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World War II

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Strategic Insights: Lost In Translation, M. Chris Mason Aug 2017

Strategic Insights: Lost In Translation, M. Chris Mason

Articles & Editorials

No abstract provided.


Hiroshima On Peace Education And Problems With U.S.-Centric Historical Narratives In A World Without Survivors, Matthew S. Thome Aug 2017

Hiroshima On Peace Education And Problems With U.S.-Centric Historical Narratives In A World Without Survivors, Matthew S. Thome

International ResearchScape Journal

As time passes, the number of survivors from major world tragedies like the nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki grows fewer and fewer. These survivors are a powerful resource for educating students of all ages about the importance of world peace. Drawing on the writing of Richard Moody and Frans Doppen, as well as Paul Ham, and Herbert Feis respectively, I outline the important role of hibakusha, or a-bomb survivors, in peace education at the secondary and collegiate levels. I explain how personalized survivor testimony provides an alternative and highly effective and necessary counterweight to teaching solely a U.S.-centric historical …


Ends, Means, Ideology, And Pride: Why The Axis Lost And What We Can Learn From Its Defeat, Jeffrey Record Dr. Jul 2017

Ends, Means, Ideology, And Pride: Why The Axis Lost And What We Can Learn From Its Defeat, Jeffrey Record Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The author examines the Axis defeat in World War II and concludes that the two main causes were resource inferiority (after 1941) and strategic incompetence—i.e., pursuit of imperial ambitions beyond the reach of its actual power. Until 1941 Axis military fortunes thrived, but the addition in that year of the Soviet Union and the United States to the list of Axis enemies condemned the Axis to ultimate strategic defeat. Germany, Italy, and Japan all attempted to bite off more than they could chew and subsequently choked to death.


Hell In The Snow: The U.S. Army In The Colmar Pocket, January 22 - February 9, 1945, Clinton W. Thompson Jul 2017

Hell In The Snow: The U.S. Army In The Colmar Pocket, January 22 - February 9, 1945, Clinton W. Thompson

History Theses

In December of 1944 and January of 1945, as Allied forces fought to slowly regain their footing in the Battle of the Bulge, another fierce engagement raged to the south in Alsace and became known as the Battle of the Colmar Pocket. Although overshadowed by the more famous fight to the north, the Colmar Pocket nevertheless played a pivotal role in the war in Europe. Yet the engagement which made Audie Murphy famous remains at the periphery of our understanding of the intense fighting in the winter of 1944-45. This thesis is about the overlooked story in the Allied struggle …


Global Conflicts Shattered World Peace: John Dewey’S Influence On Peace Educators And Practitioners, Audrey Cohan, Charles F. Howlett Jun 2017

Global Conflicts Shattered World Peace: John Dewey’S Influence On Peace Educators And Practitioners, Audrey Cohan, Charles F. Howlett

Education and Culture

The need to build an awareness of peace and of peace education is often a message that is difficult to share with the larger society. John Dewey, an acclaimed American philosopher and intellectual, used his public platform to espouse his ideas on democracy and peace as a resolution to global discord during the years preceding and during World Wars I and II. Although Dewey did shift his perspective as global conflicts shattered his hope for world peace, he persevered in his missive of democracy and tolerance, especially through his writing and lectures. Dewey strongly believed that democratic societies are best …


Manipulated Museum History And Silenced Memories Of Aggression: Historical Revisionism And Japanese Government Censorship Of Peace Museums, Benjamin P. Birdwhistell May 2017

Manipulated Museum History And Silenced Memories Of Aggression: Historical Revisionism And Japanese Government Censorship Of Peace Museums, Benjamin P. Birdwhistell

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The Japanese government has a vested interest in either avoiding discussion of its war-torn past or arguing for a revisionist take. The need to play up Japanese victimization over Japanese aggression during World War II has led to many museums having their exhibits censored or revised to fit this narrative goal. During the 1990’s, Japan’s national discourse was more open to discussions of war crimes and the damage caused by their aggression. This in turn led to the creation of many “peace museums” that are intended to discuss and confront this history as frankly as possible. At the beginning of …


The 773rd Tank Destroyer Battalion At The Falaise Pocket, 1944: The Application Of Tank Destroyer Doctrine In The Field, Logan M. Gross May 2017

The 773rd Tank Destroyer Battalion At The Falaise Pocket, 1944: The Application Of Tank Destroyer Doctrine In The Field, Logan M. Gross

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

During World War II, the United States Army employed a new weapon on the battlefield in an attempt to defeat German armor tactics: the tank destroyer. Tank Destroyer Force was created to stem the tide of German armored attacks and form an opening for American tanks to make their own counter-attacks. Since the end of the war, tank destroyer battalions have been regarded as a failed experiment, despite the evidence that they effectively did their jobs. The negative feedback in the immediate post-war period lead to the dissolution of the Tank Destroyer Force. Many of the studies of tank destroyers …


World War Ii Coastal Minefields In The United Kingdom, Roly Evans Apr 2017

World War Ii Coastal Minefields In The United Kingdom, Roly Evans

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

While not widely appreciated today, there were once 1,997 minefields in the United Kingdom containing between 338,500–350,000 landmines. If you were to walk today on a beach suitable for amphibious landing on either the south or east coasts of the United Kingdom, chances are that you would be walking on a former 1940s minefield. This article briefly explores the story of the United Kingdom’s coastal minefields, from their hasty installation through their costly clearance. Many of the lessons from this period remain relevant today, as countries seek to apply land release principles to reduce the risk of explosive contamination to …


Augustana College: Thriving Through Change, Eric Huizinga Jan 2017

Augustana College: Thriving Through Change, Eric Huizinga

History: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

World War II brought about many changes for the United States. Colleges and Universities had to deal with this change just as any other individual or organization did during the war. This paper looks specifically at how the war impacted Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois. Using the Selective Service and Training Act of 1940, this paper shows the steps taken by Augustana's president, Conrad Bergendoff, to combat the school's declining student population. It emphasizes the school's reliance on its traditional values for spiritual guidance as well as showing the proactive steps taken by Bergendoff and the Augustana community to …


Gettysburg Historical Journal 2017 Jan 2017

Gettysburg Historical Journal 2017

The Gettysburg Historical Journal

No abstract provided.


Bodies In Conflict: From Gettysburg To Iraq, Laura E. Bergin Oct 2016

Bodies In Conflict: From Gettysburg To Iraq, Laura E. Bergin

Schmucker Art Catalogs

The exhibition Bodies in Conflict: From Gettysburg to Iraq not only conveys an ambitious geographic and historical range, but also reflects the sensitivity, ambition, and thoughtfulness of its curator, Laura Bergin ’17. In examining how the human figure is represented in prints and photographs of modern war and political conflict, Laura considers how journalistic photographs, artistic interpretations, and other visual documentation of conflict and its aftermath compare between wars and across historical periods. Specific objects include a print and photographs from the Civil War, propaganda posters from World Wars I and II, photographs and a protest poster from the Vietnam …


From Bullets To Biographies: Informational Interview With Tony Banham Hong Kong War Diary, Patrick Lo, Dickson Chiu, Yidan Jin, Nan Jiang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Li Zheng Oct 2016

From Bullets To Biographies: Informational Interview With Tony Banham Hong Kong War Diary, Patrick Lo, Dickson Chiu, Yidan Jin, Nan Jiang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Li Zheng

Journal of East Asian Libraries

The rapid growth of Internet technology has led to an incredible change in information dissemination and information communication, providing challenges and opportunities to the construction of digital archives. The Hong Kong War Diary (HKWD) is a born-digital archive of Hong Kong, centering around Word War II (WWII). In the following interview, Tony Banham, the founder and maintainer of HKWD, discusses his unique experiences as a writer and research of WWII as well as his understanding of the traumatic war experiences and psychiatric symptoms among WWII veterans.


What Deepest Remains: How Photojournalistic Mutualism Between Robert Capa And Elmer W. Lower Shaped Modern Concepts Of World War Ii, Steven Holiday, Dale L. Cressman Aug 2016

What Deepest Remains: How Photojournalistic Mutualism Between Robert Capa And Elmer W. Lower Shaped Modern Concepts Of World War Ii, Steven Holiday, Dale L. Cressman

Faculty Publications

As American combat photographers documented the horrors and heroism of every front of World War II, photo editors worked behind the scenes to bring their images to publication. Matching photographers with assignments and selecting images that best told the story--all while navigating censorship, publication expectations, and intercultural societal norms--the photo editor was indispensable to the combat photographer. The partnership of Robert Capa and Elmer W. Lower exemplified such a mutualistic relationship. Whether serendipitous, as it was early in the war when Lower provided assistance in exchange for Capa's photos, or calculated, as it was later in the war when both …


Ptsd In The 20th Century American Military: Its Diagnosis, Effects, Treatment, And Management, With A Focus On The Vietnam War, Christy L. Connell Jul 2016

Ptsd In The 20th Century American Military: Its Diagnosis, Effects, Treatment, And Management, With A Focus On The Vietnam War, Christy L. Connell

Bound Away: The Liberty Journal of History

Soldiers have been affected by PTSD for as long as war has existed. The American Military in the twentieth century is no exception. PTSD did not become a diagnosable disease until 1980, and before then it was misdiagnosed as different anxiety disorders and neuroses. Symptoms, treatment options, and long-term affects of PTSD are also discussed. Though other other wars in which America was involved are mentioned, those that receive a more thorough analysis are World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. Although PTSD is an increasing problem in modern times for those involved in military conflicts, there …


The Untold Story Of Economic Conflict In The Second Great War: Battle To Bretton Woods, Rhetoric Of The Marshall Plan, George F. Kennan, John Maynard Keynes, And Disregarded Origins Of The Cold War, James Eric Copeland May 2016

The Untold Story Of Economic Conflict In The Second Great War: Battle To Bretton Woods, Rhetoric Of The Marshall Plan, George F. Kennan, John Maynard Keynes, And Disregarded Origins Of The Cold War, James Eric Copeland

History Theses - Archive

Reflecting back in his Memoirs, George F. Kennan, wrote that the document that propelled his career was dispatched after a telegram informed the U.S. embassy in Moscow that the “Russians were evidencing an unwillingness to adhere to the World Bank and International Monetary Fund.” Kennan’s provocative narrative was published in 1967, more than two decades after he sent the famous Long Telegram. He published his Memoirs during the turbulence of the 60s, around the time President Johnson announced he would not seek re-election. By the time of publication, the Cold War narrative was entrenched in anti-Marxist rhetoric and any re-examination …


The Policy Regarding Iran: Circumstances Surrounding The Allied Invasion In 1941, Caitlin N. Curtis Apr 2016

The Policy Regarding Iran: Circumstances Surrounding The Allied Invasion In 1941, Caitlin N. Curtis

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

This paper examines the conjoined Allied occupation of Iran during World War II and the impact the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union had on a new, weak nation. The terms of the occupation were written with the best intentions for Iran but were eventually disregarded. This mixture of a poor execution of treaty terms as well as British, Soviet, and American interests within Iran destroyed the unity it possessed and allowed Russia to extend massive influence over the newly destabilized country. The British wanted to maintain their oil concessions. The Russians desired a warm water port and …


Discussion On The Law Of Individual And Collective Self-Defense, Cary Yates, Lindsey Back Apr 2016

Discussion On The Law Of Individual And Collective Self-Defense, Cary Yates, Lindsey Back

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.


Sino-Soviet Dispute Over Military And World Revolution, Samir N. Saliba Apr 2016

Sino-Soviet Dispute Over Military And World Revolution, Samir N. Saliba

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.


Discussion On The Control And Sale Of Arms, Henry C. Lauerman, Robert E. Clute Apr 2016

Discussion On The Control And Sale Of Arms, Henry C. Lauerman, Robert E. Clute

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.


Battle For The People: Ideological Conflict Between Soviet Partisans, The German Military, And Ukrainian Nationalists In Nazi-Occupied Ukraine, David L. Heim Apr 2016

Battle For The People: Ideological Conflict Between Soviet Partisans, The German Military, And Ukrainian Nationalists In Nazi-Occupied Ukraine, David L. Heim

Student Publications

Soviet historiography discusses the People’s War during the Second World War, the idea that all of the Soviet people rallied to the cause and fought off the Nazi invaders, but this is far from the truth. Within the western borderlands of the Soviet Union multiple conflicting groups fought for control of and support from the people. This was especially true in Ukraine where the German Army, Soviet Partisans and Ukrainian nationalists all fought ‘for the people’ and for their own ideologies. This paper is an attempt to discuss the ideological conflict between the Nazis, the Soviets, and the Ukrainian nationalists, …


"Elite Assault:" The 85th Infantry Division In Italy, 1944-1945, Charles Ross Patterson Ii Apr 2016

"Elite Assault:" The 85th Infantry Division In Italy, 1944-1945, Charles Ross Patterson Ii

History Theses & Dissertations

This thesis fills a major gap in the historiography of the Second World War by emphasizing the role of drafted divisions in the United States Army. Specifically, this thesis examines the 85th Infantry Division from its formation in May 1942 to its disbanding in August 1945. This thesis challenges the age-old assumption that conscripted soldiers were inferior to volunteer forces. By the 1940s, the United States retained a long-standing prejudice against drafted troops dating back to the poorly-executed drafts of the American Civil War, with many citizens arguing that volunteers were better soldiers. The 85th Division stands in direct contradiction …


Nation-Building Is An Oxymoron, M. Chris Mason Mar 2016

Nation-Building Is An Oxymoron, M. Chris Mason

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Hm 22: Major Fleet-Versus-Fleet Operations In The Pacific War, 1941–1945, Milan Vego Jan 2016

Hm 22: Major Fleet-Versus-Fleet Operations In The Pacific War, 1941–1945, Milan Vego

Historical Monographs

Major naval operations represent an area of study of operational art that Western naval theoreticians and planners have generally neglected. Too much emphasis is given instead to advanced technologies and tactics of weapons, at the expense of combined-arms tactics. The absence of an immediate and serious threat at sea today should not be allowed to prevent the development of sound naval theory and doctrine and the training of naval forces to prepare, plan, and execute major naval/joint operations as part of land campaigns in the littorals or a maritime campaign.


A Rural Nebraska Boy’S Comic Strip Narrative Of World War Ii, Mike Kugler Jan 2016

A Rural Nebraska Boy’S Comic Strip Narrative Of World War Ii, Mike Kugler

Northwestern Review

The comics drawn by James “Jimmy” Kugler (the author’s father) when he was 13 in 1945 and living in Lexington, Nebraska provide a microhistorical perspective on at least four things. First, they offer a glimpse of an adolescent boy’s life in small town America during the mid-twentieth century. The strips took local buildings and situations and turned them into something strange, reflecting some of Jimmy’s loneliness and alienation. Further, they “back talked” the adults in charge of school and town. Second, they manifest the power of a dynamic American popular culture at the time. Jimmy’s war comic strips depict fairly …


Physical And Moral Forces: An Analysis Of World War Ii’S 1944-1945 Ardennes Offensive Using Clausewitzian Theory, Rebecca Griffin Jan 2016

Physical And Moral Forces: An Analysis Of World War Ii’S 1944-1945 Ardennes Offensive Using Clausewitzian Theory, Rebecca Griffin

Theses : Honours

This thesis employs Carl von Clausewitz’s theory on moral forces to conduct an analysis of World War II’s 1944-1945 Ardennes Offensive. The literature largely focuses on presenting the physical components of the offensive, neglecting the moral. This thesis aims to fill this gap by presenting an analysis of the utilisation and effects of both physical and moral forces in the Ardennes Offensive and determining the importance of each to the outcome. Analysing the planning and execution of the offensive through this theoretical perspective reveals that moral forces played a significant part in Allied success in the Ardennes. The analysis exposed …


Children, Diane Marie Amann Jan 2016

Children, Diane Marie Amann

Scholarly Works

This chapter, which appears in The Cambridge Companion to International Criminal Law (William A. Schabas ed. 2016), discusses how international criminal law instruments and institutions address crimes against and affecting children. It contrasts the absence of express attention in the post-World War II era with the multiple provisions pertaining to children in the 1998 Statute of the International Criminal Court. The chapter examines key judgments in that court and in the Special Court for Sierra Leone, as well as the ICC’s current, comprehensive approach to the effects that crimes within its jurisdiction have on children. The chapter concludes with a …


Todo Tiempo Pasado Fue Peor: La Representación Literaria Del Nazismo En Vásquez, Pardo, Borges Y Bayer, Cristhian Camilo Alfonso Nov 2015

Todo Tiempo Pasado Fue Peor: La Representación Literaria Del Nazismo En Vásquez, Pardo, Borges Y Bayer, Cristhian Camilo Alfonso

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

After the end of War World II, Latin-American literature has used the theme of Nazism to create and recreate a wide variety of stories. In some cases, these stories are conceived as a critique to specific aspects of real life, which reminds the reader of the often blurred duality between reality and fiction. This critique is based on the relationship of the characters in the stories, as well as by the socio-political and philosophical views they represent, as can be seen in Juan G. Vásquez’s Los informantes or Jorge E. Pardo’s El pianista que llegó de Hamburgo, both novels …


Hollywood’S Image Of The Second World War - David Ayer’S Fury (2014) And The Depiction Of Violence In War, Frank Jacob Oct 2015

Hollywood’S Image Of The Second World War - David Ayer’S Fury (2014) And The Depiction Of Violence In War, Frank Jacob

Publications and Research

The article describes the way in which violence is depicted in David Ayer’s World War II movie Fury (2014). It also deals with the general question how violence is visualized in current Hollywood movies.


Natural Resource Revolutions: Mexico And Cuba Within The Sphere Of U.S. Hegemony, Joseph J. García May 2015

Natural Resource Revolutions: Mexico And Cuba Within The Sphere Of U.S. Hegemony, Joseph J. García

Latin American Studies ETDs

The improbable trajectories of Mexico and Cuba give rise to compelling questions: in what ways have the revolutionary governments of Mexico and Cuba been able to practice successful defiance of the United States hegemon of the twentieth century? And how has that defiance helped to define U.S. foreign policy in Latin America? This dissertation presents a detailed examination of the contexts surrounding both the Mexican and Cuban Revolutions and their struggle against imperialist-driven interventions by the United States in Latin America and the Caribbean. I argue that through strategic decisions, the Mexican and Cuban revolutionary governments were able to ward …


The Nazi Genocide: Eugenics, Ideology, And Implementation 1933-1945, Michael A. Letsinger May 2015

The Nazi Genocide: Eugenics, Ideology, And Implementation 1933-1945, Michael A. Letsinger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to seek knowledge of how eugenics justified extreme racial policy, territorial expansion, committing unprecedented crimes against humanity; and to understand why and how eighty million human beings yielded to totalitarianism and racial murder. Further, by examining Nazi science and policies, through the lens of concentration/extermination camps at Dachau and Auschwitz, we sought to understand the linkage between scientific racism, Nazi ideology and genocide. Critiquing Germany’s failure to exercise sound science and morality in its occupation, subjugation, and depopulation during WW II, this paper will argue Nazi Germany’s evolution to systematized, industrial mass murder of …