Digital Commons Network^™

Molecular Identification And Phylogenetic Analysis Of Hydra Vulgaris From Greater Zab River, Iraq, Shwan Khursheed Bashê

Baghdad Science Journal

No genomic data for Hydra vulgaris was recorded in Iraq. DNA barcoding is a modern technique used for accurate identification that is more important than previous studies utilizing morphology characters. This study aims to investigate the identification of H. vulgaris based on genomic analysis using the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and construct a phylogenetic tree as the first study in Iraq. In our current investigation, we found species of Hydra from the Greater Zab River during June–July 2022, with average Water temperatures (25.1–29.6°C), Hydrogen potential (pH) 7.5–7.8, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 6.3–7 mg/l. As a result, …

Hexavalent Chromium (Vi) Removal Efficiency From Petroleum Refinery Effluent Using Hybrid Constructed Wetlands Planted With Arundo Donax L. In Erbil, Iraq, Dilshad Ganjo Ahmad Ganjo

Baghdad Science Journal

This work assessed the efficacy of A. donax L. (giant reed) in outdoor hybrid-built wetland (HCW) experiments for the removal of the Cr (VI), from KCPS refinery effluents (32 km southwest of Erbil, Iraq). Results showed that A. donax L. macrophyte experienced an excellent adaptation and tolerance of the highly polluted effluent by Cr (VI), based on their significant biomass output and perfect survival rate over the entire 91-day experiment. The Cr (VI) concentrations taken from the outlet samples of HCWs (planted with A. donax L.) ranged from (0.04 to 0.12 mg/l), with a mean value of (0.07 ± …

Thermal Simulation For Ultrafast Laser In Multilayered Sample For Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording Application, Haidar J. Mohamad, Basaad Hadi Hamza

Baghdad Science Journal

Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) is a promising step in expanding hard disk capacity. This technique depends on the ultrafast laser to demagnetize the layer and record the data on a hard disk or any storage media. However, the recipe for the layers is challenging and gives a space to explore. The investigation of the effects of temperature profile and thermal gradient on the suggested sample FePt (8 nm)/MgO (8 nm)/SiO₂ (58 nm)/Si (9.32 E-7 m) for HAMR use was the focus of this study. The simulation of the multilayered gives a view of ultrafast laser behavior (power density 1.7923 …

Effect Of Surface Stress On Love Wave Propagation In A Rotating Initially Stressed Orthotropic Elastic Solid Half-Space With Impedance Boundary Conditions, Somaiah Kamidi, Venkateswara Rao Burugu, Srinivas Remidi

Baghdad Science Journal

This article aims to investigate the effect of material surface stress on the propagation of Love waves in a rotating, homogeneous, initially stressed orthotropic elastic solid with impedance-type boundary conditions. For deriving Love waves, the basic equations are solved with the help of the traditional wave solution method. Secular equations about Love waves are computed as a function of surface stress, rotation, and initial stress. The effects of initial compression and surface stress have been discussed numerically using MATLAB for a particular model.

Combining The Least-Squares Method With Touchard Polynomials For Solving Mixed Integro-Differential Equation, Hameeda O. Al-Humedi, Zahraa Adnan Jameel

Baghdad Science Journal

Using the well-known least-squares weighted residual method (LSM) in coupling with various degrees of Touchard polynomials (TPs), found the numerical solutions of Volterra–Fredholm integro-differential equations (VFIDEs) and mixed Volterra–Fredholm integro-differential equations (MIDEs) of the second kind. There exist many approaches that have evaluated the approximate solution of the integro-differential equations (VFIDEs (MIDEs)) like the Adomian decomposition method and modified Adomian decomposition method, Homotopy analysis method, Taylor polynomials, power series expansion and cubic Legendre spline collocation method. In this work, we presented a method based on combining LSM with TPs is an essential component of the suggested approach. By implementing such …

The Effects Of Sleep Restriction And Time Of Day On Food-Specific Impulsivity, Approach-Avoidance Bias And Delay Discounting, Naomi Kakoschke, David L. Dickinson, Sean P. A. Drummond

ESI Publications

Background:

Insufficient sleep and circadian timing are both linked with obesity, primarily via unhealthy food choice, yet the cognitive mechanisms underpinning such relationships remain unclear.

Methods:

Across two studies, we implemented an ecologically valid within-subjects at-home protocol. Study 1 (n = 118) involved a within-subjects examination of how sleep restriction (SR) versus well-rested (WR) sleep levels affect choices in a food-based approach-avoidance task (AAT) and go–no/go (GNG) task, a food liking task, a food-choice task, a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), and a monetary choice task. Study 2 (n = 119) involved examining choices in the same set of …

Primary Mouse Choroidal Endothelial Cell Culture, Qiuhua Yang, Yongfeng Cai, Qian Ma, Yuqing Huo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The study of choroidal endothelial cells is essential for understanding the pathological mechanisms underlying choroidal neovascularization and other vision-threatening disorders. Traditional methods for isolating and culturing primary endothelial cells often yield mixed populations or require specialized equipment, limiting their widespread use. Here, we present a straightforward protocol for isolating and culturing primary mouse choroidal endothelial cells. This protocol involves enzymatic digestion of choroidal tissue, magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) to enrich CD31+ endothelial cells, and optimized culture conditions to promote cell proliferation and maintain endothelial phenotype. The protocol is strategic, reproducible, and requires minimal specialized equipment, making it accessible for researchers …

Elucidating Brain Transport Pathways And Cell Type-Dependent Gene Silencing Of A Durable Lipid-Sirna Conjugate Administered Into Cerebrospinal Fluid, Alexander G Sorets, Kathleen M Schoch, Timothy M Miller, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The clinical neurosciences are in the midst of a renaissance spurred by the development of new therapeutic modalities. Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), in particular, are gaining interest for treating neurological diseases owing to their capacity to sustain inhibition of nearly any gene target. However, to be effective, siRNA therapies must achieve delivery and on-target gene silencing activity in specific sites and cells in the brain. To this end, we developed a lipid-siRNA conjugate (L2-siRNA) that transports effectively throughout the brain when injected into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We provide a detailed examination of regional bulk tissue gene silencing in mice, highlighting …

Assessment Of Awareness And Integration Of Industry 4.0 Technologies To Enhance Construction H&S Site Operation In South Africa, Iruka C. Anugwo, Utsile Nzungeni

CIB Conferences

The study focused on establishing an alternative to the traditional methods of mitigating construction accidents by exploring the usage of technology to monitor the movement of workers and construction equipment with the hopes of avoiding an accident before it occurs. Construction accidents is a topic that has been thoroughly investigated in the construction industry for several decades as the industry has been plagued with fatalities and injuries throughout its history however, the high number of accidents is persisting. The Eastern Cape region is no exception with high numbers of accidents that have a high cost of accidents. This research was …

Influence Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles And Unmanned Ground Vehicles On Workers Hazard Recognition Performance, Seoyoung Cheon, Abdullahi Ibrahim, Jia Xu, Xi Wang, Chukwuma Nnaji

CIB Conferences

As the construction industry evolves into a smart construction paradigm, the integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) signifies a pivotal shift towards automation and intelligent environments. This study investigates the impact of robotic integration on workers' hazard recognition performance (HRP) using an innovative virtual reality (VR) platform. Participants engaged in a controlled VR-based work-at-height scenario, allowing for the assessment of their hazard identification abilities in environments with and without UAVs and UGVs. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant 32% reduction in HRP when UAVs and UGVs were present, emphasizing the potential cognitive challenges and distractions associated …

Corporate Social Responsibility Assumed By Chinese International Construction Companies: Heterogeneities, Causes, And Evaluation, Hui Guo, Weisheng Lu

CIB Conferences

Chinese international construction companies (CICCs) are appearing as a major competitive force in the international market. However, there are limited studies exploring their corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices, which is, in fact, essential for informing CSR strategies. This research thus aims to explore CSR assumed by CICCs. Based on the coding instrument applied from CASS-CSR 4.0 (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences-Guidelines on CSR Reporting), a content analysis of 174 CSR reports of 22 CICCs from 2010 to 2019 was employed to undertake a candid evaluation of CICCs’ CSR practices. It found an enriching trend of CSR assumed by CICCs in …

Wui Ready: A Serious Game For Promoting The Adoption Of A Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Hazard Mitigation Methodology, Daniel Paes, Zhenan Feng, Tianqi Huang, Fei Ying, Xilei Zhao, Max Kinateder, E.R. (Lisa) Langer, Ruggiero Lovreglio

CIB Conferences

The rising frequency and intensity of wildfires, particularly in wildland-urban interface communities, pose significant risks to residents. To address this, research and government organizations have developed wildfire hazard mitigation strategies. However, effective implementation requires residents to have adequate knowledge about such strategies. Serious games (i.e., designed for learning and training, not just entertainment) offer a promising and effective approach to educating communities about natural hazard mitigation. This paper presents the preliminary results of a research project focused on developing and evaluating a web-based serious game designed to educate residents about wildfire hazards and associated mitigation strategies, thereby enhancing their preparedness …

Ai Tools In Project Practice (Design Process, Platforms, Open Building), Sergey Rybakov, Aleksandra Shibaeva

CIB Conferences

The article provides an overview the application of AI-practices in the architectural and design practice (narrow AI/ANI’s). Various directions of introducing these tools into the process (from generative design to reinforced collaborative systems & AI-actors) are considered. The main emphasis is on two aspects: application of AI to ensure the Open Building Implementation concept (within the framework of open construction). How to open buildings ideas react on these practices. How open systems can be complemented with these tools. How the OB-principles (modularity, “openness” itself, users-inhabitants design decisions making & designing process with multiple participants ets.) may change when applying AI-ideas. …

Critical Review Of Biodiversity Criteria In Sustainable Real Estate Finance, Maria Holopainen, Inari Virkkala, Antti Kinnunen, Seppo Junnila Professor

CIB Conferences

The speed of global biodiversity loss has highlighted the urgency of directing more capital into nature-positive investments. Subsequently, green real estate finance has an important role to play in filling this finance gap. Against this backdrop, the paper employs a case study methodology to critically review the harmonies and disparities between two alternative approaches to incorporate biodiversity in the building sector: the EU Taxonomy, representing a regulatory “top-down” push for minimum standards, and the “Biodiversity Building” concept which portrays an industry-driven “bottom-up” approach aimed at ecological regenerativity. The analysis reveals some fundamental differences between the scope, content, and applicability of …

Rainwater Harvesting In Residential Building Located In Brazilian Unesco World Heritage City, Alberto C. Lordsleem Jr., Everton G M Silva, Micaella R F Moura

CIB Conferences

Ensure access to water and sanitation is one of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to promote human health and well-being. Improving water-use efficiency is one key to reducing water stress due to rapid population growth, urbanization and increasing water needs from agriculture, industry, and energy sectors. This phenomenon is observed in less affluent regions and also in major urban centers, such as Olinda, a coastal city located in the northeast region of Brazil, where water supply issues are frequent, even in a city designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This paper present an alternative for better …

Machine Learning Techniques To Forecast Fatal Accidents On Construction Sites In Brazil, Filipe Dos Santos Freitas, Mirian Caroline Farias Santos, Roseneia Rodrigues Santos Melo, Paulo Henrique Ferreira, Dayana Bastos Costa

CIB Conferences

Global estimates indicate that the construction industry has one of the highest rates of occupational accidents. Given this scenario, the sector has adopted emergent technologies to improve safety conditions and decision-making. Thus, machine learning (ML) emerges as a promising tool to streamline data analysis besides being used to predict events based on datasets. In construction, the use of the ML model to predict site accidents remains emerging without studies using historical data from emerging South and Latin American countries. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a prediction model using machine learning for fatal accidents using historical data from construction. The …

Integrating Nature Into Norms: Evaluating Biophilic Design Attributes In Building Rating Systems, Hoda Alemrajabi, Ruichuan Zhang, Tanyel Bulbul, Annie Pearce

CIB Conferences

This paper examines the integration of biophilic design attributes within building rating systems. Biophilic design, which emphasizes human connections to the natural environment through the use of natural elements in architectural and landscape design, has been increasingly recognized for its positive effects on human well-being and environmental sustainability. Despite its growing popularity, the extent to which biophilic design principles are incorporated into existing building rating systems remains unclear. To address this gap, our study systematically reviews 29 prominent building rating systems worldwide, identifying and categorizing credits that align with biophilic design attributes, such as sunlight, natural shapes, and water. Through …

Enhancing The Practice Of Sustainable Construction Materials In The Construction Industry Of Developing Countries, Henok Asfaw Hailu Dr

CIB Conferences

Globally, the utilization of sustainable construction materials has recently gained more attention. However, this practice faces different barriers in developing countries, where economic constraints, rapid urbanization, and other issues often complicate the adoption of sustainable practices. The study aimed to explore the key drivers, facilitators, and barriers to the practice of sustainable construction materials in the construction industry of developing countries. For this, a systematic literature review was preferred to identify relevant studies in the study area. After screening with inclusion/exclusion criteria, 22 publications were selected for further analysis. A thematic analysis was employed to explore the differentdrivers, facilitators, and …

Exploring Camel Hair: A Sustainable Local Material For Architectural Applications In Saudi Arabia, Laila Alqahtani, Basma Shaheen

CIB Conferences

This research explores the potential of camel hair as a sustainable architectural material, emphasizing its applications in air purification, thermal insulation, and aesthetic facade treatments. Camel hair, an abundant yet underutilized byproduct in Saudi Arabia, possesses unique physical and chemical properties, including excellent thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, durability, and biodegradability. These attributes position it as a viable alternative to conventional materials, particularly in arid climates.

The study draws on experimental data, including patented filtration systems, to evaluate camel hair’s performance in architectural contexts. Comparative analysis highlights its advantages over other animal-derived materials, such as wool, leather, and bone, in terms …

Bridging Conflicting Sustainable Goals: Ai-Empowered Analysis Of Biodiversity Commitments And Impacts In Renewable Energy Projects, Xinyi Xu, Jin Xue

CIB Conferences

The development of renewable energy projects, while essential for mitigating climate change, poses significant challenges to biodiversity conservation due to habitat loss, fragmentation, and species displacement. Aligning these projects with global sustainability goals, such as SDG 15, requires addressing the often-overlooked gap between biodiversity commitments and actual impacts.

To tackle this challenge, a conceptual framework is proposed in this study that illustrates the relationship between biodiversity commitments and impacts through four hierarchical levels. The framework distinguishes between predicted and actual impacts, as well as compliance-driven and proactive commitments. It incorporates alternative data sources, such as compliance documents, ESG reports, and …