Digital Commons Network^™

Swedish Social Welfare And Its Application To American Welfare Systems, Ben Wilson Galloway

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Swedish Social Welfare and its Application to American Welfare Systems concerns itself with the issue of determining the origins of the modern Swedish social welfare system. Additionally, the causes behind the formation of the system are evaluated for their relevancy concerning the formation of the American welfare system. Multiple areas of study are considered, including racial impacts, economic factors, sociological impactors, and demographic variables.

Is Sex With Older Male Partners Associated With Higher Sexual Risk Behavior Among Young Black Msm?, Nicholas Chamberlain, Leandro A. Mena, Angelica Geter, Richard A. Crosby

Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications

Participants at a sexual health clinic completed a survey with questions regarding sexual risk behavior and partner characteristics. Of 585 participants eligible for analysis, 124 reported generally having older male partners. These participants were significantly more likely to be HIV-infected (p < 0.001), have four or more sex partners as a “bottom” (p = 0.04), have concurrent partners (p = 0.01), and have partners suspected of having an sexually transmitted infection (p = 0.05) than participants without older partners. With analysis restricted to HIV− individuals, risk behaviors did not differ significantly between the groups. HIV− individuals with older partners may be at increased risk of HIV infection due …

Blood Pressure And Visit-To-Visit Blood Pressure Variability Among Individuals With Primary Proteinuric Glomerulopathies., Christine B. Sethna, Kevin E C Meyers, Laura H. Mariani, Kevin J. Psoter, Crystal A. Gadegbeku, Keisha L. Gibson, Tarak Srivastava, Matthias Kretzler, Tammy M. Brady

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Hypertension and blood pressure variability (BPV; SD and average real variability) in primary proteinuric glomerulopathies are not well described. Data were from 433 participants in the NEPTUNE (Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network). Hypertensive BP status was defined as previous history of hypertension or BP ≥140/90 mm Hg for adults/≥95th percentile for children at baseline. BPV was measured in participants with ≥3 visits in the first year. Two-hundred ninety-six adults (43 years [interquartile range, 32-57.8 years], 61.5% male) and 147 children (11 years [interquartile range, 5-14 years], 57.8% male) were evaluated. At baseline, 64.8% of adults and 46.9% of children were hypertensive. …

Anthropometric Indices For Non-Pregnant Women Of Childbearing Age Differ Widely Among Four Low-Middle Income Populations., K. Michael Hambidge, Nancy F. Krebs, Ana Garcés, Jamie E. Westcott, Lester Figueroa, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sangappa Dhaded, Omrana Pasha, Sumera Aziz Ali, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Vanessa R. Thorsten, Abhik Das, Kristen Stolka, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Rebecca L. Lander, Carl L. Bose, Richard J. Derman, Robert L. Goldenberg, Melissa Bauserman

Global Health Articles

BACKGROUND: Maternal stature and body mass indices (BMI) of non-pregnant women (NPW) of child bearing age are relevant to maternal and offspring health. The objective was to compare anthropometric indices of NPW in four rural communities in low- to low-middle income countries (LMIC).

METHODS: Anthropometry and maternal characteristics/household wealth questionnaires were obtained for NPW enrolled in the Women First Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial. Body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) was calculated. Z-scores were determined using WHO reference data.

RESULTS: A total of 7268 NPW participated in Equateur, DRC (n = 1741); Chimaltenango, Guatemala (n = 1695); North Karnataka, India (n = …

‘Trinity’ Case Marks Death Of Originalism, Bruce Ledewitz

Ledewitz Papers

Published scholarship collected from academic journals, law reviews, newspaper publications & online periodicals

Two-Year Antibody Persistence In Children Vaccinated At 12-15 Months With A Measles-Mumps-Rubella Virus Vaccine Without Human Serum Albumin., Andrea A. Berry, Remon Abu-Elyazeed, Clemente Diaz-Perez, Maurice A. Mufson, Christopher J. Harrison, Michael Leonardi, Jerry D. Twiggs, Christopher Peltier, Stanley Grogg, Antonio Carbayo, Steven Shapiro, Michael Povey, Carmen Baccarini, Bruce L. Innis, Ouzama Henry

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

One combined measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine without Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is currently licensed in the USA (M-M-R II; Merck, USA) and another has been developed (Priorix™ [MMR-RIT, GSK, Belgium]). In this follow-up study, children from USA or Puerto Rico, who had received one dose of M-M-R II or MMR-RIT at 12-15 months of age in the primary study (NCT00861744), were followed-up for 2 y post-vaccination. Anti-measles and anti-rubella antibodies were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and anti-mumps antibodies using ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) assays. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded during the entire follow-up. The according-to-protocol (ATP) …

Droughtscape, Summer 2017, National Drought Mitigation Center

DroughtScape: Quarterly Newsletter of the National Drought Mitigation Center (2007–2023)

Contents

Drought policy write shops conclude in Caribbean

Drought encroaches on Northern Plains in second quarter

Impact tool racks up submissions in second quarter

Maps on new website highlight drought effects on ag industry

Centers release new flash drought tool: QuickDRI

NDMC contributes to EU report on disaster risk management

Groups earn Climate Adaptation award for work with tribes

NDMC, ICPAC director talk collaboration on drought in Greater Horn of Africa

Up next in MENA: Drought vulnerability assessments

Bat Community Composition And Monitoring For White-Nose Syndrome At First State National Historical Park, Delaware And Pennsylvania, Juliet Nagel, J. Edward Gates

United States National Park Service: Publications

Abstract

In recent years, bats have faced increasingly deadly threats on multiple fronts. Cave-dwelling bats have been decimated by the emergence of a disease, white-nose syndrome (WNS), caused by a fungal pathogen, Pseudogymnoascus destructans; and tree bats are dying in large numbers at wind power facilities. First State National Historical Park (FRST) is a new national park unit located in northern Delaware and Pennsylvania. Prior to this study, little information was available on bat species and their activity and distribution within FRST. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted an inventory of bat species present at FRST. We used …

Comparing Adult Cannabis Treatment-Seekers Enrolled In A Clinical Trial With National Samples Of Cannabis Users In The United States, Erin A. Mcclure, Jacqueline S. King, Aimee Wahle, Abigail G. Matthews, Susan C. Sonne, Michelle R. Lofwall, Aimee L. Mcrae-Clark, Udi E. Ghitza, Melissa Martinez, Kasie Cloud, Harvir S. Virk, Kevin M. Gray

Center on Drug and Alcohol Research Faculty Publications

Background—Cannabis use rates are increasing among adults in the United States (US) while the perception of harm is declining. This may result in an increased prevalence of cannabis use disorder and the need for more clinical trials to evaluate efficacious treatment strategies. Clinical trials are the gold standard for evaluating treatment, yet study samples are rarely representative of the target population. This finding has not yet been established for cannabis treatment trials. This study compared demographic and cannabis use characteristics of a cannabis cessation clinical trial sample (run through National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network) with three nationally …

The Aki Clinic For Fragile Patients, Jerry Yee, Ruth C. Campbell

Nephrology Articles

No abstract provided.

Lung Rest During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation For Neonatal Respiratory Failure-Practice Variations And Outcomes., Deepthi Alapati, Zubair H. Aghai, Jobayer Hossain, Daniel R Dirnberger, Mark T. Ogino, Thomas H. Shaffer

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Describe practice variations in ventilator strategies used for lung rest during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure in neonates, and assess the potential impact of various lung rest strategies on the duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and the duration of mechanical ventilation after decannulation.

DATA SOURCES: Retrospective cohort analysis from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry database during the years 2008-2013.

STUDY SELECTION: All extracorporeal membrane oxygenation runs for infants less than or equal to 30 days of life for pulmonary reasons were included.

DATA EXTRACTION: Ventilator type and ventilator settings used for lung rest at 24 hours after …

Breast Cancer Screening In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung And Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study Of Utilization, Gelareh Sadigh, Ruth C. Carlos, Kevin C. Ward, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Renjian Jiang, Kimberly E. Applegate, Richard Duszak Jr.

Radiology Faculty Publications

Purpose—To assess breast cancer screening utilization in Medicare beneficiaries with colorectal and lung cancer versus cancer-free controls.

Methods—Female fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries who were ≥ 67 years old and diagnosed with lung or colorectal cancer between 2000 and 2011 and who reported to a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry (case group) were followed for 2 years after their diagnoses, unless death, a diagnosis of breast cancer, or the end of 2013 came first. A similar number of cancer-free controls were individually matched to cases by age, race, registry region, and follow-up time. Screening utilization was defined as …

The Current State Of Workers' Compensation: Benefit Adequacy, Return To Work, And Prevention, Marcus Dillender, H. Allan Hunt

Employment Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The First Special Issue Of Dignity, Donna M. Hughes

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

No abstract provided.

Structural Racism: Racists Without Racism In Liberal Institutions Within Colorblind States, Alexis Nicole Mootoo

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Afro-Descendants suffer sustained discrimination and invisibility that is proliferated with policies that were once blatantly racist, but are now furtive. This study argues that structural racism is alive and well in liberal institutions such as publicly funded colleges and universities. Thus, structural racism is subtly replicated and reproduced within these institutions and by institutional agents who are Racist without Racism. This study builds on theories from Pierre Bourdieu, Frantz Fanon, Glen Loury and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva. The juxtaposition of their theoretical arguments provides a deeper insight into how structural racism becomes a de facto reflexive phenomenon in liberal and progressive institutions …

Pathologists' Diagnosis Of Invasive Melanoma And Melanocytic Proliferations: Observer Accuracy And Reproducibility Study., Joann G Elmore, Raymond L Barnhill, David E Elder, Gary M Longton, Margaret S Pepe, Lisa M Reisch, Patricia A Carney, Linda J Titus, Heidi D Nelson, Tracy Onega, Anna N A Tosteson, Martin A Weinstock, Stevan R Knezevich, Michael W Piepkorn

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Meeting The Bereavement Needs Of Older Adults With Cognitive Challenges, Terry Glendinning

Counseling

Approximately 5.5 million people in the United States are living with cognitive challenges such as Alzheimer's and other dementias. People with cognitive challenges, following the death of a loved one, often experience unacknowledged grief. This paper first describes grief as it occurs in older adults who are not cognitively challenged. This is followed by a review of literature focusing on the grief of older adults with cognitive challenges. The project looks at methods for accommodating the cognitive and communication needs of this population as they work through their grief process.

A Mathematical Formula For Institutional Gme Program Support, Kimberly Baker-Genaw, Crystal Gyiraszin

Graduate Medical Education Articles

No abstract provided.

The Unexpected Symbol Of The New Woman: Ella Ferris Pell's Salome, Megan Ashley Snow

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis argues that Ella Ferris Pell's 1890 painting, Salome, provides a unique interpretation of the ideals of the New Woman, specifically in terms of reclaiming female power through Salome's confidence in her sexuality. By examining the cultural context in which Pell exhibited her painting, as well as her background as an artist, I hope bring to the light the significant ways in which Pell's Salome participates in the construction of the New Woman in late nineteenth-century culture. Since Pell was an American woman who trained and exhibited in both the United States and France, this paper explores the …

Using Work-Based Learning As A Vehicle For Student Engagement And Community Investment, Stephanie Stickle

Counseling

Research indicates that rural communities with few labor market opportunities are at increased risk for social and economic unsustainability. As such, high-potential rural students often believe they must leave their homes for more populated areas with superior labor markets in order to obtain fulfilling employment, success, and life satisfaction. This out-migration trend places rural communities at risk for losing the youth that are most likely to contribute to their sustainability and growth. Rural education has been identified as a promising and central means to counter this risk. Effective work-based learning curriculums, which incorporate student engagement and talent development components, may …

A School-Based Group Counseling Cirriculum For Adolescent Girls Experiencing Low Self-Esteem, Amanda Doolittle

Counseling

This project reviews the existing literature on adolescent development in females, and demonstrates the importance of school counselors facilitating small group counseling with students who experience low self-esteem. Although research suggests social-emotional development begins in childhood, and the American School Counselor Association requires a social-emotional component to school counseling programs, there are few resources available to secondary school counselors who see a need for an effective group counseling curriculum for females with low self-esteem. This project aims to provide secondary school counselors with such a curriculum.

Do You Know Title Ix: A Sexual Assault Navigation Tool For College Students, Jamie Napolski

Indigenous Studies

This paper presents a Master's Project in Cross-Cultural Studies at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) that sought to understand Alaska Native and first-year (freshman) students beliefs and behaviors about the Title IX process at UAF. Title IX is a federal law which states that no individual in the United States shall be discriminated or excluded from participation, denied the benefits or subject to discrimination, based on their sex, within any educational program or activity that receives Federal financial assistance. This project undertook a mixed-method study utilizing a survey and focus groups to identify what information students are being provided …

Alaska Native Civics & Government High School Curriculum, Katya Wassillie

Rural Development

This curriculum document provides an outline for teaching important subject matter related to Alaska Native civics and government to high school students in Alaska. The development of this document was inspired by the current deficit of these subjects in Alaskan high school curricula statewide. This subject matter is highly relevant to Alaskan students, particularly Alaska Native students, in that it covers historical events, themes, and other topics that have direct application to their lives and/or adds to their understanding of social, political, and legal structures that surround them. Learning about the topics included in this curriculum will prepare Alaska Native …

A Consensus Definitive Classification Of Scavenger Receptors And Their Roles In Health And Disease, Mercy R Prabhudas, Cynthia L Baldwin, Paul L Bollyky, Dawn M E Bowdish, Kurt Drickamer, Maria Febbraio, Joachim Herz, Lester Kobzik, Monty Krieger, John Loike, Benita Mcvicker, Terry K Means, Soren K Moestrup, Steven R Post, Tatsuya Sawamura, Samuel Silverstein, Robert Charles Speth, Janice C Telfer, Geoffrey M Thiele, Xiang-Yang Wang, Samuel D Wright, Joseph El Khoury

Faculty Articles

Scavenger receptors constitute a large family of proteins that are structurally diverse and participate in a wide range of biological functions. These receptors are expressed predominantly by myeloid cells and recognize a diverse variety of ligands including endogenous and modified host-derived molecules and microbial pathogens. There are currently eight classes of scavenger receptors, many of which have multiple names, leading to inconsistencies and confusion in the literature. To address this problem, a workshop was organized by the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, to help develop a clear definition of scavenger receptors and …

From Malta To The United States: Addressing Refugee Needs, Elizabeth L. Brannon

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

There are currently 21.3 million refugees worldwide, who have been driven from their homes and are searching for a new life. The current refugee crisis has created a sense of controversy over the integration of refugees, making it further imperative to determine what leads to effective integration of refugees into host societies and how organizations can aid in this process. To determine these factors, I completed field research in Malta and Harrisonburg, Virginia, interviewing a total of ten refugee organizations. In this study, I explore the how community connections, adaptability, and funding constraints determine the effectiveness of organizations in aiding …

Determining Development Status Of United States Counties Based On Comparative And Spatial Analyses Of Multivariate Criteria Using Geographic Information Systems, Lauren B. Wheeler

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Many world organizations rank countries according to varying development criteria, but rarely are those scales transposed onto smaller geographic regions of a single countryin order to more fully understand that country’s development. This global analysis does not take into account regions that are statistical outliers within a country. The United States ranked 8^th in 2015 according to the United Nations’ Human Development Index, but empirical evidence shows, through qualitative and quantitative data, that there are regions within the U.S. that would not classify as having “very high human development.” This study used multivariate quantitative data (health statistics, education levels, …

Common Histories And Common Failures: How The Historical Events Of Ireland And The United States Have Led To Their Vastly Different, Equally Failing, Health Care Systems, Kimberly Narro

Senior Theses

The United States healthcare system is a constant source of debate and public interest, with the only common ground between political parties being that the current system is deeply flawed and needing improvement. Individuals often point to European single-payer systems as the answer, neglecting to mention the flaws also inherent in these systems. This thesis aims to suss out the successes and failings of the Irish and American healthcare systems through a thorough scholarly literature review, with an emphasis on the two countries’ origins and development, to lead to a discussion about why two countries with similar historical beginnings have …

Tuberculosis And Risk Of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis, Moises A. Huaman, Richard J. Kryscio, Carl J. Fichtenbaum, David Henson, Elizabeth G. Salt, Timothy R. Sterling, Beth A. Garvy

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Several pathogens have been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Whether this occurs with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is unclear. We assessed if tuberculosis disease increased the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We identified patients with tuberculosis index claims from a large de-identified database of ~15 million adults enrolled in a U.S. commercial insurance policy between 2008 and 2010. Tuberculosis patients were 1:1 matched to patients without tuberculosis claims using propensity scores. We compared the occurrence of index AMI claims between the tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis cohorts using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox Proportional Hazard models. Data on 2026 patients with …

The Legal Context Of Medicine: Looking At Healthcare Through A Bicultural Lens, Annamarie Beckmeyer

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Security Clearance Conundrum: The Need For Reform And Judicial Review, Heidi Gilchrist

University of Richmond Law Review

No abstract provided.