Digital Commons Network^™

New State Records For 33 Species Of Nearctic False Click Beetles (Coleoptera: Eucnemidae), Robert L. Otto

Insecta Mundi

New state records for 33 species of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) are reported from the eastern United States based on the examination and identifications of specimens from four institutional and personal collections over the past several years. Images of 12 eucnemid species are also provided.

Recently, opportunities were presented to identify more than 880 Eucnemidae from four institutional and personal collections. Most of the specimens came from the Carnegie Museum of Natural History and were collected during the national bark beetle surveys conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture. The survey has been instrumental in providing more state records of Eucnemidae …

Central American Migration Patterns: How The Actions Of The United States Have Impacted Emigration From The Northern Triangle Of Central America, Sydney Newby

Honors Projects

This paper is based on the fact that there is a growing number of Americans who feel negatively about immigrants, especially from Latin America. However, these people do not consider what role their own country plays in these migration patterns. There has been an increase in migration from Central America, specifically the countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras and there has been research by experts on what has caused this migration surge. Some of these reasons include political and economic instability. However, a lesser explored reason in the field and a reason that is likely not considered by the …

Future Of Biomedical, Agricultural, And Biological Systems Research Using Domesticated Animals, Thomas E Spencer, Kevin D Wells, Kiho Lee, Bhanu P Telugu, Peter J Hansen, Frank F Bartol, Leann Blomberg, Lawrence B Schook, Harry Dawson, Joan K Lunney, John P Driver, Teresa A Davis, Sharon M Donovan, Ryan N Dilger, Linda J Saif, Adam Moeser, Jodi L Mcgill, George Smith, James J Ireland

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Increased knowledge of reproduction and health of domesticated animals is integral to sustain and improve global competitiveness of U.S. animal agriculture, understand and resolve complex animal and human diseases, and advance fundamental research in sciences that are critical to understanding mechanisms of action and identifying future targets for interventions. Historically, federal and state budgets have dwindled and funding for the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) competitive grants programs remained relatively stagnant from 1985 through 2010. This shortage in critical financial support for basic and applied research, coupled with the underappreciated knowledge of …

How Would Jesus Watch This? An Investigation Into Dance Restrictions In American Protestantism, Rebecca Lynn Huppenthal

Theatre & Dance ETDs

In the United States there has been many disagreements concerning the place of dance within Protestant Christianity. Some denominations have banned dance entirely while other utilize dance as an essential element of worship. At the center of this argument is the understanding, treatment, and use of the physical body. Beginning in the sixteenth century through current times, I analyze specific Protestant denominations including the Puritans, Evangelical Fundamentalists, Southern Baptists, the Shakers, certain African American denominations, and Pentecostals. Additionally, I examine notable liturgical modern dancers, as well as my own choreographic work, a dance film titled Rebirth. This research displays …

The Effects Of Partisan Framing On Covid-19 Attitudes: Experimental Evidence From Early And Late Pandemic, Amber Wichowsky, Meghan Condon

Political Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Political polarization has dominated news coverage of Americans’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research note, we report findings from two experimental studies, in which we present respondents with news stories about COVID-19 mitigation measures that emphasize partisan difference or accord. The stories present the same numeric facts about public opinion, but highlight either the partisan gap that existed at the time of the study, or the fact that large majorities of both Republicans and Democrats supported the measures at the time. Results from our first study, conducted late April 2020, show that a media frame drawing attention to …

Typologies Of Stress Appraisal And Problem-Focused Coping: Associations With Compliance With Public Health Recommendations During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Justin F. Landy, Aya Shigeto, Daniel J. Laxman, Lawrence M. Scheier

Faculty Articles

BACKGROUND: Given prior research finding that young adults are less likely to engage in recommended public health behaviors (PHBs) than older adults, understanding who is and is not likely to engage in PHBs among young adults is crucial to mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on the Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping, this study examined how typologies of stress appraisal (SA) and problem-focused coping (PFC) among young adults were associated with compliance with public health recommendations during the pandemic.

METHODS: An online sample of young adults in the United States, ages 18-35, was recruited during the early …

Need For Better And Broader Training In Cardio-Obstetrics: A National Survey Of Cardiologists, Cardiovascular Team Members, And Cardiology Fellows In Training, Natalie A Bello, Akanksha Agrawal, Melinda B Davis, Colleen M Harrington, Kathryn J Lindley, Margo B Minissian, Garima Sharma, Mary Norine Walsh, Ki Park

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background Team-based models of cardio-obstetrics care have been developed to address the increasing rate of maternal mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular clinician and trainee knowledge and comfort with this topic, and the extent of implementation of an interdisciplinary approach to cardio-obstetrics, are unknown. Methods and Results We aimed to assess the current state of cardio-obstetrics knowledge, practices, and services provided by US cardiovascular clinicians and trainees. A survey developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology was circulated to a representative sample of cardiologists (N=311), cardiovascular team members (N=51), and fellows in training (N=139) from June 18, 2020, to …

Social Capital, Urbanization Level, And Covid-19 Vaccination Uptake In The United States: A National Level Analysis, Shan Qiao, Zhenlong Li, Jiajia Zhang, Xiaowen Sun, Camryn Garrett, Xiaoming Li

Faculty Publications

Vaccination remains the most promising mitigation strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic. However, existing literature shows significant disparities in vaccination uptake in the United States. Using publicly available national-level data, we aimed to explore if county-level social capital can further explain disparities in vaccination uptake rates when adjusting for demographic and social determinants of health (SDOH) variables, and if association between social capital and vaccination uptake may vary by urbanization level. Bivariate analyses and a hierarchical multivariable quasi-binomial regression analysis were conducted, where the regression analysis was stratified by urban–rural status. The current study suggests that social capital contributes significantly to …

Toomey’S Vote Against Ketanji Brown Jackson Set A Dangerous Precedent. Here's Why, Bruce Ledewitz

Newspaper Columns

Collected biweekly contributions to the Pennsylvania Capital-Star, a nonpartisan, nonprofit news site.

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Scott Alvarez, Scott G. Alvarez, Steven Kelly

Documents

Suggested Citation Form: Alvarez, Scott, 2022. “Lessons Learned Interview."Interview by Steven Kelly. Yale Program on Financial Stability Lessons Learned Oral History Project. April 14, 2022. Transcript. https://ypfs.som.yale.edu/library/ypfs-lesson-learned-oral-history-project-interview-scott-alvarez-2

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Review Of The Evidence For The 2021 Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines., Paul Nyirjesy, Carolyn Brookhart, Gweneth Lazenby, Jane Schwebke, Jack D Sobel

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common cause of vulvovaginal itching and discharge. This article discusses the latest CDC STI Treatment Guidelines for VVC.

METHODS: A literature search of relevant topics was performed, and a team of experts was convened to discuss (1) diagnosis/testing modalities; treatment of (2) uncomplicated VVC , (3) complicated VVC, and (4) VVC caused by non-albicans yeast; (5) alternative treatment regimens; (6) susceptibility testing of yeast; Special Populations: (7) pregnancy and (8) HIV and VVC.

RESULTS: Yeast culture remains the gold standard for diagnoses. Newer molecular assays have been developed for the diagnosis of VVC and …

Envisioning Future Urinary Tract Infection Diagnostics, Robin Patel, Christopher R Polage, Jennifer Dien Bard, Larissa May, Francesca M Lee, Valeria Fabre, Mary K Hayden, Sarah D B Doernberg, David A Haake, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan, Ephraim L Tsalik, Kimberly E Hanson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in the United States and are a major driver of antibiotic use, both appropriate and inappropriate, across healthcare settings. Novel UTI diagnostics are a strategy that might enable better UTI treatment. Members of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group Laboratory Center and the Infectious Diseases Society of America Diagnostics Committee convened to envision ideal future UTI diagnostics, with a view towards improving delivery of healthcare, patient outcomes and experiences, and antibiotic use, addressing which types of UTI diagnostics are needed and how companies might approach development of novel UTI diagnostics.

Online Special Education In The United States And Peru: A Comparison Of Responses To Covid-19, Maria Berrocal

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Public special education systems have distinct levels of economic resources at the international and local levels, as well as different social-cultural attitudes toward students with disabilities. This study is an in-depth exploration of those differences as they apply to the special education systems of Peru and the United States within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. I give particular focus to Aprendo en casa, a Peruvian multichannel distance education service for television, radio, and the Internet that was launched in April of 2020 because of the state emergency. I examine lessons from Aprendo en casa to identify the learning strategies …

Demographic And Regional Trends Of Mortality In Patients With Aortic Dissection In The United States, 1999 To 2019, Salik Nazir, Robert W Ariss, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Rochell Issa, Erin D Michos, Yochai Birnbaum, George V Moukarbel, P Kasi Ramanathan, Hani Jneid

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background Aortic dissection (AoD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, the burden of AoD mortality is not well characterized, and contemporary data and mortality trends in different demographic and geographic subgroups have not been described. Methods and Results Trends in AoD mortality were assessed using a cross-sectional analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1 million people with associated annual percent changes were determined. Joinpoint regression was used to assess trends in the overall sample and different demographic (sex, race and ethnicity, …

The Fuel For Neo-Nazism, Brandon M. Rubsamen

Global Tides

This paper attempts to explain the cause of support for far-right extremism movements in Europe. It takes a comparative approach in explaining that support by first analyzing Germany and Luxembourg. In each country, politics, history, economics, and society are explored in order to elicit a root cause. Once that main factor is found, Norway and Greece are also analyzed to see if the hypothesis holds. Political stability is hypothesized to be the root cause in far-right support in Germany (and lack thereof in Luxembourg), and the examples of Norway and Greece support this hypothesis. By comparing and contrasting aspects of …

The Twilight Of Liberty: Lessons For The United States From Rome’S Dying Republic, Matthew Mccracken

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

A historical comparison of the rise of ancient Rome and the United States as great republics, how the former dissolved under the weight of social, political, and cultural strife, and how the latter may avoid a similar breakdown.

Fellowship Is Fundamental To A Flourishing Community, Drew Varner

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Economist's Moral Reasoning On Foreign Aid, Stephen Langeland

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Upholding Human Rights In North Korea, Deborah Adeniji

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

U.S. Warfare Within The Fifth Domain: Deterring Russian Cyber Aggression, Dominick Namias, Jacob Chace

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

No abstract provided.

Accessibility And Public Services - Part 1: The Case For Access, Annie Bélanger

Scholarly Papers and Articles

Libraries serve an important role in accessing information, delivering services, and fostering a sense of community. Libraries must ask whether they are serving all of their community members equitably. People with disabilities need to be able to access the libraries fully. This article first provides an overview of accessibility-related legislative history in the US, Canada and Ontario, and Australia to contextualize its impact on services to people with disabilities. The medical and social models of disability are explored. Lastly an overview of the history of libraries and accessibility cements the moral, ethical, and legal reasons to serve people with disabilities.

Childhood Food Insecurity In The United States, Bethany Tsiaras

Community Engagement Student Work

Childhood food insecurity in the United States is caused by a variety of barriers that lead to negative health outcomes for children. The COVID-19 pandemic has also impacted food insecurity for children. Policies and programs aimed at combating food insecurity have the potential to better serve the community with updates and changes.

Trust In Government And The Ideological Center Of The American Public, Madison Crenshaw

[Archive] Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)

In the age of extreme political polarization, the American public stands more divided and more distrustful of government than ever before. Although polarization continues to persist, the average ideological center of the American public has continued to move to the left as distrust has continued to fall. This paper looks to establish a significant relationship between the American public's trust levels and the average ideological center of the American public from 1994-2017. By analyzing survey data means from Pew Research Center, this paper hopes to determine the influence of the ideological center on levels of trust in the American Public.

Droughtscape, Spring 2022, National Drought Mitigation Center

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

DroughtScape, Spring 2022

Waking Up To Sleep’S Role In Obesity And Blood Pressure Among Black Adolescent Girls In Low-Income, Us Urban Communities: A Longitudinal Analysis, Angela Cristina Bizzotto Trude, Bridget Armstrong Ph.D., Adrina Kramer Fiala Machado Ph.D., Emerson M. Wickwire, Lauren B. Covington, Yan Wang, Erin Hager, Maureen M. Black

Faculty Publications

Objective

To identify longitudinal bidirectional associations between unique sleep trajectories and obesity and hypertension among Black, adolescent girls.

Design, setting, and participants

Longitudinal data were from a randomized controlled trial (2009-2013) implemented in schools serving low-income communities aimed at preventing obesity among adolescent girls (mean age = 12.2 years (standard deviation ± 0.72).

Measures

Nocturnal sleep data were extracted from accelerometers at T1 (enrollment, n = 470), T2 (6-month, n = 348), and T3 (18-month follow-up, n = 277); height and weight were measured at T1-T3; and systolic/diastolic blood pressure at T1 and T3 using an oscillometric monitor. Multilevel models …

"A House Falleth": The Civil War Mixed Loyalties Of The Garland Family, Simeon Newton

Senior Honors Theses

The Civil War was a conflict that pitted father against son and brother against brother. Specifically, the family ties between James Longstreet and John Garland illustrate the complexities of the decision to fight for either side. The factors that motivated these men can give valuable insights into the reasons for the Civil War, and understanding these perspectives in a divided world can help Americans avoid a similar conflict today.

The Exchange Of Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Judgments Between Saudi Arabia And The United States, Ibrahim Saleh Aloraini

Maurer Theses and Dissertations

Saudi Arabians and Americans face challenges when they seek to enforce judgments in each other’s country courts because of the absence of international conventions on recognition and enforcement of foreign country money judgments. The lack of such conventions impacts the aggrieved party interest for businesspeople and individuals from both countries, and no research has been found that discusses an agreement between the two counties on foreign judgments. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on the challenges parties face when they desire to enforce a judgment either in Saudi Arabia or the U.S. The study examines the laws that govern foreign country money …

Differences In Covid-19-Related Testing And Healthcare Utilization By Race And Ethnicity In The Veterans Health Administration, Javad Razjouyan, Drew A Helmer, Ang Li, Aanand D Naik, Christopher I Amos, Venkata Bandi, Amir Sharafkhaneh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Recent reports indicate differences in COVID-19-related care and outcomes between Black and White Americans.

OBJECTIVE: We examine the COVID-19-related healthcare utilization and mortality by race and ethnicity of patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: We used the VHA COVID-19 shared data resources between February 1 and June 30, 2020.

PARTICIPANTS: Veterans tested for SARS-CoV-2 virus by VHA.

EXPOSURE(S): Three racial-ethnicity groups of Black, Hispanic, and White (as reference) veterans.

MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S): Main outcomes are testing rate, positivity rate, hospitalization rate, ICU admission rate, and in-hospital mortality. Controlling …

Reach And Adoption Of A Geriatric Emergency Department Accreditation Program In The United States, Maura Kennedy, Adriane Lesser, Juhi Israni, Shan W Liu, Ilianna Santangelo, Nicole Tidwell, Lauren T Southerland, Christopher R Carpenter, Kevin Biese, Surriya Ahmad, Ula Hwang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to describe the reach and adoption of Geriatric Emergency Department Accreditation (GEDA) program and care processes instituted at accredited geriatric emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS: We analyzed a cross-section of a cohort of US EDs that received GEDA from May 2018 to March 2021. We obtained data from the American College of Emergency Physicians and publicly available sources. Data included GEDA level, geographic location, urban/rural designation, and care processes instituted. Frequencies and proportions and median and interquartile ranges were used to summarize categorical and continuous data, respectively.

RESULTS: Over the study period, 225 …

Association Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With Neurologic Adverse Events: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Muhammad Zain Farooq, Sheeba Ba Aqeel, Prasanth Lingamaneni, Rayli Pichardo, Aleeza Jawed, Saad Khalid, Shristi Upadhyay Banskota, Pingfu Fu, Ankit Mangla

Hematology/Oncology Articles

Importance: Neurologic adverse events (NAEs) due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can be fatal but are underexplored.

Objective: To compare NAEs reported in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of US Food and Drug Administration-approved ICIs with other forms of chemotherapy and placebo.

Data Sources: Bibliographic databases (Embase, Ovid, MEDLINE, and Scopus data) and trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched from inception through March 1, 2020.

Study Selection: Phase II/III RCTs evaluating the use of ICIs were eligible for inclusion. Unpublished trials were excluded from the analysis.

Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two investigators independently performed screening of trials using the Preferred Reporting Items …