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Integrated Reference Single-Cell Rna Seq Atlas Of Healthy Human Female Tissues To Expand The Computational Drug Target Discovery Approaches For Female-Directed Non-Hormonal Contraceptives, Zhanel Nugmanova Aug 2024

Integrated Reference Single-Cell Rna Seq Atlas Of Healthy Human Female Tissues To Expand The Computational Drug Target Discovery Approaches For Female-Directed Non-Hormonal Contraceptives, Zhanel Nugmanova

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

The ovary is vital for fertility and the maintenance of endocrine homeostasis. It contains heterogeneous cell populations, including oocyte, granulosa, stromal, endothelial, smooth muscle, and immune cell types. Creating a harmonized dataset that enables cross-tissue comparisons, including the ovary, is essential for identifying genes specific to ovarian cell types and for facilitating drug discovery for contraception and fertility purposes. There are very few resources that allow for the assessment of the expression of potential gene targets across human and mouse tissues for female-directed non-hormonal contraceptives. This is because most of these publicly available datasets are from post-menopausal women. Through our …

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The Effect Of Acute Social Isolation On Neural Molecular Responses In Components Of The Social Decision-Making Network, Patricia C. Lopes, Madeleine Chang, Faith Holloway, Biola Fatusin, Sachin Patel, Chandler Siemonsma, Morgan Kindel Aug 2024

The Effect Of Acute Social Isolation On Neural Molecular Responses In Components Of The Social Decision-Making Network, Patricia C. Lopes, Madeleine Chang, Faith Holloway, Biola Fatusin, Sachin Patel, Chandler Siemonsma, Morgan Kindel

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Prolonged or chronic social isolation has pronounced effects on animals, ranging from altered stress responses, increased anxiety and aggressive behaviour, and even increased mortality. The effects of shorter periods of isolation are much less well researched; however, short periods of isolation are used routinely for testing animal behaviour and physiology. Here, we studied how a 3 h period of isolation from a cagemate affected neural gene expression in three brain regions that contain important components of the social decision-making network, the hypothalamus, the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala, and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, using a gregarious bird …

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Systemic Activation Of The Axon Degeneration Executioner Sarm1 Triggers Acute Hyperglycemia, Lillian Spatz Aug 2024

Systemic Activation Of The Axon Degeneration Executioner Sarm1 Triggers Acute Hyperglycemia, Lillian Spatz

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Communication between the nervous system and metabolic tissues directs whole body homeostasis. It is well understood that peripheral tissues respond to neural stimulation or inhibition to modulate energy usage and storage, hormone release, and stress pathways, but the neuroendocrine circuits that drive these outcomes remain ill-defined. Our lab identified sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1) as the central executioner of axon degeneration in injury and disease models. We found that SARM1 is activated by an elevated NMN/NAD+ ratio and that nicotinamide analogs, including 3-AP and vacor, are converted to NMN-like intermediates that directly bind to SARM1, mimicking the …

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Pan-Cancer Proteogenomics Expands The Landscape Of Therapeutic Targets, Sara R Savage, Xinpei Yi, Jonathan T Lei, Bo Wen, Hongwei Zhao, Yuxing Liao, Eric J Jaehnig, Lauren K Somes, Paul W Shafer, Tobie D Lee, Zile Fu, Yongchao Dou, Zhiao Shi, Daming Gao, Valentina Hoyos, Qiang Gao, Bing Zhang Aug 2024

Pan-Cancer Proteogenomics Expands The Landscape Of Therapeutic Targets, Sara R Savage, Xinpei Yi, Jonathan T Lei, Bo Wen, Hongwei Zhao, Yuxing Liao, Eric J Jaehnig, Lauren K Somes, Paul W Shafer, Tobie D Lee, Zile Fu, Yongchao Dou, Zhiao Shi, Daming Gao, Valentina Hoyos, Qiang Gao, Bing Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Fewer than 200 proteins are targeted by cancer drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We integrate Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) proteogenomics data from 1,043 patients across 10 cancer types with additional public datasets to identify potential therapeutic targets. Pan-cancer analysis of 2,863 druggable proteins reveals a wide abundance range and identifies biological factors that affect mRNA-protein correlation. Integration of proteomic data from tumors and genetic screen data from cell lines identifies protein overexpression- or hyperactivation-driven druggable dependencies, enabling accurate predictions of effective drug targets. Proteogenomic identification of synthetic lethality provides a strategy to target tumor …

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Immune Modulation And Cecal Microbiome Changes In Broilers Fed With Fenugreek Seeds And Bacillus-Based Probiotics, Deependra Paneru, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Walter G. Bottje, Emmanuel Asiamah, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth, Md. Salahuddin, Jayant Lohakare Aug 2024

Immune Modulation And Cecal Microbiome Changes In Broilers Fed With Fenugreek Seeds And Bacillus-Based Probiotics, Deependra Paneru, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Walter G. Bottje, Emmanuel Asiamah, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth, Md. Salahuddin, Jayant Lohakare

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Intensive broiler production systems face challenges like enteric diseases, impacting global food security. Strategies to enhance broiler immunity and gut health, particularly amidst antibiotic growth promoter restrictions, are crucial. The present study investigated the combined effects of fenugreek seeds (FS) and Bacillus-based direct-fed microbials (DFM) on immune-related gene expression in the ileum and alteration of microbial population in the cecum of broiler. The study involved 160 Ross 308 broiler chicks, which were divided into four groups consisting of 5 replicates, each containing eight birds. The chicks were grown for a period of 42 d, during …

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Investigating The Impact Of Semaglutide On Hepatic Oxidative Stress In Obese Male Rats Induced By High-Fat Diet, Duha Haitham Mohammed Alzubaidy, Zahraa Jawad Kadhim Al-Isawi Aug 2024

Investigating The Impact Of Semaglutide On Hepatic Oxidative Stress In Obese Male Rats Induced By High-Fat Diet, Duha Haitham Mohammed Alzubaidy, Zahraa Jawad Kadhim Al-Isawi

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: The prevalence of obesity is on the rise, and with it comes the burden on healthcare systems due to the increased likelihood of complications such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, cancer, and many more. Obesity manifests in the body as an increase in adipose tissue and the production of harmful chemicals by fat cells. One of the pathological changes recorded in obesity is the excessive amount of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. An effective medication for oxidative stress and glucose metabolism regulation, including glucose variability is semaglutide. Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of semaglutide …

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Development Of Pork Meatballs Supplemented With Commercial Soluble Dietary Fibres And Mimic In Vitro Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Chonlada Srikamwang, Pirawan Chaiwan, Sarana Rose Sommano, Malaiporn Wongkaew Aug 2024

Development Of Pork Meatballs Supplemented With Commercial Soluble Dietary Fibres And Mimic In Vitro Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion, Chonlada Srikamwang, Pirawan Chaiwan, Sarana Rose Sommano, Malaiporn Wongkaew

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

This study investigated the effects of supplementing tapioca starch with commercially soluble dietary powder in meatballs to develop a low-glycaemic index (GI) food for people with high blood sugar levels. This work evaluates the physicochemical characteristics, texture profile analysis (TPA), proximate composition, and digestibility of carbohydrate in meatballs supplemented with commercial soluble dietary powder using 3x3 factorial completely randomised design. The physicochemical characteristics findings indicate that the colour values of GI meatballs, including L*, a*, and b*, ranged from 63.60 to 68.49, 1.52 to 3.05, and 13.86 to 16.56, respectively. The colour difference values of meatballs containing dietary fibre in …

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Determination Of Value Adding Macromolecules From Ok-Rong Mango Peel Biomass, Pirawan Chaiwan, Piyachat Sunanta, Cholada Srikawang, Shashanka K. Prasad, Sarana Rose Sommano Aug 2024

Determination Of Value Adding Macromolecules From Ok-Rong Mango Peel Biomass, Pirawan Chaiwan, Piyachat Sunanta, Cholada Srikawang, Shashanka K. Prasad, Sarana Rose Sommano

International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences

Mango is a significant economic fruit in Thailand, with an annual production of up to 500,000 tonnes. Ok-Rong is a popular mango type in Thailand, known for its higher price compared to other varieties. However, during the processing, biomass accounts for over 50% of the overall weight and causes a serious environmental problem. However, it has the potential to serve as a source of nutritional components, commonly used as additives in functional food. This study aimed to investigate the nutritional value of the peel, including proximate analysis, amino acid profile, and polysaccharide profile. The proximate analysis results indicate that the …

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Committing To Agency Independence, Nicholas Almendares Aug 2024

Committing To Agency Independence, Nicholas Almendares

Vanderbilt Law Review En Banc

No abstract provided.

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Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill Aug 2024

Relative Productivity And Persistense Of White Clover Cultivars Under Cutting Or Continuous Stocking By Sheep, D A. Davies, M Fothergill

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Perennial ryegrass-white clover (Lolium perenne-Trlfollium repens) swards of 3 clover cultivars were studied at a lowland (30 m) and upland (340 m) site in mid Wales over 3 years (1989-91). Lamb production from small-leaved Aberystwyth S 184 at 1021 kg/ha was 25% and 1191, more than from small-leaved Ac3351 and medium-leaved Grasslands Huia respectively. The relative lamb output from Huia was poorer at the upland location. Clover production, survival and morphology under a number of cutting heights and frequencies were different from those in the continuously stocked pastures. Cutting every 10 days at 2-3 cm resulted in poor clover and …

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Response To Defoliation Of Tall Fescue, H Tavakoli, J Hodgson, P D. Kemp Aug 2024

Response To Defoliation Of Tall Fescue, H Tavakoli, J Hodgson, P D. Kemp

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An experiment studying the behaviour of toll fescue (Fesutca anrundinacea Schreb,) was conducted under steady stale grazing on a sward dominated by this plant. The swards were grazed lo maintain a surface height of 30-40 mm (H), 50-60 mm (M) and 90-100 mm (L). These treatments were applied on swards with and without white clover (Trifolium repens L.) from November 1990 to April 1991. Results showed that leaf growth decreased as the severity of grazing increased. Tiller number was less under H grazing than under M or L grazing, but tiller size remained constant over time in this …

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Adaptation Of Sainfoin Cultivars And Lucerne To Water Stress, S R. Mir Hosseini, P D. Kemp, D J. Barker, J Hodgson Aug 2024

Adaptation Of Sainfoin Cultivars And Lucerne To Water Stress, S R. Mir Hosseini, P D. Kemp, D J. Barker, J Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is of particular interest as a pasture crop because it is a productive legume in dry areas but does not induce bloat in ruminant animals. In this study 3·sainfoin cultivars (Fakir, Melrose and 035) and l lucerne (Medicago saliva L.) cultivar Grasslands Oranga were compared during a drying phase when water was withheld once; flowering began. A randomised complete block design with 4 replicates' was used. Transpiration rate (Tr) declined as volumetric soil water content (VSWC) was reduced. Stomata! resistance (Rs) increased and relative ivater content (RWC) decreased when VSWC decreased. Critical VSWC for …

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Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach, J J. Mott, G K. Mckeon, K A. Day Aug 2024

Prediction Of Plant Mortality Under Grazing- A Conceptual Approach, J J. Mott, G K. Mckeon, K A. Day

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Based on the concept of biological thresholds, there is growing acceptance 0£ the importance o£ episodic events in the determination of rangeland condition trend. The variable rainfall occurring within Australian rangelands means that overstocking during droughts is a major cause of these Australian rangeland vegetation complexes exceeding these thresholds. Recently plant production models and simplistic estimates of the relationship between animal utilisation and plant mortality became available. Accurate estimates will be developed only with the incorporation of a sound mechanistic understanding of the relationship between utilisation of forage and plant mortality for different conditions of species and soils. Detailed studies …

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Peace And Justice Themes As Presented Within Select Works Of Children’S Literature, Jessica Marker Aug 2024

Peace And Justice Themes As Presented Within Select Works Of Children’S Literature, Jessica Marker

Capstone Collection

Children’s literature serves as a powerful tool for imparting moral lessons, generating dialog, and fostering critical consciousness. Given its role in promoting social values, this research study investigates how of peace and justice themes are reflected in the narrative elements and symbolic representations of the American Library Association's (ALA) Notable Children's Books for younger readers for the years 1994, 2009, and 2024. Rooted in constructivist theory, this study draws from critical theories, critical pedagogy, and peacebuilding theory, exploring how these themes and concepts are woven into children's literature. Through a comprehensive content analysis of 46 texts, this study finds a …

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Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Toxicity In Mice Is Dependent On Protein Corona Composition And Host Immunity, Yue-Ting Li, Kuo-Ching Mei, Revadee Liam-Or, Julie Tzu-Wen Wang, Farid N. Faruqu, Shengzhang Zhu, Yong-Lin Wang, Yuan Lu, Khuloud T. Al-Jamal Aug 2024

Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Toxicity In Mice Is Dependent On Protein Corona Composition And Host Immunity, Yue-Ting Li, Kuo-Ching Mei, Revadee Liam-Or, Julie Tzu-Wen Wang, Farid N. Faruqu, Shengzhang Zhu, Yong-Lin Wang, Yuan Lu, Khuloud T. Al-Jamal

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Two-dimension graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with high and low serum protein binding profiles (high/low hard-bound protein corona/HChigh/low) are used in this study as model materials and screening tools to investigate the underlying roles of the protein corona on nanomaterial toxicities in vivo. We proposed that the in vivo biocompatibility/nanotoxicity of GO is protein corona-dependent and host immunity-dependent. The hypothesis was tested by injecting HChigh/low GO nanosheets in immunocompetent ICR/CD1 and immunodeficient NOD-scid II2rγnull mice and performed histopathological and hematological evaluation studies on days 1 and 14 post-injection. HClow GO induced more severe acute lung injury compared to HChigh GO in …

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The Michigan Procedure: Mass Extraction From The Heart Facilitated By Onocor Global Embolic Protection Device, Hussam Al Hennawi, Shaurya Srivastava, Ahmad Abulshamat, Mohammed Qintar Aug 2024

The Michigan Procedure: Mass Extraction From The Heart Facilitated By Onocor Global Embolic Protection Device, Hussam Al Hennawi, Shaurya Srivastava, Ahmad Abulshamat, Mohammed Qintar

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Intracardiac masses present a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma and are associated with an increased risk of complications, such as embolic events and obstructive symptoms. We report a novel procedure using an ŌNŌCOR device through subclavian access that acted as a full-body protection device as well as a retrieval device.

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Raising Hope: A Preliminary Investigation Of Hope-Strengthening Parenting, Anna Sellers Calley Aug 2024

Raising Hope: A Preliminary Investigation Of Hope-Strengthening Parenting, Anna Sellers Calley

Theses and Dissertations

Hope Theory defines hope as a cognitive-motivational process of seeking and obtaining goals through agency thinking and pathway building, with substantive connection to many desirable outcomes. While hope is theorized to begin developing early in life, this assumption has never been empirically investigated. This is due to limitations in established hope measurement. There is an additional gap in the research surrounding the role of parents in the development of hope. In this study, I address each of these gaps by utilizing a novel measure of hope in early childhood and running a multiple linear regression model to investigate potential connections …

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Molecular Mechanisms Behind Methionine-Derived Glucosinolate Diversity In Brassica Plants, Vivian Kitainda Aug 2024

Molecular Mechanisms Behind Methionine-Derived Glucosinolate Diversity In Brassica Plants, Vivian Kitainda

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In Brassica plants, glucosinolates are a diverse class of natural products that serve as plant defense molecules. Their structural diversity comes from the use of amino acids as precursors and elongation of side chains by up to nine carbons, as well as further chemical modifications. Aliphatic methionine-derived glucosinolates are the most abundant form of these compounds. Although both elongation and chemical modification of amino acid sidechains are important for methionine-glucosinolate diversity, its elongation process has not been well described. The chain elongation enzyme methylthioalkylmalate synthase (MAMS) functions as the glucosinolate pathway gatekeeper through its substrate specificity. The x-ray crystal structure …

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Clinical Implementation Of Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion: Addressing Market Access Challenges, Morgan Lorio, Pierce Nunley, Joshua Heller, Bruce Mccormack, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Jon Block Aug 2024

Clinical Implementation Of Tissue-Sparing Posterior Cervical Fusion: Addressing Market Access Challenges, Morgan Lorio, Pierce Nunley, Joshua Heller, Bruce Mccormack, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Jon Block

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Background: The traditional open midline posterior cervical spine fusion procedure has several shortcomings. It can cause soft tissue damage, muscle atrophy, compromise of the lateral masses and painful prominent posterior cervical instrumentation or spinous process if there is dehiscence of the fascia. Additionally, patients frequently experience the rapid development of adjacent segment disease, which can result in the reemergence of debilitating pain and functional impairment. Clinical relevance: Tissue-sparing posterior cervical fusion is an alternative method for treating patients with symptomatic cervical degenerative disc disease. However, widespread clinical adoption has been challenged by ambiguity, misunderstandings and misinterpretations regarding appropriate procedural reimbursement …

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Constructing Death Worlds: Israel’S Occupation Of Palestine, Nichole S. Arel Aug 2024

Constructing Death Worlds: Israel’S Occupation Of Palestine, Nichole S. Arel

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Achille Mbembe’s seminal work Necropolitics explains how the ultimate power of sovereignty is not exercised as Michel Foucault asserts in his theory of biopower in life over death, but rather in relegating certain populations to deathworlds, a place between the living and the dead. For over half of a century, Israel has illegally occupied both the West Bank and Gaza and exerted almost total control over the territories. It controls infrastructure such as roads, building permits, and water rights while also regulating the freedom of movement of Palestinians within and outside the West Bank's borders in addition to various other …

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Stem-Loop And Circle-Loop Tads Generated By Directional Pairing Of Boundary Elements Have Distinct Physical And Regulatory Properties, Wenfan Ke, Miki Fujioka, Paul Schedl, James Jaynes Aug 2024

Stem-Loop And Circle-Loop Tads Generated By Directional Pairing Of Boundary Elements Have Distinct Physical And Regulatory Properties, Wenfan Ke, Miki Fujioka, Paul Schedl, James Jaynes

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The chromosomes in multicellular eukaryotes are organized into a series of topologically independent loops called TADs. In flies, TADs are formed by physical interactions between neighboring boundaries. Fly boundaries exhibit distinct partner preferences, and pairing interactions between boundaries are typically orientation-dependent. Pairing can be head-to-tail or head-to-head. The former generates a stem-loop TAD, while the latter gives a circle-loop TAD. The TAD that encompasses the Drosophila even skipped (eve) gene is formed by the head-to-tail pairing of the nhomie and homie boundaries. To explore the relationship between loop topology and the physical and regulatory landscape, we flanked the nhomie boundary …

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Marine Heatwaves’ Impacts On Marine Organisms, Nicholas Gosling Aug 2024

Marine Heatwaves’ Impacts On Marine Organisms, Nicholas Gosling

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

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Modular Approach To Soft Mobile Robots, Dimuthu Kodippili Arachchige Aug 2024

Modular Approach To Soft Mobile Robots, Dimuthu Kodippili Arachchige

College of Computing and Digital Media Dissertations

Soft robot locomotion is a highly promising but under-researched subfield within the field of soft robotics. The compliant limbs and bodies of soft robots offer numerous benefits, including the ability to regulate impacts, tolerate falls, and navigate through tight spaces. These robots have the potential to be used for various applications, such as search and rescue, inspection, surveillance, and more. The state-of-the-art still faces many challenges, including limited degrees of freedom, a lack of diversity in gait trajectories, insufficient limb dexterity, limited payload capabilities, lack of control methods, etc. To address these challenges, this research introduces a modular approach to …

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Knowledge Building Through Interdisciplinary Units, Jessica A. Deboer Aug 2024

Knowledge Building Through Interdisciplinary Units, Jessica A. Deboer

Masters Projects

Research demonstrates that developing a strong knowledge base is vitally important for students to demonstrate comprehension in reading. Comprehension strategies are an important skill to learn, but can only be utilized if a student has background knowledge of the subject. Schema theory supports the idea that knowledge is most effectively acquired through networks of prior knowledge built into the brain’s long term memory. The more vocabulary and concept knowledge a person has in their network of schemata the easier it is for them to connect and hold onto new information. An interdisciplinary curriculum can grow students' knowledge and their comprehension …

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Investigating Cloth Sculpting For Simulation Control In Virtual Reality, Matthew S. Bishop Aug 2024

Investigating Cloth Sculpting For Simulation Control In Virtual Reality, Matthew S. Bishop

Theses and Dissertations

Artists require control and predictability over physically based simulations to create their required animation. This control can lead to reduced iteration time to get the desired simulation results. Controlling cloth simulations can require manual effort to create goal keyframes for control algorithms to match. Current techniques and research utilize a keyboard and mouse to create these goal keyframes. Other research has looked at using a virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display with controllers to improve the experience of completing similar animation tasks. However, we are not aware of any research that attempts to use VR as a tool to assist artists …

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Pathophysiology In Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Focus On Endothelial Dysfunctions And Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition, Jae Yeong Jeong, Adrian E Bafor, Bridger H Freeman, Peng R Chen, Eun S Park, Eunhee Kim Aug 2024

Pathophysiology In Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Focus On Endothelial Dysfunctions And Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition, Jae Yeong Jeong, Adrian E Bafor, Bridger H Freeman, Peng R Chen, Eun S Park, Eunhee Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) substantially increase the risk for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the treatment options for bAVMs are severely limited, primarily relying on invasive methods that carry their own risks for intraoperative hemorrhage or even death. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical agents shown to treat this condition, primarily due to a poor understanding of bAVM pathophysiology. For the last decade, bAVM research has made significant advances, including the identification of novel genetic mutations and relevant signaling in bAVM development. However, bAVM pathophysiology is still largely unclear. Further investigation is required to …

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Genomic, Morphological And Physiological Data Support Fast Ecotypic Differentiation And Incipient Speciation In An Alpine Diving Beetle, Susana Pallares, Joaquin Ortego, Jose Antonio Carbonell, Eduardo Franco-Fuentes, David T. Bilton, Andres Millan, Pedro Abellan Aug 2024

Genomic, Morphological And Physiological Data Support Fast Ecotypic Differentiation And Incipient Speciation In An Alpine Diving Beetle, Susana Pallares, Joaquin Ortego, Jose Antonio Carbonell, Eduardo Franco-Fuentes, David T. Bilton, Andres Millan, Pedro Abellan

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

An intricate interplay between evolutionary and demographic processes has frequently resulted in complex patterns of genetic and phenotypic diversity in alpine lineages, posing serious challenges to species delimitation and biodiversity conservation planning. Here we integrate genomic data, geometric morphometric analyses and thermal tolerance experiments to explore the role of Pleistocene climatic changes and adaptation to alpine environments on patterns of genomic and phenotypic variation in diving beetles from the taxonomically complex Agabus bipustulatus species group. Genetic structure and phylogenomic analyses revealed the presence of three geographically cohesive lineages, two representing trans-Palearctic and Iberian populations of the elevation-generalist A. bipustulatus and …

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Discovering And Characterizing Conserved Anthelmintic Targets In The Early Parasitic Stages Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes, Hyeim Jung Aug 2024

Discovering And Characterizing Conserved Anthelmintic Targets In The Early Parasitic Stages Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes, Hyeim Jung

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) collectively infect 1.5 billion people, leading to mortality and various forms of morbidity in humans and hindering normal development in children. GINs also diminish the productivity of food animals, which are crucial for economic and nutritional well-being, particularly in developing countries. Currently, the world still primarily relies on only a few drug classes for global de-worming of GINs in humans and animals. However, the high rate of reinfection, disappointing treatment success rates, and increasing drug resistance make GINs one of the most important contributors to promoting and maintaining global poverty. This highlights the urgent need for more …

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Modern Building Structures Are A Landscape-Level Driver Of Bat–Human Exposure Risk In Kenya, Tamika Lunn, Reilly T. Jackson, Paul W. Webala, Joseph G. Ogola, Kristian M. Forbes Aug 2024

Modern Building Structures Are A Landscape-Level Driver Of Bat–Human Exposure Risk In Kenya, Tamika Lunn, Reilly T. Jackson, Paul W. Webala, Joseph G. Ogola, Kristian M. Forbes

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Identifying the locations and drivers of high-risk interfaces between humans and wildlife is crucial for managing zoonotic disease risk. We suggest that continent-wide improvements to residential housing in Africa are inadvertently creating artificial roosting habitat for synanthropic free-tailed bats (family Molossidae), and that improved buildings are a rapidly accelerating exposure interface that needs urgent research attention and investment. Along a residential gradient in rural southern Kenya, we mapped building use by free-tailed bats in 1109 buildings. We show that bats often roost in human-occupied buildings, with almost one-in-ten buildings exhibiting evidence of bat occupation (9.2%) and one-in-13 found to contain …

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Large Language Models Have Divergent Effects On Self-Perceptions Of Mind And The Attributes Considered Uniquely Human, Oliver L. Jacobs, Farid Pazhoohi, Alan Kingstone Aug 2024

Large Language Models Have Divergent Effects On Self-Perceptions Of Mind And The Attributes Considered Uniquely Human, Oliver L. Jacobs, Farid Pazhoohi, Alan Kingstone

School of Psychology

The rise of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) provides a compelling opportunity to investigate the consequences of anthropomorphism, particularly regarding how their exposure may influence the way individuals view themselves (self-perception) and other people (other-perception). Using a mind perception framework, we examined attributions of agency (the ability to do) and experience (the ability to feel). Participants evaluated their agentic and experiential capabilities and the extent to which these features are uniquely human before and after exposure to LLM responses. Post-exposure, participants increased evaluations of their agentic and experiential qualities while decreasing their perception that agency and experience are considered to …

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