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Antidiscrimination And Tax Exemption, Alex Zhang Jan 2022

Antidiscrimination And Tax Exemption, Alex Zhang

Faculty Articles

The Supreme Court held, in Bob Jones University v. United States, that violations of fundamental public policy— including race discrimination in education—disqualify an entity for tax exemption. The holding of the case was broad, and its results cohered with the ideals of progressive society: the government ought not to subsidize discrimination, particularly of marginalized groups. But almost four decades later, the decision has never realized its antidiscriminatory potential. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has limited implementation to the narrowest facts of the case. The scholarly literature has not formulated a systematic account of how to enforce the Bob Jones …

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Nature, Magic, And Healing: How Leslie Silko Builds Her Native World, Ashton Q. Record Jan 2022

Nature, Magic, And Healing: How Leslie Silko Builds Her Native World, Ashton Q. Record

Student Publications

An essay examining how Leslie M. Silko utilizes the relationship between Nature and Native American Mystic Arts to create a full and vibrant world in her novel Ceremony.

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Is Deep Brain Stimulation A Desirable Therapy For Parkinson’S Disease?, Chana Steinberg Jan 2022

Is Deep Brain Stimulation A Desirable Therapy For Parkinson’S Disease?, Chana Steinberg

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that currently impacts 6.1 million people globally. Although it has different presentations, its core features are tremors, postural instability, bradykinesia (slowing of movement), and psychological disabilities such as mood disorders and cognitive decline. A primary treatment is Levodopa, but it has limited success. A promising treatment called Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been shown to induce significant improvements in motor skills where Levodopa has failed to help. Deep Brain Stimulation works via implanted electrodes. It has been used successfully in many studies to decrease motor issues associated with Parkinson’s, but potential side effects pose …

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Cardiovascular Disease - Is A Whole Food Plant-Based Diet The Answer?, Shalom Katz Jan 2022

Cardiovascular Disease - Is A Whole Food Plant-Based Diet The Answer?, Shalom Katz

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Objective: To determine if a whole food plant-based diet can prevent and cure cardiovascular disease. Results: People on whole food plant-based diets exhibit extremely low levels of plasma LDL. Another risk factor for developing atherosclerosis, is inhibited production of nitric oxide, which is vital for healthy blood flow. One of the main inhibitors of nitric oxide production is asymmetric dimethyl-l-arginine (ADMA). An inverse relationship was found between dietary fat and ADMA levels. The diets with the best results were the diets where oil intake was reduced to a minimum. Clinically, people who went on whole food plant-based diets had their …

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Optimal Treatment Of Osteoporosis, Yehoshua Wiederkehr Jan 2022

Optimal Treatment Of Osteoporosis, Yehoshua Wiederkehr

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Osteoporosis affects tens of millions of people in America and is the most common disease of the bones. New treatments are constantly sought, as existing ones have documented side effects. This review seeks to pinpoint the most effective and safe treatment for osteoporosis by looking at head-to-head trials and research regarding combination therapies. This review also looks at the effectiveness of non-pharmacologic treatments and whether any options are beneficial. The importance of an open patient/provider relationship proves itself, as many medications and treatment plans depend on personal factors that need to be measured and weighed by a medical professional together …

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Understanding Transatlantic Cultural Mobility: For A Cross-Reading Of Fitón In Calderón De La Barca’S El Laurel De Apolo And Alonso De Ercilla’S La Araucana, Carmela Mattza Jan 2022

Understanding Transatlantic Cultural Mobility: For A Cross-Reading Of Fitón In Calderón De La Barca’S El Laurel De Apolo And Alonso De Ercilla’S La Araucana, Carmela Mattza

Faculty Publications

This essay focuses on the intertextual origins and depiction of Fitón in Calderón de la Barca’s play El laurel de Apolo. After contrasting Calderón’s depiction of Fitón with those in Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Alonso de Ercilla’s La Araucana, I demonstrate the special signif icance Calderón’s variations on the classical myth of Fitón acquires when considered within the context of the intersection of Early Modern Spanish literature, history, arts, and politics. Here, I argue that Calderón’s recasting of Fitón serves as propaganda, the origins of which can be found in the four Titian paintings commissioned by María de Hungría in 1548. …

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A Comparative Study Of Khon And Sendratari Ramayana: Change And Innovation In The Context Of Cultural Heritage Tourism, Anak Agung Lindawati Kencana Jan 2022

A Comparative Study Of Khon And Sendratari Ramayana: Change And Innovation In The Context Of Cultural Heritage Tourism, Anak Agung Lindawati Kencana

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This dissertation examines change and innovation of Khon and Sendratari Ramayana performance in the context of cultural heritage tourism. It argues that the process of change and innovation implemented in Khon and Sendratari Ramayana is conditioned by the tourists’ demands. It leads to the production and development of “authentic” culture for tourists’ consumption in the dynamic environment that is persistently changing. The finding shows that the presentations of Khon Sala Chalermkrung and Sendratari Ramayana Prambanan in the domain of cultural heritage tourism, as a case study, have bridged the notion of tradition and modernity, highlighting the idea of constructive authenticity. …

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Synthesis And Biological Activities Of Acyl Derivatives Of Hydroxylated Eudesmanolides, Rawinnipha Wettayanugul Jan 2022

Synthesis And Biological Activities Of Acyl Derivatives Of Hydroxylated Eudesmanolides, Rawinnipha Wettayanugul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research focused on the synthesis of two hydroxylated eudesmanolides, reynosin (RNS, 2) and santamarine (STM, 3) from costunolide (1) isolated from Saussurea lappa roots, and the synthesis of their acyl derivatives to study on their biological activities. A total of 20 acyl derivatives of hydroxylated eudesmanolides, including 14 new compounds: 2(a-c), 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3(h-j), and 3(l-o). The compounds were then evaluated for their anti-melanogenic, anti-colorectal cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. It was observed that STM (3) exhibited anti-melanogenic and anti-colorectal cancer activity with IC50 values of 8.02 and 15.55 µM, respectively, which was greater than RNS (2) (IC50 …

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Naturally Derived Polymeric Gel For Bio-Catalysis And Wound Dressing, Yuwaporn Pinyakit Jan 2022

Naturally Derived Polymeric Gel For Bio-Catalysis And Wound Dressing, Yuwaporn Pinyakit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

In this thesis, two types of polymeric gels made from naturally derived polymers have been developed for bio-catalysis and wound dressing applications. In the first part, the heterogeneous biocatalyst with tunable geometry was fabricated using a 3D printing technique. The hydrogel-based ink as a supporting material for the immobilization of laccase was prepared from alginate (Alg) combined with Pluronic® F127-dimethacrylate (F127-DMA). Chemically crosslinked F127-DMA hydrogel with an optimized Alg composition exhibited good water swelling, mass transfer, and mechanical stability. To enhance the interaction between substrate and enzyme, the printed constructs with various surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) and geometrical designs (cubic, cylinder, …

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Bacteriophage Nanocarrier As A Crispr-Cas System Delivery Vector For Re-Sensitization Of Blactx-M-M Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia Coli From Companion Animals, Naiyaphat Nittayasut Jan 2022

Bacteriophage Nanocarrier As A Crispr-Cas System Delivery Vector For Re-Sensitization Of Blactx-M-M Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia Coli From Companion Animals, Naiyaphat Nittayasut

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Increased prevalence of blaCTX-M third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in small animals indicates a crisis of an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) situation in veterinary medicine and public health. CRISPR-Cas9 system delivered by bacteriophage is an alternative tool for re-sensitization of AMR bacteria. This study aimed to characterize canine and feline 3GC-resistant UPEC in term of the genetic features and to find predominant blaCTX-M variants to be targets of CRISPR-Cas9 delivered by a bacteriophage nanocarrier in a re-sensitization model. Seven blaCTX-M variants, including group 1 (blaCTX-M-55, -15 and -173) and group 9 (blaCTX-M-14, -27, -65 and -90), were detected in …

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Characteristics Of Mononucleotide A-Repeats Around Transcription Start Sites In Vertebrates, Jatuphol Pholtaisong Jan 2022

Characteristics Of Mononucleotide A-Repeats Around Transcription Start Sites In Vertebrates, Jatuphol Pholtaisong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Tandem repeats (TRs) promote a wide variety of phenotypic traits. The imbalance of mononucleotide A-repeats around transcription start sites (TSSs) in human, mouse and rat in previous study. In this study, the imbalance of A-repeats in 60 vertebrates was investigated, and the potential function of upstream A-repeats was identified. We discovered that some vertebrates were the origin of the imbalance pattern. Mammals and birds had a similar pattern, while amphibians and reptiles did not. We hypothesized that the enriched A-repeats upstream of TSSs is a novel hallmark of endotherms or warm-blooded animals. Gene ontology analysis indicates that the primary function …

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Water Quality Prediction On Bang Pakong River Under Climate Change Using Data-Driven Models., Phuoc Thanh Ho Jan 2022

Water Quality Prediction On Bang Pakong River Under Climate Change Using Data-Driven Models., Phuoc Thanh Ho

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Bang Pakong River, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand, is one of the most important rivers in the eastern part of Thailand due to its primary role in water supplies. However, the deterioration in the quality of the BPKR is critical due to anthropogenic activities and climate change since the 2000s. Therefore, the study aimed to establish ARMAX and MLP-ANN models to forecast some water quality parameters in the near future and predict general water quality indexes of the river, supported by correlation analysis between water quality parameters with climate and land use. The analysis results revealed that when agricultural land decreased …

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Assessment Of Psychological Impact Of Covid-19 Among Healthcare Professionals In Yangon, Myanmar, Nyein Chan Aung Jan 2022

Assessment Of Psychological Impact Of Covid-19 Among Healthcare Professionals In Yangon, Myanmar, Nyein Chan Aung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Background: Millions of people worldwide have been infected by the Covid-19 pandemic, devastatingly affecting their physical and mental health. During the covid-19 outbreak with the delta variant in 2021, Myanmar experienced its worst healthcare crisis, resulting in work burden, exhaustion, and psychological distress among healthcare professionals. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the psychological impacts of Covid-19 on healthcare professionals in Yangon, Myanmar. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was employed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among healthcare professionals, who aged 18 and older with at least two years of experience …

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การตรวจหายีนดื้อยากลุ่ม Β-Lactams จากมูลสุกรโดยตรง ด้วยเทคนิค Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ร่วมกับ Lateral Flow Assay และเทคนิค Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction, นุชบา สุจันทา Jan 2022

การตรวจหายีนดื้อยากลุ่ม Β-Lactams จากมูลสุกรโดยตรง ด้วยเทคนิค Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ร่วมกับ Lateral Flow Assay และเทคนิค Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction, นุชบา สุจันทา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

สุกรเป็นอีกหนึ่งแหล่งกักเก็บเชื้อแบคทีเรียที่มียีนดื้อยาสร้างเอนไซม์ Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) ซึ่งสามารถแพร่กระจายยีนดื้อยามาสู่มนุษย์ สัตว์ และสิ่งแวดล้อมได้ ในการศึกษานี้จึงได้พัฒนาการตรวจหายีนสร้างเอนไซม์ ESBLs จากมูลสุกรโดยตรง ด้วยเทคนิค Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), mPCR-Lateral flow assay (mPCR-LFA) และเทคนิค Nested PCR (nPCR) เปรียบเทียบกับการตรวจจากเชื้อ ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ซึ่งเพาะแยกจากมูลสุกรตัวอย่างเดียวกัน ด้วยเทคนิค PCR-sequencing เชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli จำนวน 149 isolates ที่เพาะแยกจากมูลสุกรทั้งหมด 139 ตัวอย่าง พบความชุกของยีนชนิด blaCTX-M-15 (34.2%) มากที่สุด รองลงมาคือ blaCTX-M-15+TEM-1 (17.5%) และ blaCTX-M-55+TEM-1 (13.4%) โดยเชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli ส่วนใหญ่มีการดื้อยาหลายขนาน โดยดื้อต่อยา Ceftriaxone (100%), Cefotaxime (100%), Ciprofloxacin (31.5%) และ Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (30.9%) ความไว ความจำเพาะ และขีดจำกัดของการตรวจจากเชื้อ ESBL-producing E. coli ด้วยเทคนิค mPCR-LFA เท่ากับ 100% และ 0.1-1 ng ตามลำดับ เทคนิค mPCR ที่พัฒนาขึ้น สำหรับตรวจจากมูลสุกรโดยตรง พบว่าต้องใช้ปริมาณเชื้อมากถึง 107 CFU จึงจะตรวจพบ โดยมีความไวในการตรวจยีน blaCTX-M และ blaTEM เท่ากับ 30.43% และ 87.65% ตามลำดับ ขีดจำกัดและความไวของการตรวจพบยีน blaCTX-M โดยตรง …

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Comparison Of Outcome Between Non-Submerged And Submerged Implant With Simultaneous Bone Augmentation In Esthetic Zone, Nuntapat Banomyong Jan 2022

Comparison Of Outcome Between Non-Submerged And Submerged Implant With Simultaneous Bone Augmentation In Esthetic Zone, Nuntapat Banomyong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objectives: To compare the dimensional changes in the buccal bone thickness of implant placement with simultaneous bone augmentation in the esthetic zone between non-submerged and submerged implants. Materials and methods: Twenty-four patients with a single edentulous area in the esthetic zone were randomly assigned into two groups which were submerged (cover screw) and non-submerged groups (healing abutment). After implant placement, the peri-implant defects were treated by simultaneous GBR. The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken post-operative immediately (T0) and subsequent at 3 (T3) and 6 (T6) months after implant placement. Vertical buccal bone level (VBL) and horizontal buccal bone …

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A Comparison Of Primary Stability Of Aggressive Thread Design Implant Using Two Different Technique In Different Bone Density: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study, Chandarong Huy Jan 2022

A Comparison Of Primary Stability Of Aggressive Thread Design Implant Using Two Different Technique In Different Bone Density: An In Vitro Biomechanical Study, Chandarong Huy

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: To investigate the correlation of aggressive thread implant in different bone qualities by two systems. Materials and Methods: A single space edentulism of tooth 11 maxillary models was prepared and inserted with artificial polyurethane bone type 1-4 for the preparation site. In total, 24 implants were divided into 4 groups according to the bone types. BLX implants with 4.5mm in diameter and 12 mm in length which are considered aggressive thread implants were used in this study. All implants were digitally planned, and the preparations were performed using computer-assisted guided surgery. After implant insertion, the primary stability was measured …

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Study On The Stimulation Condition Of Friedelin And Epifriedelanol Production In Cultured-Hairy Roots Of Hemp, Khwanlada Kobtrakul Jan 2022

Study On The Stimulation Condition Of Friedelin And Epifriedelanol Production In Cultured-Hairy Roots Of Hemp, Khwanlada Kobtrakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cannabis root has been used as traditional medicines for a long time but root part has so far received less attention. Two triterpenoids, including friedelin and epifriedelanol, have been mainly found in cannabis root and they showed the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Although the root has a long history of medical use, it was overlooked. Also, it could be contaminated from the soil. Thus, it is important to find the alternative way to solve these issues. In this study, hairy root (HR) was induced and investigated the potential enhancement of four elicitors containing salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, chitosan, and yeast …

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Quality By Design For Transient Sars-Cov-2 Rbd-Fc Fusion Protein Production In Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells, Araya Jivapetthai Jan 2022

Quality By Design For Transient Sars-Cov-2 Rbd-Fc Fusion Protein Production In Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells, Araya Jivapetthai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has adversely affected global health due to high spreading and virulence. Moreover, the emergence of new variants found in multiple countries has been a major concern recently. Although many effective vaccines have been authorized and launched, emerged new variants require us to continuously develop new vaccines. However, the hard-working for new vaccine development is how to deliver consistent quality to the market. Therefore, this study aims to apply Quality by Design (QbD) methodologies to the upstream process of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain fused Fc part …

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Formulation And Optimization Of Metformin And Curcumin Co-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles For Improved Therapeutic Efficacy Against Pain, Dasuni Wasana Peththa Wadu Jan 2022

Formulation And Optimization Of Metformin And Curcumin Co-Loaded Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles For Improved Therapeutic Efficacy Against Pain, Dasuni Wasana Peththa Wadu

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The present study introduces the synergistic analgesic potential of curcumin (Cur) and metformin (Met), encapsulated within the chitosan-alginate nanoparticle (CTS/ALG-NP) delivery system. The aim is to improve the therapeutic efficacy of this combination without potentiating its side effects. The primary objectives were to gauge the therapeutic potency of Cur and Met, improve their delivery using CTS/ALG-NPs, and ascertain the possible toxicity of these nanoparticles. A combination of in vitro and in vivo studies on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage and BV-2 microglia cells, alongside a mouse model of formalin-induced pain, formed our methodological approach. Results confirmed our hypothesis, revealing the enhanced …

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Neuroprotective Effects And Metabolomic Studies Of Oxyresveratrol In Rotenone-Induced Neuroblastoma Sh-Sy5y Cytotoxicity For A Preventive Approach To Parkinson’S Disease, Nureesun Mahamud Jan 2022

Neuroprotective Effects And Metabolomic Studies Of Oxyresveratrol In Rotenone-Induced Neuroblastoma Sh-Sy5y Cytotoxicity For A Preventive Approach To Parkinson’S Disease, Nureesun Mahamud

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative brain disorder. In 2022, WHO reported that PD prevalence has doubled over the last 25 years, causing disability and death more quickly than any other neurological disease. Although PD is still not curable, several studies showed some bioactive substances are linked with a lower risk of developing PD. Oxyresveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in various plants, is the bioactive component previously reported the pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. However, the specific molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in its effects are currently limited. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective mechanisms …

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Screening And Identification Of Spore-Forming Bacteria For Lactic Acid Production, Jenjuiree Mahittikon Jan 2022

Screening And Identification Of Spore-Forming Bacteria For Lactic Acid Production, Jenjuiree Mahittikon

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research presents the screening and identification of 41 lactic acid-producing bacteria collected from various tree barks in different provinces of Thailand. They belonged to six groups within five genera, including Sporolactobacillus (9 strains), Weizmannia (18 strains), Terrilactibacillus (1 strain), Lactococcus (2 strains), and Enterococcus (11 strains). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98.65%), the novel species in the genera Weizmannia (1 strain), Sporolactobacillus (4 strains), and Enterococcus (1 strain) are found. The lactic acid screening of spore-forming bacteria, S. laevolacticus CUH1-2, exhibited high temperature tolerance and produced D-(-)-lactic acid at high yield and optical purity. Therefore, it was …

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Development Of Advanced Lateral Flow Immunoassay For Leptospirosis, Covid-19 And Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Detection, Wanwisa Deenin Jan 2022

Development Of Advanced Lateral Flow Immunoassay For Leptospirosis, Covid-19 And Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Detection, Wanwisa Deenin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This dissertation focuses on the development of advanced lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) for the detection of infectious diseases and pharmacologically active phytochemicals. The research is divided into two parts. The first part involves the development of electrochemical LFIA (eLFIA) for the diagnosis of infectious diseases (Leptospirosis and COVID-19) and the detection of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). In this approach, ferrocene carboxylic acid (Fc) is utilized as a redox species labeled on a specific antibody targeting the analyte of interest, enabling enhanced electrochemical signal detection. A disposable SPCE is integrated into the LFIA, and a bioreceptor specific to the target analyte is immobilized …

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Molecular Mechanism Of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns In Association With Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Resistance Of Heat Stressed-Shrimp Penaeus Vannamei, Supitcha Wanvimonsuk Jan 2022

Molecular Mechanism Of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns In Association With Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease Resistance Of Heat Stressed-Shrimp Penaeus Vannamei, Supitcha Wanvimonsuk

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Non-lethal heat shock (NLHS) is known to enhance resistance to acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) in the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Generally, cell damage induced by stresses leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), molecules that act as endogenous danger signals to promote immune response. The first part of this research aims to study molecular mechanism of DAMPs that can enhance innate immunity upon NLHS treatment on VPAHPND resistance. We identified and characterized the candidate NLHS-induced DAMP that can activate innate immune responses against VPAHPND. The candidate DAMP genes were retrieved from the …

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Effect Of Goethite On Arsenic Migration Under Different Ph And Dissolved Organic Carbon Content, Kunchalika Thongmueang Jan 2022

Effect Of Goethite On Arsenic Migration Under Different Ph And Dissolved Organic Carbon Content, Kunchalika Thongmueang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Currently, the problem of detecting various heavy metals is widely observed. It is essential to consider the impact on groundwater. This study aims to investigate the effect of goethite on the mobility of arsenite (As(III)) under different pH conditions, which is divided into 2 parts. In the first part, batch experiments were conducted at different pH levels (pH 4-10) to determine the sorption efficiency for As(III) and goethite (Gt.). Furthermore, the sorption rates of As(III) and Gt., As(III) and Gt. with humic acid (HA), and As(III) and HA were determined at various concentrations (20-100 mg/l As(III)). In the second part, …

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Metabolic Engineering Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae For 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Production, Supattra Lertsriwong Jan 2022

Metabolic Engineering Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae For 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid Production, Supattra Lertsriwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is an important building block chemical that can be produced from renewable resources through the malonyl-CoA pathway. This route is the best candidate for 3-HP biosynthesis through the expression of the malonyl-CoA reductase (MCR). However, the problem of the imbalance between MCR-C and MCR-N proteins causes a low conversion rate of malonyl-CoA to 3-HP. Therefore, this study aimed to balance the bi-functional MCR enzyme by dissecting MCR into two fragments and enhancing the supply of intermediates to increase the production of 3-HP. It was found that the recombinant harboring dissected MCR produced 1.26 g/L of 3-HP, which …

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Medical Service Utilization Among International Tourists In Bangkok, Thailand, Ken Lin Jan 2022

Medical Service Utilization Among International Tourists In Bangkok, Thailand, Ken Lin

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Medical service utilization is an important concern for international travelers during their trip, especially after the serious COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. In this study, we aim to investigate the medical service utilization and satisfaction among international tourist in Bangkok after the country reopening for international tourist in October 2022.The international tourist in Bangkok was interviewed using the validated questionnaire related to travel information, medical services utilization, and satisfaction. Google form was sent out through social medica platforms, as well as face-to-face interviews at tourist gathering places. In total, 422 participants answered the questionnaire. Taiwan, China, Malaysia, Japan, and South Korea were …

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Treatment-Seeking Time Of Patients With Malaria At Private General Practitioners In Myanmar: A Secondary Data Analysis Of Routine Surveillance Data (2018-2022), Pyi Thein Khine Jan 2022

Treatment-Seeking Time Of Patients With Malaria At Private General Practitioners In Myanmar: A Secondary Data Analysis Of Routine Surveillance Data (2018-2022), Pyi Thein Khine

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Malaria is a significant global health burden, and prompt treatment is essential for optimum results. Due to their accessibility and convenience, populations in high-risk areas of malaria commonly seek treatment in the private health sector. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the delayed treatment-seeking time of patients with malaria at private general practitioners in Myanmar. The secondary data analysis of routine surveillance data included a sample of 4,939 patients with malaria who sought treatment from private quality general practitioners under the Myanmar Medical Association Malaria Project. Nearly 80% of patients sought treatment later than 24 hours and …

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Nail Cortisol For Welfare Assessment In Shelter And Owned Cats, Minh Pham Quoc Anh Jan 2022

Nail Cortisol For Welfare Assessment In Shelter And Owned Cats, Minh Pham Quoc Anh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Shelter cats are vulnerable to stress due to the challenging circumstances they face, including confinement, unfamiliar environments, people, and animals. This vulnerability often leads to welfare issues, emphasizing the importance of assessing and improving their well-being. Measuring cortisol levels, a stress hormone, from nails has emerged as a non-invasive method to evaluate the stress response in humans and other animals. This study aimed to apply nail cortisol for welfare assessment in cats by measuring and comparing nail cortisol concentrations (NCCs) of owned cats and shelter cats living in different conditions. Nails of 31 owned cats (OC), 29 shelter cats living …

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Metabolomic Profiles Of Mammary Gland Secretion In Relation To Dam’S Weight, Litter Size, Parity Number, And Kid’S Growth In Black Bengal Goat, Tien Vo Thi Phuong Jan 2022

Metabolomic Profiles Of Mammary Gland Secretion In Relation To Dam’S Weight, Litter Size, Parity Number, And Kid’S Growth In Black Bengal Goat, Tien Vo Thi Phuong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Black Bengal goat, a small size meat-type goat which is known to have high litter size and low milk yield. Kids born from high litter size dams are at high risk of mortality. Colostrum contains high quantities of nutrients, growth factors, and passive antibodies, and is essential for kid survival and development. However, metabolomic profiles of mammary secretion in goats are still limited. The aims of this study were to investigate metabolomic profiles of mammary secretion of purebred Black Bengal goats and their relationships regarding to litter size, parity, dam health, and kid growth. Forty-three colostrum samples (D0) were collected …

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Canine Pd-L1 Mrna And Protein Expression In Normal Tissues And Common Cancers, Fuengfa Damjamnong Jan 2022

Canine Pd-L1 Mrna And Protein Expression In Normal Tissues And Common Cancers, Fuengfa Damjamnong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune check points molecule, is expressed differently in various tissues and plays an important role in common cancers. The objectives of this study are to investigate the expression of canine PD-L1 mRNA and protein in normal tissues and common cancers and to determine the correlation of PD-L1 expression with histologic grading of the malignant mammary gland tumor (MGT). In the normal tissue, the highest PD-L1 mRNA expression was observed in lymph node (P<0.01). In the cancer tissues, the highest PD-L1 mRNA expression was observed in lymphoma, but not significant (P=0.224). The PD-L1 mRNA expression was higher in benign tumors compared to malignant MGT (P=0.093) but not significant. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue of normal and MGT tissue using newly developed anti-canine PD-L1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (clone 5D2). Immunostaining was detected on epithelial cells, transitional cell, parenchymal cells, alveolar macrophages and immune cells. The immunostaining score of malignant MGTs was higher than benign MGT (P<0.05). The immunostaining score was not significantly different among histological sub-types and histological grades. The lack of correlation between PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression in canine malignant MGTs was observed. In conclusion, this anti-canine PD-L1 mAb could be used as predictive biomarker for canine MGT. This study has fulfilled and expanded a knowledge of the PD-L1 checkpoint molecule in dogs and highlights a potential of PD-L1 antibodies using for immunotherapy in canine MGTs, similar to their application in human tumors.

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