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Articles 1921 - 1950 of 2527

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Autospectra Of Observed Particle Motions In Wind Waves, David H. Shonting Jan 1968

Autospectra Of Observed Particle Motions In Wind Waves, David H. Shonting

Journal of Marine Research

Autospectra of observed particle motions in ocean waves are presented. The spectra show the dominant peaks associated with the frequencies of the visually observed waves. Examination of the autospectra relative to depth reveals a strong attenuation of spectral energy, particularly at the higher frequencies; the peaks associated with the waves tend to redden the deeper the wave motions are observed....

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Electrochemical Standardization Of The Dehydrogenase Assay Used In The Estimation Of Respiration Rates, Theodore T. Packard, Michael L. Healy Jan 1968

Electrochemical Standardization Of The Dehydrogenase Assay Used In The Estimation Of Respiration Rates, Theodore T. Packard, Michael L. Healy

Journal of Marine Research

A primary coulometric titration is proposed as a standardization technique for the succinate dehydrogenase assay used in the estimation of respiration rates in marine plankton. The coulometric method, which is shown to be simple, accurate, and reproducible, eliminates the difficulties of using a chemical reducing agent. An alternative method using polarography is also discussed.

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Paleogene Sediment From A Fracture Zone Of The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Richard Cifelli, Walter H. Blow, William G. Melson Jan 1968

Paleogene Sediment From A Fracture Zone Of The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Richard Cifelli, Walter H. Blow, William G. Melson

Journal of Marine Research

A dredge haul from a transverse fracture zone in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean yielded sediment of the Paleocene and the early Eocene ages. This sediment is the oldest thus far recorded from the Atlantic outside of the continental margins. Its occurrence is consistent with the view that transverse fracture zones are faults along which sea-floor spreading has taken place.

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Davit For Handling Piston Corers, John C. Burke Jan 1968

Davit For Handling Piston Corers, John C. Burke

Journal of Marine Research

Most core rigs over 15 feet (5 m) in length are cumbersome, awkward, and in bad weather somewhat dangerous to handle. On all Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution ships, coring is done over the side, using a hydraulically operated A-frame. In recent years, two methods have been used to transfer the core rig from its point of assembly to its 'down' position outboard, attached to the lowering cable....

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Nitrate Reduction And The Occurrence Of A Deep Nitrite Maximum In The Ocean Off The West Coast Of South America, Manuel Fiadeiro, J. D.H. Strickland Jan 1968

Nitrate Reduction And The Occurrence Of A Deep Nitrite Maximum In The Ocean Off The West Coast Of South America, Manuel Fiadeiro, J. D.H. Strickland

Journal of Marine Research

Between 10°S and 23°S off the coast of Peru, at depths where the oxygen concentration is less than 0.2 ml/l, a pronounced secondary nitrite maximum is found; for the same or gr eater depth range, results indicate a loss of nitrate in the water column. It has been assumed that either nitrate reduction has taken place or there has been an arrested oxidation of organic nitrogen....

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Seiche Motions For One-Dimensional Flow, D. J. Clarke Jan 1968

Seiche Motions For One-Dimensional Flow, D. J. Clarke

Journal of Marine Research

The linearized equations of motion for the case of one-dimensional flow are solved as a sequence of approximations for the modes of oscillation of a fluid in an enclosed basin by using Galerkin's method from the calculus of variations.

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Studies At Oyster Bay In Jamaica, West Indies. I. Intensity Patterns Of Bioluminescence In A Natural Environment, H. H. Seliger, W. D. Mcelroy Jan 1968

Studies At Oyster Bay In Jamaica, West Indies. I. Intensity Patterns Of Bioluminescence In A Natural Environment, H. H. Seliger, W. D. Mcelroy

Journal of Marine Research

Night and day patterns in the intensities of stimulable bioluminescense in Pyrodinium bahamense were measured during the period of April 1966 through May 1967 in Oyster Bay, Falmouth Harbor, Jamaica, West Indies….

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Spectral Dissipation Of Finite-Depth Gravity Waves Due To Turbulent Bottom Friction, Klaus Hasselmann, J. I. Collins Jan 1968

Spectral Dissipation Of Finite-Depth Gravity Waves Due To Turbulent Bottom Friction, Klaus Hasselmann, J. I. Collins

Journal of Marine Research

The spectral dissipation of finite-depth random gravity waves is evaluated for a given empirical relationship between the local bottom stress and the wave field. The dissipation is quasilinear. Computations for a quadratic friction law yield satisfactory agreement with wave measurements at two stations in the Gulf of Mexico.

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The International Oceanographic Tables, L. R.A. Capurro, W. D. Nowlin Jr. Jan 1968

The International Oceanographic Tables, L. R.A. Capurro, W. D. Nowlin Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

Tables I and II of the series International Oceanographic Tables have been in print for longer than a year. The oceanographic community is indebted to members of the Joint Panel on Oceanographic Tables and Standards (JPOTS), particularly to its chairman, Roland A. Cox, and to others, for the work represented by these tables.

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Seasonal Sequence Of Bioluminescence And The Occurrence Of Endogenous Rhythms In Oceanic Waters Off Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Charles S. Yentsch, J. C. Laird Jan 1968

Seasonal Sequence Of Bioluminescence And The Occurrence Of Endogenous Rhythms In Oceanic Waters Off Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Charles S. Yentsch, J. C. Laird

Journal of Marine Research

Seasonal sequences of bioluminescense in waters around Woods Hole were measured in 1961 to 1963. Peak activities occurred in October-November (once) and in April-May (twice). Bioluminescense at night is usually quantitatively greater than during the day. Greater differences during summer correlate with the seasonal maximum in solar radiation....

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Wave-Wave Interactions Of Surface And Internal Waves, Kern E. Kenyon Jan 1968

Wave-Wave Interactions Of Surface And Internal Waves, Kern E. Kenyon

Journal of Marine Research

A resonant energy-transfer theory is applied to the weak wave-wave interactions of random surface gravity waves and internal gravity waves in a constant Väisälä-frequency (exponential-density) ocean….

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Studies At Oyster Bay In Jamaica, West Indies. Ii. Effacts Of Flow Patterns And Exchange On Bioluminescent Distributions, J. H. Carpenter, H. H. Seliger Jan 1968

Studies At Oyster Bay In Jamaica, West Indies. Ii. Effacts Of Flow Patterns And Exchange On Bioluminescent Distributions, J. H. Carpenter, H. H. Seliger

Journal of Marine Research

From July 1966 to July 1967, regular observations and some experiments were carried out in Oyster Bay at the eastern end of Falmouth Harbor, Jamaica, W. I. This paper gives a general description of the area; it reports observations on the tidal movement, the density currents, the wind force and direction, and the water discharge by the Martha Brae River; and it correlates the flow patterns in Oyster Bay with observed bioluminescent distributions

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Further Investigation Of The Influence Of The Peripheral Antarctic Water Discharge On The Circumpolar Current, Victor Barcilon Jan 1967

Further Investigation Of The Influence Of The Peripheral Antarctic Water Discharge On The Circumpolar Current, Victor Barcilon

Journal of Marine Research

One- and two-layer models of the Antarctic Ocean are examined. Both the peripheral discharge (caused by melting and ablation) and the surface wind stress (due to an easterly wind system) are taken into account. It is shown that these two driving mechanisms partially counteract each other. As a result, the net zonal transport is smaller than that in the case of purely wind driving.

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Inertial Oscillations In An Ekman Layer Containing A Horizontal Discontinuity Surface, Joseph P. Pandolfo, Philip S. Brown Jr. Jan 1967

Inertial Oscillations In An Ekman Layer Containing A Horizontal Discontinuity Surface, Joseph P. Pandolfo, Philip S. Brown Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

Solutions are obtained for systems of equations that determine the development of velocity profiles in an infinitely deep fluid system subjected to Coriolis accelerations and composed of two layers of viscous fluid differing in density, viscosity, and geostrophic velocity. The density, viscosity, and horizontal pressure gradient are assumed to remain constant in space and time within each layer and to differ discontinuously at the horizontal interface between the layers....

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Tsunami Response For Islands: Verification Of A Numerical Procedure, A. C. Vastano, R. O. Reid Jan 1967

Tsunami Response For Islands: Verification Of A Numerical Procedure, A. C. Vastano, R. O. Reid

Journal of Marine Research

A numerical integration procedure is employed to evaluate the response of the water level in the near fi eld of an island due to the incidence of plane monochromatic gravity waves that have periods in the tsunami range. Verification of the numerical procedure is restricted to two axially symmetric islands for which analytical solutions are available. The first case is that of a vertical cylinder of circular cross section in water of constant depth....

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On The Wave-Induced Difference In Mean Sea Level Between The Two Sides Of A Submerged Breakwater, M. S. Longuet-Higgins Jan 1967

On The Wave-Induced Difference In Mean Sea Level Between The Two Sides Of A Submerged Breakwater, M. S. Longuet-Higgins

Journal of Marine Research

Very simple formulae are derived for the difference in mean level between the two sides of a submerged breakwater when waves are incident on it at an arbitrary angle. The formulae apply also to waves undergoing refraction due to changes in depth and to waves in open channel transitions.

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A Harmonic Method For Predicting Shallow-Water Tides, Bernard D. Zetler, Robert A. Cummings Jan 1967

A Harmonic Method For Predicting Shallow-Water Tides, Bernard D. Zetler, Robert A. Cummings

Journal of Marine Research

The development of an objective technique for identifying significant hidden frequencies in the spectrum makes it possible to accurately predict shallow-water tides by harmonic methods. For Anchorage, Alaska, the 114 constituents used include frequencies in every species (cycles per day) from 0 to 12. The larger set of constituents improved the predictions in times of high and low waters, range of tide, and shape of curve. The stationary characteristics of some of the added constituents have been tested with three years of Philadelphia data.

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A Characterization Of The Gulf Of Mexico Waters In Winter, W. D. Nowlin Jr., H. J. Mclellan Jan 1967

A Characterization Of The Gulf Of Mexico Waters In Winter, W. D. Nowlin Jr., H. J. Mclellan

Journal of Marine Research

The results of a rapid survey of the Gulf of Mexico in the winter of 1962 are presented. Variations in the characteristics of the water in several core layers are described. Circulation has been examined on the basis of dynamic computations and G.E.K. measurements. In the eastern Gulf, water enters through Yucatan Strait and leaves through Florida Strait, flowing in an anticyclonic loop that extends well into the Gulf....

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The Wave-Drift Current, John A.T. Bye Jan 1967

The Wave-Drift Current, John A.T. Bye

Journal of Marine Research

The irrotational wave-drift current associated with the one-dimensional eq uilibrium wave spectrum is calculated, and by comparison with observation, it is shown that in many situations this current may make an important contribution to surface-drift velocities. One of the interesting features of the irrotational current profile is a remarkable affinity to the logarithmic profile of similarity theory, both formally and quantitatively.

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Further Observations On The Secondary Nitrite Maximum In The Northern Equatorial Pacific, Warren S. Wooster Jan 1967

Further Observations On The Secondary Nitrite Maximum In The Northern Equatorial Pacific, Warren S. Wooster

Journal of Marine Research

The secondary nitrite maximum was observed in May 1965 at nine stations south of the boundary between the western extension of the California Current and the Nor th Equatorial Current. A ssociation of high nitrite concentrations with low dissolved-oxygen concentrations and high salinity in the Equatorial Pacific salinity maximum suggests that the northern boundary of the secondary nitrite maximum is related to the northern limit of penetration by Equatorial Pacific water.

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The Determination Of Urea In Seawater, B. S. Newell, B. Morgan, Jane Cundy Jan 1967

The Determination Of Urea In Seawater, B. S. Newell, B. Morgan, Jane Cundy

Journal of Marine Research

A clinical method for the determination of urea in blood and urine (Beale and Croft 1961) has been modified for the determination of smaller quantities of urea (1-20 µg N/l) in seawater.

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Thermostad, The Antonym Of Thermocline, R. C. Seitz Jan 1967

Thermostad, The Antonym Of Thermocline, R. C. Seitz

Journal of Marine Research

In standard oceanographic usage the suffix "-cline" denotes a layer in which there is a relatively large vertical gradient of the given property. However, oceanographers have no term available to denote the contrasting feature: a layer of water in which there is a relative minimum of the absolute value of the vertical gradient....

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Measurements Of Particle Motions In Ocean Waves, David H. Shonting Jan 1967

Measurements Of Particle Motions In Ocean Waves, David H. Shonting

Journal of Marine Research

Ducted impeller wave meters used aboard a light station to observe particle motions in wind waves at various depths beneath the free surface are described. The motions recorded display quasisinusoidal oscillations having an approximate 90° phase shift between the horizontal and vertical velocity components that lie normal to the wave crests....

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Damping Of Capillary Waves At The Air-Sea Interface By Oceanic Surface-Active Material, W. D. Garrett Jan 1967

Damping Of Capillary Waves At The Air-Sea Interface By Oceanic Surface-Active Material, W. D. Garrett

Journal of Marine Research

The damping rates of capillary waves (wavelength = 0.52 cm) were measured on fresh seawater sampled under various oceanographic conditions. The collected water con tained varying quantities of surface-active organic materials capable of adsorbing at the air-water interface and altering the sea-surface properties....

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Concentration And State Of Cerium In Coastal Waters, James H. Carpenter, Virginia E. Grant Jan 1967

Concentration And State Of Cerium In Coastal Waters, James H. Carpenter, Virginia E. Grant

Journal of Marine Research

The cerium contents of several coastal water samples were found to be 0.1 to 0.6 µg/l. These are in contrast to the cerium concentrations of 0.004 and 0.014 µg/l observed in samples taken near Bermuda….

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A New Method Of Measuring Coastal Surface Currents With Markers And Dyes Dropped From An Aircraft, J. G. Welsh Jan 1967

A New Method Of Measuring Coastal Surface Currents With Markers And Dyes Dropped From An Aircraft, J. G. Welsh

Journal of Marine Research

This paper describes a new low-cost method of measuring coastal surface currents with markers dropped from a light aircraft at each of a series of stations. Each marker consists of a cloth bag containing floats and a different dye. One marker, with anchor attached, remains stationary while a second marker, with drogue attached, moves with the current. The specific dye with each marker disperses slowly and contjnuously through the cloth into the water and aids in the subsequent location of each marker....

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A Model For Thermohaline Circulation In An Ocean Of Finite Depth, G. T. Needler Jan 1967

A Model For Thermohaline Circulation In An Ocean Of Finite Depth, G. T. Needler

Journal of Marine Research

This paper presents a theoretical study of the steady-state density, pressure, and velocity fields in an unbounded ocean driven by the differential heating of the surface and by the divergence or convergence of the Ekman layer….

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A Simple Squeezer For Removal Of Interstitial Water From Ocean Sediments, Bob J. Presley, Robert R. Brooks, Henry M. Kappel Jan 1967

A Simple Squeezer For Removal Of Interstitial Water From Ocean Sediments, Bob J. Presley, Robert R. Brooks, Henry M. Kappel

Journal of Marine Research

A simple and inexpensive squeezer employed in the removal of interstitial water from ocean sediments has been designed. Squeezing is carried out with nitrogen at pressures of 500 to 1000 lb/in2 (35 to 70 kg/cm2). The apparatus is lined with teflon, thus insuring complete freedom from metallic contamination.

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Influence Of The Amazon River Outflow On The Ecology Of The Western Tropical Atlantic I. Hydrography And Nutrient Chemistry, J. H. Ryther, D. W. Menzel, Nathaniel Corwin Jan 1967

Influence Of The Amazon River Outflow On The Ecology Of The Western Tropical Atlantic I. Hydrography And Nutrient Chemistry, J. H. Ryther, D. W. Menzel, Nathaniel Corwin

Journal of Marine Research

The influence of the Amazon River discharge on the nutrient chemistry and biological productivity in the western tropical Atlantic and the eastern Caribbean was investigated during two oceanogr aphic cruises in the fall of 1964 and the spring of 1965, respectively. The river outflow is entrained in the Guiana Current and carried to the north and east, affecting an area that is at times a million square miles, as indicated by surface salinity....

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Temperature Differences Near The Sea-Air Interface, Allen H. Schooley Jan 1967

Temperature Differences Near The Sea-Air Interface, Allen H. Schooley

Journal of Marine Research

Little information is available on the temperature differences in the first several centimeters of air and water above and below the sea surface. A series of measurements was made to determine the magnitude and fluctuations of these temperature differences in the open Mediterranean Sea off the Ligurian Coast of Italy at about 44° 54.7'N, 9° 45'E. The differences were measured with respect to the actual undulating surface of the sea. The instrumentation used is described....

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