Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Education (3881)
- Arts and Humanities (2755)
- Higher Education (2517)
- History (2304)
- Social History (2107)
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (1509)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (707)
- Communication (593)
- Mass Communication (492)
- Law (440)
- Sociology (436)
- Public Relations and Advertising (395)
- Journalism Studies (384)
- Educational Administration and Supervision (320)
- Sports Studies (283)
- Higher Education Administration (270)
- Public Health (262)
- Library and Information Science (232)
- Psychology (224)
- Educational Leadership (194)
- Curriculum and Instruction (170)
- United States History (168)
- Educational Methods (164)
- Legal Education (153)
- Business (147)
- Education Law (121)
- Theatre and Performance Studies (121)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (118)
- Art and Design (113)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (111)
- Institution
-
- College of the Holy Cross (1545)
- California State University, San Bernardino (977)
- Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology (784)
- Western Kentucky University (572)
- Nova Southeastern University (400)
-
- City University of New York (CUNY) (385)
- Taylor University (268)
- University of the Pacific (204)
- Utah State University (187)
- Western Michigan University (145)
- Lindenwood University (140)
- Kenyon College (137)
- Winona State University (123)
- San Jose State University (111)
- Lesley University (107)
- Wright State University (102)
- Santa Clara University (100)
- Roger Williams University (98)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (98)
- Bridgewater State University (92)
- Minnesota State University, Mankato (88)
- University of Richmond (84)
- Ursinus College (80)
- Technological University Dublin (71)
- California State University, Monterey Bay (70)
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (70)
- Oberlin (69)
- Old Dominion University (68)
- University of South Carolina (68)
- Edith Cowan University (60)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Student Newspapers (1592)
- CSUSB Friday Bulletin (934)
- The Rose Thorn Archive (705)
- WKU Administration Documents (511)
- CCNY Antiwar Notices (372)
-
- The Kenyon Reveille (135)
- Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports (133)
- Abraham S. Fischler College of Education ETD Archive (115)
- Theses and Dissertations (112)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (105)
- The Redwood (100)
- Academic Catalogs (TUFW & Predecessors) (99)
- Commencement Programs (95)
- Student Theatre Programs (94)
- Bridgewater State Yearbooks (84)
- Lesley Yearbooks (83)
- Modulus (Yearbooks) (79)
- Yearbooks (1898-Present) (79)
- Student Senate Meeting Minutes (78)
- The Ruby Yearbooks, 1897-2020 (78)
- UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations (77)
- Capstone Projects and Master's Theses (68)
- College, School and Department Newsletters, Magazines, and Journals (67)
- PCOM Psychology Dissertations (66)
- Hi-O-Hi Yearbooks (64)
- Dissertations (60)
- The Wright Stater (54)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (53)
- The Web (52)
- Life of the Law School (1993- ) (50)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 841 - 870 of 9603
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Optimizing Teaching Effectiveness In Dental Education For A New Generation Of Learners, Christopher J Walinski, Joe C Ontiveros, Fei Liu, Geralyn Crain, Saynur Vardar-Sengul
Optimizing Teaching Effectiveness In Dental Education For A New Generation Of Learners, Christopher J Walinski, Joe C Ontiveros, Fei Liu, Geralyn Crain, Saynur Vardar-Sengul
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Purpose: Today's dental students, Generation Z (Gen Z), are said to learn differently than those of previous generations. As generations of dental students vary, our teaching styles must keep up with unique and changing groups of individuals.
Methods: This article discusses learner-focused teaching methods including techniques that address the characteristics of Gen Z learners. Blended learning methods that combine online media with traditional face-to-face sessions, team-based learning, and a flipped classroom format have previously been suggested as ways to increase learning effectiveness and student satisfaction.
Results: In this paper, the characteristics and preferences of Gen Z students are described along …
2023-01-31_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-31_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
The Current - Volume 33 Issue 4, Nova Southeastern University
The Current - Volume 33 Issue 4, Nova Southeastern University
Student Newspapers
No abstract provided.
Alerting Services As Tools For Promoting The Uptake Of Open Access Resources In Higher Learning Institutions. Case Of The University Of Zambia, Eness Munzya Miyanda Chitumbo Dr., Thomas Van Der Walt Prof.
Alerting Services As Tools For Promoting The Uptake Of Open Access Resources In Higher Learning Institutions. Case Of The University Of Zambia, Eness Munzya Miyanda Chitumbo Dr., Thomas Van Der Walt Prof.
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
ABSTRACT
This study aimed at identifying and recommending appropriate alerting services to promote awareness and uptake of open access resources in higher learning institutions such as the University of Zambia. It identifies itself with the pragmatic paradigm; using the mixed-methods approach and a case study mixed-methods design to investigate the problem of low uptake of open access resources and how alerting services can improve the uptake. The study further applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to provide the context for examining and explaining open access usage and promotion.
The study used University of Zambia students, researchers …
2023-01-24_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-24_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
2023-01-17_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-17_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
Law School News: Roger Williams University School Of Law Withdraws From Us News Rankings 1-17-2023, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law School News: Roger Williams University School Of Law Withdraws From Us News Rankings 1-17-2023, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
University Student-Parents’ Experiences In The Uae During Covid-19: Future Implications For Higher Education, Martina Dickson, Rehab Al Hakmani, Melissa Mcminn, Jessica Midraj, Deena Elsori, Prospera Tedam
University Student-Parents’ Experiences In The Uae During Covid-19: Future Implications For Higher Education, Martina Dickson, Rehab Al Hakmani, Melissa Mcminn, Jessica Midraj, Deena Elsori, Prospera Tedam
All Works
The COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020 and threw higher education institutions worldwide into a rapid transition from face-to-face to online learning modes. While students everywhere were grappling with the changes to their learning experiences, those with parenting responsibilities had additional pressures. This study investigated how university student-parents across the United Arab Emirates experienced the change, and their perceptions of the impact of COVID- 19 on their studies. One hundred seventy-five students responded to a questionnaire exploring domains such as their domestic set-up for study, levels of support from family and their institutions, and the situation’s impact on their learning, well-being, …
Students Stress Patterns In A Kenyan Socio-Cultural And Economic Context: Toward A Public Health Intervention, Victoria N Mutiso, David M Ndetei, Esther N Muia, Christine Musyimi, Monicah Masake, Tom L Osborn, Andre Sourander, John R Weisz, Daniel Mamah
Students Stress Patterns In A Kenyan Socio-Cultural And Economic Context: Toward A Public Health Intervention, Victoria N Mutiso, David M Ndetei, Esther N Muia, Christine Musyimi, Monicah Masake, Tom L Osborn, Andre Sourander, John R Weisz, Daniel Mamah
2020-Current year OA Pubs
This study aimed at determining the prevalence of stress, different types of stress, their severity and their determinants in Kenyan university, college and high school students. The following tools were administered to 9741 students: (1) Researcher-designed socio-demographic tool, (2) Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) for psychiatric disorders, (3) WERC Stress Screen for stress, (4) Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) screen for psychosis and affectivity, (5) Wealth Index Questionnaire for economic indicators. Descriptive analysis for the prevalence of different types of stress and inferential analysis for stress and independent variables were done. Significant variables (p < 0.05) were fitted into generalized linear model to determine independent predictors. The mean age of the respondents was 21.4 years (range 16-43). Money issues were the commonest stressors while alcohol and drug use were the least. The independent predictors of stress were females, college students and use of gas stove. In conclusion, up to 30% of the students suffer from mild to severe stress. The students experience a wide range of stressors. The most important stressors include money and finances, family related problems and concerns about their future. Our findings suggest a public health approach to create stress awareness in students.
2023-01-10_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-10_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
Ensemble Concerts, Solo Recitals Offered In 2023 By Uab Department Of Music, Shannon Thomason
Ensemble Concerts, Solo Recitals Offered In 2023 By Uab Department Of Music, Shannon Thomason
Browse All News
No abstract provided.
2023-01-03_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-03_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
2023-01-03_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
2023-01-03_Michiganoverview_Isdreporting, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services
Michigan COVID-19 Outbreak Reports
The K-12 Aged ISD Reporting page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/k-to-12-aged-isd-reporting.
This report is created from data reported by the Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' web-based communicable disease reporting system. Data is updated every week.
The purpose of the dashboard is to report the 7 day average of COVID-19 cases in Michigan school students aged 5 through 18 at the intermediate school district and school district levels, as well as display trends over time to better illustrate the changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. Cases are attributed to …
Defining And Describing Students’ Socioscientific Issues Tradeoffs Practices, P. C. Jimenez, A. Zwickle, J. M. Dauer
Defining And Describing Students’ Socioscientific Issues Tradeoffs Practices, P. C. Jimenez, A. Zwickle, J. M. Dauer
School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
A Qualitative Investigation Of Teachers' Perceptions Of The Impact Of Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion On Lgbtq+ And Student Sensitivity Toward Lgbtq+, Jaclyn Winter
Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-
Multiculturalism and inclusiveness are not new concepts in educational curricula. The question of what falls under that umbrella was already being brought up when earning my Master’s degree at Hofstra University twenty-three years ago. While attending a university workshop about multiculturalism in the classroom, I found the lens was too narrow and calling for expansion. My question was: where does the curriculum represent LGBTQ+ culture? I shared my concern and described a lesson I had designed and taught while student teaching, which focused on Matthew Shepard, tolerance vs. acceptance, and the negative and positive actions that can come out of …
School District Demographic Change Through The Lens Of High School Students: A Phenomenological Case Study, Isaac S. Solano
School District Demographic Change Through The Lens Of High School Students: A Phenomenological Case Study, Isaac S. Solano
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Over the past two to three decades, inner-ring suburban school districts in certain areas around the United States have experienced significant demographic change. These shifts influence who lives in these communities, as well as who attends schools in these K–12 school districts. In a metropolitan area, in the Rocky Mountain West Region of the United States, numerous school districts are experiencing such shifts. Although past empirical research has examined shifts through the lens of school leaders and teachers, few studies have explored how students experience this change.
This qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological case study examines how high school students experience these …
2023-2024 Nsu Undergraduate Student Catalog, Nova Southeastern University
2023-2024 Nsu Undergraduate Student Catalog, Nova Southeastern University
Undergraduate Programs Course Catalogs
No abstract provided.
Study Of Obesity In University Students, Causes And Its Physical And Biological Effects, Mohammed Mezher Hussein
Study Of Obesity In University Students, Causes And Its Physical And Biological Effects, Mohammed Mezher Hussein
Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences
In both developing and wealthy countries overweight and obesity have become major public health problem. There is a link between higher levels of physical activity and a decreased rate of obesity. The goal of this study was to compare BMI to physical activity in a sample of Baghdad universities students in order to determine anthropometry as a predictor for changes in weight and body composition-related metabolic risk factors. This study was performed among (120) students of Baghdad universities, data were collected by direct interview including self – efficacy in dieting and physical activity. Blood pressure was measured. BMI was calculated, …
Anxiety And Depression Among U.S. International Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ismatara Reena, Edward Hebert, Kumer Das, Shankari M. Dipti, Nirmal C. Gope, Raymond Doe
Anxiety And Depression Among U.S. International Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ismatara Reena, Edward Hebert, Kumer Das, Shankari M. Dipti, Nirmal C. Gope, Raymond Doe
Kinesiology
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted college students worldwide. International students are a significant group of college students in the United States, making up approximately 5% of enrollment. While research has examined the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on college students, its impact on international students in the U.S. has not been well-documented. This study examined anxiety and depression levels of 170 international students enrolled in three public U.S. universities. Data were collected using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) survey and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Over 60% of the sample reported anxiety and depressive symptoms, with 35.1% showing …
Parnassus 2023
Parnassus
The 2023 edition of the student literary journal, Parnassus, published by Taylor University in Upland, Indiana.
2023 Nsu Fact Book, Nova Southeastern University
2023 Nsu Fact Book, Nova Southeastern University
NSU Fact Book
The 31st edition of the Nova Southeastern University (NSU) Fact Book provides perspective on the university’s character, growth, and accomplishments. The 2023 Fact Book includes narrative, numeric, and graphic representation of the university, including history, characteristics, and development of the institution. Data are presented in both tabular and graphic formats to provide pertinent detail, and general trends are highlighted.
Like all previous editions of the Fact Book, this edition is a snapshot of the university during the academic year that concludes in the year of its publication. Therefore, the 2023 Fact Book represents NSU through fall 2022, unless otherwise …
Learning Disabilities And The Impact Of Accommodation Programs In Post-Secondary Education, Jacqueline Persaud
Learning Disabilities And The Impact Of Accommodation Programs In Post-Secondary Education, Jacqueline Persaud
Honors Undergraduate Theses
As enrollment rates for students with learning disabilities steadily increase, post-secondary institutions must become more inclusive. Current literature reveals a gap in studies between post-secondary education and student views on access programs. Our endeavor focused on this community. The survey was distributed using SONA and by the Student Accessibility Services Office via Qualtrics. Our study looked at 312 participants, aged from 18 - over 30 years old and who varied in sex. More satisfaction with accommodations equated to more academic competence towards goals. However, the results showed less satisfaction with personal lives and self-acceptance. This is possibly due to participants …
Covid-19, Mental Health, Technology Use, And Job Satisfaction Among School Psychology Trainers, Joel O. Bocanegra, Jennifer Gallup, Minghui Hou, Aaron A. Gubi, Chung-Hau Fan, Nai-Jiin Yang, Celal Perihan
Covid-19, Mental Health, Technology Use, And Job Satisfaction Among School Psychology Trainers, Joel O. Bocanegra, Jennifer Gallup, Minghui Hou, Aaron A. Gubi, Chung-Hau Fan, Nai-Jiin Yang, Celal Perihan
Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications
The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to exacerbate the school psychology personnel crisis. There is a dearth of knowledge regarding how the pandemic has impacted school psychology trainers and course delivery. In this national study, 92 school psychology trainers completed an online questionnaire regarding technological instructional changes, job satisfaction, and their own mental health well-being during the pandemic. Findings suggest that during the portion of the pandemic assessed most trainers reported that they: (a) switched from in-person instruction to primarily online instruction, (b) were mostly satisfied with their jobs, and (c) generally experienced a positive sense of well-being. Furthermore, a sizable portion …
Student Perceptions Of Campus Crime And Victim Services, Tracy Gulliford
Student Perceptions Of Campus Crime And Victim Services, Tracy Gulliford
Graduate Thesis and Dissertation 2023-2024
Few would argue that college campus crime is a serious problem across the United States. Debate arises, however, regarding why the problem is so pervasive and how best to address it. This dissertation addresses that gap by exploring the nature and magnitude of the college campus crime problem followed by a rationale for studying student perceptions regarding knowledge about and use of victim services resources offered on the University of Central Florida (UCF) campus. Doing so is particularly important in light of the fact that five years have now passed since UCF launched the "Let's Be Clear" campaign designed to …
Hospitality And Tourism Students’ Views Of Academic Dishonesty Before And During The Height Of The Coronavirus Pandemic, Cynthia S. Deale, Seung-Hyun (Jenna) Lee
Hospitality And Tourism Students’ Views Of Academic Dishonesty Before And During The Height Of The Coronavirus Pandemic, Cynthia S. Deale, Seung-Hyun (Jenna) Lee
International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning
Those involved in higher education have been concerned about students’ academic dishonesty for many years and there are concerns that the coronavirus pandemic led to even more academic dishonesty across the disciplines. Therefore, this study focused on hospitality and tourism students’ views on academic dishonesty, or cheating behaviors, before and during the height of the pandemic. The results of two online surveys of hospitality management students in the southeastern United States found that students felt that academic dishonesty increased, they experienced more stress, and their views varied by their perceptions of online education. Suggestions for de-creasing academic dishonesty to enhance …
Revisiting The Disability Integration Presumption, Chris Yarrell
Revisiting The Disability Integration Presumption, Chris Yarrell
Cardozo Law Review de•novo
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act’s (IDEA) predecessor established a legal presumption in favor of educating all students with disabilities in an integrated, “least restrictive environment” (LRE) to the “maximum extent appropriate.” Yet, the precise meaning of this statutory presumption remains unsettled, which has led to mounting special education disputes in federal court. This Article addresses a less developed area of IDEA litigation: namely, how federal courts should interpret this statutory presumption in light of the disproportionate placement of students with the most significant cognitive disabilities in separate settings.
Whether students with the most significant cognitive disabilities sacrifice their right …
Disconnected, Frustrated And Withdrawn: Institutional Policy Implications For Equity In Student And Faculty Community, Jessica Marie Welsh
Disconnected, Frustrated And Withdrawn: Institutional Policy Implications For Equity In Student And Faculty Community, Jessica Marie Welsh
Dissertations and Theses
DFW rates at intuitions of higher education for students from underrepresented populations trended higher than majority students. A single explanatory case study provides insight to the factors impacting DFW rates in first-year gateway courses at a four-year, public, comprehensive institution. The study employed the use of focus groups of students, non-tenure-track faculty, and tenure-track faculty. In addition, institutional data was collected and used to triangulate to the data collected from focus groups. The inductive results showed multiple institutional barriers causing DFW rates among first-generation, Pell Grant, and/or students of color. Using Turner and Angulo’s (2018) theoretical framework of high-risk decision-making …
Molly Hill Honors Portfolio, Molly Hill
Molly Hill Honors Portfolio, Molly Hill
Honors Capstone Portfolios
Molly Hill's honors portfolio captured in January 2023.
Chapter 5 - Holding Space And Grace: The Implementation Of A Health And Wellness Statement In Graduate Courses, Elodie Jones, Betsy Crawford
Chapter 5 - Holding Space And Grace: The Implementation Of A Health And Wellness Statement In Graduate Courses, Elodie Jones, Betsy Crawford
Advanced Education Programs Faculty Publications
A student's life is mentally demanding and time-consuming for any learner. U.S. culture values hard work, no excuses mantras, and discipline to achieve a graduate degree or the next promotion, and often it is a badge of honor to be overcommitted, stressed out, and exhausted. As mental and physical health issues arise, the implementation of a health and wellness statement for graduate students was utilized to open the proverbial door to hold space and grace for life's challenges and empower learners in an inclusive setting.
The Landscape Of Advanced Coursework Participation: Understanding Disparities And Intersectionality, Chin-Chih Chen, Chris Parthemos, David Naff, Erica Ross, Virginia Palencia, Beth Fowler, Andrea Herndon, Beverly Fludd-Flanagan
The Landscape Of Advanced Coursework Participation: Understanding Disparities And Intersectionality, Chin-Chih Chen, Chris Parthemos, David Naff, Erica Ross, Virginia Palencia, Beth Fowler, Andrea Herndon, Beverly Fludd-Flanagan
MERC Publications
This population-based study explored students' participation in advanced coursework in elementary schools (gifted/talented programs), middle schools (Algebra I+), and high schools (Advanced Placement) to address enrollment equity. The study identified demographic disparities and the intersectionality of multiple identities to achieve two research aims: 1) to explore how advanced course-taking varies by student demographics, and 2) to understand how disparities in advanced course-taking vary by student demographics and intersectional identities. The findings indicate that disparities in advanced course-taking are related to students’ race, ethnicity, disability status, English learner (EL) status, socioeconomic status, as well as the intersection of these variables. The …