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Modelling The Ecosystem Behavior Of Abu-Ziriq Marsh In South Of Iraq Under Different Water Discharges Scenarios, Fuaad Al-Yaseen, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar Aug 2026

Modelling The Ecosystem Behavior Of Abu-Ziriq Marsh In South Of Iraq Under Different Water Discharges Scenarios, Fuaad Al-Yaseen, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar

Engineering and Technology Journal

The marshlands are of fundamental importance to Iraq, a unique ecosystem providing local inhabitants with an essential source of habitat and livelihoods. This paper aims to study the ecosystem behavior of Abu-Ziriq Marsh in the south of Iraq under different scenarios using the Ecosystem Functions Model Program (HEC-EFM) and Hydrologic Engineering Center Data Storage System Visual Utility Engine (HEC-DSSVue). To this end, data was converted from tri-monthly and semi-monthly to daily data using the HEC-DSSVue program. The daily data natural(flow, stage) was used for five years between 2013 and 2018. The prediction process was evaluated using three criteria: correlation coefficient …

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A Compact Single-Feed Patch Antenna With Frequency And Polarization Diversity, Fayyadh Ahmed Aug 2026

A Compact Single-Feed Patch Antenna With Frequency And Polarization Diversity, Fayyadh Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

A new compact single feed square ring patch antenna using meandered 4λ transformer is designed, for frequency and polarization diversity. The proposed antenna is constructed from a square ring patch antenna, and two orthogonal meandered cascaded 4λ transformer (OMCT), incorporated with six switches for frequency and polarization reconfiguration purposes. The OMCT with switches is necessary to get good impedance bandwidth (BW) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for circular polarization state. In addition, it utilized to excite the antenna at two orthogonal locations, with equal magnitude and quadratic in phase, for achieving circular polarization mode at resonant frequencies 2.44GHz, 4.7GHz, and …

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Assessing Water Quality For Al-Diwaniyah River, Iraq Using Gis Technique, Khalid Hussein, Sataa Al-Bayati, Salih A.A. Al-Bakri Al-Bakri Aug 2026

Assessing Water Quality For Al-Diwaniyah River, Iraq Using Gis Technique, Khalid Hussein, Sataa Al-Bayati, Salih A.A. Al-Bakri Al-Bakri

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this  study,  Al-Diwaniyah  River  within  Al-Diwaniyah  Governorate was monitored for a set of chemical, physical,and bacteriological parameters for the assessment of water quality during January to July 2018. Water quality maps for  this  river  were  plotted  torepresent  the  change  in  each  parameter  during  the study  period  using  GIS  program.  Three  sampling  stations  along  the  river  and eighteen parameters were selected: air temperature, water temperature, turbidity, pH  value,  electrical  conductivity  (EC),  biochemical  oxygen  demand  (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), alkalinity, chloride, Sulfate, total suspended solids (TSS), total  dissolved  solids  (TDS),  calcium,  magnesium,  total  hardness,  lead,  total coliform,and  Escherichia  coli  bacteria.  The …

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Enhanced Solution Of Inverse Kinematics For Redundant Robot Manipulator Using Pso, Hind Khaleel Aug 2026

Enhanced Solution Of Inverse Kinematics For Redundant Robot Manipulator Using Pso, Hind Khaleel

Engineering and Technology Journal

Kinematics of the robot is divided into two parts: the forwardkinematics, which evaluates the end-effector’s position from joint angles, and theinverse kinematics, which demonstrates the joint angles from the end-effector'sposition. The solution of the inverse kinematics problem is too difficult andcomplicated for the redundant robot arm manipulator. A Particle SwarmOptimization (PSO) algorithm is an effective method to solve global optimizationproblems. This paper presents the solution of inverse kinematics problem of athree-link redundant manipulator robot arm using PSO without using the inversekinematics equations. The circle, square and triangle generated trajectories usingPSO are enhanced as compared with the trajectories of other works. …

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Optimization Using Taguchi Method For Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Bio Mimicking Polymeric Matrix Composite For Orthodontic Application, Jenan Kashan Aug 2026

Optimization Using Taguchi Method For Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Bio Mimicking Polymeric Matrix Composite For Orthodontic Application, Jenan Kashan

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work take in consideration the application of Taguchi optimization methodology in optimizing the parameters for processing (composition, compounding pressure) and their effects on the output physical (Density and true porosity) properties and mechanical(fracture strength and microhardness) properties for the Nano HA,Al2O3 fillers reinforced HDPE hybrid composite material for orthodontic application. An orthogonal array of the Taguchi approach was used to analyses the effect of the processing parameters on the physical and mechanical properties. On the other hand, the surface roughness and particle size distribution were also calculated to study their effect on the output properties. The result shows that …

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E-Learning Applications In Engineering And The Project-Based Learning Vs Problem-Based Learning Styles: A Critical & Comparative Study, Hatim Abood Aug 2026

E-Learning Applications In Engineering And The Project-Based Learning Vs Problem-Based Learning Styles: A Critical & Comparative Study, Hatim Abood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The paper aims to critically review the learning styles and teaching methods of engineering curricula and to compare it with the requirements of engineering profession. Present engineers need to response effectively to the increasingly complex systems. The engineer has to deal with vector and scaler quantities, complex numbers, imaginary parts, electromagnetic fields, and complex constructions are designed and implemented in 3-Dimensions environment. This should be reflected in engineering education styles, where lecturers try to convey many aspects of complex systems. The purpose of engineering education is that to graduate engineers who can design and solve technical problems, and that design …

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Rubber Pad Sheet Metal Forming Of Round Metal Blanks Into Multi Shape Axisymmetric Cups By Fea And Experimental Methods, Karem Younis, Adnan Mohammed, Jalil Shukur Aug 2026

Rubber Pad Sheet Metal Forming Of Round Metal Blanks Into Multi Shape Axisymmetric Cups By Fea And Experimental Methods, Karem Younis, Adnan Mohammed, Jalil Shukur

Engineering and Technology Journal

Rubber-pad forming process of round sheet blanks into axisymmetric cups is studied by numerical and experimental approaches. In the experiments, round metal sheets are formed into the axisymmetric cups by pressing them between a rubber pad and a former block with desirable shape. To investigate influences of different parameters on the forming load, three former blocks with different shapes, blank material of low carbon steel (ST12) with thickness 0.5 mm ,three polyurethane rubber with different hardness (50,60 and 70) shore A and rubber pad having three different thickness (40,60 and 80) mm . ANSYS Workbench utilized to perform the numerical …

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Phytoremediation Of Heavy Metals(Cd, Cu, Fe, And Pb) By Using Aquatic Plants In Shatt Al-Arab River, Taha Al-Edani, Hayfaa Al-Tameemi, Zainab Jasim Aug 2026

Phytoremediation Of Heavy Metals(Cd, Cu, Fe, And Pb) By Using Aquatic Plants In Shatt Al-Arab River, Taha Al-Edani, Hayfaa Al-Tameemi, Zainab Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The study conducted to evaluate the ability of some aquatic plants in absorption and accumulate some heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, and Pb) in their tissues from contaminated water in two sites of Shatt Al-Arab River, Province of Basrah/Iraq. Water samples were collected from two sites one of them north of Basrah (Gurna) and the other from Sindbad island middle site of Shatt Al-Arab river. The chemical analysis had been performed to find out water quality. A laboratory experiment had been conducted by using three types of aquatic plants which were; Common Hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L., Common Reed (Phragmites australis …

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Heavy Metals Accumulation In Two Types Of Tree Leaves From Baghdad Urban Areas, Maha Mahmood, Athmar Al-Mashhady, Ali Ali Aug 2026

Heavy Metals Accumulation In Two Types Of Tree Leaves From Baghdad Urban Areas, Maha Mahmood, Athmar Al-Mashhady, Ali Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

It is well known that environmental pollution by many heavymetals is a serious problem to the natural ecosystem due to their toxiceffects. Most heavy metals such as Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn are needed byvarious organisms but at certain concentrations is very necessary forboth plants and animals. However, it has been suggested that ever greenplant trees can assist in controlling such pollution via various methodswhere one method is the ability of these plant trees to absorb heavymetals from contaminated soils. The current work was designed to assessCd, Mn and Pb plant content in two tree species (Eucalyptus sp. andAlbizia sp.) …

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Dna Fingerprints Of Two Tilapia Fish Species Of Euphrates River At Governorate Ofal-Muthanna Using Rapd Markers, Taha Al-Khafaji, Mustafa Ziyadi, Marwa Musad Aug 2026

Dna Fingerprints Of Two Tilapia Fish Species Of Euphrates River At Governorate Ofal-Muthanna Using Rapd Markers, Taha Al-Khafaji, Mustafa Ziyadi, Marwa Musad

Engineering and Technology Journal

During the last decade, tilapia species (Cichlidae: Teleostei) becamemembers of Iraqi fish fauna. They characterized with morphological similarity amonggenera and species. That makes species differentiation not easily. Molecular methodsfollowed to differentiate between redbelly tilapia Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848) andblue tilapia Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) of the Euphrates River sectorat Al-Samawah city. RAPD-PCR method used to create the genetic fingerprints of twotilapia fish species. Seven decamer primers (OPA08, OPA10, OPA13, OPA17,OPA19, OPB08 and OPC02) used to amplify DNA fragments using PCR-RAPDtechnique. Forty-four bands scored after electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel alongwith molecular marker fragmented to each 100 base pair. The molecular …

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Removal Of Nitrate From Contaminated Groundwater Using Solar Membrane Distillation, Alaa Al-Fatlawi, Mohsen Karrabi, Ghassan Abukhanafer, Ahmed Al Samlan Al Samlan Aug 2026

Removal Of Nitrate From Contaminated Groundwater Using Solar Membrane Distillation, Alaa Al-Fatlawi, Mohsen Karrabi, Ghassan Abukhanafer, Ahmed Al Samlan Al Samlan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nitrate contamination is worldwide water pollution posing a majorhealth hazard to human and animal life. Challenges are being faced to get freshwater for the areas having a low amount of usable water. This study aims toasses and evaluates the feasibility of removing nitrate from groundwater byusing cheap approaches. A pilot-scale solar distillation membrane filter, wasdesigned and constructed for this study, the set up was designed into twopartitions: i) water heater and ii) membrane distillation. The effect of severaloperating parameters such as feed and distillate temperature, nitrateconcentration, and pH, on water flux and nitrate removal efficiency, wasinvestigated. The results showed that …

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Isolation And Identification Of Ureolytic Bacteria Isolated From Livestock Soil To Improve The Strength Of Cement Mortar, Hussein Khadhim, Saad Ammar, Shahlaa Ebrahim Aug 2026

Isolation And Identification Of Ureolytic Bacteria Isolated From Livestock Soil To Improve The Strength Of Cement Mortar, Hussein Khadhim, Saad Ammar, Shahlaa Ebrahim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of the present study is to isolate and recognize calciumcarbonate-producing bacteria and to check these bacterial strains for use incement mortar to improve its properties such as strength and water absorption.Bacteria were isolated from livestock soils were examined for urease producingactivity, the possibility to precipitate calcite and its activity to improve thecompressive strength. Based on the results, four isolates were selected andidentified. They were characterized as B. atrophaeus, B. subtilis, B. aryabhattaiand B. amyloliquefaciens. Experimental work was performed to evaluate theeffect of bacterial concentration in term of optical density (OD) on thecompressive strength. Bacterial cement mortar samples revealed …

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Hydrogeologic Sustainability And Mitigation Of Shallow Groundwater Against High Saline And Chemical Pollutants, Najah Al Maimuri, Arkan Ali, Abdulhadi Al-Sa’Adi, Mohammed Abed Abed Aug 2026

Hydrogeologic Sustainability And Mitigation Of Shallow Groundwater Against High Saline And Chemical Pollutants, Najah Al Maimuri, Arkan Ali, Abdulhadi Al-Sa’Adi, Mohammed Abed Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

A hydrogeologic study has been adopted to conceptualize the concepts of groundwater levels lowering in swamped area of Tyass, middle of Iraq. 2D dimensional groundwater model and, mitigation model has been used to mitigate the aquifer against high salinity and chemical pollutants by the mitigation theory of heterogeneous subsurface media, which depends upon physical and mathematical derivation, evaluation of chemical pollutants and total dissolved salts (TDS) of subsurface water before and after mitigation process. The water table level was lowered up to 2.43m at the center of a pumping well of abstraction discharge (400m3/day) obtained after 2755days in steady state. …

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Effect Of Compost And Humic Acid On Potato Growth And Quality, Abbas Mijwel, Adel N. Abed Al-Redha Abed Al-Redha, Tarif Bresim Aug 2026

Effect Of Compost And Humic Acid On Potato Growth And Quality, Abbas Mijwel, Adel N. Abed Al-Redha Abed Al-Redha, Tarif Bresim

Engineering and Technology Journal

an experiment was carried out in Karbala on 10/9/2014 using the compost of palm residues at four levels (0, 20, 30, 40) tan.h-1 and the humic acid in three concentrations (0,1.5, 3)ml.L-1 to determine the effect of these factors and their interaction in growth and quality characteristics of potato and find organic fertilizer combination instead of chemical fertilizers. The addition of the compost of the residue palm has a significant and positive effect on all studied traits (Number of branches.plant-1, Plant height, percent of the dry weight of vegetative growth, percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tubers, ratio of …

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Air Pollution Effects In Some Plant Leaves Morphological And Anatomical Characteristics Within Baghdad City. Iraq, Abdul Hameed Al-Obaidy, Israa Jasim, Abdul-Rahman Alkubaisi Aug 2026

Air Pollution Effects In Some Plant Leaves Morphological And Anatomical Characteristics Within Baghdad City. Iraq, Abdul Hameed Al-Obaidy, Israa Jasim, Abdul-Rahman Alkubaisi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present study examined the air pollutants effects in seven plant species leaves, Olea europea L., Zizphus spina-christi L. Desf., Conocarpus lancifolius Engl., Albizia lebbeck L. Benth., Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., Clerodendron inermis L. Graeth and Dodonaea viscasa Jacq., distribute within Baghdad city. The leaves sample were collected from May (2016) to April (2017) in five regions within Baghdad city, which are Karrada, Sadr City, Shoula and Mansur, as well as Baghdad tourist island as a control region. The Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Carbone monoxide (CO), Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Suspended particulate matter (PM) were measured in all …

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Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal Aug 2026

Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Planting design is an important part of all Landscape Architecture projects (LAps). It needs new criteria in order to make it more sustainable. When arid conditions are dominant, these criteria will be more difficult. These limiting factors of harsh environment and aridity, such as high temperature and evaporation, low rainfall, poor and sandy soil, are largely diverse in many levels concerning water, soil, and climate. Thus they clearly appear in designing and impeding sustainable LAps. The planting design in LAps is governed by three major factors which are: plant species, water availability, and the control soil property and climate conditions. …

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Shortage Sanitation Services In The Outskirts Of Baghdad And Its Environmental Impacts, Alaa Al-Obaidi, Sara Zangana, Saja Al-Sudany Aug 2026

Shortage Sanitation Services In The Outskirts Of Baghdad And Its Environmental Impacts, Alaa Al-Obaidi, Sara Zangana, Saja Al-Sudany

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study focuses on evaluation of the reality of wastewater services in the areas of outskirts of Baghdad which the responsibility of their implementation rests on the province of Baghdad and the ministry of construction and housing and general municipalities/ the General Directorate of Sewerage GDS, and to suggest the possibility to improve these services in light of the plans developed by the concerned authorities and the proportion of disability in the services suffered by those areas. The study concluded that the completion of the stopped project because of the financial crisis will raise the proportion of serves population to …

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Studies On Characterization Of Sawdust For Application In A Gasification Process For Syngas Production, Abdul Hameed Al-Obaidy, Riyad Al-Anbari, Hussein Kadhim Aug 2026

Studies On Characterization Of Sawdust For Application In A Gasification Process For Syngas Production, Abdul Hameed Al-Obaidy, Riyad Al-Anbari, Hussein Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Quintessential characteristics of sawdust were investigated in this study as well as to to investigate the ability of reed as a Production of gases via gasification technique by using special gasifier made for this purpose. The physical properties of solid waste results showed that sawdust were suitable for using in production of syngas due to its high volatile matter and cellulose content and low moisture content. The CHNS analysis results showed that high content of hydrogen for sawdust has generated higher amount of syngas heat value, while gravimetric analysis results showed that high cellulose and hemicellulose content gave higher concentration …

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Biosorption Technique For Naphthalene Removal From Aqueous Solution By Chara Sp., Algae, Talib Albayati, Khairi Kalash Aug 2026

Biosorption Technique For Naphthalene Removal From Aqueous Solution By Chara Sp., Algae, Talib Albayati, Khairi Kalash

Engineering and Technology Journal

These instructions give guidelines for preparing the article to be published in the Engineering& Technology Journal using MS World 7.0 or later. A short abstract should open the paper and give a clear indication of the aims, scope and the main results of the paper. The reader may decide from the abstract that the full text is of particular interest or not. The author should consider that the abstract is an indication of the scope of the topic and the obtained results and not a way of condensing the problem in a few words for quick reading. It should be …

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A Proposed Method For The Sound Recognition Process, Azad Kareem, Marwa Jassim, Mustafa Ali Aug 2026

A Proposed Method For The Sound Recognition Process, Azad Kareem, Marwa Jassim, Mustafa Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

One of the most important issues in the signal-processing world is the issue of sounds differentiations. It has many applications in identifying the sources of the sounds, and many researches nowadays serves in this field and all of them looking for the best way to have a high accuracy implementation of the discrimination process. Sounds can be recognized under suitable recording conditions by converting the sound signal from time to frequency domain (because Sound signal of a source differs from other sources by the frequency contents. This property serves to differentiate between sounds, and differences become visually apparent when the …

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Tuning Of A Pid Controller By Bacterial Foraging Algorithm For Position Control Of Dc Servo Motor, Manal Jasim Aug 2026

Tuning Of A Pid Controller By Bacterial Foraging Algorithm For Position Control Of Dc Servo Motor, Manal Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Controlling the position of Direct Current servo motor is the first aim of this paper, by Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA), the best Proportional – Integral - Derivative (PID) controller parameters were obtained through Mat-Lab application, including the simulation and modeling of Direct Current servo motor, BFA controller and conventional PID Controller as benchmark to the performance of BFA. Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller is a closed loop system, the error made by the Direct Current motor was corrected and determine the correct position to the desired point were controlled By integrating the Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller. Kp, …

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The Effects Of Cyanobactrum Chroococcus Minor And Oscillatoria Amonea On Seed Germination Of Plant Vigna Radiate, Ghaidaa Alrubaie Aug 2026

The Effects Of Cyanobactrum Chroococcus Minor And Oscillatoria Amonea On Seed Germination Of Plant Vigna Radiate, Ghaidaa Alrubaie

Engineering and Technology Journal

Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic photosynthesis algae able to produce toxins and that cause problems in water quality, agriculture and aquatic organisms As well as concerns about the public health for humans. Among the cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins (MC) are the most common. In this study, Identification and Isolation of blue green algae Chroococcus minor and Oscillatoria amonea Belonging to the cyanobacteria division, BG-11 media were used to cultivation. In suitable laboratory conditions (25 ±2C°, 260μE/m2/sec) for 16:8 hrs. Light: dark. The culture was harvested after 30 days and determine the effects of the extracellular of both algae on seed germination for Vigna …

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Levels Of Lead And Chromium Ions In Different Brands Of Lipstick Sold At Local Markets In Iraq, Shaymaa Khazaal, Khalida Al-Azawi, Hamsa Eessa, Abdulnasser Al-Gebori Al-Gebori, Hasan Obayes, Abeer Khasraghi Aug 2026

Levels Of Lead And Chromium Ions In Different Brands Of Lipstick Sold At Local Markets In Iraq, Shaymaa Khazaal, Khalida Al-Azawi, Hamsa Eessa, Abdulnasser Al-Gebori Al-Gebori, Hasan Obayes, Abeer Khasraghi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Lead and Chromium ion samples of five commercial samplesof each of twenty brands of lipstick sold at locally markets in Iraq weredetermined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Samples ofdigested Lipstick were used, acid digestion method using acids HCl:HNO3 in ratio 1:3 were used before analysis. Average for analyzedsamples were Pb, 0.10-4.85 ppm; Cr, 0.18-5.2 ppm. Samples No.9 andNo.4 showed the least concentrations of Pb and Cr respectively. Thesevalues are not expected to be toxic to humans. However, exposure overlong periods might cause accumulation of the elements in the body andeven at low concentration; some metals could initiate allergic reactions.

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Sensor Network Based Animals Feeding And Milk Production Management System, Zena Faris, Muayad Croock Aug 2026

Sensor Network Based Animals Feeding And Milk Production Management System, Zena Faris, Muayad Croock

Engineering and Technology Journal

In general, the animals’ feeding requires a lot of time and efforts spent by the cattlemen. Part of the feeding amount is consumed by the animal to save its life and the other part is considered for instrumental milk production. The type of food in addition to the number of feeding frequents are important factors in changing the amount of produced milk as well as the weight of an animal. In this paper, we propose a control system that manage the forage process and the amount of produced milk by determining the quantity and number of feeding animals using sensor …

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Environmental Impact Assessment For Brick Factory In Baghdad, Iraq, Saadi Al-Nuzal, Salih Al-Bakri, Sara Zankana Aug 2026

Environmental Impact Assessment For Brick Factory In Baghdad, Iraq, Saadi Al-Nuzal, Salih Al-Bakri, Sara Zankana

Engineering and Technology Journal

The environmental and social impacts of bricks factory based on the information's collected from old brick factories in Al-Nahrawan. This information includes water, air and soil sample analysis, community questionnaire, climate and topography of the region and standards to create model for modern brick factory. Practically the results of the analysis of soil pH, exceed the determinants of the WHO, while some cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Ni2+ , carbon content, and TDS were within the limit. High values for volatile organic compounds, PMs, TSP, NO2 and SO2 resulting from the combustion of the fuel used in the …

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Potential Of Ethylhexyl Ester Oil To Enhance Drilling Of Hthp Wellbores, Lina Jassim, Robiah Yunus, Suraya Abdul Rashid, Amar Salleh Salleh Aug 2026

Potential Of Ethylhexyl Ester Oil To Enhance Drilling Of Hthp Wellbores, Lina Jassim, Robiah Yunus, Suraya Abdul Rashid, Amar Salleh Salleh

Engineering and Technology Journal

Ester-based drilling fluids have been accepted as an alternative to mineral oils in drilling applications and currently being utilized to drill oil or gas wells around the world. However, the ester-based fluids have deficiencies that limit its ability to carry and transfer drilled solids, stabilize the wellbore and drill the extended reach wells. Several approaches have been considered to overcome the ester limitations. Thus, the main aim of this study is to overcome these limitations by developing the high performance ester-based green drilling fluids for deep and ultra-deep wells. The low-pressure technology was applied in the synthesis of the ester …

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The Role And Important Of Internet Of Things In Building Sustainable City, Nahla Alwan, Muna Al-Nuaimi Aug 2026

The Role And Important Of Internet Of Things In Building Sustainable City, Nahla Alwan, Muna Al-Nuaimi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Every year many people migrate from country to city to live there. This will load a big pressure on the whole living in the city, Baghdad city also suffer from this problem in addition to other found problems like energy consumption , waste accumulate , Traffic congestion, noise, environmental pollution. To offer a good sustainable future living to population without any damage to environment and to solve many problems , one can use internet of things which is the connection network of the things especially with high spread of networks now which Internet of things based on it .the purpose …

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Green Synthesis, Characterization And Antimicrobial Activity Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation Technique, Azhar Haleem, Ruaa Abbas, Abdulhadi Kadhim Aug 2026

Green Synthesis, Characterization And Antimicrobial Activity Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation Technique, Azhar Haleem, Ruaa Abbas, Abdulhadi Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Titanium dioxide nanaoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were prepared using laser ablation technique by ablation of titanium target immersed in distilled de-ionized water (DDW) by Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser of 1064 nm, 1 Hz, (490) mJ and 700 pulse. UV-visible spectrophotometer and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the optical and morphological properties of prepared nanoparticles, respectively. The absorption spectrum of TiO2 NPs was at ultraviolet-region (214 nm) due to Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), and the particles size distribution of the prepared nanoparticles ranged from 30 to 100 nm. The antifungal activity ofTiOR2R NPs was carried out against Microsporum canis. …

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Transesterification Of Castor Oil By Using Methanol And Ethanol (50/50) Mixture, Muna Khudhair, Sajeda Husain, Zahraa Jassim, Shefaa Salih Salih Aug 2026

Transesterification Of Castor Oil By Using Methanol And Ethanol (50/50) Mixture, Muna Khudhair, Sajeda Husain, Zahraa Jassim, Shefaa Salih Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

Biodiesel is gaining considerable attention as a renewable sourceof energy, as an alternative to petroleum fuel and can be used in enginewithout modification in this paper, the profile of preparation of fatty acidmethyl ethyl ester from castor oil via a base-catalyzed transesterification wasinvestigated.. The variables chosen for the study were reaction time, oil to(methanol and ethanol) mixture ratio, and reaction temperature at constantconcentration of KOH(catalyst) .The effects of these variables on viscosity andspecific gravity were studied.

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Bio And Mechanical Evaluation Of An Enhanced Bio Glass, J.T. Al-Haidary, M.N. Arbilei, J.S. Kashan Aug 2026

Bio And Mechanical Evaluation Of An Enhanced Bio Glass, J.T. Al-Haidary, M.N. Arbilei, J.S. Kashan

Engineering and Technology Journal

These Tap casting and powder metallurgy methods used to produce the 45S5 Bioglass. This study revealed that the bioglass modified with 0.2% Y2O3 has about 700% increases in hardness. The modification of bioglass with 0.2% Y2O3 leads to a 44% increase in fracture toughness values. This study revealed that the 0.2% Y2O3 bioglass composition-modification improves the fracture strength by almost 150%. The laboratory histological sections showed that 45S5 bioglass (original composition materials showed nether systemic nor local inflammation with new bone formation at site of implantation. The Y2O3 modified the 45S5 bioglass showed no inflammation reactions as well, but no …

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