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Energy Balance Studies With Lactating Cows Fed Fresh Or Frozen Grass From Pasture Suitable For Grazing, Y Van Der Honing, A.J H. Van Es

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Information on feeding value and energy utilization of grass consumed by grazing cattle, especially lactating cows, is limited. It is nearly impossible to perform calorimetric studies with grazing dairy cows. Similar studies indoors often show low intakes of fresh grass and require much labor. Still, in much of the world, cattle graze at least half the year; therefore, knowledge of the feeding value of grass is important for practice. In the Netherlands, each year (1973-1974) each of four permanent pastures in the grazing stage of maturity was cut twice daily and either fed fresh or stored at - 20°C to …

Seasonal Changes In Botanical And Chemical Composition And Digestibility Of Diets Of Large Herbivores On Shortgrass Prairie, G M. Van Dyne, J D. Hanson, R C. Jump

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Studies were conducted from 1969 through 1974 on northeastern Colorado shortgrass prairie during different grazing seasons and under different grazing intensities to evaluate bison, cattle, sheep, and pronghorn antelope diets. The purpose was to ex­amine seasonal changes in chemical and botanical composition and digestibility of diets of large herbivores. Bison, cattle, and sheep diets were obtained from esophageal fistula samples. Fistula samples were analyzed microscopically to determine botanical composition. Pronghorn antelope diets were obtained by bite-count methodology. Data, presented for im­portant plant species and species groups, were averaged for 28-day intervals to show typical seasonal trends in diets. During all …

Cattle Preference And Plant Selection Within A Hybrid Grass, P O. Currie, R S. White, K H. Asay

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Recent development of hybrid forage grasses shows promise for advancing grassland agriculture. Previous selections within these hybrids have been based on morphological, reproductive, and adaptive attributes with only limited testing of animal ac• ceptability. Testing of animal preference and selectivity was the primary purpose of the present study. Yearling cattle were tamed and observed for their selectivity in grazing individual plants and genetic lines of F6 crosses between quackgrass (Agropyron repens) x bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum). Animals showed definite preference for individual plants within genetic lines and for different genetic lines. Different animals frequently preferred the same plant or lines …

Combination Range-Pasture Management In South Florida For A Low-Energy Grassland Program, L L. Yarlett

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The semitropical environment of south Florida is favorable for coordinated management of a wide variety of native grass species and improved pasture forages. The decade of the 1980s will emphasize change from forage programs of high energy utilization to those with a low requirement of fossil fuels. For 4 decades, grassland management in south Florida has been primarily pasture establishment created from the rangeland resource. The establishment and management required substantial inputs of fossil fuel. Use and management of rangeland was largely neglected. Ecological concepts as a basis for managing semitropical ranges were not accepted. In recent years practical programs …

Forage Intake Of Cattle As Affected By Grazing Pressure, C D. Allison, M M. Kothmann, L R. Rittenhouse

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A series of trials was conducted in 1977 to determine the effect of level of grazing pressure on organic-matter intake and the relationship between intake and forage disappearance. Levels of grazing pressure studied were 10, 20, 40, and 50 kg forage allowed/animal unit/day (kg/AU/day) for 14-day trials in April, July, and September. A standing crop of forage was measured before, in the middle of, and immediately after each trial. Organic-matter intake was estimated by the fecal output: indigestibility ratio technique. Organic-matter intake was highest in April; cattle also consumed Dlore forage in September than in July. The combination of forage …

Effect Of Herbage Mass And Allowance Upon Herbage Intake By Grazing Dairy Cows, J.A C. Meijs

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An adequate supply of nutrients for grazing animals depends on the intake and nutritive value of herbage. Little information is available on factors affecting herbage intake of grazing cows, particularly for grazing systems that do not involve daily change of animals to a new pasture. Our objectives were to determine the effects of variation in herbage mass ( due to variation in stage of maturity) and of herbage allowance on herbage intake by grazing dairy cows and on efficiency of consumption (herbage con­sumed as a proportion of herbage accumulated). From 1976 to 1979 the herbage intake oflactating cows was determined …

Relation Of Animal Production To Stocking Rate On Cultivated Pastures In Cerrados Areas Of Brazil, C J. Escuder

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The relationships among stocking rate, gain/animal, and gain/ha were compared on six grazed pastures. The experiment was established on an oxisol acrustox in Brazil. The pasture consisted of (1) jaraguagrass (J); (2) jaraguagrass plus legumes (J + L); (3) molassesgrass (M); (4) molassesgrass plus legumes (M + L); (5) pangolagrass (P); (6) Pangolagrass plus legumes (P + L); (7) mixture of grasses (jaragua, molasses, and pangola) plus legumes (JMP + L). Pasture of pangolagrass alone was discarded because of poor establishment. Four stocking rates were applied on each pasture, from 1.0 to 3.4 animals/ha. For all pastures, gains/animal decreased linearly …

Harvesting And Processing Effects On Alfalfa Protein Utilization By Ruminants, R Britton, D Rock, T Klopfenstein, J Ward, J Merrill

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an efficient and important means of producing supplemental protein for ruminants. This research was undertaken to characterize the value of alfalfa protein for ruminants and to show how the protein is affected by different harvesting or processing regimens. The effects of maturity (prebloom, one-tenth, one half, and full bloom) and processing method (freeze dried [FD], sun cured [SC], and oven heated [HJ), on percentage of nitrogen (N), acid detergent insoluble N (ADIN), in-vitro rumen ammonia release (NH3), and in-situ rumen protein degradation, using dacron bags (BAG), were studied on irrigated alfalfa harvested over 2 years. …

Improving Hay Quality By Ammoniation, K J. Moore, V L. Lechtenberg, K S. Hendrix, J M. Hertel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of hay ammoniation on hay consumption and weight gain by steers when the hay was fed unsupplemented and supplemented with energy and protein. Mature orchardgrass (Dacrylis glomerata L.) hay was baled in early June 1979 and treated with anhydrous ammonia at 30 g/kg of hay. Seven weeks after treatment the hay was uncovered and allowed to aerate for 3 days. It was then fed to weanling steer calves weighing approximately 225 kg each. Similar hay baled from the same field but not ammoniated was fed to separate groups of steers. Both the treated …

Effect Of Solvent Treatments On Intake And Digestibility Of Corn Stover, D M. Schaefer, M R. Ladisch, C H. Noller, V L. Lechtenberg

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Treatment of crop residues with low levels of sodium hydroxide has been shown to improve organic-matter digestibility and animal performance. One objective of these experiments was to evaluate the effects of three treatments -water, sodium hydrox­ide, and chelating metal cellulose-swelling solution-on solubilization of cell-wall components in corn (Zea m£rys) stover. The two latter treatments were balanced for level of sodium hydroxide application, which was .3 .2 % of stover dry matter. The second objective was to determine the effects of these treatments on in-vitro and in-vivo digestibility as well as on consumption of corn stover. Twelve growing ram lambs were …

Equine-Assisted Therapy For Dementia: A Pilot Rct On Standardizing Sessions To Improve Cognition, Mood, And Quality Of Life, Madeline Alford, Maria Dos Prazeres Da Silva Gonçalves Dr., Maria Manuela Da Silva Leite Dr.

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating equine-assisted therapy (EAT) into memory workshops for older adults with mild to moderate dementia. EAT is hypothesized to enhance cognitive function, promote physical activity, and improve mood through multisensory experiences. To ensure consistency and replicability, a standardized 8-session cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) protocol was developed, structuring interventions across cognitive, emotional, and motor domains.

Methods: A 3-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials .gov: NCT06662578) was conducted with 36 older adults diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: equine-assisted therapy workshop (EATW), traditional …

Effects Of A Complexity-Based Approach For Treatment Of Be Verbs In Children With Developmental Language Disorder: A Single-Case Design, Megan Shawnee Rowe

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine whether a complexity-based treatment approach improves the production of BE verb structures in a child with developmental language disorder (DLD). One school-age child with morphosyntactic deficits participated in a single-case AB experimental design. Treatment targeted a complex structure (auxiliary BE questions), and performance was measured using experimental probes, a narrative language sample, and the Test of Early Grammatical Impairment (TEGI). Results indicate a functional relationship between treatment and increased accuracy of the treated structure, with a medium effect size (τ = .695, p = .019). In addition, the participant demonstrated generalization to …

Evaluating C-Band Scatterometer Images For Estimating Deforestation In The Amazon Rainforest, Alex Mcbride

Theses and Dissertations

Satellite-based active microwave sensors have been successfully employed for a wide range of vegetation and soil studies. Spaceborne microwave instruments have proven particularly useful for wide-scale monitoring of the vegetation, especially under conditions that limit the effectiveness of high-resolution optical sensors. Satellite scatterometry can be used to detect and model deforestation in the Amazon rainforest by correlating changes in the C-band backscatter data to observed changes in vegetation coverage. The exploratory methodology developed in this paper applies the longest continuous microwave satellite record to the problem of deforestation. The backscatter measurements taken by the ERS and ASCAT missions provide more …

“What Was Man Created For?”: Socialist Visions Of The Future In William Morris's News From Nowhere And Andrey Platonov’S Chevengur, Jasper Digennaro-Willcox

Lawrence University Honors Projects

This paper aims to expand on the various theories of socialist utopianism first put forward by Hegel and Marx, and later expanded by Frederic Jameson, through a comparative analysis of William Morris’s News from Nowhere (1890) and Andrey Platonov’s Chevengur (1928). While Morris presents a coherent and optimistic vision of a post-capitalist society, where labor, art, and daily life are harmoniously integrated, Platonov’s destabilizes this vision, depicting a fragmented and ambiguous utopia shaped by revolutionary upheaval and competing philosophical influences. These two polarities of what the utopian novel can look like have both been underappreciated and misunderstood for very different …

Lubricating Abilities Of Choline Amino Acid Protic Ionic Liquids Under High Temperature And Electrified Conditions, Esmond Lau

Theses

This work explores the tribological properties of choline amino acid protic ionic liquids (PILs) as environmentally friendly lubricants under high temperatures and electrified conditions. These conditions are found in the automotive sector, notably in internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). Lubrication technologies are vital to improving the efficiency and operating lifetime of moving components in automotive drivetrains. The use of ionic liquids (ILs) is actively being researched, with ongoing exploration of their lubricating potential and unique physicochemical characteristics. Compared to traditional petroleum-based lubricants, ILs’ ability to thrive in these conditions will offer substantial benefits, immediately extend operational …

High Mobility Group Motif Proteins’ Role In Fibrosis, Inflammation, And Vascular Injury In Systemic Sclerosis, Fabian A. Mendoza, Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez, Sergio A. Jimenez

Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine Papers and Presentations

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive cutaneous and systemic fibrosis, severe vasculopathy, and multiple humoral and cellular immunological alterations. The pathogenesis of SSc is highly complex and remains incompletely elucidated. The fibrotic process is a crucial component of SSc and is responsible for organ failure and high mortality. Although an increasing understanding of the fibrotic process has enabled the clinical development of antifibrotic therapeutic agents, these agents have limited clinical efficacy. Recently, the potential role of a group of transcription factors containing a High Mobility Group (HMG) motif, in the development and pathological manifestations …

Lesson 1. Makhózula Etáŋhaŋ Wiyútapi Ke: Tomato Journey From Tiny Seed To My Plate, Rachel Pastrana, Madhav P. Nepal

iLEARN Teaching Resources

In this engaging kindergarten food systems lesson, students become “Plant Parents” as they follow the remarkable journey of a tomato from a tiny seed to food on their plate. Through storytelling, observation, movement, and hands-on plant care, students explore how sunlight, water, and soil work together to support plant growth. Using the Lakota concepts of Makhózula (Abundant Land), Wopila (Gratitude), and Mitákuye Oyás’iŋ (We Are All Related), students learn that food is a gift made possible by the cooperation of people, plants, animals, and natural resources. Students observe and care for tomato seedlings, participate in outdoor exploration activities, and create …

Lesson 2. The Soil Doctors: Healthy Vs. Thirsty Soil Detectives, Rachel Pastrana, Madhav P. Nepal

iLEARN Teaching Resources

In this lesson, Kindergarten students in Norris, South Dakota, become "Soil Detectives" to investigate the health of Maka (the Earth). By using their hands to touch, squeeze, and compare local schoolyard soil, students learn to identify Maka Wasté (Healthy Soil) and Maka Puza (Thirsty Soil). This lesson utilizes communal storytelling and Lakota terminology to ground scientific inquiry in local Indigenous knowledge and South Dakota land history. Students apply Regenerative Agriculture principles by providing a "cure" protecting the soil with a natural blanket—and conclude with a Wóglaka (Reflection Circle) to share their experiences as young stewards of the land.

Lesson 3. Sky Explorers: The Rhythm Of The Moon And My Garden, Rachel Pastrana, Madhav P. Nepal

iLEARN Teaching Resources

In this kindergarten lesson, students become "Sky Explorers" as they investigate the patterns and rhythms of the Sun, Moon, and Earth. Through storytelling, movement activities, Oreo Moon modeling, outdoor observations, and hands-on exploration, students learn how Earth's rotation creates day and night and how the Moon changes appearance through predictable phases. Students explore the Lakota concepts of Wí (Sun), Haŋwí (Moon), and Mitákuye Oyás'iŋ (We Are All Related) while making connections between natural cycles, food systems, and plant growth. Students discover how people have long observed the Moon as a natural calendar and how farmers and gardeners use seasonal patterns …

Long Term Evaluation Of The Safety And Efficacy Of Local Cooling Anesthesia During Intravitreal Injections: The Cool-2 Trial, Arshad M. Khanani, Samir N. Patel, Charles C. Wykoff, Gun-Ho Kim, Ajay E. Kuriyan

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a medical device providing cooling anesthesia to the eye as local anesthesia for intravitreal (IVT) injections.

SUBJECTS/METHODS: As a multicenter, open label, dose escalation clinical trial, subjects receiving at least 3 IVT injections in the study eye were recruited to participate. All patients received subconjunctival lidocaine as their anesthesia for previous IVT injections. Subjects receiving IVT injections were assigned (non-randomized) to four groups in which the cooling device was applied to the conjunctiva at the location of the intravitreal injection: Group 1: -10˚C for 20 seconds; Group 2: -15˚C for 10 seconds; …

Forced Dependency: The Subjugation Of Women Through Medicine In Ancient Greece And Rome, Evelyn J. Polovich

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

In the ancient Mediterranean men were in charge of every facet of life, including women’s medicine. They forced women out of the oversight of gynecology and reformed it into a method of control that they could assert in order to force women into a position of submission. This paper aims to bring the ways in which ancient medicine was influenced by cultural ideas and worked to subjugate women and allow men to gain further control over their autonomy. This research was inspired by the works of ancient physicians like Hippocrates, Soranus, and Galen, as well as contemporary sources that critique …

Research And Innovation Update, June 10, 2026, Office Of The Vice President For Research And Innovation

Office of Research, Economic Engagement and Outreach

No abstract provided.

Wira Assoc. V. Tapper

All Decisions

In this nonpayment proceeding, the court granted tenant's motion for summary judgment on the affirmative defense that landlord was barred from collecting rent pursuant to MDL §§301 and 302. Tenant established, without opposition, that the Department of Buildings had issued at least twelve open violations for occupancy contrary to the building's certificate of occupancy. Pursuant to Chazon, LLC v Maugeneset, 19 NY3d 410 (2012), such violations are prima facie evidence of noncompliance, and the absence of compliance precludes landlord from maintaining a nonpayment proceeding.

Immune Suppression And Metabolic Reprogramming In Bactrocera Dorsalis Parasitized By Fopius Arisanus, Rehemah Gwokyalya, Jeremy Herren, Thomas Ogao Onchuru, Sahadatou Mama Sambo, Cassandra Purity Ronnie, Ndlela Shepard, Sunday Ekesi, Samira A. Mohamed

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Abstract – Bactrocera dorsalis is a major horticultural pest. Biocontrol using parasitoids, such as Fopius arisanus, is a sustainable tool for managing this pest. However, the mechanisms enabling the successful parasitism of B. dorsalis are poorly understood. Using transcriptomic profiling, cellular bioassays, and targeted metabolite analyses, we investigated how F. arisanus modulates the immunity and metabolic activity of B. dorsalis to achieve a high parasitism rate. Our results revealed a weak and late encapsulation response of B. dorsalis towards F. arisanus. Additionally, parasitism reduced the number of circulating haemocytes by 35%, lowered constitutive granulocyte counts and inhibited phenoloxidase activity in …

Drawing As Continuance: What Insists On Being Heard, Darlene St. Georges

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

This article extends She-Hero through an inquiry into drawing as a creation-centred practice of continuance. Five drawings are engaged as aesthetic encounters through which relational and perceptual shifts become perceptible, allowing inner authority to emerge as a cultivated capacity to remain responsive to what is unfolding. Drawing is approached as a site of metramorphic reconfiguration where imagination, memory, and embodied sensing participate in the decolonizing of perceptual habits and the restoration of relational ways of knowing.

The Verge, Reconsidered: Love, Salt, Seed, Time, Origin, Interweave––Triptychs In Conversation Across Time, Marna Hauk

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

Sparked particularly by the poetic and the emergent data conversation analysis from an earlier Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal article (Hauk & Kippen, 2020) piece, which discussed data from 2016, the author creates a contemporary “conversation” from visual and poetic material, in 2026, and imagines forward a further 10 years to 2036. The three-plated visual-poetic artworkings speak also back and forth across the verges of spacetimemattering, riding the dip and wave, tide and weave, of deeper time and meaning sensing, with visual and poetic material. The original article proposed collaborative workings with other researchers. This work imagines the artworkings and …

Teaching The Eye To Slow Down: Attentive Noticing As Ecological Practice, Sara Ko

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

This visual essay unfolds through acts of careful noticing. Drawing from materials encountered through repeated walks across forested landscapes on Vancouver Island, it translates moss, soil, plant matter, and animal traces into immersive digital environments. Working through atmosphere, texture, and shifting forms rather than fixed representation, the project explores how perception is shaped by time spent with what is often overlooked. Digital processes are used not to stabilize or explain, but to hold uncertainty, fragility, and partial presence. The work invites readers to slow their looking and consider how learning, relation, and meaning can emerge through sustained attention.

Moving Forward: The Pulse Of Arts-Centred Research [Editorial], Darlene St. Georges

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

Editorial

About The Cover Art: Pulsing Renewal, Darlene St. Georges

Artizein: Arts and Teaching Journal

“Pulsing Renewal,” featured on the cover of this issue, is part of River’s Invocations, a creation-centred inquiry exploring River's ecologies, relationality, and creation. The painting was chosen for its close affinity with the issue theme, The Pulse of Arts-Centred Research. The visual language of Pulsing Renewal—its movement, rhythm, and emergence—echoes the vitality, responsiveness, and ongoing renewal evident across the articles, artworks, and conversations assembled in this volume. The work is presented here as a thematic point of entry into the diverse inquiries that follow.

Immunoinformatic Based Development Of A Multi-Epitope Precision Vaccine Targeting Glycoprotein And Rdrp Of Oropouche Virus: An Innovative Approach To Counter Emerging Public Health Threats, Mohammed Alissa, Muhammad Suleman

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To design high immunogenic vaccine against the Oropouche virus (OROV). The OROV is a neglected arbovirus endemic to Central and South America, causes oropouche fever, which can progress to severe complications such as meningitis and hemorrhagic symptoms.

Methods: We utilized immunoinformatic and molecular dynamic simulation approaches to design highly immunogenic vaccines against OROV. This observational study, carried out between January and August 2024 in Saudi Arabia. As it involves an in-silico method, ethical consent was not required.

Results: Docking analysis confirmed the stable interaction of the designed vaccines with human toll-like receptors (TLR)-3, producing binding scores of –300.78, –306.19, …