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Radiographic Measurements Correlate To Isolated Posterolateral Corner (Plc) Injury In A Novel Cadaveric Model, Joseph D. Henningsen, Scott Huff, Andrew Reichard, Andrew W. Froehle, Anil Krishnamurthy

School of Health and Exercise Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction: Injury to the posterolateral corner (PLC) of the knee often requires surgical reconstruction. There remains no consensus on treatment for PLC injury, and, therefore, it is imperative to have a reproducible injury model to improve the general knowledge of PLC injuries. A novel cadaveric model of isolated PLC injury is proposed and evaluated using radiographic parameters as well as gross dissection.

Material and methods: All protocols were reviewed by the Human Investigation and Research Committee of the home institution and were approved. Translational force in a defined posterior and lateral direction was applied to cadaveric native knees to induce …

A Cryptic Microdeletion Del(12)(P11.21p11.23) Within An Unbalanced Translocation T(7;12)(Q21.13;Q23.1) Implicates New Candidate Loci For Intellectual Disability And Kallmann Syndrome, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Shotaro Kishikawa, Vijay Gupta, Natalia T. Leach, Yiping Shen, Oana Moldovan, Himanshu Goel, Bruce Hopper, Kara Ranguin, Nicolas Gruchy, Saskia M. Maas, Yves Lacassie, Soo Hyun Kim, Woo Yang Kim, Bradley J. Quade, Cynthia C. Morton, Cheol Hee Kim, Lawrence C. Layman, Hyung Goo Kim

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

In a patient diagnosed with both Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID), who carried an apparently balanced translocation t(7;12)(q22;q24)dn, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) disclosed a cryptic heterozygous 4.7 Mb deletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23), unrelated to the translocation breakpoint. This novel discovery prompted us to consider the possibility that the combination of KS and neurological disorder in this patient could be attributed to gene(s) within this specific deletion at 12p11.21-12p11.23, rather than disrupted or dysregulated genes at the translocation breakpoints. To further support this hypothesis, we expanded our study by screening five candidate genes at both breakpoints of the chromosomal translocation …

Antioxidant Potential Of Nanomaterials, David Gonzalez Flores, Javier Espino, Jose A. Pariente

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: The novel field of nanomaterials allows infinite possibilities in order to create antioxidant therapies. The present review is aimed to describe the state of art concerning on nanomaterials and their effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A wide range of nanoparticles has been designed for this purpose, and each one possesses some particular characteristics which allow these significant antioxidant results. Several in vivo and in vitro works state the ability of these nanoparticles to mimic the redox systems of the cells, and thus, the potential role of nanoparticles as antioxidant treatment for several diseases. Materials and methods: This …

Targeting Of Notch, Il-1, And Leptin Has Therapeutic Potential In Xenograft Colorectal Cancer, Rumeysa Özyurt, Ni̇lüfer Erkasap, Mete Özkurt, Serdar Mustafa Erkasap, Konstanti̇nos Di̇mas, Ayşe Çakir Gündoğdu, Engi̇n Ulukaya

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a fatal malignancy type and its occurence still needs to be explored mechanistically. Notch, IL-1, and leptin crosstalk is reported to play a role in the proliferation, migration, and expression of proangiogenic molecules. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of inhibition of Notch, IL-1, and leptin on CRC. Materials and methods: To generate colorectal cancer tumor xenografts, 1 × 107 cells from exponentially growing cultures of HCT15 cells were injected subcutaneously, at the axillary region of the left and right rear flanks of forty NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J (NOD/SCID) female mice. The mice were then …

Soloxolone Methyl Induces Apoptosis And Oxidative/Er Stress In Breast Cancer Cells And Target Cancer Stem Cell Population, Eli̇f Ertürk, Oğuzhan Akgün, Yaren Yildiz, Pinar Kalkan, Oksana V. Salomatina, Nariman F. Salakhutdinov, Engi̇n Ulukaya, Ferda Ari

Turkish Journal of Biology

One of the most prevalent malignancies in women and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death is breast cancer. There is a need for new treatment approaches and drugs for breast cancer. Many studies show the high potential of triterpene compounds and their semisynthetic derivatives as anticancer agents due to their ability to induce apoptosis and suppress tumorigenesis. The effects of soloxolone methyl (SM), a semisynthetic derivative of 18-H-glycyrrhetinic acid, on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line (T-47D) and cancer stem cell (CSCs) population (mammospheres; CD44+/CD24-antigen) derived from breast cancer cells, were examined in this …

Indigenous Lakadong Turmeric Of Meghalaya And Its Future Prospects, Manjit Kumar Ray, Dipak K. Santra, Piyush Kumar Mishra, Saurav Das

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has long been used in traditional Indian medicine. India accounts for 80% of total global turmeric production. Lakadong turmeric gets its name from the tiny village of Lakadong, which is located in the foothills of the Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, India. It is known for having a high curcumin content of more than 7%, as opposed to 2 - 4% in regular varieties. The tribes of this region brought Lakadong turmeric from the forest and domesticated it for medicinal purposes centuries ago. Growth in local coal industries and a gradual decline in the market have …

Strategies For The Genomic Analysis Of Admixed Populations

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Admixed populations constitute a large portion of global human genetic diversity, yet they are often left out of genomics analyses. This exclusion is problematic, as it leads to disparities in the understanding of the genetic structure and history of diverse cohorts and the performance of genomic medicine across populations. Admixed populations have particular statistical challenges, as they inherit genomic segments from multiple source populations-the primary reason they have historically been excluded from genetic studies. In recent years, however, an increasing number of statistical methods and software tools have been developed to account for and leverage admixture in the context of …

Deep Brain Stimulation For Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Nour Shaheen, Ahmed Shaheen, Can Sarica, Arun Singh, Mario Zanaty, Karim Johari, Andrew Yang, Theresa Zesiewicz, Brian Dalm, Yarema Bezchlibnyk, Andres M Lozano, Oliver Flouty

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health issue with a high mortality rate. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown promising results in treating SUD in certain cases. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of DBS in the treatment of SUD and reduction of relapse rates.

METHODS: We performed a thorough and methodical search of the existing scientific literature, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to identify 16 original studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We used the evidence levels recommended by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine to assess bias. The R version …

Desperate Larva Or Death Before Dishonor: Can Old Coral Larvae Replenish Degraded Reefs?, Nepsis García Lara

All HCAS Student Capstones, Theses, and Dissertations

The recovery of coral populations depends largely on larval recruitment. Coral larvae settle in response to environmental cues that indicate habitat quality. Newly competent larvae typically avoid settling on substrates with high macroalgal cover and sedimentation, and thus might never recruit to degraded reefs, hindering their recovery. What is unknown is if settlement preferences change as larvae age. In the absence of suitable settlement cues, lecithotrophic larvae delay settlement and might do this until either dying (Death Before Dishonor Hypothesis) or becoming less discriminatory and settling regardless of their specific habitat requirements (Desperate Larva Hypothesis). To test these hypotheses in …

Ranking And Analysis The Strategies Of Crowd Management To Reduce The Risks Of Crushes And Stampedes In Crowded Environments And Ensure The Safety Of Passengers, Waleed Tawfiq Al-Nami

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Public gatherings, transit hubs, stadiums, and crowded retail malls are just a few examples of places where crowd management has become an urgent issue in recent years. Effective crowd management strategies have been required due to the increasing population, urbanization, and frequency of large-scale meetings. These strategies are used in dynamic, sometimes chaotic, circumstances to protect people and facilitate their free movement. The purpose of this study is to analyze and rank various strategies for crowd management to reduce the risks of crushes and stampedes, improve security, and facilitate smoother traffic flow. This study used the single-valued neutrosophic set to …

Ecofeminism Reimagined: Discourse & Embodiment In Young Adult Literature, Laurel Krapivkin

Theses and Dissertations

In this project, I will begin to develop a reimagined ecofeminist lens that is informed by a careful attention to the relationship between discourse and embodiment. The field of children’s literature would benefit from additional guidance on how to think complexly about ecofeminist tenants in young adult literature. While the novels I’ve chosen to analyze in this project certainly contain ecofeminist themes such as care, reciprocity, discussion of embodiment, depictions of nature and the relationships between humans and the environment, this project’s scope is not to create a definition for what constitutes an ecofeminist young adult text. Rather, I intend …

Antileukemic Potential Of Nile Blue-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy On Hl60 Human Myeloid Leukemia Cells, Serçi̇n Özlem Çalişkan, Aynur Karadağ, Bariş Uzunok, Numan Taşpinar, Berna Akin, Meti̇n Çalişkan, Rahşan Ilikçi Sağkan

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has received great attention over the past decade in the treatment of diseases such as leukemia which is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow cells that causes a significant number of deaths worldwide. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Nile blue-mediated PDT (NB-mediated PDT) on HL60 cells. Materials and methods: The effect of NB-mediated PDT on cell proliferation was evaluated with cell volume analysis using flow cytometry at 24 h. Cell apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell cycle analysis were evaluated using annexin V-FITC, H2 DCFDA, JC-1, …

Revolution And Continuity? Reassessing Nineteenth-Century Moorland Reclamation Through Palaeoecological And Archival Research, Leonard Baker, Francis M. Rowney, Henry French, Ralph M. Fyfe

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The upland moorlands of Britain are environmentally and culturally important ecosystems. Yet, our understanding of historical attempts to ‘reclaim’ these landscapes is often based upon incomplete accounts of agricultural ‘improvement’. Studies of historical landscape change have frequently focused on singular ‘revolutionary’ moments due to the limitation and biases of surviving historical sources, which has created a contemporary fixation on ‘reversing’ singular interventions. By combining palaeoecological data (pollen, coprophilous fungal spores and microcharcoal) from a recent study of five upland sites with newly rediscovered archival documents, this paper details the differences between how nineteenth-century actors described ecological interventions and some of …

Generation Of A Novel Stra8-Driven Cre Recombinase Strain For Use In Pre-Meiotic Germ Cells In Mice†, Jason D Heaney, Stephanie A Pangas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The development of oocytes occurs over a broad time frame, starting at the earliest stages of embryogenesis and continuing into adulthood. Conditional knockout technologies such as the Cre/loxP recombination system are useful for analyzing oocyte development at specific stages, but not every time frame has appropriate Cre drivers, for instance, during oocyte meiotic initiation through early prophase I in the embryo. Here, we generated a novel knockin mouse line that produces a bicistronic transcript from the endogenous Stra8 locus that includes a "self-cleaving" 2A peptide upstream of cre. This allows for high efficiency cleavage and production of both proteins individually …

Multifocal And Multicentric Glioblastoma: Imaging Signature, Molecular Characterization, Patterns Of Spread, And Treatment, Maguy Farhat, Gregory N Fuller, Max Wintermark, Caroline Chung, Vinodh A Kumar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Multifocal and multicentric glioblastoma (GBM) or collectively, m-GBM, is an imaging diagnosis present in up to 34% of patients with GBM. Compared to unifocal disease, patients with m-GBM have worse outcomes owing to the enhanced aggressive nature of the disease and its resistance to currently available treatments. To improve the understanding of its complex behavior, many associations have been established between the radiologic findings of m-GBM and its gross histology, genetic composition, and patterns of spread. Additionally, the holistic knowledge of the exact mechanisms of m-GBM genesis and progression is crucial for identifying potential targets permitting enhanced diagnosis and treatment. …

Preclinical Testing Of Metabolic Inhibitors With Erlotinib In Renal Medullary Carcinoma, Daisha Lewis, Dalia Karimi, Pedro Pesquera, Tapati Maity, Manuel Ozambela, Pavlos Msaouel, Niki M. Zacharias

Summer Experience 2023

No abstract provided.

Using Community Organizing Best Practices To Redesign The Dart Organizers' Institute, Anna Long

Capstone Collection

This Training-of-Trainers Course-Linked Capstone project explores three approaches to community organizing from three different scholar-practitioners. It begins with the father of grassroots organizing, Saul Alinsky’s, neighborhood-based and congregation-based approach. Alinsky’s approach is followed by Alicia Garza’s approach; Garza is the founder of the international Black Lives Matter movement. It ends with author and organizer adrienne maree brown’s Emergent Strategy approach. This paper will synthesize all three approaches, ultimately identifying four recommended approaches to community organizing: power, motivation, emotion, and centering impacted voices. The four recommended approaches will be used to evaluate the new organizer training (Organizers’ Institute) for the Direct …

Diversity And Adaptation Of Perennial Plants From North Africa: Legumes And Grasses, Aissa Abdelguerfi, M. Laouar, K. Abbas, M. M'Hammedi Bouzina

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A variety of climates, soil types and reliefs characterise North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia). These natural conditions have produced a large diversity of environments, landscapes, plant formations and flora. Several factors have contributed to the spread of a wide floristic variety: the influence of the Mediterranean in the north and in the north-east, the Atlantic in the west, and the Sahara in the south, as well as the presence of mountain ranges, particularly the Rif, the Tell Atlas, the Sahara Atlas, the Middle Atlas, the High Atlas, and the Anti-Atlas. This diversity of landscapes, environments and ecosystems has generated …

Effect Of Aspect And Animal Movement On A Temperate Mountain Grassland Structure, Sorkunde Mendarte, I. Amezaga, Isabel Albizu, A. Ibarra, Iker Mijangos, M. Onaindia

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mountain pasture systems are maintained by the combination of physical and environmental factors and human activity leading to highly complex ecosystems (Watkinson & Ormerod 2000). Differences between pastures are usually due to physical conditions and animal pressure (Fynn & O´Connor 2000). In extensive livestock production systems in the Basque Country (northern Spain), livestock graze in mountain pastures from May until October. This study examined the effect of aspect and animal movement on grassland structure.

Extensive Management Of Sheep Grazing In Upland Sown Grassland: Long-Term Effects On Plant Species Composition, C. A. Marriott, G. T. Barthram, T. G. Common, J. H. Griffiths, J. M. Fisher, K. Hood

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy have led to the development of agri-environment schemes to deliver environmental goods from grasslands. These schemes encourage more extensive grazing systems, and change the emphasis from animal output to issues such as increasing biodiversity. Lower stocking densities are expected to promote the development of a heterogeneous habitat and associated compositional changes in plant species. The long-term effect of more extensive sheep management, combining cessation of fertiliser and lower grazing intensity, on botanical composition and animal output in upland sown grassland has been studied at 3 sites (Marriott et al., 2002) since 1990. We …

Changes In Floristic Diversity Associated With Sheep Grazing Management On A Karst Pasture, Matej Vidrih, F. Batič, K. Eler

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Greater plant diversity, richness and lower primary production are more characteristic for karst (calcareous) pastures than for lowland grassland. In relation to the level of animal grazing required, light and moderate levels are usually most appropriate (Hart, 2001). From the conservation point of view grazing intensity should be variable between sites, and between parts of large sites, and timed to provide for the requirements of different species in different seasons (Dolek & Geyer, 2002).

Floristic Composition As A Parameter Of The Quality Of The Grassland Type Festucetum Vallesacae In Thestara Planina Hilly-Mountainous Region Of Serbia, Z. Nesic, Z. Tomic, S. Mrfat-Vukelic, M. Zujovic, I. Djalovic, S. Djordjevic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

With the increase of sea level and changes of climatic conditions, the possibilities for growing cultivated forages decreases. Therefore natural grasslands will become more important in relation to livestock nutrition. This will increase the importance of the nutritive value of these natural grasslands that have very diverse and dynamic floristic composition. The quality of the grassland depends on species categorised as grasses, legumes and other species. Other species were often regarded as harmful in regard to quality, however, they often contain many medicinal and stimulating substances that may have beneficial effects on animals and on the quality of animal products …

Floristic Composition As Parameter Of Quality Of Ass. Agrostietum Vulgaris, Z. Tomic, S. Mrfat-Vukelic, Z. Nesic, M. Zujovic, S. Djordjevic-Milosevic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In hilly-mountainous region of Serbia, meadows and pastures are the main sourcees of roughage feeds and grazing for ruminants. On Stara Planina mountain, in SE Serbia, meadows and pastures with different plant associations and a wide range of species of differing nutritional value predominate. Until the 1930s, and even until now, only species of the grass family and leguminous plants were desired and all other plants were considered worthless or harmful Klapp (1986). The main criteria to evaluate whether a meadow plant species is a weed are: is it poisonous?; is it suitable for consumption by domestic animals as regards …

Study Of Characteristics Of Soil Animals In Halophilous Plant Communities Of Leymus Chinensis Grasslands Of Northeast In China, Xiuqin Yin, Y. Zhang, W. Dong

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

We have researched soil animals in 8 types of halophilous plant communities of Leymus chinensis grasslands of Northeast China to characterise soil animal groups and explain the role and function of soil animals in grassland ecosystems (Richard & Roger, 1998) and provide a scientific basis for research to improve alkaline lands in these grasslands.

Spatial Distribution Of Soil Macroinvertebrates In A Dry Steppe (South-Eastern Siberia, Russia), K. B. Gongalsky

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Soil macroinvertebrates are important components of ecosystems. They play a key role in decomposition processes and turnover of the most of elements. Adequate estimation of abundance and biomass of these animals is fundamental for understanding their input in steppe ecosystems. Asian steppes of Russia are poorly studied. Therefore, baseline soil invertebrate composition, abundance and rules of distribution were estimated.

Grazing Effects On Spatial Microdistribution Of Soil Macroinvertebrates In A Steppe Of European Russia, F. A. Savin, K. B. Gongalsky, A. D. Pokarzhevskii

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Measures of ecosystems and their populations include biomass, production and trophic composition and animal spatial distribution. Grazing of grasslands influences spatial distribution of vegetation seriously. The same effects on soil macroinvertebrates are less well studied. Spatial distribution is usually studied at a coenosis level, and not at a studied point level, although the scale of sampling has a giant importance in estimation of organism's distribution. The aim of our study was to estimate grazing impact on large soil invertebrates in steppe ecosystems in Chernozem Nature Reserve in Russia.

The Victorian Volcanic Plains Grassland: Past, Present And Future, Steve G. Clark, J. Crosthwaite, J. Dorrough, J. R. Hirth, Y. Ingeme, J. Mavromihalis, V. Turner

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Grasslands of the Victorian Volcanic Plains have been replaced with introduced pastures and crops since European settlement with the loss of many plant and animal species. What remains, on public and private land, has high conservation value and needs urgent protection.

Evaluation Of Sweet Grain Sorghum Silage For Dairy Cows As An Alternative To Irrigated Maize Silage, W. G. Do Nascimento, Y. Barrière, X. Charrier, Christian Huyghe, J. C. Emile

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Under European dairy cattle rearing conditions, whole plant maize silage is the main part of the dairy cow's diet especially during the winter season. Nevertheless maize production can be limited in some areas because summer rainfall is insufficient and so irrigation is necessary. Grain sorghum hybrids, and especially sweet sorghum types, are potentially of great interest to avoid this water consumption (Lemaire et al., 1996, Legarto, 2000). For this reason we evaluated in 2003 the benefits and limits of a sweet grain sorghum silage for dairy milk production, compared to an irrigated maize silage. We paid particularl attention to …

Enhancing Water Use Efficiency On Irrigated Dairy Pastures With Nitrogen Fertiliser, Frank R. Mckenzie, J. L. Jacobs, G. N. Ward

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Low summer rainfall in southwest Victoria, Australia, restricts pasture growth and limits milk production. One fifth of dairy farmers in the region have some capacity to irrigate during summer. Irrigated dairy pastures are relatively poor utilisers of water with water use efficiencies (WUE) of about 1 t DM/ML water (Ward et al. 1998). Using nitrogen (N) fertiliser may increase dry matter (DM) yields for a given amount of water. Data on N response efficiencies from irrigated pasture in southwest Victoria are lacking. Two experiments determined the potential of N fertiliser to maximise the conversion of irrigated water to pasture …

Influence Of Water Stress On Root/Cladode Ratio And Water-Use Efficiency Of Opuntia Ficus-Indica And O. Robusta, Hennie A. Snyman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Due to the regular occurrence of drought in southern Africa, there is a need for more research on drought tolerant fodder plants such as Opuntia (cactus pear) species. In contrast with the cladode system, the roots of cactus pear have received little attention, however, they certainly differ from other plants, as they develop xeromorphic characteristics, enabling the plant to survive prolonged periods of drought (Nobel, 1988). The influence of different water applications was evaluated in terms of root and cladode mass, water-use efficiency (WUE) and root length for one-year-old plants of Opuntia ficus-indica (cultivar Morado) and O. robusta (cultivar Monterey).