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Building Social Capital From The Center: A Village-Level Investigation Of Bangladesh's Grameen Bank, Lisa Larance Jul 1998

Building Social Capital From The Center: A Village-Level Investigation Of Bangladesh's Grameen Bank, Lisa Larance

Center for Social Development Research

Across rural Bangladesh, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have offered poor women economic opportunities. Among these NGOs, the Grameen Bank has successfully implemented group lending to provide poor rural women access to collateral-free loans. This paper focuses on whether Grameen Bank members’ regular interaction at the village-level loan repayment building, the “center,” facilitates the members’ ability to establish and strengthen networks outside their living quarters and kinship groups. The results indicate that, by attending weekly center meetings, Grameen Bank members have the opportunity to build a kind of social wealth not measurable in simple financial terms.

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On The Precipice Of Reform: Welfare Spell Durations For Rural, Female-Headed Families, Shirley Porterfield Jul 1998

On The Precipice Of Reform: Welfare Spell Durations For Rural, Female-Headed Families, Shirley Porterfield

Center for Social Development Research

This paper presents results from the first stage of a larger research project to examine welfare use through analyses of data from the 1992 and 1993 panels from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. In addition, through comparison with results of earlier research, this paper provides evidence on the effectiveness of state welfare reform efforts to change the behavior of benefit recipients.

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Relationships Between Posttraumatic Stress, Acculturation, And Maternal Sensitivity In Vietnamese And Hmong Mothers, Gwendolyn F. Foss Dnsc Jun 1998

Relationships Between Posttraumatic Stress, Acculturation, And Maternal Sensitivity In Vietnamese And Hmong Mothers, Gwendolyn F. Foss Dnsc

Dissertations

The purposes of this study were to determine if posttraumatic stress (PTS), depression, and anxiety occurred in a community sample of Vietnamese and Hmong mothers and to describe relationships between PTS, depression, anxiety, acculturation and maternal sensitivity. Transition theory (Bridges, 1980), and a conceptual model of parenting in immigrant populations building on Belsky's (1984) work, provided the theoretical framework (Foss, 1996). The sample was divided evenly between Vietnamese and Hmong participants. Ages ranged from 17–43 years, time lived in the United States ranged from 3–21 years, and education ranged from no formal education to completion of college. Maternal sensitivity was …

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Being Alone: The Experience Of Elderly Homebound Females, Sharon Davis Burt Dnsc, Msn, Rn May 1998

Being Alone: The Experience Of Elderly Homebound Females, Sharon Davis Burt Dnsc, Msn, Rn

Dissertations

Elderly women comprise one of the fastest growing segments of the population in the United States. This growth is due in large part to increasing longevity, and a woman's life expectancy has now reached 79 years. However, along with those added years comes an increase in morbidity and a greater likelihood of living alone. This study describes the life experience of a specific group of elderly women, those who are homebound and living alone. When elderly women are included in research, the same combination of descriptors used for the participants in this study has not been incorporated. Consequently, while much …

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Las Olvidadas -- Gendered In Justice/Gendered Injustice: Latinas, Fronteras And The Law, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol Apr 1998

Las Olvidadas -- Gendered In Justice/Gendered Injustice: Latinas, Fronteras And The Law, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol

UF Law Faculty Publications

This Article will study Latinas in the United States and develop a framework that aims to eradicate injustices Latinas experience by importing the voices of las olvidadas into the heart of rights-talk, thus placing Latinas in justice. First, the piece will identify who the olvidadas are-unseen, unheard, and virtually non-existent in the world of law as well as in the myriad other worlds they inhabit. Parts III and IV consider structural roadblocks-first external and then internal-that conspire to perpetuate Latina invisibility and disempowerment, keeping Latinas from justice. Part V presents the locations and positions of Latinas who suffer intimate violence …

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Hooting: Public And Popular Discourse About Sex Discrimination, Kenneth L. Schneyer Apr 1998

Hooting: Public And Popular Discourse About Sex Discrimination, Kenneth L. Schneyer

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In this Article, Professor Schneyer focuses on the debate surrounding the Hooters restaurant chain. He argues that the debate surrounding Hooters inevitably addresses the nature and importance of gender and sexuality in culture and business. Professor Schneyer uses the lens of constitutive rhetoric to analyze several texts created by both sides during this debate. He concludes that varying participants in the debate use rhetoric for different purposes. Some, like commentator Laura Archer Pulfer, use rhetoric that encourages growth and critical analysis, while others, like Hooters itself, use rhetoric to encourage unquestioning belief Overall, Professor Schneyer observes that Hooters's supporters use …

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Assembly Bill To Speed Divorce After Abuse Will Save Many Lives, Bring Needed Reform, Jane C. Murphy Feb 1998

Assembly Bill To Speed Divorce After Abuse Will Save Many Lives, Bring Needed Reform, Jane C. Murphy

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Ethnographic Inquiry Of Social Support Throughout Women's Labor And Childbirth Experiences, Nancy Jane Pinder Saks Dnsc, Msn, Rn Feb 1998

Ethnographic Inquiry Of Social Support Throughout Women's Labor And Childbirth Experiences, Nancy Jane Pinder Saks Dnsc, Msn, Rn

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the phenomenon of social support throughout labor and childbirth in order to develop descriptive theory based on the behaviors of the labor and childbirth convoy. Utilizing ethnographic methodology, five women and their support convoys were observed throughout the women's labor and childbirth experience. Word processing and the ETHNOGRAPH software were used for data management, and constant comparative coding methodology was employed for data analysis. Affirmative, affective and aid-giving behaviors were enacted by all convoy members. Consistently, social support was found to be communicated to the laboring woman by her lay supporters by …

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An Integrative Review Of The Literature On Women In The Outdoors, Karla Henderson, Nina Roberts Jan 1998

An Integrative Review Of The Literature On Women In The Outdoors, Karla Henderson, Nina Roberts

Research in Outdoor Education

The intent of this integrative re­view was to examine approaches used in the existing literature about women and the outdoors, to determine the status of current research, and to suggest implica­tions for the future.

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"A Sense Of Competence." Re-Conceptualizing Issues Of Competence For Women In Outdoor Education, T. A. Loeffler Jan 1998

"A Sense Of Competence." Re-Conceptualizing Issues Of Competence For Women In Outdoor Education, T. A. Loeffler

Research in Outdoor Education

Competence development in outdoor education is a complex process that is shaped by gender-role socialization, learning environments, and by individual differences. Outdoor educators need to further their un­derstanding of this process so they can fully empower themselves and their students. Outdoor programs need to be designed to support the development of both compe­tence in outdoor skills and a sense of com­petence in these skills so program partici­pants will be able to fully participate in out­door activities. This abstract provides an introduction to the issue of competence de­velopment and further discussion of this topic is available in Loeffler (1997).

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Learning Outdoor Recreation Skills In A Safe Place: Lessons From A Single Sex Program, Deb Jordan Jan 1998

Learning Outdoor Recreation Skills In A Safe Place: Lessons From A Single Sex Program, Deb Jordan

Research in Outdoor Education

The primary intent of this study was to ascertain the reasons women participate in single-sex outdoor recreation workshops to learn outdoor recreation skills. A secondary issue was to identify reasons for participation in outdoor recreation activities.

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"O Wind, Remind Him That I Have No Child": Infertility And Feminist Jurisprudence, Linda J. Lacey Jan 1998

"O Wind, Remind Him That I Have No Child": Infertility And Feminist Jurisprudence, Linda J. Lacey

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Feminists have constructed a "grand theory" of infertility and new reproductive techniques that has little to do with reality. Much of the discussion of reproductive technology is written in highly abstract, philosophical terms, rather than in the more experiential, narrative style which characterizes much of feminist jurisprudence. The infertile woman is generally voiceless and invisible in the telling of this story; when she does appear she is dismissed or criticized. This Article is an attempt to begin dialogue which incorporates her perspective into the discussion.

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The Emerging Female Hero In The Fiction Of Alice Walker, Ntozake Shange, Ursula Le Guin, And Barbara Kingsolver., Rebecca S. Phillips Jan 1998

The Emerging Female Hero In The Fiction Of Alice Walker, Ntozake Shange, Ursula Le Guin, And Barbara Kingsolver., Rebecca S. Phillips

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Novels written by Alice Walker, Ntozake Shange, Ursula Le Guin, and Barbara Kingsolver between 1971 and 1993 demonstrate a pattern of female heroism that both continues and revises the male monomyth as described by Joseph Campbell. The motifs these women's novels share with the traditional monomyth include: (1) the quest itself; (2) mysterious parentage; (3) the magical guide; (4) the slaying of the monster; (5) the boon; (6) (sometimes) the sacred marriage and the return. The elements either unique to the female quest or containing a different emphasis from the monomyth are: (1) enclosure in a patriarchal system; (2) naming …

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Experiencing Physical Violence During Pregnancy: Prevalence And Correlates, Vilma E. Cokkinides, Ann L. Coker Jan 1998

Experiencing Physical Violence During Pregnancy: Prevalence And Correlates, Vilma E. Cokkinides, Ann L. Coker

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Violence during pregnancy directly impacts the mental and physical health of pregnant women. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of physical violence around the time of pregnancy in a representative sample of 6,718 women in South Carolina. Physical violence, defined as "being physically hurt by husband or partner" or "being involved in a physical fight" was reported by 10.9% of recently pregnant women. These were correlates of violence: experiencing increased numbers of stressful life events, being unmarried, having increased parity, being on Medicaid, and having an unwanted pregnancy. Screening to identify violence in pregnancy in health care settings is vital …

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Reproductive Liberty Under The Threat Of Care: Deputizing Private Agents And Deconstructing State Action, Linda Kelly Jan 1998

Reproductive Liberty Under The Threat Of Care: Deputizing Private Agents And Deconstructing State Action, Linda Kelly

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This Article uncovers the unsettling parallels between feminism and the recent restrictions on reproductive liberty in order to reveal the threat posed by the feminist ethic of care. By critically reexamining feminism's foundation and direction, the need for greater emphasis on female individuality becomes apparent. Kelly’s contention is that such a perspective, aggressively supported by the state, will ensure feminism's progress and encourage the achievement of gender equality.

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Assesing The Family And Medical Leave Act In Terms Of Gender Equality, Work/Family Balance, And The Needs Of Children, Angie K. Young Jan 1998

Assesing The Family And Medical Leave Act In Terms Of Gender Equality, Work/Family Balance, And The Needs Of Children, Angie K. Young

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

While recognizing that parental leave is only one aspect of the FMLA, this Article concentrates on the provision allowing leave to parents in order to care for their children. Before analyzing the FMLA in detail, it is helpful to explore what aims a parental-leave policy should have. The purpose of this Article is to propose and defend three goals that parental-leave legislation should strive to meet: equality of career opportunities for men and women, the right to participate in both work and family, and meeting the needs of children. After articulating what parental-leave legislation should aim for in theory, this …

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Three Generations Of Welfare Mothers Are Enough: A Disturbing Return To Eugenics In The Recent "Workfare" Law, Nicole Huberfeld Jan 1998

Three Generations Of Welfare Mothers Are Enough: A Disturbing Return To Eugenics In The Recent "Workfare" Law, Nicole Huberfeld

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In this Article, Nicole Huberfeld examines recent changes in the welfare system, and considers whether these changes are consistent with the stated goals of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. Turning to the history of “workfare,” Huberfeld reveals parallels between the reasoning of its proponents, and that of eugenicists. She argues that workfare mirrors eugenics theory because its proponents are imposing particular white, middleclass values upon the poor as a condition to providing them benefits: Through her comparison of workfare and eugenics, Huberfeld cautions against legislation that seeks to regulate the private conduct and personal decisions …

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Missing From The Miracle: Microcredit And Urban Market Women In Bolivia, Stephanie L. Small Jan 1998

Missing From The Miracle: Microcredit And Urban Market Women In Bolivia, Stephanie L. Small

Honors Theses

On an organizational level supporting the success story of microcredit allows banks to profit, as seen with BancoSol. It allows organizations to continue to receive funding, as seen with FIE. It allows NGOs to simplify the problem of poverty to one of lack of credit and personal ignorance. By doing so, NGOs can maintain training programs which place the client at fault for her poverty, as seen in ProMujer. They appeal to a common sense understanding of poverty and its causes and as a result, continue to receive the necessary funding. The Journal of Commerce is a 170 year old …

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Fostering Flowers: Women, Landscape And The Psychodynamics Of Gender In 19th Century Australia, Pamela Hodge Jan 1998

Fostering Flowers: Women, Landscape And The Psychodynamics Of Gender In 19th Century Australia, Pamela Hodge

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

It is said that when the Sphinx was carved into the bedrock of Egypt it had the head as well as the body of Sekhmet lioness Goddess who presided over the rise and fall of the Nile, and that only much later was the head recarved to resemble a male pharaoh. Simon Schama considered the 'making over' of Mount Rushmore to resemble America's Founding Fathers constituted 'the ultimate colonisation of nature by culture … a distinctly masculine obsession (expressing) physicality, materiality and empirical externality,… a rhetoric of humanity's uncontested possession of nature. It would be comforting to think that, although …

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The Adventures Of Gi Jane: Women In The Military, Jennifer Amy Schneider Jan 1998

The Adventures Of Gi Jane: Women In The Military, Jennifer Amy Schneider

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Many women in the United States are living in a paradox. While changes in the American culture have led to significant improvements in women's lives, they still are frequently exposed to discriminatory policies and actions. This study examines the United States military, which is a specific institution that embodies this paradox. While the military offers women certain opportunities, such as a college education, travel and adventure, it is still steeped in male domination and gender discrimination. Using a review of secondary sources, this study explores the discourses relating to power, gender and sexuality in the military, which form the basis …

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Health Care Needs Of Sheltered Homeless Women, Mary Ellen Gauthier Jan 1998

Health Care Needs Of Sheltered Homeless Women, Mary Ellen Gauthier

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Identification of health needs of sheltered homeless women is a vital step in assisting this vulnerable population to productive members of society. The purpose of the study was to determine the health care needs of sheltered homeless women in LasVegas. Few studies have been done focusing on the health needs of sheltered homeless women. Dorthea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing provided the theoretical framework for this descriptive study. In order to identify health needs, fifty women participated in structured interviews where both objective and subjective data were collected. Frequencies were calculated in order to describe the population and identify …

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The Breast Feeding Practices Of Women With A History Of Breast Cancer, Lynn Ann Marlett Jan 1998

The Breast Feeding Practices Of Women With A History Of Breast Cancer, Lynn Ann Marlett

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This descriptive study examined the history of breast feeding experiences in women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer, and resided in a large southwestern city. A questionnaire modified by the researcher, based on previous research regarding lactation and breast cancer was used to collect demographic data, reproductive and breast cancer histories, and breast feeding practices for each of the subjects first five pregnancies. The Neuman Systems Model was the conceptual framework for this study. Women, diagnosed with at least stage I breast cancer sometime during the last year were given a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate …

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Factors That Effect Breast-Feeding In Women Who Access Wic Clinics In Southern Utah, Sandra C Snow Jan 1998

Factors That Effect Breast-Feeding In Women Who Access Wic Clinics In Southern Utah, Sandra C Snow

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Breast-feeding has many advantages: transfer of immune properties that protect against infection, decreased allergy incidence, promotion of brain development, and enhanced bonding between mother and child; The purpose of this study was identification of factors that influence a woman's decision to breast-feed or not to breast-feed. The population sampled was women with infants who accessed Women, Infant, and Children clinics for services. Data were collected using a tool designed by Hill (1991) to study breast-feeding in WIC versus non-WIC mothers and provided data to answer the five research questions. Demographic data revealed most of the 144 mothers were white, married, …

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Feminism And Defending Men On Death Row, Phyllis L. Crocker Jan 1998

Feminism And Defending Men On Death Row, Phyllis L. Crocker

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

In this Essay I explore the relationship between being a feminist and representing men on death row. It is appropriate to engage in this inquiry in considering how the law has developed in the twenty-five years since Furman v. Georgia. During that time both Furman and the advent of feminist legal theory have required a restructuring in the way we think about two fundamental legal questions: for death penalty jurisprudence, how and why we sentence an individual to death; and for feminist jurisprudence, how the law views crimes of violence against women. The relationship between these two developments becomes apparent …

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The Impact Of Monetary Crisis And Natural Disasters On Women's Health And Nutrition, Meiwita B. Iskandar Jan 1998

The Impact Of Monetary Crisis And Natural Disasters On Women's Health And Nutrition, Meiwita B. Iskandar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper analyzes the short-term effects of the monetary crisis and natural disasters in Indonesia on women's health and nutritional status, and activities to monitor and address these problems. The monetary crisis which was announced in January 1998 hit the highest monthly inflation rate of 13 percent in February. Natural disasters that have plagued Indonesia since early 1997, including droughts and forest fires, have been projected to cause famines and an increased likelihood of infant and adult mortality. The economic crisis also directly impacts millions of workforce members threatened by the downsizing of thousands of businesses and factories, in the …

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The Impact Of An Integrated Micro-Credit Programme On Women's Empowerment And Fertility Behavior In Rural Bangladesh, Fiona Steele, Sajeda Amin, Ruchira Tabassum Naved Jan 1998

The Impact Of An Integrated Micro-Credit Programme On Women's Empowerment And Fertility Behavior In Rural Bangladesh, Fiona Steele, Sajeda Amin, Ruchira Tabassum Naved

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines the impact of participation in women’s savings and credit groups organized by Save the Children USA on women’s empowerment, contraceptive use, and fertility in a rural area of Bangladesh. The data are drawn from a panel survey conducted in 1993, shortly before the groups were formed, and in 1995 after interventions began. This quasi-experimental design enables us to identify the characteristics of women who chose to join savings groups. The findings show that those who joined tend to more educated and more socially independent than are women who did not. Thus, to control for selection bias, preintervention …

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Grounded Applications: Feminism And Law At The Millennium, Katharine B. Silbaugh Jan 1998

Grounded Applications: Feminism And Law At The Millennium, Katharine B. Silbaugh

Faculty Scholarship

The conference topic is feminism in the twenty-first century, a dialogue between academics and practicing attorneys. The first order of business will be to resist the millennium invitation to come up with evermore novel, overarching formulations of the mission and means of feminism. At the end of the twentieth century we know quite a bit about the problems presented by feminists and the problems within feminism. We have had a long history of insightful intellectual discourse on questions of equality and on the meaning of gender. We also know that it takes time to absorb and apply broad insights in …

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Proceedings Of The Fifth International Women In Leadership Conference: Ethics Or Leadership? The 90'S Dilemma, Adrianne Kinnear (Ed.) Jan 1998

Proceedings Of The Fifth International Women In Leadership Conference: Ethics Or Leadership? The 90'S Dilemma, Adrianne Kinnear (Ed.)

Research outputs pre 2011

The International Women in Leadership conference attracts internationally renowned speakers as well as a wide audience from across the nation. The Conference is at the forefront of organisational and leadership research and provides a means of personal interaction with preeminent female researchers and leaders in Australia and overseas. Such interaction deepens the understanding of the leadership capacities of women and of leadership in organisations, knowledge which is central to the intellectual work of the Women in Leadership Project. Held at the Esplanade Hotel, Fremantle, from the 25th-27th November 1996, the Fifth International Women in Leadership conference focused on the theme: …

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Feminism And Defending Men On Death Row Symposium: Thoughts On Death Penalty Issues 25 Years After Furman V. Georgia., Phyllis L. Crocker Jan 1998

Feminism And Defending Men On Death Row Symposium: Thoughts On Death Penalty Issues 25 Years After Furman V. Georgia., Phyllis L. Crocker

St. Mary's Law Journal

In this Essay I explore the relationship between being a feminist and representing men on death row. It is appropriate to engage in this inquiry in considering how the law has developed in the twenty-five years since Furman v. Georgia. During that time both Furman and the advent of feminist legal theory have required a restructuring in the way we think about two fundamental legal questions: for death penalty jurisprudence, how and why we sentence individuals to death; and for feminist jurisprudence, how the law views crimes of violence against women. The relationship between these two developments becomes apparent when …

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Country Profile Of Women's Health And Development In Indonesia, Population Council Jan 1998

Country Profile Of Women's Health And Development In Indonesia, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The “Country Profile of Women’s Health and Development in Indonesia” contains a thorough review of the following: Geographical, Political, Socio-Demographic, and Economic Profile of Indonesia; Status of Women; and Women’s Health Status. In view of the complexity of the problems facing women, the document concludes that Indonesia needs a plan for the future with a gender perspective that prioritizes increased life expectancy, legal protection, and empowerment for women. To reach this goal, Indonesia started by ratifying the Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and set it into law in 1984. This convention, together with …

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