Digital Commons Network^™

An Evaluation Of Grazing Value Of Maize And Companion Crops For Wintering Lactating Ewes, E. A. Van Zyl, C. S. Dannhauser

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Northwestern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), in South Africa, is well known for its sheep production from natural rangeland in summer (October to May). During winter, however, the nutritional value of the rangeland cannot maintain young growing sheep or pregnant and lactating ewes. With this in mind, Lyle (1991) suggested the use of planted pastures for the winter. Crichton et al (1998) and Esterhuizen & Niemand (1989) suggested the use of maize crop residues for both cattle and sheep during winter, whereas Moore (1997) evaluated grazing (not harvested) maize for this purpose. He found that the crude protein content of the crop was …

An Agronomic Evaluation Of Grazing Maize Combined With Companion Crops For Sheep In Northwestern Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, C. S. Dannhauser, E. A. Van Zyl

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Northwestern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), in South Africa, is well known for its sheep production from natural rangeland in summer (October to May). During winter however, the nutritional value of the rangeland cannot maintain young growing sheep or pregnant and lactating ewes. With this in mind Lyle (1991) suggested the use of planted pastures for the winter. Crichton, Gertenbach & Henning (1998) and Esterhuizen & Niemand (1989) suggested maize crop residues for both cattle and sheep during winter, whereas Moore (1997) evaluated grazing maize (not harvested) for this purpose. He found that the protein content of the crop was inadequate and for …

The Use Of Forage Supplements To Overcome Seasonal Shortages Of Grazed Herbage In Dairy Production Systems, A. Hameleers, D. J. Roberts

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In most dairy production systems, grazed herbage is potentially the cheapest forage resource. However, while the availability is affected by seasonal changes in herbage growth, and/or between year variations in climatic conditions, the requirements of dairy production systems tend to remain constant throughout the season. This paper summarises five experiments that examined the effect of the characteristics of the forage supplement (dry matter, DM; metabolisable energy, ME, content; Type) and the effect of stage of lactation and access method to the supplement on animal performance.

Year-Round Forage Systems For Beef Cows And Calves, J. P. Fontenot, W. M. Clapham, W. S. Swecker, Jr. D. Fiske, J. B. Hall, J. H. Fike, G. Scaglia

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Beef cow systems in the USA are based on forages with little or no concentrates fed. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. L.) is one of the important pasture forages in the lower Northeast and upper South (Allen et al., 2001). Limited research has been conducted on year-round all forage systems based on cool season forages. Stockpiling tall fescue in late summer-early fall provides good quality forage that is usually grazed rather than harvested. Forage systems including tall fescue and clover (Trifolium repens L.) produced excellent performance in beef cows and calves, with minimum inputs (Allen et al …

Seasonality Of Forage Production Of Coastcross-1 With Different Sources And Applications Of Phosphorus, José C. Pinto, Í. P. A. Santos, A. E. Furtini Neto, A. R. Morais, E. E. Mesquita, D. J. G. Faria, I. F. Andrade

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Brazil presents high potential for meat production from pastures. However, the feeding of ruminants depends on the conditions and the climate. Approximately 80% of the annual production of dry matter (DM) occurs in the period October to March (spring - summer). In the autumn and winter production is low associated with high humidity and low temperatures in the south and low rainfall in the tropical north. The situation is exacerbated by inadequate management practices and low soil fertility, particularly low levels of phosphorus (P). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the seasonality of production of DM of coastcross-1 …

Study On Re-Growth And Nutritional Potentials Of Eleusine Indica L In Chitwan, Nepal, P. R. Regmi, Naba R. Devkota, M. Sapkota, M. P. Sharma

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The efforts to use exotic fodder species to solve the problem of green roughage scarcity in Nepal, have had only limited success because the species are not persistent. Use of local forage species, such as Eleusine indica, which is widely adapted and tolerant of repeated cutting (Lowry et al., 1992), could be possible solution to the problem. The objective of this study was to understand the re-growth potential of E. indica with respect to nitrogen fertiliser application and cutting management and to determine its feeding value in the dry season.

The Use Of Multivariate Analysis In Tropical Grass And Legume Seed Production In Cuban Regions, G. Febles, R. Baños, S. Yáñes, V. Torres, T. Ruiz, F. Funes

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Seed production is an important activity in developing countries where pastures are the main source for animal feeding (Febles et al. 2003). Another outstanding aspect is the mathematical analysis used when a large number of species, varieties and ecotypes are used in the same study. The objective of this paper was to examine the use of multivariate analysis in studies on the effects of edaphoclimatic factors on seed production from tropical grasses and legumes.

Dry Matter Production And Nutritive Quality Of Wild Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum) Grown Along Roadsides In Sri Lanka, Sujatha Premaratne, G. G. C. Premalal

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Wild Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) was introduced into Sri Lanka in the 1820s for forage purposes and has now naturalised in most ecological zones, ecosystems and habitats including roadsides with the exception of hilly and semi-arid parts of the country. The enormous distribution of the grass throughout the country has contributed much to supplying livestock feeds, soil erosion control, and improvement of soil fertility. The objective of this study was to investigate the growth, dry matter (DM) production and nutritive quality of wild Guinea grass along roadsides in different ecological zones.

Lutheran General And Deaconess Hospitals School Of Nursing Yearbook, 1972, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General and Deaconess Hospitals, Park Ridge, IL: Tri-Bar 1972, Lutheran Deaconess Hospital School of Nursing 1971 Yearbook

Lutheran General And Deaconess Hospitals School Of Nursing Yearbook, 1967, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General and Deaconess Hospitals, Park Ridge and Chicago, IL: Tri-Bar 1967, Lutheran Deaconess Hospital School of Nursing 1967 Yearbook

Lutheran General And Deaconess Hospitals School Of Nursing Yearbook, 1965, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Lutheran General and Deaconess Hospitals, Park Ridge and Chicago, IL: Tri-Bar 1965, Lutheran Deaconess Hospital School of Nursing 1965 Yearbook

The Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilisation On The Morphological Development And Growth Rate Of Star Grass (Cynodon Nlemfuensis), P. P. Del Pozo, R. S. Herrera, A. Hameleers

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Nitrogen is one of the main inputs used in forage production systems to increase productivity. However, in Cuba, the availability of fertiliser N is limited and therefore if applied, needs to be used with high efficiency. Previous studies (Johnson, 2001, Del Pozo, 2003) investigated the effects of N on growth, carbohydrate and protein content but did not consider morphological changes in Cynodon nlemfuensis. A study was therefore undertaken investigating how N application influences morphological development of the plant and how these changes might affect the efficiency of use of applied N.

Brachiaria And Panicum Productivity At Different Sites Within The Brazilian Amazon, F. F. C. Mello, C. E. P. Cerri, C. C. Cerri, C. A. C. Crusciol

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Over the last 25 years more than 70 M ha of native vegetation in Brazil have been replaced by pastures for beef production. The substitution of native vegetation on such a large scale with African grasses (mainly of the genera Brachiaria and Panicum) is likely to have an impact on nutrients and organic matter composition, as well as a regional impact on hydrology and water quality.

Levels Of Concentrate For Grazing Nelore Crossbred Steers In The Dry Period Of The Year In Brazil, I. F. Andrade, A. A. F. Baião, E. A. M. Baião, José C. Pinto

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In Brazil, the fattening of supplemented grazing steers accounts for many finished animals in the dry season. This work had the objective of evaluating the effect of levels of concentrate on the fattening of crossbred Nelore steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha pasture in the dry period of the year.

Productive Longevity And Yield Quality Of Galega-Grass Swards, Aleksandr Adamovich

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) is an early maturing, very productive perennial forage legume that fixes atmospheric nitrogen. Unlike other legumes, pure stands of fodder galega provide stable yields of green feed and seeds and do not thin out between the years. The symbiotic potential of fodder galega to grow in mixtures with grasses can be exploited to produce ecologically safe forage and animal products.

Developments In The Use Of Plantain (Plantago Lanceolata) Cultivars In New Zealand Pastures, A. V. Stewart, H. G. Judson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The use of pasture herbs, such as chicory, is commonplace in New Zealand in recent years. This has stimulated interest in other herb species such as plantain (Plantago lanceolata) that often occurs as a ubiquitous weed in temperate pastures throughout the world. In the last decade 2 improved commercial cultivars, Grasslands Lancelot (Rumball et al., 1997) and the erect, winter active Ceres Tonic (Stewart, 1996), have been bred in New Zealand for use in pastures. These cultivars have useful agronomic features that make them valuable for grazing. They are productive in mixtures, palatable to grazing animals, and …

Response Of Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum Jacq) To Application Of Cow Dung In South West Nigeria, Olufemi S. Onifade, Jimoh A. Olanite, Alaba O. Jolaosho, O. M. Arigbede, N. K. Tijani

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The yield of forage species from the world's grazing land is limited by poor soil and unproductive species (Jones & Wild, 1975; Cooke, 1982). The use of manure on pasture land not only represents a low cost disposal method but also a means of recycling nutrients for plant growth and counteracting the decreasing organic matter content in most agricultural soils. In agro-pastoral production systems, the interaction between crops and livestock is important. Manures are used mainly to complement inorganic fertiliser in the production of food crops. There is a dearth of information on the response of pasture grass to application …

Riparian Management In Intensive Grazing Systems For Improved Biodiversity And Environmental Quality: Productive Grazing, Healthy Rivers, S. R. Aarons, M. Jones-Lennon, P. Papas, N. Ainsworth, F. Ede, J. Davies

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Within high rainfall intensive grazing systems of southern Victoria, riparian zones are often degraded due to vegetation clearing, stock access and inappropriate farm management. Streams in these landscapes often have poor water quality and reduced biodiversity due to degraded terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Improved management of riparian zones depends on developing tools and practices for integration into productive grazing systems. This paper describes the approaches used and the tools developed in the 'Productive Grazing, Healthy Rivers: Improving riparian and in-stream biodiversity' project

The Suitability For Organic Cattle Beef Production Of Mixed Farming Systems In The Highlands Of North East Portugal, J. M. Pires, M. Rodrigues, F. Sousa, A. Bernardo, J. C. Pires, J. Cabanas, H. Resendes, M. J. Ferreira, M. I. Silva, N. Moreira

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The EC Reg. 1804/99 takes account of animal production in organic farming. However, these specifications may limit implementation and expansion of organic animal production, due to environmental and system constraints. Mixed farming, as defined by Spedding (1988) and Grigg (1996), is commonly practiced in the NE highlands of Portugal. Two farms were studied in this region in order to evaluate their suitability for organic cattle beef production, taking account of the technical specifications of the EC regulation.

Implications Of Land Use Changes On The Yields In Dry Matter, Energy And Protein Of Range And Crop Fields In Zamfara Reserve, Northwestern Nigeria, B. S. Malami, P. H. Y. Hiernaux, H. M. Tukur, B. Rischkowsky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Zamfara reserve is a 235,500 ha grazing land within the Sudan savannah zone (12º 10' - 13º 05 N; 6º 30' - 7º15' E) of north western Nigeria. Rainfall varies from 500mm in the north to 800mm in the south of the reserve, and is restricted within the months of May - September. The reserve is an important grazing site for the herds of sedentary, transhumant and agro pastoralists. Population growth within the farming communities in the reserve has led to the conversion of more grazing land to croplands. This work was carried out to evaluate the quantity and …

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Of Specialized Dairy Farms In Flanders: Evolution And Future Goals, Frank Nevens, I. Verbruggen, M. Meul, D. Reheul

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Efficient use of nutrients is one of the major aims of eco-efficient and sustainable agricultural production systems. We determined the nitrogen use efficiency of a representative set of specialised dairy farms in Flanders, between 1989-1990 and 2000-2001 and set achievable eco-efficiency targets for sustainability.

Production Systems To Integrate Livestock Grazing And Grain Production In Southern Brazil And Midwestern Usa, R. Mark Sulc, A. Moraes, S. J. Alves, A. Pelissari, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, C. R. Lang

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agriculture in the USA and Brazil has undergone similar and dramatic changes in the past 20 years. In both countries, production systems have become increasingly specialized. Large farms are characterized by single enterprises, simple crop rotations, and livestock production is segregated from grain production. The lack of diversification and high production costs expose producers to risk from economic swings of single enterprises and greater reliance on pesticides and synthetic fertilizers to maintain profitability, along with greater risk of soil erosion from continuous row crop production. Scientists in southern Brazil and Ohio are collaborating to develop no-tillage systems that integrate livestock …

Rangelands In The Mediterranean Zone Of Croatia, J. Rogosic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rangelands dominate the landscape of the Mediterranean part of Croatia along the Adriatic coastline, occupying 83% of the agricultural land (1.7 million ha) and 40% of the entire country. The proportion of rangelands is considerably higher in the Mediterranean littoral than in other ecological regions of Croatia. Sheep and goats are widespread in the region, comprising 76% of total sheep and goat numbers in Croatia. However, in comparison to other regions of Croatia, livestock production in the Mediterranean zone is not well developed. Continuous grazing begun too early in the growing season has caused substantial rangeland degradation and a decline …

Studies On Rehabilitation And Recovery Of Degraded Shrub Rangeland In Central China, G. Xiao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Central China used to be the most important region for animal production, but over-grazing, over- cultivation and deforestation all resulted in a decline in shrub rangeland productivity as well as increasing soil degradation (JiZhou, 1989). Soil erosion, salinisation and desertification have become serious problems. The productivity of shrub rangeland decreased from 3,000~4,000kg/ha to 1,500~2,000kg/ha from the 1960s to the 1990s (Wei, 1991). Since 1990, measures have been taken to solve this problem with promising results.

Reasons For The Premature Decline In Astragalus Adsurgens Stands In Kerqin Sandy Land, Qizhong Sun, Z. L. Wang, J. G. Han, Y. W. Wang, G. R. Liu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Diseases partly account for reductions in Astragalus adsurgens stand longevity. The effect of some cultural practices on the control of pests and diseases have been reported (Hou, 1986; Nan, 1996), but few reports have detailed the relationship among soil fertiliser status, diseases and premature stand decline. This study was conducted to investigate these relationships in order to extend the longevity of Astragalus adsurgens stands.

Improvement Of The Mediterranean Agro-Silvopastoral System Montado, J. Potes, H. Babo, D. Navas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

"Montado" is an old man-made agro-silvopastoral system, with three vegetation components (trees, shrubs and herbs) used for multiple species animal husbandry in extensive production systems (Potes & Babo, 2003). Several authors have reported on the improvement of Mediterranean annual self-reseeding pastures (Espejo-Diaz, 1996) and increased stocking rates.

Tiller Dynamic Of Guineagrass (Panicum Maximum) Under Defoliation, T. Clavero, R. Razz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Guineagrass (Panicum maximum) is a perennial warm season bunchgrass native to Africa that has been introduced to many tropical areas. Its management is important because of its important role in animal production. Total production of herbage and the persistence of tufted grasses can be markedly reduced when the grass is defoliated too frequently and too intensively (Clavero, 1997). In order to determine the proper management for optimum production and long term persistence, it is important to study the effect of cutting practices on tiller dynamics of guineagrass.

Comparison Of Oral Carotene Supplementation And Oral Polypodium Leucotomas In Preventing Photodamage, Jazmin Martinez

Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses

Skin exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiance is the major cause of skin disorders, such as sunburn and nonmelanoma cancer. The current standard of care for photoprotection is the daily use of sunscreen, although patient adherence and adequate application continues to be an issue. Current data show systemic photoprotection can be added to sunscreen use to reduce the risk of cutaneous diseases. This randomized controlled study will investigate whether supplementation with Polypodium leucotomas versus carotenoid supplementation versus the standard of care, provide increased photoprotection in adults with Fitzpatrick skin types II-IV. Outcomes will be measured by comparing the minimal erythema dose …

Identification Of A Humanized Mouse Model For Functional Testing Of Immune-Mediated Biomaterial Foreign Body Response., Joshua C Doloff, Minglin Ma, Atieh Sadraei, Hok Hei Tam, Shady Farah, Jennifer Hollister-Lock, Arturo J Vegas, Omid Veiseh, Victor M Quiroz, Amanda Rakoski, Stephanie Aresta-Dasilva, Andrew R Bader, Marissa Griffin, Gordon C Weir, Michael A Brehm, Leonard D. Shultz, Robert Langer, Dale L Greiner, Daniel G Anderson

Faculty Research 2023

Biomedical devices comprise a major component of modern medicine, however immune-mediated fibrosis and rejection can limit their function over time. Here, we describe a humanized mouse model that recapitulates fibrosis following biomaterial implantation. Cellular and cytokine responses to multiple biomaterials were evaluated across different implant sites. Human innate immune macrophages were verified as essential to biomaterial rejection in this model and were capable of cross-talk with mouse fibroblasts for collagen matrix deposition. Cytokine and cytokine receptor array analysis confirmed core signaling in the fibrotic cascade. Foreign body giant cell formation, often unobserved in mice, was also prominent. Last, high-resolution microscopy …

2023-June-16-Bone-Crushing Excitement Makes For Great Summer Trip, University Marketing And Communication, East Tennessee State University

ETSU News

(June 16, 2023) – Looking for something fun and educational to do this summer? Consider a stop in Gray.  

Overseen by the Don Sundquist Center of Excellence in Paleontology at East Tennessee State University, the Gray Fossil Site and Museum has been a center of research and teaching for more than two decades, with scientists identifying dozens of extinct animal and plant species. And the last year has been an incredible one, with researchers discovering species ranging from large predators to tiny critters previously unknown to science.

Digging is underway now for the new field season, and staff are currently …