Digital Commons Network^™

Association Of Messenger Rna Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Vaccination And Reductions In Post Covid Conditions Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection In A Us Prospective Cohort Of Essential Workers, Josephine Mak, Sana Khan, Amadea Britton, Spencer Rose, Lisa Gwynn, Katherine D Ellingson, Jennifer Meece, Leora R Feldstein, Harmony Tyner, Laura J Edwards, Matthew S Thiese, Allison Naleway, Manjusha Gaglani, Natasha Solle, Jefferey L Burgess, Julie Mayo Lamberte, Meghan Shea, Taryn Hunt-Smith, Alberto Caban-Martinez, Cynthia Porter, Ryan Wiegand, Ramona Rai, Kurt T Hegmann, James Hollister, Ashley Fowlkes, Meredith Wesley, Andrew L Philips, Patrick Rivers, Robin Bloodworth, Gabriella Newes-Adeyi, Lauren E W Olsho, Sarang K Yoon, Sharon Saydah, Karen Lutrick

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Data are limited on whether vaccination reduces post COVID conditions (PCCs) risk after less severe nonhospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed whether COVID-19 vaccination protected against PCCs in persons with mild initial infections during Delta and Omicron variant predominance.

Methods: This study utilized a case-control design, nested within the HEROES-RECOVER cohort. Participants aged ≥18 years with test-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 28 June 2021 and 14 September 2022 were surveyed for PCCs, defined by symptoms lasting >4 weeks after initial infection. Cases self-reported PCCs and controls self-reported no PCCs. The exposure was …

Exploring Profiles Of Fathers Integrating Food And Physical Activity Parenting Practices, John A Jimenez-Garcia, Louise C Mâsse, Robert L Newton, Salma M Musaad, Alicia Beltran, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: This study aims to identify fathers' profiles integrating food parenting practices (FPP) and physical activity parenting practices (PAPP).

Design: We analysed cross-sectional data. The fathers completed the reduced FPP and PAPP item banks and socio-demographic and family dynamics (co-parenting and household responsibility) questionnaires. We identified fathers' profiles via latent profile analysis. We explored the influence of social determinants, child characteristics and family dynamics on fathers' profiles using multinomial logistic regression.

Setting: Online survey in the USA.

Participants: Fathers of 5-11-year-old children.

Results: We analysed data from 606 fathers (age = 38 ± 8·0; Hispanic = 37·5 %). Most fathers …

Developing A Novel Index For Individual-Level Social Determinants And Cardiovascular Diseases In The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (Cardia) Study, Tao Gao, Yinan Zheng, Brian Joyce, Lei Liu, Lili Liu, Catarina Kiefe, Sarah Forrester, Bing Yu, Ankeet Bhatt, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Kai Zhang, Lifang Hou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Social determinants of health (SDH) have been found to contribute to cardiovascular risk and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have examined early-life exposure to SDH and the combined effect of multiple SDH measures on CVD. There is an urgent need to develop an SDH index for use in practice and clinical settings.

Methods: A total of 3189 participants from the CARDIA Study who had chest CT scans at the year-25 (Y25) visit were included in this study. Personal and parental SDH measures, including education, occupation, income, financial strain, and childhood family environment, were obtained through …

Developing A Novel Index For Individual-Level Social Determinants And Cardiovascular Diseases In The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (Cardia) Study, Tao Gao, Yinan Zheng, Brian Joyce, Lei Liu, Lili Liu, Catarina Kiefe, Sarah Forrester, Bing Yu, Ankeet Bhatt, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Kai Zhang, Lifang Hou

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Social determinants of health (SDH) have been found to contribute to cardiovascular risk and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have examined early-life exposure to SDH and the combined effect of multiple SDH measures on CVD. There is an urgent need to develop an SDH index for use in practice and clinical settings.

METHODS: A total of 3189 participants from the CARDIA Study who had chest CT scans at the year-25 (Y25) visit were included in this study. Personal and parental SDH measures, including education, occupation, income, financial strain, and childhood family environment, were obtained through …

Late Adverse Event Reporting From Medical Device Manufacturers To The Us Food And Drug Administration: Cross Sectional Study, Alexander O Everhart, Pinar Karaca-Mandic, Rita F Redberg, Joseph S Ross, Sanket S Dhruva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To describe the extent of late adverse event reporting by manufacturers to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Manufacturer And User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database as well as the distribution of late reporting among manufacturers and associations with device characteristics.

DESIGN: Cross sectional study.

SETTING: The FDA MAUDE database, a central postmarket safety surveillance tool for US medical devices, from 1 September 2019 to 31 December 2022.

PARTICIPANTS: Medical device manufacturers that submitted initial adverse event reports to the FDA between 1 September 2019 and 31 December 2022.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time in days between date manufacturer …

Jamie Dimon Talks About Regulation, Remote Work, And What Keeps Him Up At Night, Michael Mcdowell

Documents

No abstract provided.

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Black/African American Men Who Have Sex With Other Men In Midwestern, United States: A Systematic Review, Oluwafemi Adeagbo, Oluwaseun Abdulganiyu Badru, Prince Addo, Amber Hawkins, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Xiaoming Li, Rima Afifi

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Black/African American men who have sex with other men (BMSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, experience significant disparities in HIV incidence, and face significant barriers to accessing HIV treatment and care services, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Despite evidence of individual and structural barriers to PrEP use in the Midwest, no review has synthesized this finding to have a holistic view of PrEP uptake and barriers. This review examines patterns of, barriers to, and facilitators of PrEP uptake among BMSM in the Midwest, United States (US).

Methods: Five databases (CINAHL Plus, PUBMED, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) were searched …

Social Media As A Platform For Cancer Care Decision-Making Among Women: Internet Survey-Based Study On Trust, Engagement, And Preferences, Anna Rose Johnson, Grace Anne Longfellow, Clara N Lee, Benjamin Ormseth, Gary B Skolnick, Mary C Politi, Yonaira M Rivera, Terence Myckatyn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Decision aids improve patient and clinician decision-making but are underused and often restricted to clinical settings.

OBJECTIVE: Given limited studies analyzing the feasibility of disseminating decision aids through social media, this study aimed to evaluate the acceptability, trust, and engagement of women with social media as a tool to deliver online decision aids for cancer treatment.

METHODS: To prepare for potential dissemination of a breast cancer decision aid via social media, a cross-sectional survey in February 2023 was conducted via Prime Panels, an online market research platform, of women aged 35-75 years in the United States. Demographics, health, cancer …

Practice Implications For Supporting International Students’ Racial Learning In The Us, Mianmian Fei

Critical Internationalization Studies Review

No abstract provided.

Rushing To Judgment And The Banking Crisis Of 2023, Steven Kelly, Jonathan Rose

Documents

No abstract provided.

The Cost-Effectiveness Of Long-Term Post-Treatment Peer Recovery Support Services In The United States, Sierra Castedo De Martell, Margaret Brannon Moore, Hannah Wang, Lori Holleran Steiker, J Michael Wilkerson, Nalini Ranjit, Sheryl A Mccurdy, H Shelton Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Peer recovery support services (PRSS) have been widely adopted across a variety of settings, but little is known about their economic impact.

Objectives:

To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of long-term, PRSS delivered after specialty substance use disorder (SUD) treatment (post-treatment), and to describe the development of a free, web-based cost-effectiveness calculator based on this analysis.

Methods:

Using publicly-available data from a variety of sources, post-treatment PRSS were compared to specialty SUD treatment from the societal (broad perspective including costs like participant time) and health systems perspectives (only costs borne by health system), and in terms of quality-adjusted life years …

Clinical Performance Of An N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Assay In Acute Heart Failure Diagnosis, Lori B Daniels, Patience Ajongwen, Robert H Christenson, Carol L Clark, Deborah B Diercks, Gregory J Fermann, Sharon E Mace, Simon A Mahler, Peter S Pang, Zubaid Rafique, Michael S Runyon, James Tauras, Christopher R Defilippi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: We evaluated the Vitros® Immunodiagnostic Products N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) II assay for aiding in diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in patients with acute dyspnea.

Methods: Serum concentrations of NT-proBNP were measured in patient samples from 20 emergency departments across the United States. Study endpoints included sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and predictive values for diagnosis of acute HF according to age-stratified cutoffs (450, 900, and 1800 pg/mL), and a rule-out age-independent cutoff (300 pg/mL). Additional measures were area under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results were also interpreted in patient subgroups with relevant …

Identifying Pregnant Women With Disabilities And Maternal And Newborn Outcomes, Alka Dev, Willi Horner-Johnson, Andrew Schaefer, Cecilia Ganduglia-Cazaban, Thérèse A Stukel, David C Goodman, Joanna K Leyenaar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Pregnant women with disabilities are at higher risk of poor pregnancy and birth outcomes. Different methods for identifying disability may affect estimates of health disparities in this population.

Objective: To compare pregnancy and birth outcomes among pregnant women using different ways of identifying maternal disability.

Design, setting, and participants: Retrospective cohort study of linked vital records and maternal and newborn claims for Medicaid-insured live births from January 2010 to December 2014 in Texas. Data analysis was conducted from October 2023 to May 2024.

Exposure: Births grouped into 5 maternal cohorts: no identified disability, disability benefits enrollment only, disability diagnostic …

Trends In Respiratory Pathogen Testing At Us Children's Hospitals., Matthew J. Molloy, Matthew Hall, Jessica L. Markham, Jillian M. Cotter, Elisha Mccoy, Michael J. Tchou, Megan E. Collins, Michael J. Steiner, John R. Stephens, Andrew G. Yu, Irma T. Ugalde, Rustin B. Morse, Monika K. Goyal, Samantha A. House

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Respiratory pathogen testing has been a common deimplementation focus. The COVID-19 pandemic brought new considerations for respiratory testing; recent trends in testing rates are not well understood.

OBJECTIVE: To measure trends in respiratory testing among encounters for acute respiratory infections among children and adolescents (agedyears) from 2016 to 2023, assess the association of COVID-19 with these trends, and describe associated cost trends.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective serial cross-sectional study included emergency department (ED) encounters and hospitalizations in US children's hospitals among children and adolescents with a primary acute infectious respiratory illness diagnosis. Data were ascertained from the …

Geographic Access To Cancer Care And Treatment And Outcomes Of Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Pratibha Shrestha, Ying Liu, James Struthers, Benjamin Kozower, Min Lian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Data on the impact of geographic access to cancer care on early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment and outcomes are limited.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of geographic access to cancer care with guideline-recommended treatment and outcomes in patients with early-stage NSCLC.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included patients with early-stage NSCLC newly diagnosed between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015, followed up through December 31, 2016, and identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset. Data analysis was performed from March to November 2024.

EXPOSURES: Geographic access to thoracic surgeons and radiation …

Making Waves: Depression Era Violent Crime In The Upper Peninsula And The United States, Zoe Jancek

HS 390 Primary Research Papers

The Great Depression overlaps with several other important historical eras, all of which had their own impact on crime. This study looks at stressors throughout the decade of the Great Depression to attempt to understand how they affect people and therefore, how they affect the amount of violent crimes committed in both a broad and specific sense. Using statistics and historical accounts, this research analyzes topics such as culture, mental and physical health, substance abuse, gangs, and the effects of Prohibition. The fluctuations can be attributed to economic, social, and cultural factors such as Prohibition and the rise of organized …

The Changing Faces Of Academic Family Medicine Leadership: A Cera Secondary Analysis., Bryce A Ringwald, Yasamine Edwards, Sarah Vengal, Jon Montemayor, Carter Ringwald

Medical Education Articles

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts strive to create a physician workforce that represents the general population. Barriers remain, however, regarding the promotion of women and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) physicians. We sought to describe gender and race trends in academic family medicine leadership over the past decade.

METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance clearinghouse data, examining demographic survey responses from available surveys of family medicine clerkship directors (CDs), program directors (PDs), and department chairs from 2011 to 2023.

RESULTS: During the time studied, family medicine CDs female …

Comptroller's Handbook: Interest Rate Risk (Version 1.0), United States: Department Of The Treasury: Office Of The Comptroller Of The Currency

Documents

No abstract provided.

Care Utilization For Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Requiring Invasive Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation, Carolyn C Foster, Todd A Florin, Derek J Williams, Katherine L Freundlich, Rebecca L Steuart, Julia A Heneghan, Cara Cecil, Nathan M Pajor, Robert J Graham, Sriram Ramgopal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Children who use invasive long-term mechanical ventilation (LTMV) are a rare, clinically heterogenous population with relatively high hospitalization rates, most commonly for acute respiratory infection (ARI). We sought to describe patterns of ARI-related utilization and mortality in pediatric patients with LTMV, evaluating the association of a pre-existing neurologic diagnoses with outcomes.

Methods: We studied a longitudinal retrospective cohort across 40 U.S. children's hospital emergency department (ED) and hospital encounters for patients (< 21 years) with LTMV and an ARI diagnosis code (10/1/2016-6/30/2023). We examined mortality and ED/hospital utilization outcomes, defining short-stay hospitalizations as ≤ 2 calendar days. We stratified analyses by high intensity neurologic impairment (HINI) using a validated coding algorithm.

Results: We included 4866 patients (median age 4.5 years; 58.6% male) with LTMV and ≥ 1 ARI encounter. Most (95.1%) were hospitalized on their index encounter, and …

Inappropriate Laboratory Testing: Significant Waste Quantified By A Large-Scale Year-Long Study Of Medicare And Commercial Payer Reimbursement, Dave Smart, Jeff Schreier, Ila R Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context.—: Laboratory testing, beyond what is essential for managing health, is considered low-value care, posing patient risks and wasting resources. Measuring excess testing on a national level is crucial to identify waste and optimize healthcare resource allocation for maximum impact.

Objective.—: To measure inappropriate laboratory testing and its cost across Medicare and many US commercial payers.

Design.—: A retrospective analysis on 2019 claims data measured the frequency of 4 commonly used laboratory tests among 64 million individuals with Medicare and 168 million with commercial insurance. Tests included 25-hydroxy vitamin D, prostate-specific antigen, lipid panel, and hemoglobin A1c. Clinical guidelines, medical …

Rising Mortality Rates Linked To Type-2 Diabetes And Obesity In The United States: An Observational Analysis From 1999 To 2022, Mushood Ahmed, Abdullah Nofal, Aimen Shafiq, Hira Javaid, Areeba Ahsan, Zain Ali Nadeem, Raheel Ahmed, Mahboob Alam, Mamas A Mamas, Marat Fudim, Gregg C Fonarow

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are increasing in the United States. However, population-level data for mortality trends due to T2D and obesity are limited. This study aims to assess these death trends among adults in the United States categorized by sex, race, and geographical location.

Methods: We queried the CDC-WONDER database for multiple cause of death data of adults aged ≥25 years. The crude mortality rates (CMR), age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), annual percent change (APC), and the average APC (AAPC) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were analyzed.

Results: From 1999 to 2022, a …

Long Covid Illness: Disparities In Understanding And Receipt Of Care In Emergency Department Populations, Robert M Rodriguez, Karen Reyes, Vijaya Arun Kumar, Brian Chinnock, Stephanie A Eucker, Kristin L Rising, Zubaid Rafique, Michael Gottlieb, Graham Nichol, Dana Morse, Melanie Molina, Mireya I Arreguin, Lindsey Shughart, Christopher Conn, Svea Eckstrand, Heba Mesbah, Lauren Chakraborty, Robert D Welch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Study objective: Most long coronavirus disease (long COVID) studies rely on traditional surveillance methods that miss underserved populations who use emergency departments (EDs) as their primary health care source. In medically underserved ED populations, we sought to determine (1) whether there are gaps in awareness and self-declared understanding about long COVID illness, and (2) the prevalence, impact on school/work attendance, and receipt of care for long COVID symptoms.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, convenience sample survey study of adult patients at 11 geographically representative US EDs from December 2022 to October 2023. Awareness and self-declared understanding about long COVID …

Trends In Kidney Allograft Failure Among First-Time Transplant Recipients In The United States, Pascale Khairallah, Elizabeth C Lorenz, Amy Waterman, Nidhi Aggarwal, Akshta Pai, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Jingbo Niu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale & objective: The management and outcomes of kidney transplant recipients have evolved over the past 3 decades. This study of US patients whose first kidney allograft failed examined long-term trends in subsequent waitlisting, retransplantation, and all-cause mortality.

Study design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting & participants: Patients recorded in the US Renal Data System (USRDS) whose first kidney allograft failed between 1990 and 2019.

Exposure: The 5-year period in which the allograft failure occurred: 1990-1994, 1995-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014, or 2015-2019.

Outcome: (1) Waitlisting for retransplantation, (2) retransplantation, and (3) all-cause mortality following first allograft failure.

Analytical approach: Competing risk …

Patient Consent And The Right To Notice And Explanation Of Ai Systems Used In Health Care, Meghan E Hurley, Benjamin H Lang, Kristin Marie Kostick-Quenet, Jared N Smith, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Given the need for enforceable guardrails for artificial intelligence (AI) that protect the public and allow for innovation, the U.S. Government recently issued a Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights which outlines five principles of safe AI design, use, and implementation. One in particular, the right to notice and explanation, requires accurately informing the public about the use of AI that impacts them in ways that are easy to understand. Yet, in the healthcare setting, it is unclear what goal the right to notice and explanation serves, and the moral importance of patient-level disclosure. We propose three normative functions …

Navigating Your Us Bioscience Career Into The 2030s, Peter J Hotez

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The coming decade might see major cuts to the United States Government funding for biomedicine and the mainstreaming of pseudoscience. But your biosciences PhD gives you the problem-solving skills to navigate this maelstrom, especially if you maintain flexibility, optimism, and enthusiasm for uncharted paths.

Risk Of Traumatic Brain Injury In Deployment And Nondeployment Settings Among Members Of The Millennium Cohort Study, Kalyn C Jannace, Lisa Pompeii, David Gimeno Ruiz De Porras, William Brett Perkison, Jose-Miguel Yamal, Daniel W Trone, Rudolph P Rull

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To describe and quantify the prevalence and risk of deployment and nondeployment service-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) among participants of the Millennium Cohort Study.

Setting: Survey data.

Participants: 28 759 Millennium Cohort Study participants who were active duty, Reserves, or National Guard at the time of the survey.

Design: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis.

Main measures: Estimates of prevalence and rates of TBI were calculated. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated rate ratios of TBI overall and stratified by deployment and nondeployment settings.

Results: The rate of TBI over the 362 535 person-years (PY) was 2.95 p/100 PY. the nondeployment rate was …

Genetic Characterization Of A Large Cohort Of Individuals With A Clinical Suspicion Of Hypophosphatasia In The United States., Eric T. Rush, Guillermo Del Angel, Juan Dong, Toby Bates, Robert D. Steiner, Allison Cox

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare metabolic disease resulting from variants in ALPL, inherited in an either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant manner. Sponsored clinical ALPL testing was offered in the US for individuals with a clinical suspicion of HPP. Gene variants were assessed to determine the likelihood of identifying disease-causing variants, uncover genotype-phenotype relationships, and for further understanding of ALPL variants in the US HPP population. Variants were detected by Sanger sequencing and classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP; positive test result), variant(s) of uncertain significance (indeterminate test result), benign or likely benign (negative test result), or no variants …

Trends And Disparities In Antiretroviral Therapy Prescription Rates Among Us Medicare Beneficiaries With Hiv, Xiaoying Yu, Yong-Fang Kuo, Ashley A Dike, Tsola Efejuku, Mukaila A Raji, Abbey B Berenson, Thomas P Giordano

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescription rates over time among US Medicare enrolees with HIV and to describe disparities in ART prescription and associated factors.

Method: We constructed successive cross-sectional cohorts including adult enrollees with HIV and fee-for-service coverage and Part D enrolment in US Medicare between 2007 and 2019. We calculated the percentage of receipt of any ART prescription (ART%) in a calendar year by sex, age, and original Medicare entitlement and calculated age-sex standardized ART% over time. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between ART prescription and sociodemographic factors and chronic …

Proceedings Of The National Cancer Institute Workshop On Combining Immunotherapy With Radiotherapy: Challenges And Opportunities For Clinical Translation, Zachary S Morris, Sandra Demaria, Arta M Monjazeb, Silvia C Formenti, Ralph R Weichselbaum, James Welsh, Heiko Enderling, Jonathan D Schoenfeld, Joshua D Brody, Heather M Mcgee, Michele Mondini, Michael S Kent, Kristina H Young, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Sana D Karam, Willemijn S M E Theelen, Joe Y Chang, Mai Anh Huynh, Adi Daib, Sean Pitroda, Caroline Chung, Raphael Serre, Clemens Grassberger, Jie Deng, Quaovi H Sodji, Anthony T Nguyen, Ravi B Patel, Simone Krebs, Anusha Kalbasi, Caroline Kerr, Claire Vanpouille-Box, Logan Vick, Todd A Aguilera, Irene M Ong, Fernanda Herrera, Hari Menon, Deedee Smart, Jalal Ahmed, Robyn D Gartrell, Christina L Roland, Fatemeh Fekrmandi, Binita Chakraborty, Eric H Bent, Tracy J Berg, Alan Hutson, Samir Khleif, Andrew G Sikora, Lawrence Fong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radiotherapy both promotes and antagonises tumour immune recognition. Some clinical studies show improved patient outcomes when immunotherapies are integrated with radiotherapy. Safe, greater than additive, clinical response to the combination is limited to a subset of patients, however, and how radiotherapy can best be combined with immunotherapies remains unclear. The National Cancer Institute-Immuno-Oncology Translational Network-Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer-American Association of Immunology Workshop on Combining Immunotherapy with Radiotherapy was convened to identify and prioritise opportunities and challenges for radiotherapy and immunotherapy combinations. Sessions examined the immune effects of radiation, barriers to anti-tumour immune response, previous clinical trial data, immunological and …

The Association Between Gulf War Illness And Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors Among Gulf War Era Veterans, Rachele K Lipsky, Drew A Helmer, Jean C Beckham, Patrick S Calhoun, Mary Jo Pugh, Nathan A Kimbrel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The rate of death by suicide is elevated among Veterans of all eras. Chronic symptoms of pain, depression, and sleep disturbances are also common among Veterans, and these symptoms are associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. About 25% of the 697,000 Gulf War Era Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf theater in 1990-1991 remain afflicted with chronic, unexplained symptoms known as Gulf War Illness (GWI). This study used data from a national sample of Gulf War Veterans (N = 1142) who completed a survey of demographic, military, and health information. Multivariable logistic regression models, controlling for confounding variables, tested for …