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Trace Elements In The Pelagic Coelenterate, Velella Lata, Robert Bieri, David H. Krinsley Jan 1958

Trace Elements In The Pelagic Coelenterate, Velella Lata, Robert Bieri, David H. Krinsley

Journal of Marine Research

Twelve elements (Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Si, Cr, Sr, V, Ba, Ag, Pb, and Mo), not previously reported from the genus Velella, were found in the ash of V. lata; zirconium was also searched for but was not found. Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Mg, Ca, and Al were determined quantitatively. The concentration of trace elements in the whole animal and in five different tissues of V. lata was determined in specimens ranging from 14.4 to 84.6 mm in length. The Mg:Ca ratio in Velella is lower than that in sea water but. higher than that in Scyphozoa. Presumably this is …

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Factors, Mainly Depth And Wavelength, Affecting The Degree Of Underwater Light Polarization, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman Jan 1958

Factors, Mainly Depth And Wavelength, Affecting The Degree Of Underwater Light Polarization, Alexandre Ivanoff, Talbot H. Waterman

Journal of Marine Research

Field and laboratory comparisons of visual, photographic and photoelectric methods of measuring linear polarization of underwater light demonstrate that satisfactory agreement may be obtained between their results. While laboratory data match closely, several uncontrollable factors, especially changes in cloudiness, increase the variance of field measurements. Of the three, the photoelectric polarimeter lends itself best to the study of degree of polarization in the horizontal plane at various depths....

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This Volume Is Dedicated To Thomas Gordon Thompson On The Occasion Of His Seventieth Birthday, B. D. Thomas Jan 1958

This Volume Is Dedicated To Thomas Gordon Thompson On The Occasion Of His Seventieth Birthday, B. D. Thomas

Journal of Marine Research

Men of every civilization have extolled the fame and virtues of their teachers. An appreciation of learning and scholarship is, in fact, the mark of a civilization. Some men become pre-eminent not only because of their ability to contribute to the sum total of knowledge but by their facility in imparting their knowledge to others. Every University has its beloved Professors- scholars and teachers who are inspired with their subject and who, through the force of personality alone, are able to infect others with their enthusiasm and to color the lives of their students.

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Spring Changes In Phytoplankton Abundance In A Deep Estuary, Hood Canal, Washington, John P. Barlow Jan 1958

Spring Changes In Phytoplankton Abundance In A Deep Estuary, Hood Canal, Washington, John P. Barlow

Journal of Marine Research

Spring changes in abundance of plankton pigments (Jan.-May, 1953) in Hood Canal, a deep estuary on the coast of the State of Washington, a.re described. Since there was a less dense brackish surface layer throughout the period of observation, these changes in plankton abundance are not a result of changes in the stability of the water column such as those that initiate spring flowering in temperate coastal waters....

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Marine Sediments Of Prince Of Wales Strait And Amundsen Gulf, West Canadian Arctic, Richard G. Bader, Vernon J. Henry Jan 1958

Marine Sediments Of Prince Of Wales Strait And Amundsen Gulf, West Canadian Arctic, Richard G. Bader, Vernon J. Henry

Journal of Marine Research

Fifty-two marine sediment samples from Prince of Wales Strait and Amundsen Gulf have been analyzed for properties such as grain size and rock and mineral composition. It appears that the distribution of the various sediment types in the area investigated is markedly influenced by both stream location and sea ice.

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Description Of A Prototype Gauge To Measure Magnitude And Direction Of Hydrowire Slope In Situ Between Reversing Bottles At All Depths And Under All Conditions Of Ship Drift, J. N. Carruthers Jan 1958

Description Of A Prototype Gauge To Measure Magnitude And Direction Of Hydrowire Slope In Situ Between Reversing Bottles At All Depths And Under All Conditions Of Ship Drift, J. N. Carruthers

Journal of Marine Research

The discovery in recent years of vast deep oceanic currents running in a direction contrary to those at the surface provides additional evidence of our need for instrumental means to obtain accurate data on subsurface waters, particularly in little-known oceanic areas where pioneer lowerings are to be made. A description is given of a prototype messenger-operated wire-angle gauge which, used intermediately between reversing bottles, can furnish information on the direction of slope of the hydrowire and its actual degree of obliquity at a number of points. It is only the latter, of course, which can be computed from results obtained …

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A System For International Exchange Of Samples For Trace Element Analysis Of Ocean Water, L. H.N. Cooper Jan 1958

A System For International Exchange Of Samples For Trace Element Analysis Of Ocean Water, L. H.N. Cooper

Journal of Marine Research

The hazards inherent in sampling at sea for trace element analyses are discussed. It is proposed that a discussion be held at Helsinki in 1960 on:---- (a) sampling for trace element analysis; (b) a system for international exchange of samples and for reciprocal control of methods for analysis of trace elements.

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Vertical Distribution Of Wind Speed, Temperature And Humidity Above A Water Surface, R. G. Fleagle, J. W. Deardorff, F. I. Badgley Jan 1958

Vertical Distribution Of Wind Speed, Temperature And Humidity Above A Water Surface, R. G. Fleagle, J. W. Deardorff, F. I. Badgley

Journal of Marine Research

An observational program is described which has been used to obtain an accurate determination of vertical profiles of wind speed, temperature, and vapor pressure over a salt water inlet with an over-water air fetch of about five miles. The wind profiles show systematic anomalies of 1 or 2 %, which are not explainable as instrumental or observational error. The curvature of wind profiles over water shows the same dependence on Richardson number as that found by others over land. Temperature profiles are similar in this respect, but curvature of the vapor pressure profiles shows little dependence on stability. Values of …

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Notes Concerning The Halocline In The Northeastern Pacific Ocean, Richard H. Fleming Jan 1958

Notes Concerning The Halocline In The Northeastern Pacific Ocean, Richard H. Fleming

Journal of Marine Research

The quasi-isothermal halocline between depths of about 100 and 200 m is a striking feature of the temperature-salinity characteristics in the northeaatem Pacific, north of about 40° N. An hypothesis is offered to explain the origin of this feature in terms of circulation, dilution, and winter mixing.

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Intertidal Barnacles Of Bermuda, Dora Priaulx Henry Jan 1958

Intertidal Barnacles Of Bermuda, Dora Priaulx Henry

Journal of Marine Research

Barnacles collected at seven localities in Bermuda by T. A. and Anne Stephenson while conducting an ecological survey of the intertidal fauna and flora were sent to the author for identification. The collection is of interest since little is known of the barnacles of these islands....

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Chemical Determinations Of Net Plankton, With Special Reference To Equivalent Albumin Content, Johannes Krey Jan 1958

Chemical Determinations Of Net Plankton, With Special Reference To Equivalent Albumin Content, Johannes Krey

Journal of Marine Research

Organic substance, total nitrogen and the albumin equivalent were determined by analysis in 23 net plankton samples; ten of these were also analyzed for dry substance following rough microscopic examination….

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The Occurrence Of Pigments In Marine Sediments, Taivo Laevastu Jan 1958

The Occurrence Of Pigments In Marine Sediments, Taivo Laevastu

Journal of Marine Research

Qualitative and quantitative studies of pigments in marine sediments, using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, showed the presence of degradation products of chlorophylls; some of their optical properties are given. It is concluded that pigments decompose rapidly in aerated, coarse-grained sediment whereas in deeper layers of the same sediment, under anaerobic conditions, decomposition is slow....

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A New Method For Direct Determination For Salinity, Richard F. Barquist, A. V. Wolf Jan 1958

A New Method For Direct Determination For Salinity, Richard F. Barquist, A. V. Wolf

Journal of Marine Research

The solid material obtained upon freeze-drying sea water is not a true measure of salinity since it contains 9 or 10 % water of crystallization, the exact content being a sensitive function of temperature and humidity. The residual water is determinable with Karl Fischer reagent, although the method is not yet capable of yielding salinity with the precision hitherto obtainable through the Knudsen titration....

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The Relict Fauna Of Lake Merced, San Francisco, Robert C. Miller Jan 1958

The Relict Fauna Of Lake Merced, San Francisco, Robert C. Miller

Journal of Marine Research

Lake Merced, formerly connected with the Pacific Ocean by a channel which was closed sometime between 1869 and 1894, is now a freshwater lake with a characteristic freshwater fauna, except for five species of definitely marine affinities….

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Distribution Of Man-Made Radioactivity In The North Paciific Through Summer 1955, Yasuo Miyake, Katsuko Saruhashi Jan 1958

Distribution Of Man-Made Radioactivity In The North Paciific Through Summer 1955, Yasuo Miyake, Katsuko Saruhashi

Journal of Marine Research

The radioactivity which originated from the Bikini and Eniwetok tests in the spring of 1954 was transported mainly to the west, then to the north toward the coast of J a.pan, and finally down south a.long the Kuroshio Current by summer 1955….

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The (Ethylenedinitrilo) Tetraacetate Titration Of Calcium And Magnesium In Ocean Waters, John B. Pate, Rex J. Robinson Jan 1958

The (Ethylenedinitrilo) Tetraacetate Titration Of Calcium And Magnesium In Ocean Waters, John B. Pate, Rex J. Robinson

Journal of Marine Research

Various factors influencing the determination of calcium in ocean water by (ethylenedinitrilo)tetre.e.cetate titration have been investigated. Using Cal-Red as indicator, the method has been applied in titrating 36 ocean samples. A calcium-chlorinity ratio of 0.02134 was obtained. The speed, preciseness, accuracy and simplicity of the method should encourage its future use.

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The Equations Of Mass Continuity And Salt Continuity In Estuaries, Donald W. Pritchard Jan 1958

The Equations Of Mass Continuity And Salt Continuity In Estuaries, Donald W. Pritchard

Journal of Marine Research

Equations of mass (or volume) continuity and salt continuity are developed for the two- and one-dimensional estuary from the basic forms of these equations in three dimensions. The three cases of vertical, lateral, and sectional homogeneity are treated. Some misuses of the continuity concepts as applied to estuaries have appeared in recent literature. These are discussed. The effect of phase difference between tidal slack water and high tide on the nontidal drift in sectionally homogeneous estuaries is presented.

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Characteristics And Flow Paths Of The Intermediate Depth Waters Of The Southeast Indian Ocean, David J. Rochford Jan 1958

Characteristics And Flow Paths Of The Intermediate Depth Waters Of The Southeast Indian Ocean, David J. Rochford

Journal of Marine Research

For the southeast Indian Ocean, isentropic analysis of salinity and oxygen distributions on the 27.20 and 26.80 σt surfaces showed that mixing of sub-Antarctic intermediate water with poorly oxygenated bottom water· of Arabian Sea origin was confined to the region west of about 90° E , east of which there was sinking and movement of oxygenated waters from tropical and subtropical convergences and from the Banda Sea. The seasonal change of properties on the 27.20 and 26.80 σt surfaces off Fremantle gave some indication of the seasonal flow paths of these different waters.

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The Influence Of The Continental Shelf On The Tides Of The Atlantic Coast Of The United States, Alfred C. Redfield Jan 1958

The Influence Of The Continental Shelf On The Tides Of The Atlantic Coast Of The United States, Alfred C. Redfield

Journal of Marine Research

Examination is made of the hypothesis that the tide along the eastern coast of the United States results from a co-oscillation of water over the Continental Shelf engendered by motion at the continental slope, the barrier against which the oceanic tidal wave is reflected . Using methods which are effective in analyzing tides in embayments, the range of tide and the time of high water over the continental slope have been estimated from data on the tide at the coast and from the topography of the off-lying shelf....

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On Structure, Entrainment, And Transport In Estuarine Embayments, John P. Tully Jan 1958

On Structure, Entrainment, And Transport In Estuarine Embayments, John P. Tully

Journal of Marine Research

When fresh water enters the surface of an embayment it moves persistently seaward. Enroute it entrains seawater from below to form a halocline, in which the salinity increases with depth and to seaward. Wind mixing creates a nearly homogeneous zone in the upper part of the halocline. Below the halocline there is a nearly homogeneous lower zone in which sea water intrudes at a rate sufficient to supply the demand for entrainment....

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Dissolved Silicate And Related Properties Of Some Western North Atlantic And Carribean Waters, Francis A. Richards Jan 1958

Dissolved Silicate And Related Properties Of Some Western North Atlantic And Carribean Waters, Francis A. Richards

Journal of Marine Research

Dissolved silicate, phosphate, nitrate, and oxygen as well as salinity and temperature were observed in several regions around the Antilles Arc and in the Woods Hole-Bermuda area. It is shown that silicate is generally in low concentration in surface waters, where its ratio to phosphate, nitrate and oxygen consumption is variable....

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A Note On Tidal Friction, Gordon Groves, Walter Munk Jan 1958

A Note On Tidal Friction, Gordon Groves, Walter Munk

Journal of Marine Research

The Moon's gravitational torque on the ocean tide has been computed on the basis of Dietrich's cotidal charts. The result is -4.5 × 1023 dynes cm as compared to Heiskanen's (1921) value of -2.9 × 1023 dynes cm based on Sterneck's (1920) charts. Both values are subject to great uncertainty. The observed deceleration of the Moon implies a torque of (-3.9 ± 1.0) × 1023 dyne cm, which is consistent with both foregoing calculations. It is concluded that the deceleration of the Moon's orbital motion and the associated deceleration of the Earth's rotation may be due to oceanic tidal dissipation....

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Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Robert O. Reid Jan 1958

Effect Of Coriolis Force On Edge Waves (I) Investigation Of The Normal Modes, Robert O. Reid

Journal of Marine Research

Essentially two classes of free edge waves can exist on a sloping continental shelf in the presence of Coriolis force. For small longshore wave length, fundamental waves of the first class behave like Stokes edge waves. However, for great wave lengths (of several hundred kilometers or more) the characteristics of the first class are significantly altered. In the northern hemisphere the phase speed for waves moving to the right (facing shore from the sea) exceeds the speed for waves which move to the left. Also, the group velocity for a given edge wave mode has a finite upper limit....

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Hydrographic And Biological Investigations In Oslofjord By Means Of The Densigraph And The Oxymeter, Ernst Føyn Jan 1958

Hydrographic And Biological Investigations In Oslofjord By Means Of The Densigraph And The Oxymeter, Ernst Føyn

Journal of Marine Research

Oslofjord, which runs in a north-south direction, is about 100 km long from the open sea to Oslo Harbour. About 30 km south of Oslo, where the fjord narrows at Drøbak, there is a threshold with a depth of 19.5 m. Inside (that is, north of this threshold) the maximum depths are 150 m.

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On The Reliability Of Field Measurements Of Temperature And Salinity In The Ocean, Warren S. Wooster, Bruce A. Taft Jan 1958

On The Reliability Of Field Measurements Of Temperature And Salinity In The Ocean, Warren S. Wooster, Bruce A. Taft

Journal of Marine Research

In order to evaluate the reliability of recent field measurements of temperature and salinity we have followed the behavior of certa in pairs of reversing thermometers through many reversals and have examined the distribution of closely spaced measurements of temperature and salinity at intermediate depths. The errors of measurement are comparable to those of the classical expeditions and are small with respect to sampling and other errors in the upper layers of the ocean. The effect of measurement errors on computed values of specific volume anomaly, of geopotential anomaly, and of geostrophic current speed was examined.

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Effects Of A Nonrigid, Impermeable Bottom On Plane Surface Waves In Shallow Water, Herman G. Gade Jan 1958

Effects Of A Nonrigid, Impermeable Bottom On Plane Surface Waves In Shallow Water, Herman G. Gade

Journal of Marine Research

Mutual effects of progressive wave motion in shallow water and in underlaying fluid sediments are discussed, with emphasis on modification of the surface wave. The mathematical model is a layer of inviscid fluid overlaying a viscous fluid of greater density and bounded by a horizontal rigid plane. Solutions for locally periodic, simple harmonic disturbances indicate that wave height decays exponentially with travelled distance....

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Spectral Analysis Of A Sea-Surface Temperature And Atmospheric Pressure Record Off Southern California, Gunnar I. Roden Jan 1958

Spectral Analysis Of A Sea-Surface Temperature And Atmospheric Pressure Record Off Southern California, Gunnar I. Roden

Journal of Marine Research

Sea-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure records during the past 40 years indicate that an inverse relation exists between the temperature at La Jolla, California, and the pressure difference at Lat. 30N, Long. 110--130W. A spectral analysis of these records is made and the energy density, autocorrelation, coherence and phase relations are investigated.

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Observations Of Surface Phenomena In Ocean And Coastal Waters Near Japan, Kiyomitsu Kitano Jan 1958

Observations Of Surface Phenomena In Ocean And Coastal Waters Near Japan, Kiyomitsu Kitano

Journal of Marine Research

Surface phenomena of many kinds were observed from boats and aircraft over the Kuroshio Extension off the coast of Japan and from aircraft in the coastal area from Cape lnubo to Kinkazan. The distribution of these surface phenomena (both natural and artificial) have been correlated with observed oceanic conditions, principally areas of upwelling.

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Measurements Of Slopes Of High-Frequency Wind Waves; Comments On Dr. Cox's Paper, Charles S. Cox Jan 1958

Measurements Of Slopes Of High-Frequency Wind Waves; Comments On Dr. Cox's Paper, Charles S. Cox

Journal of Marine Research

Water-surface slopes due to wind waves have been measured in a laboratory windwave tunnel. In all measurements, nonlinear effects are important for highfrequency wind waves; nonlinear effects noted are: increase of phase velocity due to finite amplitude of gravity waves, trapping of ripples on the leading slope of gravity wavelets, and limitation of slopes after the explosive growth of waves beyond a critical fetch....

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On Some Properties Of The Spectrum Of Wind-Generated Ocean Waves; Comments On Dr. Phillip's Paper, O. M. Phillips Jan 1958

On Some Properties Of The Spectrum Of Wind-Generated Ocean Waves; Comments On Dr. Phillip's Paper, O. M. Phillips

Journal of Marine Research

The resonance theory of wave generation predicts that…

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