Digital Commons Network^™

New Insights Into The Nutritional Value Of Grass, D. H. Rearte

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Key points

1. The rumen environment in cattle grazing high quality forage is different to that reported for cattle fed indoors with diets based on processed feedstuffs.
2. Temperate pasture is an excellent source of nutrients for ruminants but a high energy:protein imbalance can occur when it is offered at the stage of optimal digestion.
3. Beef and milk produced on grass in temperate regions have a composition with nutritional advantages over beef or milk produced in indoor systems based on concentrate.
4. Increasing water soluble carbohydrate content of grasses would diminish environmental contamination by reducing the excretion of urea through the urine.
5. Increasing …

Plant And Sward Characteristics To Achieve High Intake In Ruminants, W. J. Wales, C. R. Stockdale, P. T. Doyle

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Key points

1. Intake is affected by complex interactions between signals from the digestive tract, intermediary metabolism and energy supply, and behavioural signals associated with learned behaviours or sensory signals.
2. The ideal sward needs to have characteristics that are similar to total mixed rations to achieve high intake and animal performance.
3. Genetic manipulation of plants may offer an accelerated rate of plant improvement, but benefits need to be demonstrated in a systems context.

Overview Of Animal Production From Pastures In Ireland, M. J. Drennan, A. F. Carson, S. Crosse

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Key points

The importance of grassland to agriculture in Ireland is indicated by the fact that:

1. Sixty percent of agricultural output is from grassland as cattle, milk and sheep products.
2. Over 90% of the total farmed area is in grass.
3. Livestock are almost entirely dependent on grazed grass for 200 to 235 days of the year.
4. Grass conserved as silage is the main source of fodder in winter.
5. To improve competitiveness changes are continuously taking place, which include:

• increased suckler herd size and a movement to late maturing continental cattle breeds;
• movement in the dairy herd towards Holstein with increased …

Factors Associated With Intensity Of Technology Adoption And With The Adoption Of 4 Clusters Of Precision Livestock Farming Technologies In Irish Pasture-Based Dairy Systems, P. Palma-Molina, T Hennessy, A. H. O'Connor, S. Onakuse, Niall O'Leary, B. Moran, L. Shalloo

Publications

Precision livestock farming (PLF) technologies have been widely promoted as important tools to improve the sustainability of dairy systems due to perceived economic, social, and environmental benefits. However, there is still limited information about the level of adoption of PLF technologies (percentage of farms with a PLF technology) and the factors (farm and farmer characteristics) associated with PLF technology adoption in pasture-based dairy systems. The current research aimed to address this knowledge gap by using a representative survey of Irish pasture-based dairy farms from 2018. First, we established the levels of adoption of 9 PLF technologies (individual cow activity sensors, …

The Rider (2023-02-13), Verilu Infante

The Rider Archives

Vol.8 No.19

Harnessing Transcriptionally Driven Chromosomal Instability Adaptation To Target Therapy-Refractory Lethal Prostate Cancer., Brittiny Dhital, Sandra Santasusagna, Perumalraja Kirthika, Michael Xu, Peiyao Li, Marc Carceles-Cordon, Rajesh K. Soni, Zhuoning Li, Ronald C. Hendrickson, Matthew J. Schiewer, William K. Kelly, Cora N. Sternberg, Jun Luo, Amaia Lujambio, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Monica Alvarez-Fernandez, Marcos Malumbres, Haojie Huang, Adam Ertel, Josep Domingo-Domenech, Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo

Kimmel Cancer Center Papers, Presentations, and Grand Rounds

Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) inevitably acquires resistance to standard therapy preceding lethality. Here, we unveil a chromosomal instability (CIN) tolerance mechanism as a therapeutic vulnerability of therapy-refractory lethal PCa. Through genomic and transcriptomic analysis of patient datasets, we find that castration and chemotherapy-resistant tumors display the highest CIN and mitotic kinase levels. Functional genomics screening coupled with quantitative phosphoproteomics identify MASTL kinase as a survival vulnerability specific of chemotherapy-resistant PCa cells. Mechanistically, MASTL upregulation is driven by transcriptional rewiring mechanisms involving the non-canonical transcription factors androgen receptor splice variant 7 and E2F7 in a circuitry that restrains deleterious CIN and …

Understanding Scoliosis: What Caregivers And Patients Need To Know, Megan Moore

Theses

Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the vertebral column that typically occurs in children approaching puberty. 80% of scoliosis cases are idiopathic (Scoliosis Research Society, 2022). The severity of a scoliosis curve is measured in degrees and is usually diagnosed when it is greater than 10 degrees. A severe curve exceeds 45 to 60 degrees and can require surgical treatment (Scoliosis Reduction Center, 2020). Severe scoliosis causes physical deformities, such as unaligned ribs, hips, and shoulders, but also may reduce the amount of space in the chest, affecting the function of the heart and lungs (Mayo Clinic, 2022). The purpose …

Protecting Natural Stewardship: Public Trusts, Wildlife Trusts, And The Effect Of Trophic Cascades, Nicholas Massey

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy Sidebar

The reintroduction of the Gray Wolf to the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem conferred extensive ecological benefits to the region. The wolves' return resulted in a phenomenon known as a "trophic cascade," in which the presence of apex predators atop a food pyramid effectuates a "waterfall" of ecosystem-wide benefits. For example, the Gray Wolf has curtailed bloated elk populations, which has in turn reduced the damage of elk herds overgrazing on willow, aspen, and cottonwood plants—critical sources of food for the region's beavers. Importantly, the wolves' benefits are not confined to flora and fauna. Scientists have even discovered geological and riparian benefits …

Q1synth: A Quantum Computer Musical Instrument, Eduardo Reck Miranda, Peter Thomas, Paulo Vitor Itaboraí

School of Art, Design and Architecture

This paper introduces Q1Synth, an unprecedented musical instrument that produces sounds from (a) quantum state vectors representing the properties of a qubit, and (b) its measurements. The instrument is presented on a computer screen (or mobile device, such as a tablet or smartphone) as a Bloch sphere, which is a visual representation of a qubit. The performer plays the instrument by rotating this sphere using a mouse. Alternatively, a gesture controller can be used, e.g., a VR glove. While the sphere is rotated, a continuously changing sound is produced. The instrument has a ‘measure key’. When the performer activates this …

Crow's Nest, February 13, 2023, Crow's Nest Staff

Crow's Nest

The February 13, 2023, issue of the Crow's Nest.

Digital Twins And Cultural Heritage Preservation: A Case Study Of Best Practices And Reproducibility In Chiesa Dei Ss Apostoli E Biagio, James Hutson, Joe Weber, Angela Russo

Faculty Scholarship

The use of digital twin technologies to preserve cultural heritage has become increasingly common over the past two decades. Evolving from the use of virtual environments (VE) and digital reconstructions that required multiple phases of workflow and multiple software applications and various hardware to output a useable experience to the immediacy of 3D artificial intelligence (AI) generative content and the latest generation of photogrammetric scanning, non-specialists are now able to more easily create digital twins. At the same time, the destruction of cultural heritage has accelerated due to geopolitical instability, seen in examples such as the invasion of Ukraine by …

Application Of Eugenol In Poultry To Control Salmonella Colonization And Spread, Mohammed Aljuwayd, Israa Abdullah Malli, Young Min Kwon

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The poultry sector is an essential component of agriculture that has experienced unprecedented growth during the last few decades. It is especially true for the United States, where the average intake of chicken meat increased from 10 pounds (4.5 kg) per person in 1940 to 65.2 pounds (29.6 kg) per person in 2018, while the country produced 113 billion eggs in 2019 alone. Besides providing nutrition and contributing significantly to the economy, chicken is also a natural reservoir of Salmonella, which is responsible for salmonellosis in humans, one of the significant foodborne illnesses around the globe. The increasing use of …

The Spirit Of Gun Laws, Noah Levine

Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy Sidebar

The firearms debate in the United States often pits public health against freedom. This false dichotomy implies that gun laws, even wise ones, inherently erode individual liberty. Indeed, this appeal to liberty finds fertile ground in the United States, where many Americans intuitively reject any incursion on their freedom. Yet this one-sided conception of liberty is, at best, incomplete: while the government can certainly encroach on our freedom, so too can our fellow citizens.

A historically grounded conception of liberty in the United States includes the sense of security that fosters self-expression without fear of arbitrary constraint. That is, when …

Amniotes Co-Opt Intrinsic Genetic Instability To Protect Germ-Line Genome Integrity, Yu H Sun, Xiaoyu Zhuo, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Unlike PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) in other species that mostly target transposable elements (TEs), >80% of piRNAs in adult mammalian testes lack obvious targets. However, mammalian piRNA sequences and piRNA-producing loci evolve more rapidly than the rest of the genome for unknown reasons. Here, through comparative studies of chickens, ducks, mice, and humans, as well as long-read nanopore sequencing on diverse chicken breeds, we find that piRNA loci across amniotes experience: (1) a high local mutation rate of structural variations (SVs, mutations ≥ 50 bp in size); (2) positive selection to suppress young and actively mobilizing TEs commencing at the pachytene …

Dysregulation Of Mir-155 Expression In Professional Mixed Martial Arts (Mma) Fighters, Dominick Cabrera, Kayla Thompson, Julius D. Thomas, Corey Peacock, Jose Antonio, Jaime Tartar, Aurelien Tartar

Biology Faculty Articles

Psychological and physical stress can induce dysregulation of gene expression via changes in DNA methylation and microRNA (miRNA) expression. Such epigenetic modifications are yet to be investigated in professional Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) fighters subject to highly stressful training involving repetitive head impacts. This study examined differences in DNA methylation and miRNA expression in elite MMA fighters compared to active controls. Global methylation differences between groups were assessed via a LINE-1 assay. At the same time, PCR arrays were used to estimate differential expression in samples of 21 fighters and 15 controls for 192 different miRNAs associated with inflammatory diseases. …

A Diagnostic Framework For Reengineering Soil: Potential Strategies To Manage Combinations Of Soil Constraints For Sands And Texture Contrast Soils, Gaus Azam, Stephen Davies

Natural resources published reports

This report is an output of project DAW1902-003RTX ‘Reengineering soils to improve the access of crop root systems to water and nutrients stored in the subsoil’, supported by a co-investment between the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) and the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC).

Key messages:

• Existing soil amelioration options can generate substantial yield responses. However, further yield gain is possible with further improvement in soil amelioration strategies.

• Mapping of soil constraints and potential yield gaps using the water use efficiency achieved from a pilot reengineering experiment has identified a significant yield gap attributed …

Effectiveness Of Virtual Reality For Anxiolysis In Pediatrics, Rebecca Dickinson Hackney

Group: Samford University Moffett & Sanders School of Nursing

In children ages, 5 to 14 years old, does the use of VR programs preoperatively effectively reduce preoperative anxiety and the incidence of emergence delirium compared to patients who receive oral midazolam?

Intersection Of Immune And Oncometabolic Pathways Drives Cancer Hyperprogression During Immunotherapy, Gaopeng Li, Jae Eun Choi, Ilona Kryczek, Yilun Sun, Peng Liao, Shasha Li, Shuang Wei, Sara Grove, Linda Vatan, Reagan Nelson, Grace Schaefer, Steven G Allen, Kamya Sankar, Leslie A Fecher, Mishal Mendiratta-Lala, Timothy L Frankel, Angel Qin, Jessica J Waninger, Alangoya Tezel, Ajjai Alva, Christopher D Lao, Nithya Ramnath, Marcin Cieslik, Paul W Harms, Michael D Green, Arul M Chinnaiyan, Weiping Zou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) can produce durable responses against cancer. We and others have found that a subset of patients experiences paradoxical rapid cancer progression during immunotherapy. It is poorly understood how tumors can accelerate their progression during ICB. In some preclinical models, ICB causes hyperprogressive disease (HPD). While immune exclusion drives resistance to ICB, counterintuitively, patients with HPD and complete response (CR) following ICB manifest comparable levels of tumor-infiltrating CD8

Intouch Week Of February 13, 2023, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Center for Disaster Medicine Presents Operational Medicine Course for Law Enforcement
• Film Screening and Discussion Helps Celebrate Black History Month
• Envisioning the Healthcare Landscape with ChatGPT
• Comorbidities and Hospital Length of Stay Key Mortality Predictors After Blunt Thoracic Trauma

Cd70 Is A Therapeutic Target Upregulated In Emt-Associated Egfr Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance, Monique B Nilsson, Yan Yang, Simon Heeke, Sonia A Patel, Alissa Poteete, Hibiki Udagawa, Yasir Y Elamin, Cesar A Moran, Yukie Kashima, Thiruvengadam Arumugam, Xiaoxing Yu, Xiaoyang Ren, Lixia Diao, Li Shen, Qi Wang, Minying Zhang, Jacqulyne P Robichaux, Chunhua Shi, Allyson N Pfeil, Hai Tran, Don L Gibbons, Jason Bock, Jing Wang, John D Minna, Susumu S Kobayashi, Xiuning Le, John V Heymach

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Effective therapeutic strategies are needed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations that acquire resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) mediated by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We investigate cell surface proteins that could be targeted by antibody-based or adoptive cell therapy approaches and identify CD70 as being highly upregulated in EMT-associated resistance. Moreover, CD70 upregulation is an early event in the evolution of resistance and occurs in drug-tolerant persister cells (DTPCs). CD70 promotes cell survival and invasiveness, and stimulation of CD70 triggers signal transduction pathways known to be re-activated with acquired TKI resistance. …

Early Antibiotics And Risk For Necrotizing Enterocolitis In Premature Infants: A Narrative Review., Alain Cuna, Michael J. Morowitz, Venkatesh Sampath

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

While prompt initiation of antibiotics at birth due to concerns for early onset sepsis is common, it often leads to many preterm infants being exposed to treatment despite negative blood cultures. Such exposure to early antibiotics can impact the developing gut microbiome putting infants at increased risk of several diseases. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a devastating inflammatory bowel disease that affects preterm infants, is among the most widely studied neonatal disease that has been linked to early antibiotics. While some studies have demonstrated an increased risk of NEC, other studies have demonstrated seemingly contrary findings of decreased NEC with early antibiotics. …

Cell-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles For Targeted Drug Delivery To The Brain For The Treatment Of Neurological Diseases, Jianzhuang Li, Yanhao Wei, Chunlin Zhang, Rentang Bi, Yanmei Qiu, Yanan Li, Bo Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neurological diseases (NDs) are a significant cause of disability and death in the global population. However, effective treatments still need to be improved for most NDs. In recent years, cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNPs) as drug-targeting delivery systems have become a research hotspot. Such a membrane-derived, nano drug-delivery system not only contributes to avoiding immune clearance but also endows nanoparticles (NPs) with various cellular and functional mimicries. This review article first provides an overview of the function and mechanism of single/hybrid cell-membrane-derived NPs. Then, we highlight the application and safety of CMCNPs in NDs. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in …

Generative Music With Partitioned Quantum Cellular Automata, Eduardo Reck Miranda, Hari Shaji

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Cellular automata (CA) are abstract computational models of dynamic systems that change some features with space and time. Music is the art of organising sounds in space and time, and it can be modelled as a dynamic system. Hence, CA are of interest to composers working with generative music. The art of generating music with CA hinges on the design of algorithms to evolve patterns of data and methods to render those patterns into musical forms. This paper introduces methods for creating original music using partitioned quantum cellular automata (PQCA). PQCA consist of an approach to implementing CA on quantum …

Lanthorn, Vol. 57, No. 22, February 13, 2023, Grand Valley State University

Volume 57, August 1, 2022 - April 10, 2023

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

Action Slips In Food Choices: A Measure Of Habits And Goal-Directed Control, Katie M.J. Wood, Tina Seabrooke, Chris J. Mitchell

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Visualization Of Preimplantation Uterine Fluid Absorption In Mice Using Alexa Fluor™ 488 Hydrazide†, Yuehuan Li, Taylor Elijah Martin, Jonathan Matthew Hancock, Rong Li, Suvitha Viswanathan, John P Lydon, Yi Zheng, Xiaoqin Ye

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Uterine fluid plays important roles in supporting early pregnancy events and its timely absorption is critical for embryo implantation. In mice, its volume is maximum on day 0.5 post-coitum (D0.5) and approaches minimum upon embryo attachment ~D4.0. Its secretion and absorption in ovariectomized rodents were shown to be promoted by estrogen and progesterone (P4), respectively. The temporal mechanisms in preimplantation uterine fluid absorption remain to be elucidated. We have established an approach using intraluminally injected Alexa Fluor™ 488 Hydrazide (AH) in preimplantation control (RhoAf/f) and P4-deficient RhoAf/fPgrCre/+ mice. In control mice, bulk entry (seen as smeared cellular staining) via uterine …

Preface, The Editors Wacana

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

No abstract provided.

Occupancy And Abundance Of A West African Mangabey Species (Cercocebus Atys Audebert, 1797) In Forest Patch Habitat, Kellie Laity, April Conway, Sonia M. Hernandez, John P. Carroll, Dessalegn Ejigu

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Sooty mangabeys are Old World primates from the Upper Guinea Rainforests of West Africa. They suffer from habitat degradation due to deforestation and hunting for the bush-meat trade. Tiwai Island and adjacent small islands are a small protected area surrounded by the Moa River that is known for its high diversity of primate species. We evaluated the occupancy and abundance of sooty mangabeys on Tiwai Island and the surrounding islands using camera traps during 2008–2011. Over two seasons, we obtained a naïve occupancy rate of 0.77 for Tiwai Island but only 0.19 for surrounding smaller islands. We used Abundance-Induced Heterogeneity …

The Use And Misuse Of Emotional Support Animals, Harold Herzog

Herzog - Companion Animal Issues

In the United States, trained service dogs are permitted in public places that do not allow pets. In contrast, emotional support animals are not trained and only have access to no-pet housing such as apartments, condos, and dorms. One in four emotional support animal owners obtained their ESA letters through internet sites rather than from personal health professionals.

Progress And Development Of Syngas Fermentation Processes Toward Commercial Bioethanol Production, Ademola Owoade, Ali Alshami, David Levin, Sagheer Onaizi, Zuhair O. Malaibari

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

Syngas is created through the thermochemical conversion of biomass using gasification or pyrolysis and from CO-rich off-gases obtained from industries such as steel mills. The Wood–Ljungdahl metabolic pathway, or one of its variations, is used by acetogenic bacteria to convert syngas components (CO, H₂, and CO₂) to alcohols and other compounds. Many factors affect how well syngas is fermented, including the bacteria species used, syngas composition, medium components, bioreactor type, operational parameters used and the gas–liquid mass transfer rate. These parameters impact carbon and electron flow in the bacteria, influencing the distribution, concentration and metabolic end-product …