Digital Commons Network^™

Loss Of The Maternal Effect Gene Nlrp2 Impairs Embryonic And Extra-Embryonic Development, Revealing A Novel Genetic Cause Of Congenital Anomalies†, Momal Sharif, Zahra Anvar, Imen Chakchouk, Sara H El-Dessouky, Roni Zemet, Eric C Kao, Wessam E Sharaf-Eldin, Ying-Wooi Wan, Zhandong Liu, Pengfei Liu, Michael Jochum, Ignatia B Van Den Veyver

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Maternal-effect genes (MEGs) play a crucial role in early mammalian development, and their dysfunction can lead to severe embryonic and extra-embryonic abnormalities. NLRP2, a MEG that encodes a subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) protein, has been implicated in preimplantation development, but its role after implantation remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated the developmental consequences of maternal Nlrp2 loss-of-function in a maternal knockout (KO) mouse model at embryonic day 11.5. Embryos derived from Nlrp2-KO females have abnormal yolk sac vasculature, increased embryonic resorption, craniofacial abnormalities, neural tube defects, and congenital heart defects. Placental architecture is disrupted with an altered junctional zone …

A Spatiotemporal Model Of Cxcl10 As A Master Regulator Of Immune Evasion And Metastasis In Osteosarcoma, Benjamin B Gyau, Tsz-Kwong Man

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is implicated in the progression of osteosarcoma (OS), the most aggressive pediatric bone malignancy. However, its role often presents a profound clinical paradox: although high circulating levels are strongly linked to poor prognosis, its canonical function is to recruit anti-tumor immune cells. This review unravels these contrasting roles by proposing a novel spatiotemporal model. We argue that in the early stages, immune-evading OS cells initiate the formation of a pre-metastatic niche (PMN) in the lungs, creating a localized inflammatory environment that becomes the primary source of elevated circulating CXCL10. As the disease progresses, …

Amino Acid Signaling In Skeletal Muscle Is Blunted By Prematurity In A Piglet Model, Antonio C Ramos Dos Santos, Agus Suryawan, Ki Beom Jang, Rosemarie D Parada, Mahmoud A Mohammad, Marta L Fiorotto, Teresa A Davis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Preterm (PT) infants are at increased risk for reduced postnatal lean mass accretion. We established that the feeding-induced stimulation of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle is blunted in piglets born PT compared with those born at term.

Objectives: We evaluated the extent to which key components of the amino acid-sensing pathways that regulate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation contribute to anabolic resistance in skeletal muscle of piglets born PT compared with those born term.

Methods: Piglets delivered by cesarean section 10 d PT (n = 23) or at term (n = 22) were administered total parenteral …

Enhanced Generative Convolutional Networks: A Hybrid Algorithm For Refinement Video Classification, Dalal Thair Mahjoub, Hala Bahjat Abdulwahab, Kesra Nermend

Journal of Soft Computing and Computer Applications

Video classification is a vital area of research due to the growing volume of video content in various applications. Accurate category across various resolutions poses challenges, which include adapting to scaling, resizing, and compression. Therefore, this paper introduces an innovative Generative Convolutional Network (GCN) set of rules tailored for multi-resolution video classes. The proposed GCN model utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) combined with generative modeling to enhance the extraction of functions across varying video resolutions, which is crucial for maintaining class robustness in the face of common video adjustments, such as scaling, resizing, and compression. In contrast, traditional fashions frequently …

Subject Index, 12 Months Ended May 1977, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.

Subject Index, 12 Months Ended April 1977, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.

Roan Stallion, Tamar And Other Poems: Centennial Edition, By Robinson Jeffers, Brett Colasacco

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

A Theology Of Creation: Ecology, Art, And Laudato Si', By Thomas Hibbs, David Rothman

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

How Not To Be Human: The Inhumanist Philosophy Of Robinson Jeffers, By Matthew Calarco, James Karman

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

Second Place, By Rachel Cusk, Geneva M. Gano

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

Robinson Jeffers' Roan Stallion, Tamar And Other Poems: Centennial Reflections, Rja

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

The Robinson Jeffers Interview: A Conversation With Scott Slovic, Scott Slovic

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

A Maker Of Poems: Robinson Jeffers' "To His Father", William E. Cain

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

Wild Anthropocene Literature And Multispecies Justice In Deep Time, By Louise Economides, George Hart

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals Novel And Differential Long-Noncoding Rna Responses Underlying Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Regulation In Porcine Alveolar Macrophages, Jiuyi Li, Oluwaseun Adeyemi, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang

Food and Animal Sciences Faculty Research

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major threat to the global swine industry. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of antiviral immunity, but their roles in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs)—the primary target of PRRSV—remain poorly characterized. This study presents a genome-wide analysis of lncRNA expression in PAMs stimulated with a PRRS modified live virus (MLV) vaccine and two type I interferons, IFN-α1 and IFN-ω5. Whole-transcriptome sequencing identified over 2000 differentially expressed lncRNAs, with IFN-ω5 inducing the most extensive transcriptional reprogramming. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed interferon-specific lncRNA-mRNA modules, and functional enrichment showed …

Nuclear Binding Energy Prediction For Some Odd-Mass Number Nuclei By Artificial Neural Network (Ann), Ruya H. Ibrahim, Akram Mohammed Ali

Baghdad Science Journal

Machine learning models called artificial neural networks (ANNs) are widely used in many fields and real-world applications. The parameter vector that forms the basis of these models needs to be evaluated computationally. We calculated the ground-level binding energy of 146 nuclei with an odd mass number using three different models:the integrated nuclear model,the liquid drop model and the experimental model. The results of these models were compared with our theoretical results calculated by the artificial intelligence network. The mean squared error of the target and output values and how close they are to zero were calculated, and the degree of …

Generalized Pentagonal Linear And Non-Linear Functions For Solving Fully Fuzzy Linear Programming Problems, Eman Hassan Ouda, Iden Hassan Hussein

Baghdad Science Journal

Fuzzy linear programming problems (FLPP) are advanced approaches for solving linear programming problems (LPP) that involve fuzzy coefficients and variables with constraints on the problem. Numerous applications exist for the pentagonal function and ranking membership in geometry and the sciences, especially mathematics. This study suggests a novel approach for solving fully fuzzy linear programming problems (FFLPP) using the ranking function with pentagonal functions. The project aims to determine the maximum (minimum) solution to the problems where all variables, including the objective function, constraints and the right hand, are pentagonal fuzzy numbers. Additionally, generalizations of both linear and nonlinear pentagonal functions …

On The Systems Of Distinct Representatives For The Family Of Sets Formed By Neighborhoods Of Vertices, Shahistha Hanif, K Arathi Bhat

Baghdad Science Journal

Currently, the theory of systems of distinct representatives is being carefully examined and reworked, often in a more general context. With time, considerable literature has grown, and new theories are proposed that require the system of distinct representatives to possess additional properties. In this article, one such context is considered. A graph is completely defined by the relationship between its vertices, also known as the neighborhood of vertices in graph theoretical context. Several parameters are defined based on the set of all neighborhoods of vertices and are explored. This article delves into the well-known problem of the existence of a …

Voices Of The Headland: Robinson Jeffers And The Bird Of Prey, By Alan Malnar, Eric San George

Jeffers Studies

No abstract provided.

Biomechanics Of The Ribs During Respiration At The Costotransverse Joint: An In-Vivo Retrospective Pilot Study, Michael Maninang, Greg Almeter, Erik Pearson, Arvie Vitente

Rehabilitation Sciences Department Faculty Articles

Introduction: Scarce in‑vivo data describe how ribs move at the costotransverse joints during quiet breathing—knowledge critical to thoracic biomechanics and pain mechanisms. This pilot study uses four‑dimensional computed tomography (4D‑CT) to quantify, for the first time, the three‑dimensional magnitude and direction of rib motion at these joints throughout quiet respiration.

Methods: This retrospective, descriptive pilot study analyzed ten 4D‑CT scans obtained from patients undergoing thoracic imaging prior to radiation therapy. End‑expiration and end‑inspiration phases were aligned with a demons deformable‑registration algorithm. For each costotransverse joint, the three‑dimensional displacement vector, its absolute magnitude, and its components along the lateral–medial (L–M), …

Volumetric Video With Skateboarders: Creative Opportunities Of Working With An Emerging Screen Technology Beyond The Studio, Dani Landau, Diego Zamora

School of Art, Design and Architecture

Volumetric video is an emerging moving image technology in which each pixel is recorded witha location in three dimensions. Volumetric videos are normally created in studios using rigs made upof multiple cameras with LiDAR sensors and computers that combine the moving images. We tookthis technology out of the studio to explore variations of this technique in public skateparks. We foundthat as the technology is still in developing stages there are creative constraints: the lidar cameras sense at a limited distance to the subject, the image is of a relatively low resolution, and there are often glitches in theimage. In our …

Classifying Glaucoma Disease Images Via Deep Neural Network Technique, Maysoon Jaaffar Rahim, Ali Abid Dawood Al-Zuky, Fatin Ezzat Muhy Al-Dean Al-Obaidi

Baghdad Science Journal

A class of eye diseases known as glaucoma refers to a category of eye disease which is often associated with increased intraocular pressure, and can damage the eye by destroying nerve cells in the retina in addition to the eye's optic nerve. The accuracy of diagnosing glaucoma eye disease depends on the knowledge and experience of the ophthalmologist. Therefore, the need for automatic feature extraction from the retinal image is crucial for the diagnosis of glaucoma eye disease. The current article introduces a multi-layer deep neural network model with convolution and classification layers. The originality of the current search focuses …

Estimating Prey Capture Attempts And Activity Costs In Foraging Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes Forsteri) Using Integrated Biologging Data, Taylor Rose Azizeh

Master's Theses

To forage efficiently in patchy and unpredictable prey landscapes, marine predators must optimize energy intake while minimizing costs. Central place foragers like emperor penguins face greater energetic constraints during demanding periods of high investment like chick-rearing. I used high-resolution tri-axial acceleration, depth, and GPS data from 25 birds from two feeding seasons (2019 and 2022) to quantify prey capture attempts and a proxy for energy expenditure (overall dynamic body acceleration; ODBA) across dive types (epipelagic, mesopelagic, benthic), phases (descent, bottom, ascent), and over time at-sea. While prey capture attempts per minute did not differ when looking across dive types alone, …

Distinct Populations Of Lung Capillary Endothelial Cells And Their Functional Significance, Joel James, Dan Yi, Zhiyu Dai, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The role of the lung's microcirculation and capillary endothelial cells in normal physiology and the pathobiology of pulmonary diseases is obviously vital. The recent discovery of molecularly distinct aerocytes and general capillary (gCaps) endothelial cells by single-cell transcriptomics (scRNAseq) advanced the field in understanding microcirculatory milieu and cellular communications. However, increasing evidence from different groups indicated the possibility of a more heterogeneous nature of lung capillaries. Therefore, we investigated enriched lung endothelial cells by scRNAseq and identified five novel populations of gCaps with distinct molecular signatures and roles. Our analysis suggests that two major populations of gCaps that express Scn7a(Na

Hybrid Pre-Trained Models With Machine Learning Classifier For Skin Cancer Classification, Toqa A. Sadoon, Asaad F. Qasim, Mohammed Khalaf, Ali M. Hasan

Baghdad Science Journal

Classification of skin lesions can be challenging because of the subtle variation on the skin surface due to the appearance of these lesions. In the other hand, the digital dermoscopy has been widely used by dermatologist to diagnose cancer. For accurate detection, the clinicians should have a lot of experiences, but human nature is prone to error, forgetfulness, tension, and speed in diagnosis, all of which can affect the accuracy of detection. For these reasons, automated skin lesion classification has been used by many researchers to help dermatologists in making the right and accurate decision during diagnosis. A preprocessing image …

Exploring The Therapeutic Potential Of Fermented Apple Juice And Sidr Leaves Powder On Gut Microbiota Modulation And Neuropathy Relief In Diabetic Rats, Bakenam Ali Mohamed, Alyae M.S. Gabal, Gehan M. Morsy

Baghdad Science Journal

Diabetes and its complications, particularly diabetic neuropathy, represent major health risks. This study investigated the potential of natural nutrients and bioactive compounds specifically fresh and fermented apple juice and sidr leaf powder to improve gut microbiota and alleviate neuropathy in diabetic rats. Seventy adult male Sprague–Dawley rats (180 ± 20 g) were assigned to six groups (11 rats each), while the diabetic control group (15 rats). Diabetes was induced by feeding a high-sucrose, high-fat (HSHF) diet and administering streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) during the 4^th week. The groups included: healthy control; diabetic control; diabetic rats receiving fresh or fermented …

Comprehensive Study For Characterization Of Blending And Heat Treatment Of Organic-Based Polymer Thin Films, Ruaa M. Ali, Atyaf H. Kazem, Khalidah G. Hasan

Baghdad Science Journal

Thin films of Polypyrrole (PPy)/Cupper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) have been prepared by the spin coating technique on glass substrates, Samples were prepared in a blending ratio (50:50) in addition to pure PPy and CuPc at room temperature, these samples were annealed at (473K) and then characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) at different magnifications power. XRD patterns reveal that pure polypyr role is amorphous. A wide peak was seen at roughly 2θ= 24° with an average crystallite size of roughly 56 nm and CuPc had a polycrystalline structure. Annealing results …

Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks For Solving 2Nd-Order Volterra Integro-Differential Equation By Deepxde Library, Oday Ahmed Jasim, Abdulghafor M. Al-Rozbayani

Baghdad Science Journal

Many disciplines widely use deep learning (DL) as a key tool for investigating the behavior of various systems. Deep learning (DL) has recently been utilized to solve differential equations using physics-based input. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a novel DL model that excels at solving both inverse and forward non-linear PDE problems. PINNs may be trained as surrogate models for approximation solutions to the VIDE without label data by embedding the physical information outlined by PDEs in feedforward NNs. The objective of this study is to solve the second-order Volterra integral-differential equations (2nd-order VIDEs) for the first time using PINN …

The Dynamic Among The Producer, Consumer, And Predator In The Presence Of Fear, Hunting Cooperation, And Anti-Predator Behavior, Muslim Saad Jabbar, Raid Kamel Naji

Baghdad Science Journal

In general, the dynamic interactions that form the relationships between predators and prey within a food chain depend heavily on fear, hunting cooperation, and anti-predator defenses. These elements support species’ survival in their particular habitats, balance the ecosystem, and control the numbers of predators and prey. Therefore, a three-species food chain system consisting of producer-consumer-predator, which plays a crucial role in ecological dynamics, has been formulated mathematically. The objective is to investigate the influence of fear, hunting cooperation, and anti-predators on the dynamic behavior of the food chain system. Two types of functional responses have been utilized. The characteristics of …

Seroprevalence And Risk Determinants Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In Pregnant Women In Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Tajul Haram, Kamran Khan

Journal of Bioresource Management

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally important zoonotic parasite, and maternal infection during pregnancy may cause miscarriage, congenital anomalies, or severe neonatal complications. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 367 pregnant women attending hospitals in District Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, to evaluate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and associated risk factors. Blood samples were analyzed using Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) for initial screening, and positive cases were confirmed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Overall, 34.6 % (127/367) of women tested positive. While no significant differences were observed across age groups, gestational trimesters, or abortion history, higher prevalence was noted in women …