Digital Commons Network^™

National Cross-Sectional Study On Cost Consciousness, Cost Accuracy, And National Medical Waste Reduction Initiative Knowledge Among Pediatric Hospitalists In The United States, Benjamin C Lee, Matt Hall, Ladan Agharokh, Andrew G Yu, Kavita Parikh, Samir S Shah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Despite initiatives to reduce waste and spending, there is a gap in physician knowledge regarding the cost of commonly ordered items. We examined the relationship between pediatric hospitalists' knowledge of national medical waste reduction initiatives, self-reported level of cost-consciousness (the degree in which cost affects practice), and cost accuracy (how close an estimate is to its hospital cost) at a national level.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used a national, online survey sent to hospitalists at 49 children's hospitals to assess their knowledge of national medical waste reduction initiatives, self-reported cost consciousness, and cost estimates for commonly ordered laboratory studies, …

Return To Sport Following Acl Reconstruction With Slope-Correcting High Tibial Osteotomy In The Elite Athlete, Walter R Lowe, Alfred Mansour, Steven Higbie, Connor Galloway, Jacquelyn Kleihege, Lane Bailey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Increased posterior tibial slope is a strong predictor of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft re-injury. A concomitant slope-reducing high tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been suggested to decrease re-tear risk in these cases although little is known regarding outcomes following ACL reconstruction with HTO, especially in elite athletic patients.

Indications: A 19-year-old National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division 1 running back presented with an ACL tear, lateral meniscus tear, and posterior tibial slope of 19° (case 1). A 19-year-old NCAA Division 1 soccer forward presented with an ACL graft re-tear and posterior tibial slope of 21° (case 2).

Technique: Anterior …

Futility In Acute Care Surgery: First Do No Harm, Melissa Hornor, Uzer Khan, Michael W Cripps, Allyson Cook Chapman, Jennifer Knight-Davis, Thaddeus J Puzio, Bellal Joseph

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The consequences of the delivery of futile or potentially ineffective medical care and interventions are devastating on the healthcare system, our patients and their families, and healthcare providers. In emergency situations in particular, determining if escalating invasive interventions will benefit a frail and/or severely critically ill patient can be exceedingly difficult. In this review, our objective is to define the problem of potentially ineffective care within the specialty of acute care surgery and describe strategies for improving the care of our patients in these difficult situations.

Initial Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair Vs Medical Therapy For Acute Uncomplicated Type B Aortic Dissection, E Hope Weissler, Oyomoare L Osazuwa-Peters, Melissa A Greiner, N Chantelle Hardy, Panagiotis Kougias, Sean M O'Brien, Daniel B Mark, W Schuyler Jones, Eric A Secemsky, Andrew M Vekstein, Sherene Shalhub, Firas F Mussa, Manesh R Patel, Sreekanth Vemulapalli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has increasingly been used for uncomplicated type B aortic dissection (uTBAD) despite limited supporting data.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether initial TEVAR following uTBAD is associated with reduced mortality or morbidity compared with medical therapy alone.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services inpatient claims data for adults aged 65 years or older with index admissions for acute uTBAD from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018, with follow-up available through December 31, 2019.

EXPOSURES: Initial TEVAR was defined as TEVAR within 30 days of admission for acute …

Population-Based Linked Longitudinal Surveillance Of Pregnant People And Their Infants: A Critical Resource For Emerging, Re-Emerging, And Persistent Threats, Van T Tong, Kate R Woodworth, Erin Blau, Neha Shinde, Amanda Akosa, Suzanne M Gilboa, Dana Meaney-Delman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Public health emergencies, from Zika to COVID-19, have underscored the importance of addressing the needs of pregnant people and their infants. Recent events have underlined the critical role of mother-infant-linked longitudinal surveillance to characterize and assess the impacts of emerging, re-emerging, and persistent threats, including infectious diseases, on these populations. In partnership with state, local, and territorial health departments, CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities activated the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET) to capture information about pregnant people with laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and their infants. SET-NET …

Epilepsy Center Characteristics And Geographic Region Influence Presurgical Testing In The United States, Stephanie M Ahrens, Kristen H Arredondo, Anto I Bagić, Shasha Bai, Kevin E Chapman, Michael A Ciliberto, Dave F Clarke, Mariah Eisner, Nathan B Fountain, Jay R Gavvala, M Scott Perry, Kyle C Rossi, Lily C Wong-Kisiel, Susan T Herman, Adam P Ostendorf, Naec Center Director Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

bjective

Persons with drug‐resistant epilepsy may benefit from epilepsy surgery and should undergo presurgical testing to determine potential candidacy and appropriate intervention. Institutional expertise can influence use and availability of evaluations and epilepsy surgery candidacy. This census survey study aims to examine the influence of geographic region and other center characteristics on presurgical testing for medically intractable epilepsy.

Methods

We analyzed annual report and supplemental survey data reported in 2020 from 206 adult epilepsy center directors and 136 pediatric epilepsy center directors in the United States. Test utilization data were compiled with annual center volumes, available resources, and US Census …

Racialization Of Muslim Students In Australia, Ireland, And The United States: Cross-Cultural Perspectives, Melanie C. Brooks, Miriam D. Ezzani Miriam D. Ezzani, Youcef Sai, Fida Sanjakdar

Journal Articles

The purpose of this qualitative cross-cultural case study was to better understand how Muslim students living in Australia, Ireland, and the United States navigated racism to identify ways in which school leaders and teachers can better address the structural, historical, and socioeconomic roots of racial injustice, discrimination, and ongoing oppression. Data collection was guided by a shared interview protocol that asked questions regarding family background, personal interests, identity, and friendships with a focus on their experiences of anti-Muslim racism in secondary schools. Findings suggested that Muslim students navigated racialization by (de)constructing their Muslimness, seeking voice, navigating between inclusion and exclusion, …

Association Of School Infrastructure On Health And Achievement Among Children With Asthma, Tianshi David Wu, Sandra Zaeh, Michelle N Eakin, Kirsten Koehler, Meghan F Davis, Chris Wohn, Ike Diibor, Kevin J Psoter, Curt Cronister, Faith Connolly, Marc Stein, Meredith C Mccormack

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether school infrastructure is associated with health and academic outcomes among elementary school children with asthma.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of linked medical, academic, and facilities data from a large mid-Atlantic school district of the United States. All K-5 students with asthma who were enrolled under the state's Children's Health Insurance Program were included. We estimated associations of the infrastructure quality of the student's school, as assessed by an engineering firm in Summer 2011 and represented by the Facility Condition Index (FCI), with asthma health outcomes, absenteeism, and standardized test scores in math and …

Biologic Targets Of Prescription Medications And Risk Of Neurodegenerative Disease In United States Medicare Beneficiaries, Yizhe Song, Brad A. Racette, Alejandra Camacho-Soto, Susan Searles Nielsen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To identify prescription medications associated with a lower risk of three neurodegenerative diseases: Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

METHODS: We conducted a population-based, case-control study of U.S. Medicare beneficiaries in 2009 (42,885 incident neurodegenerative disease cases, 334,387 randomly selected controls). Using medication data from 2006-2007, we categorized all filled medications according to their biological targets and mechanisms of action on those targets. We used multinomial logistic regression models, while accounting for demographics, indicators of smoking, and health care utilization, to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 141 target-action pairs and each neurodegenerative …

Use Of Learner-Driven, Formative, Ad-Hoc, Prospective Assessment Of Competence In Physical Therapist Clinical Education In The United States: A Prospective Cohort Study, Carey Holleran, Jeffrey Konrad, Barbara Norton, Tamara Burlis, Steven Ambler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to implement a process for learner-driven, formative, prospective, ad-hoc, entrustment assessment in Doctor of Physical Therapy clinical education. Our goals were to develop an innovative entrustment assessment tool, and then explore whether the tool detected (1) differences between learners at different stages of development and (2) differences within learners across the course of a clinical education experience. We also investigated whether there was a relationship between the number of assessments and change in performance.

METHODS: A prospective, observational, cohort of clinical instructors (CIs) was recruited to perform learner-driven, formative, ad-hoc, prospective, entrustment assessments. …

Characterization Of Combined Endoscopies And Aerodigestive Care: An Analysis Of Utilization And Financial Feasibility, Jennifer Brinkmeier, Noor Al-Hammadi, Sumana Shashidhar, Leslie Hinyard, Dhiren Patel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Aerodigestive care is one model of multi-disciplinary care, which is a valuable tool for both providers and patients. Aerodigestive care models are associated with improved outcomes, reduced anesthesia exposure, reduction in hospital admissions, and fewer days of missed work or school. This is the first study to explore national usage and cost trends in combined endoscopy utilization to identify gaps in care and the potential for financial resource optimization.

METHODS: Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kid's Inpatient Sample (KID) was used from 2016 and 2019. Diagnoses and procedures were identified using ICD-10 codes, for patients …

Changes In Distribution Of Severe Neurologic Involvement In Us Pediatric Inpatients With Covid-19 Or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children In 2021 Vs 2020, Kerri L Larovere, Amanda R Kolmar, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: In 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, neurologic involvement was common in children and adolescents hospitalized in the United States for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related complications.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an update on the spectrum of SARS-CoV-2-related neurologic involvement among children and adolescents in 2021.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Case series investigation of patients reported to public health surveillance hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2-related illness between December 15, 2020, and December 31, 2021, in 55 US hospitals in 31 states with follow-up at hospital discharge. A total of 2253 patients were enrolled during the investigation period. Patients suspected of having …

Who Farms The Future? Producing The Next Generation Of Agriculturalists, Jordyn L. Mcmaster Neely

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The proportion of young farmers and ranchers (ages 18-35 years old) within the agricultural workforce has been declining, raising concerns about the sustainability of the food supply. To gather more tools for solving this problem, this thesis research seeks to understand why young people want to work in agriculture by studying how they develop aspirations for an agricultural career. This thesis employed both survey and interview processes to gather data on how participants think about the field of agriculture in the context of both the challenges and opportunities for entry. Participants were asked how wide range of factors contributed to …

Survival Outcomes Used To Validate Version 9 Of The American Joint Committee On Cancer Staging System For Appendiceal Cancer, Lauren M Janczewski, Amanda E Browner, Joseph H Cotler, Heidi Nelson, Sanjay Kakar, Norman J Carr, Nader N Hanna, Andreana N Holowatyj, Richard M Goldberg, M Kay Washington, Elliot A Asare, Michael J Overman, American Joint Committee On Cancer Expert Panel On Cancers For The Lower Gastrointestinal Appendix Disease Site

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The standard for cancer staging in the United States for all cancer sites, including primary carcinomas of the appendix, is the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. AJCC staging criteria undergo periodic revisions, led by a panel of site-specific experts, to maintain contemporary staging definitions through the evaluation of new evidence. Since its last revision, the AJCC has restructured its processes to include prospectively collected data because large data sets have become increasingly robust and available over time. Thus survival analyses using AJCC eighth edition staging criteria were used to inform stage group revisions in the version 9 …

Sociodemographic Differences In Menthol Cigarette Use In The United States, Rajesh Talluri, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Menthol cigarette use is associated with higher smoking initiation and reduced smoking cessation. We investigated sociodemographic differences in menthol and nonmenthol cigarette use in the United States.

Methods: We used the most recent available data from the May 2019 wave of the nationally-representative Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The survey weights were used to estimate the national prevalence of individuals who currently smoke among individuals who use menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes. Survey-weighted logistic regression methods were used to estimate the association of menthol cigarette use with formerly smoking cigarettes and attempting to quit within the past …

Review Article: New Treatments For Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancers And Potential Mechanisms Of Drug Resistance, Sarah Hamidi, Marie-Claude Hofmann, Priyanka C Iyer, Maria E Cabanillas, Mimi I Hu, Naifa L Busaidy, Ramona Dadu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The treatment of advanced, radioiodine refractory, differentiated thyroid cancers (RR-DTCs) has undergone major advancements in the last decade, causing a paradigm shift in the management and prognosis of these patients. Better understanding of the molecular drivers of tumorigenesis and access to next generation sequencing of tumors have led to the development and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approval of numerous targeted therapies for RR-DTCs, including antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitors, and more recently, fusion-specific kinase inhibitors such as RET inhibitors and NTRK inhibitors. BRAF + MEK inhibitors have also been approved for BRAF-mutated solid tumors and are routinely used in RR-DTCs in …

Restorative Practices And Exclusionary School Discipline: An Integrative Review, Ceema Samimi, Tyler M. Han, Amy Navvab, Jennifer A. Sedivy, Yolanda Anyon

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study used integrative review methodology to synthesize research on the relationship between school-based restorative practices and exclusionary discipline outcomes in the United States. Exclusionary discipline outcomes were defined as out-of-school suspensions, expulsions, and referrals to law enforcement. A literature search produced 5,764 publications, and 11 studies were included in the final sample. Peacemaking circles were the most common restorative practice implemented, and secondary analysis of school records was the most common method utilized. Findings indicated that restorative practices are associated with reduced suspension rates, which suggest that school-based restorative practices are a promising approach to reducing exclusionary discipline outcomes.

Factors Associated With Delaying Medical Care: Cross-Sectional Study Of Nebraska Adults, Kendra Ratnapradipa, Snehal Jadhav, Josiane Kabayundo, Hongmei Wang, Lisa C. Smith

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Delayed medical care may result in adverse health outcomes and increased cost. Our purpose was to identify factors associated with delayed medical care in a primarily rural state.

METHODS: Using a stratified random sample of 5,300 Nebraska households, we conducted a cross-sectional mailed survey with online response option (27 October 2020 to 8 March 2021) in English and Spanish. Multiple logistic regression models calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS: The overall response rate was 20.8% (n = 1,101). Approximately 37.8% of Nebraskans ever delayed healthcare (cost-related 29.7%, transportation-related 3.7%), with 22.7% delaying care in the …

Situating Implementation Science (Is) In Res(Is)Tance: A Conceptual Frame Toward The Integration Of Scholarship From The Black Radical Tradition, Cory D Bradley, Whitney C Irie, Elvin H Geng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This manuscript undertakes a disciplinary self-critique of the field of implementation science, a field which attempts to bridge the gap between evidence-based interventions and their practical application. Despite the heightened emphasis on health equity and racial disparities, the field's current discourse is limited by key epistemic shortcomings. First, even though prevalence of implementation gaps between racialized groups in the United States necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the systems perpetuating these disparities, the field does not operate with a general explanation for disparities not as a failure of systems, but a system historically and structural designed to produce disparities. Second, the …

Cannabis Use Disorder, Suicide Attempts, And Self-Harm Among Adolescents: A National Inpatient Study Across The United States, Adeolu Funso Oladunjoye, Elijah Li, Kammarauche Aneni, Edore Onigu-Otite

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Suicide is among the top three causes of adolescent mortality. There is a scarcity of research examining cannabis use and suicidal behavior in adolescents.

Objectives: To determine the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and suicide attempt/self-harm in a hospitalized sample of adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observation study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected over four years from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2019. We included adolescents aged 10-19 hospitalized during the above period (N = 807,105). The primary outcome was suicide attempt/self-harm and the main predictor was CUD. The International Classification of Diseases …

Future Directions In Psychiatric Neurosurgery: Proceedings Of The 2022 American Society For Stereotactic And Functional Neurosurgery Meeting On Surgical Neuromodulation For Psychiatric Disorders, Frederick L Hitti, Alik S Widge, Patricio Riva-Posse, Donald A Malone, Michael S Okun, Maryam M Shanechi, Kelly D Foote, Sarah H Lisanby, Elizabeth Ankudowich, Srinivas Chivukula, Edward F Chang, Aysegul Gunduz, Clement Hamani, Ashley Feinsinger, Cynthia S Kubu, Winston Chiong, Jennifer A Chandler, Rafael Carbunaru, Binith Cheeran, Robert S Raike, Rachel A Davis, Casey H Halpern, Nora Vanegas-Arroyave, Dejan Markovic, Sarah K Bick, Cameron C Mcintyre, R Mark Richardson, Darin D Dougherty, Brian H Kopell, Jennifer A Sweet, Wayne K Goodman, Sameer A Sheth, Nader Pouratian

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Despite advances in the treatment of psychiatric diseases, currently available therapies do not provide sufficient and durable relief for as many as 30-40% of patients. Neuromodulation, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), has emerged as a potential therapy for persistent disabling disease, however it has not yet gained widespread adoption. In 2016, the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (ASSFN) convened a meeting with leaders in the field to discuss a roadmap for the path forward. A follow-up meeting in 2022 aimed to review the current state of the field and to identify critical barriers and milestones for progress. …

Association Of Hospital Centrality In Inter-Hospital Patient-Sharing Networks With Patient Mortality And Length Of Stay, Regan W. Bergmark, Ginger Jin, Robert S. Semco, Marc Santolini, Margaret A. Olsen, Amar Dhand

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The interdependence of hospitals is underappreciated in patient outcomes studies. We used a network science approach to foreground this interdependence. Specifically, within two large state-based interhospital networks, we examined the relationship of a hospital's network position with in-hospital mortality and length of stay.

METHODS: We constructed interhospital network graphs using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project and the American Hospital Association Annual Survey for Florida (2014) and California (2011). The exposure of interest was hospital centrality, defined as weighted degree (sum of all ties to a given hospital from other hospitals). The outcomes were in-hospital mortality and …

Long-Term Outcomes And Trends In Liver Transplantation For Hereditary Hemochromatosis In The United States, Peter Lymberopoulos, Sameer Prakash, Anjiya Shaikh, Anshul Bhatnagar, Anthony K Allam, Karthik Goli, John A Goss, Fasiha Kanwal, Abbas Rana, Kris V Kowdley, Prasun Jalal, George Cholankeril

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There have been conflicting data regarding liver transplantation (LT) outcomes for hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), with no recent data on LT outcomes in patients with HH in the past decade. Using the United Network for Organ Sharing registry, we evaluated waitlist and post-LT survival in all adult patients listed for HH without concomitant liver disease from 2003 to 2019. Post-LT survival for HH was compared with a propensity-matched (recipient and donor factors) cohort of recipients with chronic liver disease (CLD). From 2003 to 2019, 862 patients with HH were listed for LT, of which 55.6% ( n = 479) patients underwent …

A Rapid, Low-Cost, And Highly Sensitive Sars-Cov-2 Diagnostic Based On Whole-Genome Sequencing, Per A Adastra, Neva C Durand, Namita Mitra, Saul Godinez Pulido, Ragini Mahajan, Alyssa Blackburn, Zane L Colaric, Joshua W M Theisen, David Weisz, Olga Dudchenko, Andreas Gnirke, Suhas S P Rao, Parwinder Kaur, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Aviva Presser Aiden

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to managing the current global pandemic, as evidence shows the virus is most contagious on or before symptom onset. Here, we introduce a low-cost, high-throughput method for diagnosing and studying SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dubbed Pathogen-Oriented Low-Cost Assembly & Re-Sequencing (POLAR), this method amplifies the entirety of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. This contrasts with typical RT-PCR-based diagnostic tests, which amplify only a few loci. To achieve this goal, we combine a SARS-CoV-2 enrichment method developed by the ARTIC Network (https://artic.network/) with short-read DNA sequencing and de novo genome assembly. Using this method, we can reliably ( …

Figg At 5: An Update On Us Public Perspectives On Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy Five Years After Its Introduction To Criminal Investigations, Sophie L Schott, April Adams, Ryan J Dougherty, Taylor Montgomery, Folasade C Lapite, Faith E Fletcher

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Nearly 50 years after Roe versus Wade, the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs versus Jackson Women's Health Organization unraveled the constitutional right to abortion, allowing individual states to severely restrict or ban the procedure. In response, leading medical, public health, and community organizations have renewed calls for research to elucidate and address the burgeoning social and medical consequences of new abortion restrictions. Abortion research not only includes studies that establish the safety, quality, and efficacy of evidence-based abortion care protocols, but also encompasses studies on the availability of abortion care, the consequences of being denied an abortion, and …

Trends In Disease Severity Among Critically Ill Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study In The United States, Catherine E Ross, Jeffrey P Burns, Anne V Grossestreuer, Pallav Bhattarai, Christine A Mckiernan, Jennifer D Franks, Sonja Lehmann, Jill L Sorcher, Matthew P Sharron, Kitman Wai, Haitham Al-Wahab, Konstantinos Boukas, Mark W Hall, George Ru, Anita I Sen, Hariprem R Rajasekhar, Lawrence C Kleinman, John K Mcguire, Amy S Arrington, Flor Munoz-Rivas, Christopher M Osborne, Lara S Shekerdemian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: To describe trends in critical illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that PICU admission rates were higher in the Omicron period compared with the original outbreak but that fewer patients needed endotracheal intubation.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: This study took place in nine U.S. PICUs over 3 weeks in January 2022 (Omicron period) compared with 3 weeks in March 2020 (original period).

PATIENTS: Patients less than or equal to 21 years old who screened positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction or …

Dietary Behaviours During Covid-19 Among Households At Risk For Food Insecurity, Maha Almohamad, Allison Marshall, Jayna Markand Dave, Ru-Jye Chuang, Christine Markham, Shreela Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The objective of the present study was to examine associations between variables of COVID-19-related concerns and changes in fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among a sample of participants from the Brighter Bites program at risk for food insecurity. Cross-sectional data were collected during April-June 2020 using a rapid-response survey to understand social needs, COVID-19-related concerns and diet-related behaviours among families with children participating in Brighter Bites (

Renewed Calls For Abortion-Related Research In The Post-Roe Era, Sophie L Schott, April Adams, Ryan J Dougherty, Taylor Montgomery, Folasade C Lapite, Faith E Fletcher

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Nearly 50 years after Roe versus Wade, the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs versus Jackson Women's Health Organization unraveled the constitutional right to abortion, allowing individual states to severely restrict or ban the procedure. In response, leading medical, public health, and community organizations have renewed calls for research to elucidate and address the burgeoning social and medical consequences of new abortion restrictions. Abortion research not only includes studies that establish the safety, quality, and efficacy of evidence-based abortion care protocols, but also encompasses studies on the availability of abortion care, the consequences of being denied an abortion, and …

Svb Financial Group Systemic Risk Report—Fr Y-15, Dan Beck

Documents

No abstract provided.

Comparing Iraq And Usa Health Systems: 2009-2019, Hazim Abdul Rahman Alhiti, Jinan Salman Abid

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: The Iraqi health system has had various obstacles while

the United States health system is within the top world health systems.

Aim: To compare the health systems of Iraq and the United States

between 2009-2019.

Method: This retrospective observational study. It covered five-yearly

demographic health data. Indeed, the author gathered the data for the

Iraqi ministry of health's Annual Health Reports and WHO documents

(2009-2019) on the internet on 21/9/2020 and gathered the data for the

health-united states (2009-2019). The authors applied Microsoft Excel

software 2010 for analysis.

Results: The childbearing age women in Iraq were 7,716,120 (23.8 %) …