high-κ deposition based on the in situ spectroscopic …

Mole Street Journal, December 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Human Hair Keratin Protein, Hair Fibers And Hydroxyapatite (Ha) Composite Scaffold For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Samuel Siyum

ETD Archive

The field of tissue engineering aims at promoting the regeneration of tissues or replacement of failing or malfunctioning tissue by means of combining a scaffold material, adequate cells and bioactive molecules. Different materials have been proposed for use as three-dimensional porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering procedures. Among them, polymers of natural origin are one of the most attractive options mainly due to their similarities with the extracellular matrix (ECM), chemical versatility as well as typically good biological performance. In this study, two biocompatible composite scaffolds were developed from natural polymer by tissue engineering approach and tested in vitro. The …

Ursinus Magazine, Winter 2014, Wendy Greenberg, Kathryn Campbell, Ellen Labrecque, Jennifer Meininger Wolfe, Bobby Fong, Briana Mullan, Meredith Goldsmith, Joshua C. Walsh, Greg Fraser, Erica Lamberg, Erika Compton, Mark D. Ellison

Ursinus Magazine, 1995–Present

Letter from the President • A formal step toward sustainable living • More than books: Myrin Library moves to modernize • One program changing many lives • Centennial Conference champs! • Healing on horseback • Fighting hunger one meal at a time • Small, destructive and hungry • Wonderful Town • Nurturing an entrepreneurial mindset • Strokes of greatness • Annenberg Public Policy Center names Dr. Lynne Edwards Distinguished Research Fellow • Fostering engagement with art • Eye on the arts • Sweet harmony: A young songwriter pursues his passion • The art of writing • The Last Word • …

Diphenylethoxy-Substituted Metal-Free And Metallophthalocyanines As Potential Photosensitizer For Photodynamic Therapy: Synthesis And Photophysical And Photochemical Properties, Yusuf Yilmaz, Ali̇ Erdoğmuş, Muhammet Kasim Şener

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The synthesis of a 4-(2,2-diphenylethoxy)phthalonitrile (1) and its organosoluble free base (2), zinc(II) (3), nickel(II) (4), and cobalt(II) (5) phthalocyanine derivatives is presented in this work. The novel complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data such as infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet visible, and mass data. General tendencies were described for photophysics (fluorescence) and photochemistry (photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields) of the free base and zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivatives in dimethylformamide. The quantum yield values of fluorescence (\Phi_F), singlet oxygen formation (\Phi_{\Delta}), and photodegradation (\Phi_d) for the zinc phthalocyanine were found to be 0.37, 0.48, and 9.12 \times …

Generation Of Diverse Molecular Complexity From Cyclooctatetraene, Mohamed Fawzy El Mansy

Dissertations (1934 -)

ABSTRACT

GENERATION OF DIVERSE MOLECULAR COMPLEXITY

FROM CYCLOOCTATETRAENE

Mohamed F. El Mansy, B.Sc, M.Sc.

Marquette University, 2014

The use of simple hydrocarbons as starting materials for the synthesis of complex molecules relies on efficient methods for oxidation, functionalization or rearrangement. For example, various researchers have explored cyclopentadiene or cycloheptatriene as precursors for the preparation of a wide variety of drug candidates, natural products and synthetic products. The purpose of this research is to explore methods to transform the simple hydrocarbon, cyclooctatetraene (COT) into complex target molecules.

Tricarbonyl (cyclooctatetraene)iron, readily prepared from COT, reacts with a variety of electrophiles to form …

Advances In The Electrodeposition Of Aluminum From Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Kirt Leadbetter

Theses and Dissertations

Aluminum plating is of considerable technical and economic interest because it provides an eco-friendly substitute for cadmium coatings used on many military systems. However, cadmium has been determined to be a significant environmental safety and occupational health (ESOH) hazard because of its toxicity and carcinogenic nature. Furthermore, the cost of treating and disposing of generated wastes, which often contain cyanide, is costly and is becoming prohibitive in the face of increasingly stringent regulatory standards. The non-toxic alternative aluminum is equivalent or superior in performance to cadmium. In addition, it could serve to provide an alternative to hexavalent chromium coatings used …

Sublattice-Induced Symmetry Breaking And Bandgap Formation In Graphene, Ralph A. Skomski, Peter A. Dowben, M Sky Driver, Jeffery A. Kelber

Peter Dowben Publications

A reduction of symmetry from C_6v to C_3v leads to the opening of a band gap in the otherwise gapless semiconductor graphene. Simple models provide a fairly complete picture of this mechanism for opening a band gap and in fact can be discussed in terms of the tight-binding approximation, accurately resolving the wave-vector space to a very high accuracy. This picture is consistent with experiments that yield a band gap due to A and B graphene-site symmetry breaking due to substrate interactions.

Determination Of Residue Levels Of Alphachloralose In Duck Tissues, David A. Goldade, Randal S. Stahl, John J. Johnston

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Alpha-chloralose (AC) is used to capture nuisance waterfowl so that they can be relocated. Concerns for food safety limit its use prior to or during the waterfowl hunting season. To determine its half-life in tissue, we administered AC to adult male (n = 7) and female (n = 5) mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) via oral gavage. A gel capsule containing 100 μCi of radioactive AC (¹⁴C-AC) and sufficient nonlabeled AC to produce a dose of approximately 30 mg/kg was given to each duck.The ducks were euthanized at 2, 6, 10, and 18 hours postdosing (n = …

The Anti-Epilepsy Potential And Antagonism Of The N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor By Diaminodiphenyls, Kyle Robert Scully

Open Access Dissertations

Epilepsy is a disorder characterized by the occurrence of seizures, which are periods of abnormally excessive synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Affecting over 70 million people worldwide, many of whom do not respond to pharmacotherapy, there is a need for novel anticonvulsant compound discovery. Diaminodiphenyl compounds, a class of compounds shown to present anticonvulsive effects in vivo have been purported to exert their effects on the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr); an excitatory, ionotropic receptor that is a key player in the functions of the glutamatergic system. The glutamatergic system is vital in the promotion of synaptic plasticity and has …

Determination Of Residue Levels Of Alpha-Chloralose In Duck Tissues, David A. Goldade, Randal S. Stahl, John. J. Johnston

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Alpha-chloralose (AC) is used to capture nuisance waterfowl so that they can be relocated. Concerns for food safety limit its use prior to or during the waterfowl hunting season. To determine its half-life in tissue, we administered AC to adult male (n = 7) and female (n = 5) mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) via oral gavage. A gel capsule containing 100 μCi of radioactive AC (14C-AC) and sufficient nonlabeled AC to produce a dose of approximately 30 mg/kg was given to each duck.The ducks were euthanized at 2, 6, 10, and 18 hours postdosing …

Smart Grids: A Paradigm Shift On Energy Generation And Distribution With The Emergence Of A New Energy Management Business Model, Jesus Alvaro Cardenas

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

An energy and environmental crisis will emerge throughout the world if we continue with our current practices of generation and distribution of electricity. A possible solution to this problem is based on the Smart grid concept, which is heavily influenced by Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Although the electricity industry is mostly regulated, there are global models used as roadmaps for Smart Grids' implementation focusing on technologies and the basic generation-distribution-transmission model. This project aims to further enhance a business model for a future global deployment. It takes into consideration the many factors interacting in this energy provision process, based …

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Pure Polytetrafluoroethylene Near Glassy Transition Temperature For Different Molecular Weights, Rawan Al-Nsour

Theses and Dissertations

Fluoropolymers are employed in countless end-user applications across several industries. One such fluoropolymer is polytetrafluoroethylene. This research is concerned with studying and understanding the thermal behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene. Such understanding is critical to predict its behavior in diverse service environments as the polymer ages and for allowing bottom up design of improved polymers for specific applications.

While a plethora of experiments have investigated the thermal properties of polytetrafluoroethylene, examining these properties using molecular dynamics simulations remains in its infancy. In particular, the current body of molecular dynamics research on polytetrafluoroethylene has primarily focused on studying polytetrafluoroethylene phases, its physical nature, …

Controlled Release Kinetics In Hydroxy Double Salts: Effect Of Host Anion Structure, Stephen Majoni, Jeanne M. Hossenlopp

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Nanodimensional layered metal hydroxides such as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and hydroxy double salts (HDSs) can undergo anion exchange reactions releasing intercalated anions. Because of this, these metal hydroxides have found applications in controlled release delivery of bioactive species such as drugs and pesticides. In this work, isomers of hydroxycinnamate were used as model compounds to systematically explore the effects of anion structure on the rate and extent of anion release in HDSs. Following intercalation and subsequent release of the isomers, it has been demonstrated that the nature and position of substituent groups on intercalated anions have profound effects on …

First-Principles Investigations Of Iron-Based Alloys And Their Properties, Krista Renee Limmer

Doctoral Dissertations

"Fundamental understanding of the complex interactions governing structure-property relationships in iron-based alloys is necessary to advance ferrous metallurgy. Two key components of alloy design are carbide formation and stabilization and controlling the active deformation mechanism. Following a first-principles methodology, understanding on the electronic level of these components has been gained for predictive modeling of alloys.

Transition metal carbides have long played an important role in alloy design, though the complexity of their interactions with the ferrous matrix is not well understood. Bulk, surface, and interface properties of vanadium carbide, VC_x, were calculated to provide insight for the carbide …

Lack Of Equivalence In The Elemental And Stable Isotope Chemistry Within The Sagittal Otolith Pair Of The Summer Flounder, Paralichthys Dentatus, Antranik Kajajian, Jason J. Schaffler, Cynthia M. Jones

OES Faculty Publications

In fish that are not bilaterally symmetrical, the left and right sagittae are often not symmetrical, exhibiting divergent growth patterns and mass, and may have differences in chemical composition. We investigated this in the asymmetrical summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus, collected from different nursery habitats along the US east coast. Significant differences were detected in otolith mass, δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O, Li:Ca, Mg:Ca, and Sr:Ca, and overall chemical signatures. These results refute the hypothesis of left-right equivalence that is prevalent for bilaterally symmetrical fishes. We tested whether a specific side was better suited for classification. The best models …

The Impact Of Multiple Nursery Areas On The Population Structure Of Atlantic Menhaden, Brevooria Tyrannus, Kristen A. Anstead

OES Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the population structure and patterns of connectivity in marine fishes is essential when making predictions about a species' resiliency and persistence in an increasingly changing environment. The Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus is a clupeid that plays a critical role in the marine food web and supports one of the largest fisheries on the US East Coast. In addition to a decrease in overall numbers and spawning stock biomass, recruitment levels have remained low since the 1990s. Menhaden use numerous estuaries along the Atlantic coast for juvenile development before recruiting to the adult population and the contribution of each of …

Impact Of Organic Coatings On Frictional Strength Of Organically Modified Clay, B. Bate, Q. Zhao, S. E. Burns

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Organic matter is frequently encountered in both naturally occurring and engineered particulate media. Charged functional groups in the organic matter can lead to cation exchange within the clay interlayer, which results in the formation of an organic coating on the clay surfaces and alters the interfacial frictional regime in the soil mass. This study investigated the triaxial shear frictional behavior of montmorillonite particles coated with a controlled organic phase composed of quaternary ammonium cations. Through cation exchange, organic cations were loaded onto the clay's interlayer exchange sites, with control on the density of organic coverage and structure of the organic …

Mole Street Journal, November 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Fate Of Nitrogen During Submarine Groundwater Discharge Into Long Island North Shore Embayments, Caitlin Young

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Long Island Sound experiences periods of hypoxia attributed to eutrophication, but the magnitude of nitrogen contributed to surface water via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) entering Long Island's north shore embayments is not well characterized. The coastal aquifer, where fresh groundwater mixes with saline coastal water is termed the subterranean estuary (STE). Advective flow combined with sharp salinity and dissolved oxygen gradients make the STE a zone of intense geochemical cycling. However, the fate of nitrogen during transit through Long island embayment STEs is not well understood, particularly how sediment heterogeneity influences nitrogen attenuation in discharge zones. Nitrate attenuation mechanisms, principally …

Mole Street Journal, October 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Reactive Pathways In The Chlorobenzene–Ammonia Dimer Cation Radical: New Insights From Experiment And Theory, Scott A. Reid

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Building upon our recent studies of noncovalent interactions in chlorobenzene and bromobenzene clusters, in this work we focus on interactions of chlorobenzene (PhCl) with a prototypical N atom donor, ammonia (NH₃). Thus, we have obtained electronic spectra of PhCl···(NH₃)_n (n = 1–3) complexes in the region of the PhCl monomer S₀ −S₁ (ππ*) transition using resonant 2-photon ionization (R2PI) methods combined with time-of-flight mass analysis. Consistent with previous studies, we find that upon ionization the PhCl···NH₃ dimer cation radical reacts primarily via Cl atom loss. A second channel, HCl loss, is …

Book Review: Hidden Lives: The Archaeology Of Slave Life At Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest, By Barbara J. Heath, Larry Mckee

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Book Review: Hidden Lives: The Archaeology of Slave Life at Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest, by Barbara J. Heath, 1999, University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville. 81 pages, illus., $12.50 (paper).

Mole Street Journal, September 2013, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Dept. Of Chemistry And Biochemistry

Mole Street Journal

No abstract provided.

Allied Health Students’ Perceptions Of Class Difficulty: The Case Of Undergraduate Human Anatomy And Physiology Classes, Diana Sturges, Trent Mauner

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The Human Anatomy and Physiology (HAP) course is required of all allied health majors. Students need to earn a grade of “C” or better, and many students find this class academically challenging. This study investigated allied health students’ perceptions of what makes the undergraduate class difficult. Methods: A 28-question survey targeted 403 students enrolled in three HAP sections taught by the same instructor. Results: Students returned 279 surveys (68% return rate). Qualitative and quantitative data supported a three factor model in making this class difficult: discipline, student, and teaching related factors. Students consider that discipline factors are more important …

Distributed Scaffolding: Wiki Collaboration Among Latino High School Chemistry Students, Edwin Duncan O'Sullivan

Dissertations (1934 -)

The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate if wiki collaboration among Latino high school chemistry students can help reduce the science achievement gap between Latino and White students. The study was a quasi-experimental pre/post control group mixed-methods design. It used three intact sections of a high school chemistry course. The first research question asked if there is a difference in academic achievement between a treatment and control group on selected concepts from the topics of bonding, physical changes, and chemical changes, when Latino high school chemistry students collaborate on a quasi-natural wiki project. Overall results for all three …