Digital Commons Network^™

Ten Years After Imagenet: A 360° Perspective On Artificial Intelligence, Sanjay Chawla, Preslav Nakov, Ahmed Ali, Wendy Hall, Issa Khalil, Xiaosong Ma, Husrev Taha Sencar, Ingmar Weber, Michael Wooldridge, Ting Yu

Natural Language Processing Faculty Publications

It is 10 years since neural networks made their spectacular comeback. Prompted by this anniversary, we take a holistic perspective on artificial intelligence (AI). Supervised learning for cognitive tasks is effectively solved - provided we have enough high-quality labelled data. However, deep neural network models are not easily interpretable, and thus the debate between blackbox and whitebox modelling has come to the fore. The rise of attention networks, self-supervised learning, generative modelling and graph neural networks has widened the application space of AI. Deep learning has also propelled the return of reinforcement learning as a core building block of autonomous …

Taulkinham’S Guardian: The Character Of Enoch Emery In Flannery O’Connor’S Wise Blood, Michaela Reed

Graduate Research Showcase

Flannery O’Connor’s first novel Wise Blood follows the story of Hazel Motes as his journey in the hostile city of Taulkinham transforms him from a defiant defector of the divine to a stoic and resigned blind prophet. For many readers, Hazel’s evolution labels him as the sole owner of wise blood in the novel, a conclusion that fails to acknowledge Enoch Emery’s obedience to his own innate wisdom. Enoch’s bumbling behavior and animalistic drive cause many O’Connor writers and scholars, such as Patrick O’Donnell and Jason C. Lee, to interpret him as little more than a comic simpleton. However, careful …

Publishing For/As Creative Practice: A Novel Framework For Content And Form Relations, Mina Zarfsaz

College of Communication & Creative Arts Departmental Research

No abstract provided.

Inclusive Peer Learning Pedagogy With Augmented Reality– Ipear, Chryssa Themeli, Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland

Pedagogy and the Human Sciences

The paper aims to show a pedagogical design focusing on peer learning and augmented reality to improve students' engagement, motivation, and empowerment. During the pandemic, strong research evidence suggested that collaborative and inclusive approaches such as peer learning simultaneously enhance mental health, student satisfaction and learning outcomes. Augmented reality unveils the positive effects of visual learning, which could be used creatively to stimulate interest, creativity, and participation. Thus, the pedagogy is philosophically framed within social learning and self-efficacy theories. Inclusion is defined as the social value of sharing information, devices and ideas and as instructional design that respects the learners' …

Preliminary Analysis Of Landscape Associations For Virginia Opossum Roadkills, Lucy Beck

Graduate Research Showcase

Methods for mitigating wildlife-vehicle collisions are important for the health of local wildlife populations and for driver safety. A variety of spatial, temporal, and biological factors are known to influence these collisions, and the combination of these factors varies for any given road. Therefore, understanding the spatial distribution of roadkill on the local landscape scale is required for effective mitigation planning. Furthermore, the distribution of roadkill on a local scale aids in our understanding of species’ ranges and the environmental factors associated with habitat use. A total of 620 Virginia Opossums (Didelphis virginiana) roadkills were recorded during a 10-year period …

Emerging Vibrio Harveyi And Vibrio Campbellii Pathogens In Georgia Waters, Cameron Brown

Graduate Research Showcase

In the face of global warming and ocean acidification, waterborne pathogens are geographically expanding and rapidly evolving. The Vibrio genus contains a number of pathogens of humans and aquatic animals, many of which benefit from elevated temperatures and low pH conditions. Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio campbellii belong to the Harveyi clade and are barely distinguishable upon their genetic make-up. Natively found in warm waters of Asia and South America, these species are well-established pathogens that infect fish, shrimp, and mollusks. Due to climate change, the Southeastern United States is potentially becoming an accommodating environment for these pathogens, however this has …

Integrating And Optimizing Genomic, Weather, And Secondary Trait Data For Multiclass Classification, Vamsi Manthena, Diego Jarquín, Reka Howard

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

Modern plant breeding programs collect several data types such as weather, images, and secondary or associated traits besides the main trait (e.g., grain yield). Genomic data is high-dimensional and often over-crowds smaller data types when naively combined to explain the response variable. There is a need to develop methods able to effectively combine different data types of differing sizes to improve predictions. Additionally, in the face of changing climate conditions, there is a need to develop methods able to effectively combine weather information with genotype data to predict the performance of lines better. In this work, we develop a novel …

The Effect Of Callery Pear (Pyrus Calleryana) On Soil Macrofauna (Diplopoda And Oligochaeta), Joseph M. Mcgee, Bruce Snyder

Graduate Research Showcase

Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana) is a relatively recent invader of North America. Its ecological effects are still being explored, including those affecting soil macrofauna such as millipedes (Diplopoda) and earthworms (Clitellata: Oligochaeta). These animals play important roles in many soil processes so understanding how they respond to invasive species is vital to soil health. A previous study exploring potential herbicide control was completed in 2019, however as of 2022 there are still treatment zones with little to no Callery pear alongside fully invaded plots, providing an optimal habitat mosaic for comparison. This allowed us to pursue two research goals: To …

Effects Of Roadways On Seasonal Movement Strategies And Mate Location Success In An Imperiled Pit Viper (Crotalus Horridus), Elizabeth J. Noble

Graduate Research Showcase

Understanding animal movement behavior is fundamental to effective conservation and management. Within populations, various movement strategies can be displayed in search of critical resources, and these strategies are influenced by multiple factors related to individuals and the environment. Mating partners are one critical resource that affect movement during mating seasons. For many large-bodied snakes, male mate-searching movements are the primary determinant of mate location success, however, males incur significant risks associated with elevated movement. In an increasingly human-modified world, this often includes increased interactions with anthropogenic landscape features. A recent range-wide status assessment for Timber Rattlesnakes (Crotalus horridus) identified roadways …

Comparison Of Avian And Non-Avian Reptile Digestion On Small Mammal Remains And The Implications For Palaeoecological Interpretations., Todd B. Bennett*

Graduate Research Showcase

Small mammals are a uniquely important group in understanding paleoecology due to their restricted habitat and sensitivity to changing environments. The use of small mammal fossils has been widely documented in taphonomical and paleontological research, mainly in the form of owl pellet analysis. However, few studies have focused on other animal clades, though a small number have examined digestive damage due to mammals and reptiles. Research presented here examines digestive modification of small mammals caused by various species of snakes, a previously unresearched taxa, compared to previous work done on owl pellets. This study lays out a systematic approach for …

Mechanism Of Sphingolipid Homeostasis Revealed By Structural Analysis Of Arabidopsis Spt-Orm1 Complex, Peng Liu, Tian Xie, Xinyue Wu, Gongshe Han, Sita D. Gupta, Zike Zhang, Jian Yue, Feitong Dong, Kenneth Gable, Somashekarappa Niranjanakumari, Wanyuan Li, Lin Wang, Wenchen Liu, Ruifeng Yao, Edgar B. Cahoon, Teresa M. Dunn, Xin Gong

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

The serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis in all eukaryotes. ORM/ORMDL proteins are negative regulators of SPT that respond to cellular sphingolipid levels. However, the molecular basis underlying ORM/ORMDL-dependent homeostatic regulation of SPT is not well understood.We determined the cryo–electron microscopy structure of Arabidopsis SPT-ORM1 complex, composed of LCB1, LCB2a, SPTssa, and ORM1, in an inhibited state. A ceramide molecule is sandwiched between ORM1 and LCB2a in the cytosolic membrane leaflet. Ceramide binding is critical for the ORM1-dependent SPT repression, and dihydroceramides and phytoceramides differentially affect this repression. A hybrid β sheet, formed …

Hybrid Forecasting Of Geopolitical Events, Daniel M. Benjamin, Fred Morstatter, Ali E. Abbas, Andres Abeliuk, Pavel Atanasov, Stephen Bennett, Andreas Beger, Saurabh Birari, David V. Budescu, Michele Catasta, Emilio Ferrara, Lucas Haravitch, Mark Himmelstein, Ksm Tozammel Hossain, Yuzhong Huang, Woojeong Jin, Regina Joseph, Jure Leskovec, Akira Matsui, Amandeep Singh, Rok Sosic, Mark Steyvers, Pedro A. Szekely, Michael D. Ward, Aram Galstyan

HCBE Faculty Articles

Sound decision-making relies on accurate prediction for tangible outcomes ranging from military conflict to disease outbreaks. To improve crowdsourced forecasting accuracy, we developed SAGE, a hybrid forecasting system that combines human and machine generated forecasts. The system provides a platform where users can interact with machine models and thus anchor their judgments on an objective benchmark. The system also aggregates human and machine forecasts weighting both for propinquity and based on assessed skill while adjusting for overconfidence. We present results from the Hybrid Forecasting Competition (HFC)—larger than comparable forecasting tournaments—including 1085 users forecasting 398 real-world forecasting problems over 8 months. …

Music As An Instructional Modality To Increase Attending Behavior Of Elementary Students, Zachary Grossman

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Audio and audiovisual cues, when used as teaching tools, result in desirable learning outcomes for young learners when compared to visual cues alone (Havy et al., 2017; Kirkham et al., 2019; Sloutsky & Napolitano, 2003). Previous research has demonstrated that music can be an effective delivery method for teaching math in the elementary classrooms (An & Tillman, 2015; An et al., 2014; Azaryahu et al., 2020). However, the effectiveness of music at increasing attending behavior specifically has not been assessed in these studies. This study evaluated the effectiveness of music based instruction on students’ attending behaviors compared to non-music based …

Open Your Eyes: Teaching And Learning About Anti-Asian Racism And The Law In Canada, Angela Lee

Dalhousie Law Journal

Recently, policymakers, institutional actors, and the public have made greater efforts towards being attentive to issues relating to anti-racism and discrimination, as well as equity, diversity, and inclusion more broadly, prompted in part by growing calls for reconciliation with Indigenous peoples and the increasing visibility of the Black Lives Matter movement. Yet, there has been a relative dearth of attention paid to the specific ways in which anti-Asian racism manifests and is maintained, particularly in the Canadian context. More than just being a relic of the past, antiAsian racism is an ongoing phenomenon both within and beyond Canada’s borders, as …

Virtual And In Vitro Screening Of Natural Products Identifies Indole And Benzene Derivatives As Inhibitors Of Sars-Cov-2 Main Protease (MPro), Dony Ang, Riley Kendall, Hagop S. Atamian

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in serious health, social, and economic consequences. While the development of effective vaccines substantially reduced the severity of symptoms and the associated deaths, we still urgently need effective drugs to further reduce the number of casualties associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections. Machine learning methods both improved and sped up all the different stages of the drug discovery processes by performing complex analyses with enormous datasets. Natural products (NPs) have been used for treating diseases and infections for thousands of years and represent a valuable resource for drug discovery when combined with …

Reducing Deaths And Anxiety: Why Trees Should Be Cause Célèbre For Our Health And Well-Being, Philip Lymbery

WellBeing News

Preserving trees is increasingly recognized as hugely important for our future happiness and well-being. Concerned citizens can play a significant role in looking after our natural heritage trees by being their eyes and ears, looking out for their best interests and thereby creating conditions for a better future at both local and global levels.

Xylazine In The Opioid Epidemic: A Systematic Review Of Case Reports And Clinical Implications, Shahana Ayub, Shanli Parnia, Karuna Poddar, Anil K. Bachu, Amanda Sullivan, Ali M. Khan, Saeed Ahmed, Lakshit Jain

School of Medicine Publications

Introduction and objectives: The opioid overdose epidemic is exacerbated by the emergence of Xylazine as an illicit drug adulterant. Xylazine, a veterinary sedative, can potentiate opioid effects while also causing toxic and potentially fatal side effects. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of Xylazine use and overdoses within the opioid epidemic context.

Method: A systematic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant case reports, and case series related to Xylazine use. A comprehensive literature search included databases like Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, utilizing keywords and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms related to …

The Proper Role Of Judicial Opportunism In Constitutional Rights Scrutiny, R. George Wright

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

To one degree or another, judges in constitutional rights cases may exploit their available range of discretion in a narrowly political, ideologically rigid, or partisan way. But there are also important contexts in which a court’s ample discretion under tiered scrutiny and related tests can be turned toward some more nearly consensual or reasonably well-established basic public good. These opportunities to judicially promote the public good remain available even in our age of political polarization, hostility, fragmentation, and distrust.

Where such important opportunities exist, and where it is otherwise constitutionally permissible and generally prudent to do so, courts should feel …

Python Patrol: Combatting The Problem Of Evasive Non-Native Snakes In Florida, Jessica Rooke

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

The Florida hotspot of non-native invasive species has long been recognized as a fascinating, yet perplexing environmental issue since the late 1900s. After decades of patchwork efforts by the federal and state government, it has become clear that a more holistic approach must be taken to help eradicate the Burmese Pythons that have overtaken Southern Florida. This article highlights the prior efforts taken federally and state-wide to combat this issue and assesses the current gaps in these efforts and what must be done to achieve a more holistic approach. Other states are used as points of comparison in regard to …

The Influence Of Gmos On The Composition Of The Gut Microbiome, Shawnia Rakhshani, Hailey Wight

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Genetically modified organisms have been used for decades in agriculture across the world. The use of GMOs has been advertised as a solution to many agricultural issues. However, people have raised concerns about GMOs reshaping human health, and more importantly, the composition of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome has a vital role in human health through digestion, immune abilities, and protection against disease-causing bacteria. If any disturbances occur in the microbiome, it can have negative effects on an individual’s overall health and wellbeing. Our paper investigates the pros and cons of ingesting GMOs in relation to our human gut …

Developing Tools For Introducing Modifications Into The Chicken Genome, Zachary Eldon Olsen

Theses and Dissertations

The chicken is a classic model organism that has provided key insights into embryonic development. Chicken embryos can be directly manipulated and observed during development while retaining the potential to reach adulthood. Despite this benefit, the utility of the chicken in studying development has been limited by the difficulty of introducing genetic changes to the genome. The recent development of cell culture conditions for chicken primordial germ cells (cPGC) has made it feasible to produce transgenic chickens, but there is still a lack of tools for introducing genetic modifications into cPGCs. Recombinase Mediated Cassette Exchange (RMCE) is a technique that …

Mhealth Hyperspectral Learning For Instantaneous Spatiospectral Imaging Of Hemodynamics, Yuhyun Ji, Sang Mok Park, Semin Kwon, Jung Woo Leem, Vidhya Vijayakrishnan Nair, Yunjie Tong, Young L. Kim

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Hyperspectral imaging acquires data in both the spatial and frequency domains to offer abundant physical or biological information. However, conventional hyperspectral imaging has intrinsic limitations of bulky instruments, slow data acquisition rate, and spatiospectral trade-off. Here we introduce hyperspectral learning for snapshot hyperspectral imaging in which sampled hyperspectral data in a small subarea are incorporated into a learning algorithm to recover the hypercube. Hyperspectral learning exploits the idea that a photograph is more than merely a picture and contains detailed spectral information. A small sampling of hyperspectral data enables spectrally informed learning to recover a hypercube from a red–green–blue (RGB) …

Artificial Neural Network-Based Prediction Assessment Of Wire Electric Discharge Machining Parameters For Smart Manufacturing, Itagi Vijayakumar Manoj, Sannayellappa Narendranath, Peter Madindwa Mashinini, Hargovind Soni, Shanay Rab, Shadab Ahmad, Ahatsham Hayat

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, cybersecurity, the Industrial Internet of Things, and blockchain are some of the technologies and solutions that are combined to produce “smart manufacturing,” which is used to optimize manufacturing processes by creating and/or accepting data. In manufacturing, spark erosion technique such as wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) is a process that machines different hard-to-cut alloys. It is regarded as the solution for cutting intricate parts and materials that are resistant to conventional machining techniques or are required by design. In the present study, holes of different radii, i.e. 1, 3, and 5mm, have been cut on Nickelvac-HX. …

The Emergence Of A Virus Variant: Dynamics Of A Competition Model With Cross-Immunity Time-Delay Validated By Wastewater Surveillance Data For Covid-19, Bruce Pell, Samantha Brozak, Tin Phan, Fuqing Wu, Yang Kuang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We consider the dynamics of a virus spreading through a population that produces a mutant strain with the ability to infect individuals that were infected with the established strain. Temporary cross-immunity is included using a time delay, but is found to be a harmless delay. We provide some sufficient conditions that guarantee local and global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the two boundary equilibria when the two strains outcompete one another. It is shown that, due to the immune evasion of the emerging strain, the reproduction number of the emerging strain must be significantly lower than that of …

One Health: A Public Health Solution Or Slogan?, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

One Medicine has now morphed into One Health, but the concept has yet to be wholeheartedly embraced by the medical profession. In 2008, a Commentary in the American Journal of Medicine noted that medical schools, unlike veterinary schools, typically do not emphasize the ecology of zoonotic pathogens despite the estimated 60% of human diseases (and 75% of emerging diseases) originating in animals. The situation may be changing.

How Some Arboreal Salamanders (Genus Aneides) Jump, Glide, And Generate Lift, Christian E. Brown

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The jumping and subsequent aerial behaviors of arboreal lungless salamanders (genus Aneides) had never been investigated or described. The aims of this research were to (1) compare jumping performance within the family Plethodontidae with a special focus on arboreal species from genus Aneides, (2) describe the biomechanics and kinematics of aerial behaviors after a jump or extended fall, and (3) model airflow over the morphology of the most aerially adept salamanders to investigate if they are capable of generating lift. First, I recorded salamanders jumping, locomoting vertically, dropping, and flying in a vertical wind tunnel. Then, I laser-scanned and reconstructed …

Organizations Ensuring Resilience: A Case Study Of Cortez, Florida, Karla Ariel Maddox

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

“Resilience” has often been defined by examining case studies in resilience failures. In contrast, this case study utilizes the oldest, still functional fishing village in Cortez, Florida to rhetorically analyze how organizational communicative practices have worked to ensure its resilience. Situating this conversation within Rhetoric proves valuable since so many attempts to define and utilize “resilience” seek to capitalize on its positive connotation but distort resilience definitions and practice. This dissertation explores three research questions: 1. “What systems and/or structures made our continued existence possible and what ideologies or goals drove their creation?” 2. “What ideologies, perceptions, and/or goals inspired …

Evaluation Factors Of Solar Power Plants To Reduce Cost Under Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model, Mohamed Abouhawwash, Mohammed Jameel

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

Solar power facilities must be efficient, reliable, and sustainable to meet energy demands. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of criteria for evaluating solar power installations, focusing on factors impacting performance, economic viability, and environmental sustainability. Drawing from extensive literature, industry practices, and case studies, we identify key considerations such as technological feasibility, economic viability, environmental impact, legal frameworks, and social acceptance. To address the complexity and uncertainty associated with these criteria, we employ a multi-criteria decision-making approach. Specifically, the CRiteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation (CRITIC) method is utilized to determine the weights of criteria, while the neutrosophic set theory …

The Bg News March 29, 2023, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. March 29, 2023. Volume 102-Issue 23.

Ultralow-Dose Binary Oncolytic/Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Promotes Antitumor Activity In Preclinical And Clinical Studies, Daniel Wang, Caroline E Porter, Bora Lim, Amanda Rosewell Shaw, Catherine S Robertson, Mae L Woods, Ya Xu, Greyson G W Biegert, Daisuke Morita, Tao Wang, Bambi J Grilley, Helen Heslop, Malcolm K Brenner, Masataka Suzuki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

We show that a binary oncolytic/helper-dependent adenovirus (CAdVEC) that both lyses tumor cells and locally expresses the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12 and PD-L1 blocking antibody has potent antitumor activity in humanized mouse models. On the basis of these preclinical studies, we treated four patients with a single intratumoral injection of an ultralow dose of CAdVEC (NCT03740256), representing a dose of oncolytic adenovirus more than 100-fold lower than used in previous trials. While CAdVEC caused no significant toxicities, it repolarized the tumor microenvironment with increased infiltration of CD8 T cells. A single administration of CAdVEC was associated with both locoregional and abscopal …