Digital Commons Network^™

Trends In Gaps Of Care For Patients With Congenital Heart Disease: Implications For Social Determinants Of Health And Child Opportunity Index, Abbas H. Zaidi, Adam Alberts, Devyani Chowdhury, Claude Beaty, Benjamin Brewer, Ming Hui Chen, Sarah D. De Ferranti

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Lifelong continuity of care is essential for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) to maximize health outcomes; unfortunately, gaps in care (GIC) are common. Trends in GIC and of social determinants of health factors contributing to GIC are poorly understood.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This retrospective cohort study included patients with CHD, aged 0 to 34 years, who underwent surgery between January 2003 and May 2020, followed up at a pediatric subspeciality hospital. Patients were categorized as having simple, moderate, and complex CHD based on 2018 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology guidelines. Social determinants of health, such …

Exposure To Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances And Alterations In Plasma Microrna Profiles In Children, Yijie Li, Brittney O Baumert, Nikos Stratakis, Jesse A Goodrich, Haotian Wu, Shelley H Liu, Hongxu Wang, Emily Beglarian, Scott M Bartell, Sandrah Proctor Eckel, Douglas Walker, Damaskini Valvi, Michele Andrea La Merrill, Thomas H Inge, Todd Jenkins, Justin R Ryder, Stephanie Sisley, Rohit Kohli, Stavra A Xanthakos, Marina Vafeiadi, Aikaterini Margetaki, Theano Roumeliotaki, Max Aung, Rob Mcconnell, Andrea Baccarelli, David Conti, Lida Chatzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals that persist in the environment and can accumulate in humans, leading to adverse health effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging biomarkers that can advance the understanding of the mechanisms of PFAS effects on human health. However, little is known about the associations between PFAS exposures and miRNA alterations in humans.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between PFAS concentrations and miRNA levels in children.

METHODS: Data from two distinct cohorts were utilized: 176 participants (average age 17.1 years; 75.6% female) from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) cohort in the United States, and …

Multicenter Pivotal Study Of The Alterra Adaptive Prestent For The Treatment Of Pulmonary Regurgitation, V Vivian Dimas, Vasilis Babaliaros, Dennis Kim, D Scott Lim, Gareth Morgan, Thomas K Jones, Aimee K Armstrong, Darren Berman, Jamil Aboulhosn, Vaikom S Mahadevan, Matthew J Gillespie, David Balzer, Thomas Zellers, Xiao Yu, Girish Shirali, Anitha Parthiban, Jonathan Leipsic, Philipp Blanke, Evan Zahn, Shabana Shahanavaz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: A dilated native right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) presents unique challenges for transcatheter management using balloon-expandable valves. The Alterra Adaptive Prestent was designed to expand transcatheter therapy to treat patients with dilated RVOTs.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report 2-year outcomes of the main cohort of the ALTERRA (Multicenter Study of Congenital Pulmonic Valve Dysfunction Studying the SAPIEN 3 THV With the Alterra Adaptive Prestent) pivotal trial using the prestent with transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.

Methods: The prestent device used with the 29 mm SAPIEN 3 transcatheter heart valve (THV) was evaluated for the management of …

Bank Term Funding Program, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.

Long Covid Among Undocumented Latino Immigrant Populations In The Emergency Department., Karen P. Reyes, Zubaid Rafique, Brian Chinnock, Vijaya Arun Kumar, Michael Gottlieb, Kristin L. Rising, Robert M. Rodriguez

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Although many investigators have examined post–COVID-19 condition (long COVID) and its effects in the general population, to our knowledge, no studies have investigated its effect on one of the largest underserved US populations: undocumented Latino immigrants.¹ This group comprises 7% of the US population and has high rates of uninsurance, limited access to primary care, and language barriers when seeking health care.^2-4 Anti-immigrant political rhetoric and immigrants’ fear of discovery of their undocumented status when accessing health care make evaluation of this population more challenging.⁵ We leveraged emergency departments (EDs) as the primary health care …

A Growth Mindset Scale For Young Children (Gm-C): Development And Validation Among Children From The United States And South Africa., Melis Muradoglu, Tenelle Porter, Kali Trzesniewski, Andrei Cimpian

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Beliefs about the malleability of intellectual ability-mindsets-shape achievement. Recent evidence suggests that even young children hold such mindsets; yet, no reliable and valid instruments exist for measuring individual differences in young children's mindsets. Given the potential relevance of mindsets to children's achievement-related behavior and learning, we developed and tested the psychometric properties of the Growth Mindset Scale for Children (GM-C). Among other psychometric properties, we assessed this instrument's (a) factor structure, (b) measurement invariance, (c) internal consistency, (d) temporal stability (test-retest reliability), (e) concurrent validity, and (f) cross-cultural robustness in samples of US children (Study 1; N = 220; ages …

Human Epidemiology And Response To Sars-Cov-2 (Heros): Objectives, Design, And Enrollment Results Of A 12-City Remote Observational Surveillance Study Of Households With Children, Using Direct-To-Participant Methods, Patricia C Fulkerson, Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Human Epidemiology and Response to SARS-CoV-2 (HEROS) Study is a prospective, multicity, 6-month incidence study conducted from May 2020 to February 2021. The objectives were to identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and household transmission among children and people with asthma and allergic diseases, and to use the host nasal transcriptome sampled longitudinally to understand infection risk and sequelae at the molecular level. To overcome challenges of clinical study implementation due to the coronavirus pandemic, this surveillance study used direct-to-participant methods to remotely enroll and prospectively follow eligible children who are participants in other National Institutes of Health-funded pediatric …

Photographic Power: Scenes From The United States And The Philippines, Vicente L. Rafael

Kritika Kultura

This essay takes its inspiration from a series of addresses given by the former slave and radical abolitionist Frederick Douglass. Douglass hailed the promise of photography to bring forth democratic modes of representation. He saw in photography the power to bring distances up close and level social hierarchies by revealing the common humanity of those below with those above. Douglass, however, hedged his optimistic view. He saw that the “vast power” of photography also came with great danger. It can reveal truth but it can also foster error depending on “the master we obey.” It is this double-edged power of …

2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America On Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: Utility Of Intra-Abdominal Fluid Cultures In Adults, Children, And Pregnant People, Robert A Bonomo, Romney Humphries, Fredrick M Abrahamian, Mary Bessesen, Anthony W Chow, E Patchen Dellinger, Morven S Edwards, Ellie Goldstein, Mary K Hayden, Keith S Kaye, Brian A Potoski, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Robert Sawyer, Marion Skalweit, David R Snydman, Pranita D Tamma, Katelyn Donnelly, Jennifer Loveless

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This paper is part of a clinical practice guideline update on the risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this paper, the panel provides recommendations for obtaining cultures of intra-abdominal fluid in patients with known or suspected intra-abdominal infection. The panel's recommendations are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America On Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: Diagnostic Imaging Of Suspected Acute Appendicitis In Adults, Children, And Pregnant People, Robert A Bonomo, Pranita D Tamma, Fredrick M Abrahamian, Mary Bessesen, Anthony W Chow, E Patchen Dellinger, Morven S Edwards, Ellie Goldstein, Mary K Hayden, Romney Humphries, Keith S Kaye, Brian A Potoski, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Robert Sawyer, Marion Skalweit, David R Snydman, Katelyn Donnelly, Jennifer Loveless

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This paper is part of a clinical practice guideline update on the risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). In this paper, the panel provides recommendations for diagnostic imaging of suspected acute appendicitis. The panel's recommendations are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America On Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: Utility Of Blood Cultures In Adults, Children, And Pregnant People, Robert A Bonomo, Romney Humphries, Fredrick M Abrahamian, Mary Bessesen, Anthony W Chow, E Patchen Dellinger, Morven S Edwards, Ellie Goldstein, Mary K Hayden, Keith S Kaye, Brian A Potoski, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Robert Sawyer, Marion Skalweit, David R Snydman, Pranita D Tamma, Sarah Pahlke, Katelyn Donnelly, Jennifer Loveless

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This article is part of a clinical practice guideline update on the risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this guideline, the panel provides recommendations for obtaining blood cultures in patients with known or suspected intra-abdominal infection. The panel's recommendations are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America On Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: Risk Assessment, Diagnostic Imaging, And Microbiological Evaluation In Adults, Children, And Pregnant People, Robert A Bonomo, Anthony W Chow, Morven S Edwards, Romney Humphries, Pranita D Tamma, Fredrick M Abrahamian, Mary Bessesen, E Patchen Dellinger, Ellie Goldstein, Mary K Hayden, Keith S Kaye, Brian A Potoski, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Robert Sawyer, Marion Skalweit, David R Snydman, Sarah Pahlke, Katelyn Donnelly, Jennifer Loveless

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

As the first part of an update to the clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the panel presents 21 updated recommendations. These recommendations span risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation. The panel's recommendations are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

2024 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America On Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections: Risk Assessment In Adults And Children, Robert A Bonomo, Anthony W Chow, Fredrick M Abrahamian, Mary Bessesen, E Patchen Dellinger, Morven S Edwards, Ellie Goldstein, Mary K Hayden, Romney Humphries, Keith S Kaye, Brian A Potoski, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Robert Sawyer, Marion Skalweit, David R Snydman, Pranita D Tamma, Katelyn Donnelly, Dipleen Kaur, Jennifer Loveless

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This paper is part of a clinical practice guideline update on the risk assessment, diagnostic imaging, and microbiological evaluation of complicated intra-abdominal infections in adults, children, and pregnant people, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this paper, the panel provides a recommendation for risk stratification according to severity of illness score. The panel's recommendation is based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adheres to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

Leptomeningeal Metastases From Solid Tumors: A Society For Neuro-Oncology And American Society Of Clinical Oncology Consensus Review On Clinical Management And Future Directions, Jessica A Wilcox, Ugonma N Chukwueke, Myung-Ju Ahn, Ayal A Aizer, Tejus A Bale, Dieta Brandsma, Priscilla K Brastianos, Susan Chang, Mariza Daras, Peter Forsyth, Livia Garzia, Michael Glantz, Isabella C Glitza Oliva, Priya Kumthekar, Emilie Le Rhun, Seema Nagpal, Barbara O'Brien, Elena Pentsova, Eudocia Quant Lee, Jan Remsik, Roberta Rudà, Inna Smalley, Michael D Taylor, Michael Weller, Jeffrey Wefel, Jonathan T Yang, Robert J Young, Patrick Y Wen, Adrienne A Boire

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are increasingly becoming recognized as a treatable, yet generally incurable, complication of advanced cancer. As modern cancer therapeutics have prolonged the lives of patients with metastatic cancer, specifically in patients with parenchymal brain metastases, treatment options, and clinical research protocols for patients with LM from solid tumors have similarly evolved to improve survival within specific populations. Recent expansions in clinical investigation, early diagnosis, and drug development have given rise to new unanswered questions. These include leptomeningeal metastasis biology and preferred animal modeling, epidemiology in the modern cancer population, ensuring validation and accessibility of newer leptomeningeal metastasis diagnostics, …

Examining The Relationship Between Ethnocentrism, Perspective-Taking And Cultural Competence In Medical-Surgical Nurses, Lori Ann Palmieri

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This descriptive correlational study explored the relationships between cultural competence, ethnocentrism, and perspective-taking in practicing medical-surgical nurses living in the United States (US). Participants (N=111) were recruited from the New Jersey Board of Nursing (NJBON) and from the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (AMSN). The survey consisted of three validated instruments a) the cultural competence assessment instrument (CCA-I); b) the generalized ethnocentrism scale (GENE); c) the perspective-taking (PT) subscale of the interpersonal reactivity index (IRI), and d) demographic profile questions. Data were collected via Qualtrics and analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 28/29). Ethnocentrism and perspective-taking explained 30.2% of the variance …

Health Literacy And Cumulative Social Disadvantage Are Associated With Survival And Transplant In Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Study, Lauren D Nephew, Susan M Rawl, Allie Carter, Nicole Garcia, Patrick O Monahan, John Holden, Marwan Ghabril, Eleazar Montalvan-Sanchez, Kavish Patidar, Archita P Desai, Eric Orman, Naga Chalasani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how individual social determinants of health (SDOH) and cumulative social disadvantage (CSD) affect survival and receipt of liver transplant (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODS: We enrolled 139 adult patients from two Indianapolis hospital systems between June 2019 and April 2022. Structured questionnaires collected SDOH and social risk factor data. We compared SDOH and CSD by race, gender and disease aetiology, assigning one point per adverse SDOH. Multivariable competing risk survival analysis assessed associations between SDOH, CSD, survival and LT receipt.

RESULTS: Black patients experienced higher CSD than white patients in the cohort (5.4±2.5 vs …

The 2023 Banking Turmoil And Liquidity Risk: A Progress Report, Bank For International Settlements

Documents

No abstract provided.

Legitimacy At Sea: Expanding Considerations Of Sea Control, Ian Birdwell

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

Sea control has been marketed and accepted as a norm within the global commons, with a variety of states arguing for their visions of control to be viewed as legitimate. As a piece of the global commons, sea lanes are a critical enabler for the global economy and possess significant military and political significance, yet the literature revolving around ideas of sea control treats it as a military achievement at the end of a campaign and remains focused on naval power as the key mechanism for state involvement. What best explains the mechanism states use to achieve sea control, especially …

Social Determinants Of Health And Surgical Desirability Of Outcome Ranking In Older Veterans, Michael A Jacobs, Yubo Gao, Susanne Schmidt, Paula K Shireman, Michael Mader, Carly A Duncan, Leslie R M Hausmann, Karyn B Stitzenberg, Lillian S Kao, Mary Vaughan Sarrazin, Daniel E Hall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Evaluating how social determinants of health (SDOH) influence veteran outcomes is crucial, particularly for quality improvement.

Objective: To measure associations between SDOH, care fragmentation, and surgical outcomes using a Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR).

Design, setting, and participants: This was a cohort study of US veterans using data from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP; 2013-2019) limited to patients aged 65 years or older with inpatient stays between 2 and 30 days, merged with multiple data sources, including Medicare. Race and ethnicity data were retrieved from VASQIP, Medicare and Medicaid beneficiary summary files, the Veterans Health …

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual Report, Adrienne Hughes, Alexandra Amaducci, Sharan L Campleman, Shao Li, Mari Costantini, Meghan B Spyres, Hannah Spungen, Jessica Kent, Alyssa Falise, Rachel Culbreth, Paul M Wax, Jeffery Brent, Kim Aldy, Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Since 2010, the American College of Medical Toxicology (ACMT) Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) has maintained the ToxIC Core Registry, a national case registry of in-hospital and clinic patient consultations submitted by medical toxicology physicians. Deidentified patient data entered into the registry includes patient demographics, reason for medical toxicology evaluation, exposure agents, clinical signs and symptoms, treatments and antidotes administered, and mortality. This fourteenth annual report provides data from 7392 patients entered into the Core Registry in 2023 by 36 participating sites comprising 61 distinct healthcare facilities, bringing the total case count to 102331 between 2010 and 2023. Ethanol was the …

Abstinence Beliefs In Early Adolescence And Sexual Risk Behavior Two Years Later, Shristi Bhochhibhoya, Briana Edison, Elizabeth R Baumler, Christine M Markham, Susan T Emery, Melissa F Peskin, Ross Shegog, Robert C Addy, Jeff R Temple, Dennis E Reidy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: The United States has the highest teen pregnancy rate and sexually transmitted infection rates among developed countries. One common approach that has been implemented to reduce these rates is abstinence-only-until-marriage programs that advocate for delaying sexual intercourse until marriage. These programs focus on changing adolescents' beliefs toward abstinence until marriage; however, it is unclear whether adolescents' beliefs about abstinence predict their sexual behavior, including sexual risk behavior (SRB). An alternative approach may be encouraging youth to delay their sexual debut until they reach the age of maturity, but not necessarily until marriage.

Methods: To address this question, we compare …

Innovations In Data Visualization: Local Patterns In Young People’S Health Equity In The U.S., Emily Pangalila, Miriam J. Temin, Sanyukta Mathur, Rene Nevarez, Karen Austrian

Adolescents and Young People

Social and structural determinants of health (SSDoH) significantly impact equity among young people aged 10–24 in the US. Prior research shows that connectedness and support in school, family, and peer environments are crucial determinants of youth health and well-being. Understanding local variations in these relationships and their impact on health equity, while vital for policy and investment, remains a challenge. Council researchers explored relationships between select SSDoH and health outcomes among young people at sub-state levels to assess the potential of national survey data to inform decision-making & improve health equity.

Racial Equity, Diversity And Inclusion In Bioethics: Recommendations From The Association Of Bioethics Program Directors Presidential Task Force, Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Alexis Walker, Shawneequa L Callier, Faith E Fletcher, Charlene Galarneau, Nanibaa' Garrison, Jennifer E James, Renee Mcleod-Sordjan, Ubaka Ogbogu, Nneka Sederstrom, Patrick T Smith, Clarence H Braddock, Christine Mitchell

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Recent calls to address racism in bioethics reflect a sense of urgency to mitigate the lethal effects of a lack of action. While the field was catalyzed largely in response to pivotal events deeply rooted in racism and other structures of oppression embedded in research and health care, it has failed to center racial justice in its scholarship, pedagogy, advocacy, and practice, and neglected to integrate anti-racism as a central consideration. Academic bioethics programs play a key role in determining the field's norms and practices, including methodologies, funding priorities, and professional networks that bear on equity, inclusion, and epistemic justice. …

Influenza C Virus In Us Children With Acute Respiratory Infection 2016–2019, Bethany K Sederdahl, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Angela P Campbell, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E Schuster, Joana Y Lively, Samantha M Olson, Julie A Boom, Pedro A Piedra, Natasha B Halasa, Laura Stewart, Peter G Szilagyi, G K Balasubramani, Theresa Sax, Judith M Martin, Robert W Hickey, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, New Vaccine Surveillance Network

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Influenza C virus (ICV) is an orthomyxovirus related to influenza A and B, yet due to few commercial assays, epidemiologic studies may underestimate incidence of ICV infection and disease. We describe the epidemiology and characteristics of ICV within the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN), a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-led network that conducts population-based surveillance for pediatric acute respiratory illness (ARI). Nasal or/combined throat swabs were collected from emergency department (ED) or inpatient ARI cases, or healthy controls, between 12/05/2016-10/31/2019 and tested by molecular assays for ICV and other respiratory viruses. Parent surveys and chart review were used …

Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Gastroenteritis: 2009-2022, Alpha Oumar Diallo, Mary E Wikswo, Iddrisu Sulemana, Leila C Sahni, Julie A Boom, Sasirekha Ramani, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary E Moffatt, Christopher J Harrison, Natasha Halasa, James Chappell, Laura Stewart, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth Schlaudecker, Christina Quigley, Eileen J Klein, Janet A Englund, Danielle M Zerr, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Christina Albertin, Samantha H Johnston, John V Williams, Marian G Michaels, Robert W Hickey, Aaron T Curns, Michelle Honeywood, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Mathew D Esona, Michael D Bowen, Umesh D Parashar, Rashi Gautam, Sara A Mirza, Jacqueline E Tate

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Rotavirus was the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis among US children until vaccine introduction in 2006, after which, substantial declines in severe rotavirus disease occurred. We evaluated rotavirus vaccine effectiveness (VE) over 13 years (2009-2022).

Methods: We analyzed data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network using a test-negative case-control design to estimate rotavirus VE against laboratory-confirmed rotavirus infections among children seeking care for acute gastroenteritis (≥3 diarrhea or ≥1 vomiting episodes within 24 hours) in the emergency department (ED) or hospital. Case-patients and control-patients were children whose stool specimens tested rotavirus positive or negative, respectively, by enzyme immunoassay or …

Demystifying Hispanic Versus Latino/A Versus Latinx: Which Do Emergency Department Patients Prefer?, Melanie F Molina, Anita N Chary, Karen Reyes, James S Ford, Brian Chinnock, Robert M Rodriguez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Long Covid Among Undocumented Latino Immigrant Populations In The Emergency Department, Karen P Reyes, Zubaid Rafique, Brian Chinnock, Vijaya Arun Kumar, Michael Gottlieb, Kristin L Rising, Robert M Rodriguez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This cross-sectional study assesses the understanding of and access to care for long COVID symptoms among undocumented Latino immigrants in US emergency departments (EDs).

Metagenomic Study Of The Mesa: Detection Of Gemella Morbillorum And Association With Coronary Heart Disease, Kent D Taylor, Alexis C Wood, Jerome I Rotter, Xiuqing Guo, David M Herrington, W Craig Johnson, Wendy S Post, Russell P Tracy, Stephen S Rich, Shaista Malik

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a feature of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the role of proinflammatory microbial infection in CHD remains understudied.

METHODS AND RESULTS: CHD was defined in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) as myocardial infarction (251 participants), resuscitated arrest (2 participants), and CHD death (80 participants). We analyzed sequencing reads from 4421 MESA participants in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program using the PathSeq workflow of the Genome Analysis Tool Kit and a 65-gigabase microbial reference. Paired reads aligning to 840 microbes were detected in >1% of participants. The association of the …

What Would Happen In The United States If There Were No Cow Milk-Based Preterm Infant Nutritional Products: Historical Perspective And Evaluation Of Nutrient-Related Challenges, Steven A Abrams, Robert J Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recent litigation has led to a situation where preterm cow milk-based infant nutritional products (PCMBPs) may soon have limited or no availability in the United States. Given their limited availability, similar products based only on human milk are unlikely to meet the needs of most preterm infants requiring such products, especially those born >1500 g or very preterm infants born at < 1500 g after they reach 34-35 wk postmenstrual age. Alternative nutritional strategies, used before the introduction of specialized preterm products, would require modular nutrient additions to a formula designed for full-term infants and donor or maternal milk. The addition of modular products would require careful calibration to provide needed macro and micronutrients which would expose infants to risks of contamination, poor growth, and limited bioavailability of some of these modulars. Substantial risks of metabolic derangements, and ultimately, poor outcomes would occur. In the long-term greater availability and support for the use of human milk-based products is needed. However, policymakers cannot assume that PCMBPs will not be critically needed and should identify strategies for their continued marketplace availability.

The Fallacy Of Electronic Cigarettes For Tobacco Dependence, Harold J Farber, Carlos Rábade Castedo, Carlos A Jimenez-Ruiz, Manuel Conrado Pacheco

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.