Digital Commons Network^™

Potential Deaths Averted And Serious Adverse Events Incurred From Adoption Of The Sprint (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) Intensive Blood Pressure Regimen In The United States: Projections From Nhanes (National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey), Adam P. Bress, Holly Kramer, Rasha Khatib, Srinivasan Beddhu, Alfred K. Cheung, Rachel Hess, Vinod K. Bansal, Guichan Cao, Jerry Yee, Andrew E. Moran, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Paul Muntner, Richard S. Cooper

Nephrology Articles

BACKGROUND: SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) demonstrated a 27% reduction in all-cause mortality with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) goal ofmellitus, stroke, or heart failure. To quantify the potential benefits and risks of SPRINT intensive goal implementation, we estimated the deaths prevented and excess serious adverse events incurred if the SPRINT intensive SBP treatment goal were implemented in all eligible US adults.

METHODS: SPRINT eligibility criteria were applied to the 1999 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and linked with the National Death Index through December 2011. SPRINT eligibility included age ≥50 years, SBP of 130 to …

Military Transitioning Programs And Civilian Life Preparedness: A Phenomenological Study About The Process Of Transitioning Out Of The Military And Into The Civilian Life, Wilisha Daniels

Graduate Research Symposium (2010 - 2017)

In recent years, there has been an increase in transitioning programs for military personnel. Since the September 11, attacks on America, millions of U.S. troops have been deployed to the Middle East. The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have jointly proved to be the longest running conflicts/campaigns in the history of the U.S. Over the past 15 years, approximately, 2.3 million sevicemembers have served in the U.S. military during this conflict.

This study will investigate the process of transitioning of servicemembers from a perspective of acculturation. By exploring the lived experience of veterans, this study will attempt to gain a …

Migration And Injustice In The Neoliberal Era: A Comparative Analysis Of Migratory Laws And Sweatshop Labor Conditions In Argentina And The United States, Kelly L. Johnson

Spanish Honors Papers

In the contemporary neoliberal era, the global phenomenon of migration dominates the international political discourse and generates empirical and normative questions regarding the admission, rights, and realities of migrants who leave their home countries to live elsewhere. Argentina and the United States are countries in which migration was, and continues to be, a main factor in shaping the nation’s identity. Despite the similar migratory phenomenon in both of these countries, their migratory policies vastly differ—Argentina considers migration to be a right, but the United States constantly strengthens its efforts to deter migrants from entering the country. Even though migratory policies …

2016 Business Report And Financial Statements Of The Magyar Nemzeti Bank, Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Mnb)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Political Realignments: How America Evolves, Alexia Pappalardo

Academic Festival

The most prevalent theme in American politics is change. The nation’s unceasing inclination toward change shapes electoral behavior during a subsequent election, constantly evolving American foreign policy, prominent social issues, and economic advancement. The nation’s historical bipartisan system has facilitated electoral shifts that have been consequently defined as critical elections, or political realignments. These critical elections realigned the electorate from one party’s platform with inherent values, policies, and social positions, to another that felt progressively applicable for both the social and economic climate of the time. This research explores the various political alignments throughout our nation's history, and how those …

A Comparative Analysis Of Infection Control Processes And Outcomes Between The United States And Ireland, Yaritza Grant, Samantha Haug, Sarah Purcell

Academic Festival

After studying abroad in Ireland, infection control rates were compared to that of the USA.Through experiences with Irish nursing faculty and nurses, we learned about, as well as observed, the differing and innovative methods for infection control. The clinical differences between each country were analyzed alongside healthcare associated infections. The goals of this project are to shed light on the variability of infection control approaches from the USA and Ireland and how these procedures affect the actual rates of infection in each country.

American Flooding And National Security, Tavish M. Riley

COLA Research and Creativity Conference

Flooding is a powerful force of nature that shows no inherent care for where it strikes. This study mapped flood locations and frequencies in the United States. The data presented is an analysis of major flood events in the lower forty-eight states between 1970-2016. The maps reflect the death tolls, locations, and overall cost of their damages, along with precipitation data and stream gauge readings. This study focuses on larger flood events, particularly those resulting in true damage to both the nation’s infrastructure and economy.

Results suggest that there are areas in the United States that have higher potential for …

What Might Tax Reform Look Like?, Donald Roth

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

"When it comes to tax reform, it has been most consistently successful when lower rates are coupled with reduced complexity and closed loopholes."

Posting about changing American tax plans from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation.

http://inallthings.org/what-might-tax-reform-look-like/

5 Things You May Not Know About Our Tax System, Donald Roth

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

"Let’s take a look at some important features of our tax system of which you might not be aware."

Posting about current American tax practices from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation.

http://inallthings.org/5-things-you-may-not-know-about-our-tax-system/

How Did We Get Our Tax System? (And What Can That Teach Us About Reforming It?), Donald Roth

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

"In celebration of the 30^th compliance year of the Internal Revenue Code, I’ve compiled three articles covering the past, present, and future of America’s tax system."

Posting about ­­­­­­­­the history of American taxation from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation.

http://inallthings.org/how-did-we-get-our-tax-system-and-what-can-that-teach-us-about-reforming-it/

Advancing Auer In An Era Of Retreat, Stephen M. Johnson

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Going … Going … Public? Taking A United States Professional Sports League Public, Ian A. Mclin

William & Mary Business Law Review

The four major American professional sports leagues—the MLB, NBA, NHL, and NFL—are wildly popular, but the leagues fail to capitalize fully on their success because they are organized in a largely inefficient manner. By organizing as unincorporated non-profits, leagues forgo their ability to raise capital via investors, forcing taxpayers to bear the burden of league investments such as new stadium construction. Further, the current organizational model creates a collective action problem, as self-interested team owners focus their support on actions that benefit their own franchise and leave ineffective commissioners in power.

A solution to these problems is for a professional …

Evicted: The Socio-Legal Case For The Right To Housing, Lisa T. Alexander

Faculty Scholarship

Matthew Desmond's Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City is a triumphant work that provides the missing socio-legal data needed to prove why America should recognize housing as a human right. Desmond's masterful study of the effect of evictions on Milwaukee's urban poor in the wake of the 2008 U.S. housing crisis humanizes the evicted, and their landlords, through rich and detailed ethnographies. His intimate portrayals teach Evicted's readers about the agonizingly difficult choices that low-income, unsubsidized tenants must make in the private rental market. Evicted also reveals the contradictions between "law on the books" and "law-in-action." Its most …

Worshipping Bacchus: Prohibition In Savannah, 1899-1922, Lisa Denmark

SOLON Law, Crime and History (previously SOLON Crimes and Misdemeanours: Deviance and the Law in Historical Perspective)

Worshipping Bacchus: Prohibition in Savannah, 1899-1922' examines the failure of prohibition at the local level. Savannah’s citizens determined to quench their thirst in defiance of state and subsequently national law. In the process, they received unofficial sanction of the local government, whose leaders refused to criminalize the manufacture and sale of alcohol. Prohibitionists could not use their significant organizational ability and lobbying to compel enforcement. Their efforts demonstrated not only the weakness of the state executive but more importantly the real power held by local governments.

Modelling Public-Education Spending Vs. Allocation As Independent Factors Of Educational Outcomes, Kevin Tasley

Undergraduate Economic Review

This paper explores and expands upon the work of Hanushek and Wößmann (2007) whose accumulated findings propose increased educational spending provides only marginal returns in terms of student’s cognitive outcomes. This study constructs an OLS regression model to explore the significance of U.S. state education spending and financial allocations as independent factors of state-level average ACT scores over a 10-year time series. The model additionally accounts for self-selection and socio-economic status. The results of this study support Hanushek and Wößmann’s conclusions while also demonstrating evidence that shifts in allocations towards instructional spending, as opposed to increasing total expenditures, could have …

The First Modern Bailout: The Barings Crisis Of 1890 And The Bank Of England, Asha Banerjee

Documents

No abstract provided.

Ruling In Perry Capital Appeal Shackles Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac Shareholders, Carl Horowitz

Documents

No abstract provided.

Corporate Purpose And Litigation Risk In Publicly Held U.S. Benefit Corporations, Joan Macleod Heminway

Seattle University Law Review

With the likely prospect of publicly held U.S. benefit corporations in mind, this Article engages in a thought experiment. Specifically, the Article views the publicly held U.S. benefit corporation from the perspective of litigation risk. It first situates, in Part I, the U.S. benefit corporation in its structural and governance context as an incorporated business association. Corporate purpose and the attendant managerial authority, responsibilities, and fiduciary duties are the key points of reference. Then, in Part II, the Article seeks to identify and describe the salient, unique litigation risks that may be associated with publicly held corporations with the structural …

Droughtscape, Spring 2017, National Drought Mitigation Center

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

Contents

Drought center helps islands reduce drought vulnerability

2017 sees above-average precipitation, warmer temps

California pulls out of drought

After tech transfer, training Tunisia launches first drought map

Drought center releases 2016 annual report

Book chapter focuses on drought and health

U2U wraps up, brings useful tools to farmers

Survey finds drought info leads to better decisions

Judicial Supremacy Revisited: Independent Constitutional Authority In American Constitutional Law And Practice, Mark A. Graber

William & Mary Law Review

The Supreme Court exercises far less constitutional authority in American law and practice than one would gather from reading judicial opinions, presidential speeches, or the standard tomes for and against judicial supremacy. Lower federal court judges, state court justices, federal and state elected officials, persons charged with administering the law, and ordinary citizens often have the final say on particular constitutional controversies or exercise temporary constitutional authority in ways that have more influence on the parties to that controversy than the eventual Supreme Court decision. In many instances, Supreme Court doctrine sanctions or facilitates the exercise of independent constitutional authority …

Negotiating For The Environment: Lbj’S Contributions To The Environmental Movement, Nancy M. Germano

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

No abstract provided.

The Surgeon General's Facing Addiction Report: An Historic Document For Healthcare, S. Levy, J. P. Seale, Victoria A. Osborne, K. L. Kraemer, D. P. Alford, J. Baxter, D. S. Finnell, H. Kunins, A. Y. Walley, D. C. Lewis, D. Maclane-Baeder, A. J. Gordon

School of Social Work Faculty Publications

The publication of Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General's Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health presents an historic moment not only for the field of addiction medicine, but also for the United States as a nation. The Board of Directors of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (AMERSA), on behalf of our organization, would like to express our appreciation of the efforts of Dr. Vivek Murthy and the Surgeon General's Office to publish the first surgeon general's report covering substance misuse and substance use disorders.

Book Review: American Myths, Legends, And Tall Tales: An Encyclopedia Of American Folklore, Jennifer A. Bartlett

Library Faculty and Staff Publications

Compilations of American folklore are constantly being rewritten to reflect the increasing diversity and variety of American culture. Many readers grew up with Benjamin Botkin’s classic collection A Treasury of American Folklore (Crown 1944), which featured a foreword written by Carl Sandburg and stories about Pecos Bill, Johnny Appleseed, Brer Rabbit and other popular myths, legends, and tall tales. Today, new legends are entering the folklore lexicon to reflect the influence of urban myths, historical events, science fiction, conspiracy theories, and mass media. This three-volume set offers a fascinating look at both traditional and newer folklore, including “Internet Hoaxes,” the …

Immunotherapy Of Head And Neck Cancer: Emerging Clinical Trials From A National Cancer Institute Head And Neck Cancer Steering Committee Planning Meeting., Julie E Bauman, Ezra Cohen, Robert L Ferris, David J Adelstein, David M Brizel, John A Ridge, Brian O'Sullivan, Barbara A Burtness, Lisa H Butterfield, William E Carson, Mary L Disis, Bernard A Fox, Thomas F Gajewski, Maura L Gillison, James W Hodge, Quynh-Thu Le, David Raben, Scott E Strome, Jean Lynn, Shakun Malik

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Recent advances have permitted successful therapeutic targeting of the immune system in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). These new immunotherapeutic targets and agents are being rapidly adopted by the oncologic community and hold considerable promise. The National Cancer Institute sponsored a Clinical Trials Planning Meeting to address the issue of how to further investigate the use of immunotherapy in patients with HNSCC. The goals of the meeting were to consider phase 2 or 3 trial designs primarily in 3 different patient populations: those with previously untreated, human papillomavirus-initiated oropharyngeal cancers; those with previously untreated, human papillomavirus-negative HNSCC; and …

State Emergency Department Opioid Guidelines: Current Status., Robert I Broida, Tanner Gronowski, Andrew F Kalnow, Andrew G Little, Christopher M Lloyd

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and categorize current state-sponsored opioid guidelines for the practice of emergency medicine (EM).

METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of EM-specific opioid prescribing guidelines and/or policies in each state to determine current state involvement in EM opioid prescribing, as well as to evaluate some of the specifics of each guideline or policy. The search was conducted using an online query and a follow-up email request to each state chapter of ACEP.

RESULTS: We found that 17 states had emergency department-specific guidelines. We further organized the guidelines into four categories: limiting prescriptions …

Designing Frameworks For Central Bank Liquidity Assistance: Addressing New Challenges, Bank For International Settlements (Bis): Committee On The Global Financial System

Documents

No abstract provided.

Gse Reform: Creating A Sustainable, More Vibrant Secondary Mortgage Market, Mortgage Bankers Association (Mba)

Documents

This proposal contains reform suggestions aim to improve the function of GSEs, as well the housing market.

Expectations For Treatment In Pediatric Weight Management And Relationship To Attrition., Erinn T. Rhodes, Richard E. Boles, Kimberly Chin, Amy Christison, Elizabeth Getzoff Testa, Kimberly Guion, Mary Jane Hawkins, Carter R. Petty, Bethany Sallinen Gaffka, Melissa Santos, Laura Shaffer, Jared Tucker, Sarah Hampl

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Attrition in pediatric weight management negatively impacts treatment outcomes. A potentially modifiable contributor to attrition is unmet family expectations. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adolescent and parent/guardian treatment expectations and attrition.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, nonrandomized, uncontrolled, single-arm pilot trial was conducted among 12 pediatric weight management programs in the Children's Hospital Association's FOCUS on a Fitter Future collaborative. Parents/guardians and adolescents completed an expectations/goals survey at their initial visit, with categories including healthier food/drinks, physical activity/exercise, family support/behavior, and weight management goals. Attrition was assessed at 3 months.

RESULTS: From January to August 2013, …

Hla-B*57:01 Allele Prevalence In Hiv-Infected North American Subjects And The Impact Of Allele Testing On The Incidence Of Abacavir-Associated Hypersensitivity Reaction In Hla-B*57:01-Negative Subjects, Catherine Small, D Margolis, M Shaefer, L Ross

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The presence of the HLA-B*57:01 allele in HIV-infected subjects is associated with a higher risk of abacavir-associated hypersensitivity reaction (ABC HSR). HLA-B*57:01 allele prevalence varies in different populations, but HLA-B*57:01 testing with immunological confirmation has had a negative predictive value for ABC HSR between 97 and 100%. METHODS: In the ASSURE study (EPZ113734), the HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in virologically suppressed, antiretroviral treatment-experienced, HIV-infected subjects from the United States, including Puerto Rico, was assessed. RESULTS: Three hundred eighty-five subjects were screened; 13 were HLA-B*57:01 positive and 372 were negative. Only HLA-B*57:01-negative, abacavir-naive subjects were eligible to enroll into the ASSURE trial. …

A Moment In History Relevant To The Modern Era, Brandon R. Katzung Hokanson

Student Publications

April 6, 1917 is a date that deserves great recognition and remembrance in the United States. On that day, the United States chose to enter a war that it had previously so ardently tried to avoid. Upon entrance, the United States forged a new national identity that looked past racial and religious barriers with a new mission to protect global democracy. On April 6, 2017, the 100th anniversary of America entering the First World War, news and other media throughout the United States seemed to care so little about the significance of the date and unfortunately passed over an excellent …