Digital Commons Network^™

Maternal Occupation And Pediatric Brain Cancer In Kentucky, Mary Begley

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Pediatric brain cancer is a rare and potentially deadly diagnosis that affects children in Kentucky at a higher incidence than those nationally. Limited exposures in children early in life to warrant the development and progression of brain cancer point to the role parental exposures experienced in the period prior to conception and throughout pregnancy may play in its development. Many of these exposures may be experienced through occupation. Data on a subset of pediatric brain cancer cases in Kentucky was compared to all cases diagnosed in the state from 1995 to 2019. Survey data of the study sample was collected …

Effect Of Initial Infestation Of Zebra Mussels On Freshwater Drum Diets In Red Lake, Mn, Marissa M. Pribyl

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha veligers were first found in the Red Lake system in Beltrami County in 2017, however no adult zebra mussels have been documented. When zebra mussels first invade a system, fish often switch their prey use to this new abundant resource. Freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens is one of these fish species known to consume physidae and bivalves, including zebra mussels, using pharyngeal teeth, the molar-like grinders in the back of their throats. This research aims to identify any presence of adult zebra mussels in the system and determine freshwater drum diet composition and feeding patterns by analyzing …

Noteworthy Parasites (Trematoda, Cestoda, Phthiraptera) Of Three Birds (Aves: Passeriformes; Pelecaniformes; Piciformes) From Arkansas, C.T. Mcallister, H.W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Between November 2020 and March 2021, three species of birds, one each of a tufted titmouse (Baeolophus bicolor), pileated woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus), and great blue heron (Ardea herodias) were salvaged from Lawrence and Polk counties, Arkansas, and examined for parasites. Found were four taxa of parasites, including a dicrocoeliid trematode, a cyclophyllidean cestode, and species of philopterid and menoponid lice. We document new host and distributional records for these parasites from select birds of the state.

Spermiogenesis In The Western Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S.E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I investigated spermiogenesis in the Western Siren, Siren nettingi (formerly Western Lesser Siren, Siren intermedia nettingi) from salamanders collected periodically over a span of 21 yr (1994–2015) in northeastern Arkansas. My primary objective in this study is to present histologically and ultrastructurally, for the first time, the novel sequence of spermatological events of the spermiogenic process in this species. I describe the transformational stages from secondary spermatocytes to mature biflagellated spermatozoa, all of which occur within the lumen of testicular lobules. These new-to-science processes begin with nuclear displacement and expansion within spermatids, which occur after their detachment from Sertoli cells …

Histomorphology Of The Distal Urogenital Ducts In The Male Northern Crawfish Frog, Rana Areolata Circulosa (Anura: Ranidae), S.E. Trauth, R.G. Neal

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We examined the microanatomy of the distal urogenital ducts in the male Northern Crawfish Frog (Rana areolata circulosa) from a small sample (n = 5) collected in February and March from central Arkansas over a 5-year period (2017–2022). Specifically, we sought information on the following structures: (1) the paired Wolffian (urogenital) ducts caudally from the kidneys to their merging with the urodeum of the cloaca, (2) the paired seminal vesicles (sperm storage structures), and (3) the paired Müllerian ducts and glands. This study provides new information on these urogenital ducts and promotes a clearer understanding of this anatomical region for …

Keynote Address And Meeting Program, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Instructions To Authors, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Analysis And Observation Of Decomposition Of Immature Pigs In The Minnesota Winter/Early Spring, Rachael Herbes

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study analyzes the multiple factors affecting the decomposition of pigs in the Minnesota Winter/Early Spring within the first twelve weeks postmortem. The winters in the Minnesota River Valley can vary in regard to weather patterns and temperature changes. Adding the variable of location and accessibility to the study creates a mix of important research conducted in a less populated area. Pig carcasses were used in lieu of human remains to allow the data to be as close to a real scenario as possible. One pig was placed next to a farm site and the other about a half of …

Does Wing Use And Disuse Cause Behavioural And Musculoskeletal Changes In Domestic Fowl (Gallus Gallus Domesticus)?, Renée C. Garant, Bret W. Tobalske, Neila Ben Sassi, Nienke Van Staaveren, Dan Tulpan, Tina Widowski, Donald R. Powers, Alexandra Harlander-Matauschek

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

Domestic chickens may live in environments which restrict wing muscle usage. Notably, reduced wing activity and accompanying muscle weakness are hypothesized risk factors for keel bone fractures and deviations. We used radio-frequency identification (RFID) to measure duration spent at elevated resources (feeders, nest-boxes), ultrasonography to measure muscle thickness (breast and lower leg) changes, radiography and palpation to determine fractures and deviations, respectively, following no, partial (one-sided wing sling) and full (cage) immobilization in white- and brown-feathered birds. We hypothesized partially immobilized hens would reduce elevated resource usage and that both immobilization groups would show decreased pectoralis thickness (disuse) and increased …

Free-Living Allen’S Hummingbirds (Selasphorus Sasin) Rarely Use Torpor While Nesting, Erich R. Eberts, Glenn J. Tattersall, Peter J. Auger, Maria Curley, Melissa I. Morado, Eric G. Strauss, Donald R. Powers, Noemi C. Soveral, Bret W. Tobalske, Anusha Shankar

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

For reproducing animals, maintaining energy balance despite thermoregulatory challenges is important for surviving and successfully raising offspring. This is especially apparent in small endotherms that exhibit high mass-specific metabolic rates and live in unpredictable environments. Many of these animals use torpor, substantially reducing their metabolic rate and often body temperature to cope with high energetic demands during non-foraging periods. In birds, when the incubating parent uses torpor, the lowered temperatures that thermally sensitive offspring experience could delay development or increase mortality risk. We used thermal imaging to noninvasively explore how nesting female hummingbirds sustain their own energy balance while effectively …

Does Wing Use And Disusecause Behavioural Andmusculoskeletal Changes Indomestic Fowl (Gallus Gallusdomesticus)?, Renee Garant, Bret Tobalske, Neila Ben Sassi, Nienke Van Staavern, Dan Tulpan, Tina Widowski, Don Powers, Alexandra Harlander-Matauschek

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

Domestic chickens may live in environments which restrict wing muscle usage. Notably, reduced wing activity and accompanying muscle weakness are hypothesized risk factors for keel bone fractures and deviations. We used radio-frequency identification (RFID) to measure duration spent at elevated resources (feeders, nest-boxes), ultrasonography to measure muscle thickness (breast and lower leg) changes, radiography and palpation to determine fractures and deviations, respectively, following no, partial (one-sided wing sling) and full (cage) immobilization in white- and brown-feathered birds. We hypothesized partially immobilized hens would reduce elevated resource usage and that both immobilization groups would show decreased pectoralis thickness (disuse) and increased …

A Rigid Body Framework For Modeling And Simulation Of Formation Of Autonomous Agents, Suguru Sato

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Formation motion, wherein multiple agents operate within close proximity while maintaining precise relative positions and coordinated movements has a significant impact in the realm of Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS). Formation establishment, and station-keeping have been critical research areas as several missions can be conceived, and accomplished by groups of “simple” autonomous agents. Advances in this research have led to multiple advantages in areas such as reconnaissance, aerospace exploration, map building, search and rescue, etc. particularly, if the formation motion is inspired by nature and natural phenomena such as flock of birds, school of fish, hydrodynamics (smooth streamlines), magnetic fields, and …

Jurisprudence And Animal Protection, Carlos Montemayor

Animal Sentience

Jurisprudence is based on normative principles that go beyond instrumental reasoning and practical goals concerning what is convenient. It concerns justice and truth. The empirical evidence justifies the legal protection of various species on legal grounds. Given the risks we face regarding climate degradation, international legal agencies must expand the framework of human rights and environmental law in order to effectively protect animals and their environments.

Taste, Lust, And The Male Body: Sexual Representations In Early Sixteenth-Century Northern Europe, Alison Stewart

School of Art, Art History, and Design: Faculty Publications and Creative Activity

During the second quarter of the sixteenth century, Sebald Beham (1500‒1550) engraved a number of small prints with biblically related titles, Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife and Death and the Lascivious Couple. These prints, tiny enough to be held in the palm of one’s hand, show the male sexually aroused. First printed in Nuremberg and later in his new home of Frankfurt am Main, these sexual or erotic prints were popular enough to be copied by contemporaries and by Beham himself. This essay argues that Beham’s prints and their copies are part of a broader interest and taste for erotic imagery …

Potential Neuroprotective Effect Of Artemisinin In A Rotenone-Induced Mice Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Nada M. Hamada, Hanan Eissa, Nirmeen Megahed, Mohamed H. Daba, Ahlam Elmasry

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor dysfunctions including tremors, rigidity and bradykinesia. Medications for PD alleviate motor symptoms rather than targeting disease pathogenesis. Recently discovered features of artemisinin suggested that it might be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: to explore the possible neuroprotective effect of artemisinin in different doses in a rotenone-induced model of PD. Materials & methods: Twenty-five mice were randomly divided into five groups: group 1; negative-control, group 2; positive-control, and groups 3&4&5: artemisinin-treated (30, 40 and 50 mg/kg) respectively. For PD induction, rotenone (3mg/Kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally for 42 days (6 weeks). Behavioral assessment …

Removal Of Amoxicillin Via Chromatographic Monolithic Columns: Comparison Between Batch And Continuous Fixed Bed, Mustafa Deni̇z Ağlamaz, Koray Şarkaya, Deni̇z Türkmen, Mustafa Uçar, Adi̇l Deni̇zli̇

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This study presented a hydrophobic interaction-based poly(HEMA-MATrp) monolithic chromatographic column (MCC) to remove amoxicillin from aqueous solutions. In addition to their porous structure, monolithic-filled columns offer superior properties without loss of performance, which is one of the points that make them unique. The specific surface area of the monolithic column synthesized by the bulk polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and N-Methacryloyl-L-tryptophan. Also, poly(HEMAMATrp) MCC has been characterized via FTIR, SEM, and elemental analysis. According to BET analysis, the specific surface area of the poly(HEMA-MATrp) monolithic chromatographic column (MCC) is 14.2 mg/g. The adsorption and desorption of amoxicillin in an aqueous solution …

Carbon Quantum Dots And Chitosan-Based Heterogeneous Silver Catalyst For Reduction Of Nitroaromatic Compounds, Farah Sami̇r Sali̇m, İdri̇s Sargin, Gülşi̇n Arslan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Chitosan plays a crucial role in catalysis, environmental remediation, and sustainable chemistry as a renewable and cationic polysaccharide. Chitosan-based metal catalysts are used in a broad range of chemical transformations. In the study, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were derived from Momordica charantia fruits by microwave irradiation following a green chemistry approach. Three catalysts were designed: Ag(0)-chitosan, Ag(0)-chitosan-M. charantia fruit powder, and Ag(0)-chitosan-CQDs. The catalyst supports were prepared by stabilizing CQDs or M. charantia powder within the polymeric matrix of chitosan beads. Metallic silver particles were anchored onto glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads from the aqueous solution of silver nitrate. The …

Design, Synthesis, And Enzyme Inhibition Evaluation Of Some Novel Mono- And Di-O-Ss-D-Glycopyranosyl Chalcone Analogues With Molecular Docking Studies, Gonca Çeli̇k, Gi̇zem Tatar Yilmaz, Hüseyi̇n Şahi̇n, Burak Barut, Nuretti̇n Yayli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, some novel mono- and di-O-β-D-glycopyranosyl chalcone analogs were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The chalcone derivatives were synthesized with good yields by base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt condensation in EtOH solution. Then these chalcones were reacted with TAGBr (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-μ-D-glucopyranosylbromide) in dry acetone under the anhydrous condition at 0-5 °C. Deacylated was carried out by the Zemplen's method with NaOCH3 in dry methanol results in substituted chalcone-O-glycosides (mono- and di-O-β-D-glycopyranosyl chalcone analogs). The chemical structures of all synthesized compounds were elucidated based on IR, NMR spectral data, and mass spectrometry. Further, the compounds (7a-c, 8a-c, 12a-c, 16a-c, and 17a-c) …

In Vitro Tyrosinase Inhibitory, Dna Interaction Studies, And Lc?Hrms Analysis Of Ficus Carica Leaves, Güli̇n Renda, Burak Barut, Rümeysa Ceren, Enes Aydin

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Turkey is the world?s leading producer of figs, a typical Mediterranean fruit. The fig, Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), has been widely cultivated since ancient times due to the nutritional value of its fruits. It was aimed to investigate the phytochemical characterization and biological properties of F. carica leaf extracts in order to determine their potential for use in the treatment of various diseases. F. carica leaves were extracted in 70% methanol at 40 °C under reflux. To obtain extracts of different polarities, the crude extract was fractionated with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and n-butanol. Phenolic content was determined using liquid chromatography?high resolution …

Investigation Of Boron Adsorption By Graphene Oxide: Equilibrium, Kinetic, And Thermodynamic Studies, Mehmet Fati̇h Önen, Nalan Erdöl Aydin, Osman Eksi̇k, Peli̇n Demi̇rci̇vi̇, Gülhayat Saygili

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Graphene oxide, which has a great application in industry, is one of the promising carbonous materials. Modified Hummers method was applied to synthesize graphene oxide. Characterization techniques showed that pure graphene oxide was successfully obtained. Its adsorptive properties were investigated by boron adsorption. The results were demonstrated that boron adsorption on graphene oxide was a pH-dependent process and maximum adsorption was achieved at pH 6 (0.98 mg g?1). Langmuir adsorption capacity was calculated as 3.92 mg g?1 with R2 = 0.99. The kinetic data brought to light that pseudosecond-order kinetic model was well described the experimental data (R2 = 0.99), …

Akkermansia Muciniphila And Its Membrane Protein Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammatory Stress And Promotes Epithelial Wound Healing Via Crebh And Mir‑143/145, Henry Wade, Kaichao Pan, Qihua Duan, Szczepan Kaluzny, Ekta Pandey, Linda Fatumoju, Viswanathan Saraswathi, Rongxue Wu, Edward N. Harris, Qiaozhu Su

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Background The intestinal epithelial barrier is the interface for interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolic systems. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a key player in the colonic microbiota that resides in the mucus layer, whose abundance is selectively decreased in the faecal microbiota of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. This study aims to investigate the regulatory mechanism among A. muciniphila, a transcription factor cAMPresponsive element-binding protein H (CREBH), and microRNA-143/145 (miR-143/145) in intestinal inflammatory stress, gut barrier integrity and epithelial regeneration.

Methods A novel mouse model with increased colonization of A muciniphila in the intestine of CREBH knockout …

Judging China: The Chinese Legal System In U.S. Courts, Donald C. Clarke

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

How should American courts understand China’s legal system? How do they understand it, and are they doing a good job? These questions have become important as economic and social ties between China and the United States have mushroomed since China’s days of Maoist isolation. The answers have implications not just for China-related cases, but for the way U.S. courts treat authoritarian and illiberal legal systems more generally.

This Article presents the first attempt to answer these questions empirically through an intensive study of all cases in which parties either sought dismissal to China on forum non conveniens grounds or sought …

The Digital Services Act And The Brussels Effect On Platform Content Moderation, Dawn C. Nunziato

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The EU’s latest regulation of social media platforms – the recently enacted Digital Services Act – will create tensions and conflicts with the US speech regime applicable to social media platforms. The DSA, like the precursor regulations of social media platforms by the EU, will further instantiate the Brussels Effect, whereby EU regulators wield powerful influence on how social media platforms moderate content on the global scale. This is because the DSA’s regulatory regime (with its huge penalties for noncompliance) will incentivize the platforms to skew their global content moderation policies toward the EU’s instead of the United States’s balance …

How Did Qing Magistrates Decide Cases? Philip Huang Vs. Shiga Shūzō, Donald C. Clarke

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Shiga Shūzō argued in 1981 that in cases where serious criminal punishment was not contemplated, Qing magistrates adjudicated not according to the Qing code or other legal sources, but instead according to their own sense of what was right and appropriate. Against this, Philip Huang argued in 1996 that the vast majority of cases were adjudicated unequivocally according to the Qing code. But Huang fails to disprove Shiga’s claim. First, by his own admission, he is constructing through his own inferences the rules of the Qing code that he says the magistrates were applying; they do not in fact appear …

The Basketball Court, David Fontana, David Schleicher

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Public law scholars often consider how to separate power among and within governmental entities in order to encourage that power to be used effectively. However, public law scholars only rarely bring the insights they have developed about the separation of powers to bear on questions of how to design private business firms. But these firms often need their own private separation of powers to diffuse power among their officials and ensure compliance with foundational firm objectives.

This Article considers an emerging form of the private separation of powers: a private supreme court-like institution internal to a single firm. The consistent …

Fool Me Once, Shame On You: Promoting Corporate Accountability For The Human Rights Impacts Of Climate Washing, Randall S. Abate

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Effective climate change governance faces two overarching challenges. The first is mobilizing the political will to regulate climate change with sufficient ambition. Second, when regulatory measures are in place to address climate change, the next challenge is ensuring that governmental and private sector entities are on track to comply with these time-sensitive climate governance commitments. This article addresses the second challenge. It reviews “climate washing” litigation that seeks to hold fossil fuel companies and other private sector entities accountable for misleading the public about their compliance with climate change mandates or goals. The article argues that climate washing tactics threaten …

The Prediction Society: Algorithms And The Problems Of Forecasting The Future, Hideyuki Matsumi, Daniel J. Solove

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Predictions about the future have been made since the earliest days of humankind, but today, we are living in a brave new world of prediction. Today’s predictions are produced by machine learning algorithms that analyze massive quantities of personal data. Increasingly, important decisions about people are being made based on these predictions.

Algorithmic predictions are a type of inference. Many laws struggle to account for inferences, and even when they do, the laws lump all inferences together. But as we argue in this Article, predictions are different from other inferences. Predictions raise several unique problems that current law is ill-suited …

The Carceral Home, Kate Weisburd

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In virtually all areas of law, the home is the ultimate constitutionally protected area, at least in theory. In practice, a range of modern institutions that target private life—from public housing to child welfare—have turned the home into a routinely surveilled space. Indeed, for the 4.5 million people on criminal court supervision, their home is their prison, or what I call a “carceral home.” Often in the name of decarceration, prison walls are replaced with restrictive rules that govern every aspect of private life and invasive surveillance technology that continuously records intimate information. While prisons have always been treated in …

Philoponus And Forms, Owen Goldin

Philosophy Faculty Research and Publications

This chapter examines Philoponus’ stance in regard to positing Platonic forms. He rejects separately existing universals. But Philoponus never decisively rejects Platonic forms, as understood in as logoi in the mind of God, identified with the Platonic Demiurge. So understood, these forms are particulars that are such as can cause a multiplicity of particulars to exist. He attributes such causal principles to Aristotle, and to Plato as interpreted by Aristotle, without correction. He does however take issue with Forms subsisting prior to the demiurgic intellect, and accordingly follows his teacher Ammonius in rejecting the Proclean interpretation of Plato’s metaphysics. In …

Red Wolf Multispecies Justice Publication 2023, Eskar, Elizabeth Bennett, Finley Schad, Alex Baldwin, Oluwaseyifunmi Adejugbe, Mufti Nadimul Quamar Ahmed, Maisie Schad, Sadie Braddock, Azra Soyer, Melih Soyer, Anne-Laure Blanche, Zubair Barkat, Amol K, Sarah Ann Woodbury, Kirsten Vinyeta

Publications

Our understanding of multispecies justice is still solidifying. In spring 2023, a group of Utah State University undergraduate and graduate students attended a course by Dr.Kirsten Vinyeta on Multispecies Justice and Indigenous Approaches to the Environment. Throughout this course, we studied the works of scholars and writers from a variety of social locations and identities who challenge Western theoretical frameworks in social science.

This publication celebrates our intellectual struggle with this emerging field and opens a forum for conversations about justice for humans and additional species. This issue features various writings, reflections, and photos from students taking the Multispecies Justice …