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Reflections In Practice, Joshua William Erickson Aug 2026

Reflections In Practice, Joshua William Erickson

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This portfolio narrative documents my professional development through the Master of Social Work program at the University of Montana. It discusses how I've developed my skills through practicum sites at Youth Villages and the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) at Cambridge Health Alliance (CHA) as well as coursework spanning from clinical practice, policy analysis, program evaluation, and community organizing. Using the Five Elements of Advanced Integrated Practice and all ten CSWE competencies as an organizing structure, clinical skills with adolescents, families, and older adults are reflected on. Growth in macro-level practice, program evaluation, and interdisciplinary leadership is …


Sober Curiosity Among Lgbtq+ Women And Non-Binary People In Aotearoa New Zealand, Tonda L. Hughes, Jillian R. Scheer, Lauren Bochicchio, Laurie A. Drabble, Carol Emslie, David Whiteley, Belinda Lunnay, Paul R. Ward, Antonia C. Lyons Jul 2026

Sober Curiosity Among Lgbtq+ Women And Non-Binary People In Aotearoa New Zealand, Tonda L. Hughes, Jillian R. Scheer, Lauren Bochicchio, Laurie A. Drabble, Carol Emslie, David Whiteley, Belinda Lunnay, Paul R. Ward, Antonia C. Lyons

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Although global drinking rates are declining, this trend is less evident among women, with LGBTQ+ women and nonbinary people at elevated risk for hazardous drinking. In addition to minority stress (e.g., stigma, discrimination), drinking culture and social norms likely shape alcohol use within these groups, yet remain underexplored as potential intervention points. Objective: This study was part of a larger multi-country project on alcohol use among LGBTQ+ women and nonbinary individuals. Because online resources have been found to appeal to stigmatized groups, we aimed to examine LGBTQ+ women’s and nonbinary people’s experiences with alcohol use in Aotearoa New Zealand, …


The Church As Provider Of Pastoral Care: Relational Presence, Narrative Listening, Preaching, And Advocacy In African American Missionary Baptist Churches In Southside Fort Worth, Texas, Michael R. Timberlake May 2026

The Church As Provider Of Pastoral Care: Relational Presence, Narrative Listening, Preaching, And Advocacy In African American Missionary Baptist Churches In Southside Fort Worth, Texas, Michael R. Timberlake

Doctor of Ministry Projects and Theses

Abstract

Michael R. Timberlake, Sr.

May 1, 2026

THE CHURCH AS PROVIDER OF PASTORAL CARE: RELATIONAL PRESENCE, NARRATIVE LISTENING, PREACHING, AND ADVOCACY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCHES IN SOUTHSIDE FORT WORTH, TEXAS

The purpose of this research project is to restore and maintain the resiliency in the African American Missionary Baptist churches in the Southside of Fort Worth, Texas. The research identified a high level of importance for African American churches in Fort Worth to resemble the historic legacy of spiritual leadership, communal care, and social advocacy while ministering within contexts marked by racial and economic marginalization. Enabling practical …


Identifying Dominant Factors That Impact Hazardous Alcohol Use Among Sexual And Gender Minority Groups, Laurie A. Drabble, Cat Munroe, Anthony Surace, Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe, Priscilla Martinez-Matyszczyk May 2026

Identifying Dominant Factors That Impact Hazardous Alcohol Use Among Sexual And Gender Minority Groups, Laurie A. Drabble, Cat Munroe, Anthony Surace, Katherine J. Karriker-Jaffe, Priscilla Martinez-Matyszczyk

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people report higher rates of hazardous alcohol use relative to heterosexual and cisgender people. Although research has identified factors that contribute to these disparities, few studies include both general and SGM-specific correlates of alcohol outcomes or quantify which factors have the strongest effects. Methods. We used dominance analysis with data from SGM participants in a 2024 national survey (N = 1524) to evaluate the relative importance of multiple factors on past-year heavy drinking days (i.e., days on which participants drank 5 + standard drinks) and alcohol use disorder (AUD). SGM-specific variables included peer drinking …


Msw Portfolio, Ellen Mittlestadt May 2026

Msw Portfolio, Ellen Mittlestadt

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This portfolio describes how I have developed strengths, skills, values, and cognitive and affective processes through the ten competencies of the Master of Social Work program at the University of Montana. Through attending classes, engaging with professors and my cohort, and continuing to strengthen all I've learned in my practicum, I feel confident that these skills and strengths have grown tremendously, and I'll continue to grow through my practice. The following portfolio describes progress over the past years.


Master Of Social Work Portfolio, Tara L. Beckman Ballis May 2026

Master Of Social Work Portfolio, Tara L. Beckman Ballis

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This portfolio demonstrates my professional growth throughout the MSW program through the application of social work competencies. It includes coursework, practicum experiences, research participation, advocacy, and volunteer work. Areas of focus include Wellbeing Support Coaching, cultural responsiveness, reproductive justice, maternal health advocacy, Indigenous research methods, and strengths-based practice.


Msw Portfolio, Trebor J.C. Riddle May 2026

Msw Portfolio, Trebor J.C. Riddle

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

Introduction

My development throughout the Master of Social Work program at the University of Montana has been guided by a longstanding understanding that social work is more than direct service. This belief was central to my decision to pursue an MSW rather than a master’s degree in counseling. While I value clinical skill and therapeutic relationships, I have always been drawn to the broader scope of social work, the profession’s commitment to social justice, systems change, and the integration of individual well-being with structural transformation. Over the course of this program, that orientation has deepened and become more theoretically grounded, …


From Sea To Shining Sea: A Mastery Of Social Work Through A Critical Thinking And Social Justice Lens, Paige M. Gilchrist May 2026

From Sea To Shining Sea: A Mastery Of Social Work Through A Critical Thinking And Social Justice Lens, Paige M. Gilchrist

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

Completing a Master of Social Work degree across three years and two universities, Paige Gilchrist outlines how she has mastered the Five Elements of Advanced Integrated Practice and Ten Competencies required by the University of Montana to prove social work competency through a social justice lens.


Determinants Of Successful Completion In The Rowan-Virtua Dual Cprs/Chw Program: Literature Review & A Work In Progress, Timothy Breiner, Donato F. Tassoni, Richard Jermyn, Venkat Venkataraman, Alexander Abbott, Kenneth Stagliano May 2026

Determinants Of Successful Completion In The Rowan-Virtua Dual Cprs/Chw Program: Literature Review & A Work In Progress, Timothy Breiner, Donato F. Tassoni, Richard Jermyn, Venkat Venkataraman, Alexander Abbott, Kenneth Stagliano

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background: Certified Peer Recovery Specialists (CPRS) and Community Health Workers (CHWs) expand access to behavioral health and social care through training, credentialing, and community-based support. Although these programs improve knowledge, skills, and workforce readiness, retention and completion remain important barriers to program scale-up. Evidence on predictors of successful completion in dual-role CPRS/CHW pathways is limited.

Objective: To identify participant, programmatic, and contextual factors associated with successful completion of the Rowan-Virtua Dual CPRS/CHW Program.

Methods: This work-in-progress combines a focused literature review with ongoing program analysis. The review examined English-language studies from 2010 onward related to CPRS and CHW training, program …


Burnout Among Oncology Social Workers, Evelyn Camacho May 2026

Burnout Among Oncology Social Workers, Evelyn Camacho

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Burnout among oncology social workers has become an important issue within healthcare because of the emotional intensity and demands that come with working closely with cancer patients and their families. Oncology social workers often provide emotional support, counseling, and guidance to patients throughout difficult stages of treatment, recurrence, and end-of-life care, which can place a heavy strain on their own mental and emotional well-being. Over time, constant exposure to grief, trauma, and high workloads can contribute to emotional exhaustion, compassion fatigue, and difficulties maintaining a healthy work-life balance. Although oncology social workers play a major role in patient care, their …


Evaluating Social Work Intervention Effectiveness Among Veterans Seeking Ptsd Treatment, Ashlyn Gaines May 2026

Evaluating Social Work Intervention Effectiveness Among Veterans Seeking Ptsd Treatment, Ashlyn Gaines

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This proposed study will examine how social work interventions are associated with PTSD symptom severity and treatment engagement among veterans. Veterans frequently experience ongoing psychological distress, and inconsistent engagement in treatment remains a significant concern for social work practice. Understanding whether specific social work interventions are linked to reduced PTSD symptoms and improved treatment participation will contribute to strengthening evidence-informed services. A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational proposed research design will be used to survey veterans regarding their treatment experiences and symptom levels. Data would be analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, and multiple regression analyses to determine relationships between interventions …


Generational Interpretations Of Feminism: A Qualitative Study Of Women’S Perspectives, Molly Sabia Msw May 2026

Generational Interpretations Of Feminism: A Qualitative Study Of Women’S Perspectives, Molly Sabia Msw

All Student Scholarship

The current study gathered information on how women across five generations interpret feminism. Nine women were interviewed: (2 per generation, except the silent generation was 1). Understanding how women across five generations interpret feminism helps determine whether perspectives of feminism are due to a difference in time period or other variables. Based on research that has been conducted, we know that there are different views and interpretations of feminism on a broad scale; this study dove into participants’ perspectives and generational influence.

The preliminary findings of this study suggest there are some areas of the Feminist Movement that exhibit generational …


Potential Impact That Generative Artificial Intelligence Has On Adolescents' Relationship With Parents, David Jimenez Jr., Christal Pelayo, Rebecca Evans May 2026

Potential Impact That Generative Artificial Intelligence Has On Adolescents' Relationship With Parents, David Jimenez Jr., Christal Pelayo, Rebecca Evans

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into adolescents’ daily lives has introduced both opportunities and concerns regarding family dynamics and psychosocial development. Increasingly, adolescents are using AI tools for academic assistance, emotional support, and transparency on sensitive topics. This study examines adolescents’ attitudes toward discussing personal issues with parents compared to AI platforms and explores the potential relational impacts of AI use on parent–child relationships. Guided by Attachment Theory and Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory, this research focuses on adolescents ages 12–16, a developmental stage marked by identity formation and evolving autonomy. The study will include a sequence of recruitment, …


Towards A Proposed Program Based On The Bridge Model To Enhance Insurance Awareness Among Employees In Private Schools In Muscat, Mohamed Mohamed Kamel Elsherbiny, Maitha Bint Nasser Bin Saif Alshibli Apr 2026

Towards A Proposed Program Based On The Bridge Model To Enhance Insurance Awareness Among Employees In Private Schools In Muscat, Mohamed Mohamed Kamel Elsherbiny, Maitha Bint Nasser Bin Saif Alshibli

Journal of Arts and Social Sciences

Social insurance is a basic support of development in society. It guarantees the citizen’s safety and psychological, social and economic stability through highly efficient and effective institutional performance that keeps up with social, economic and technical developments. It is worth noting that the insurance industry cannot develop in an environment where the insurance culture is absent among its members. Despite the great efforts made by the Public Authority for Social Insurance in spreading insurance awareness, the actual reality indicates that individuals have little knowledge of insurance. Therefore, this study aims to present a proposed program for the development of insurance …


Six Departments Move Into New Building, Una Alumni Association Apr 2026

Six Departments Move Into New Building, Una Alumni Association

Documents

Alumni News article discussing the early stages of Stevens Hall, then known as the Education and Nursing Building, and its impact on the School of Nursing, School of Education, and Departments of Social Work, Sociology, Foreign Languages, and Political Science.


Predictors Of Stress Among Bsw And Msw Students At Fhsu, Octavio Ramirez, Annette Clarke Jones Apr 2026

Predictors Of Stress Among Bsw And Msw Students At Fhsu, Octavio Ramirez, Annette Clarke Jones

SACAD: Scholarly Activities

Chronic stress leads to severe health consequences, including anxiety, depression, burnout, and physical issues like fatigue and sleep disturbances. This study examined factors predicting stress among a sample (n = 101) of BSW and MSW students attending FHSU. The findings showed that sexual orientation, academic grade point average, and marital status were significant predictors of stress among this sample.


Community Of Open Hands: Reimagining The Classroom Through Beauty, Eunsub Cho Mar 2026

Community Of Open Hands: Reimagining The Classroom Through Beauty, Eunsub Cho

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

One of the boldest decisions that I have ever made as an educator was taking twenty-four middle school students on a camping trip at the end of the school year. We had made our way through a couple of months of astronomy and what better way to conclude the project than to celebrate our learning by gazing at the celestial bodies with our own eyes! My time in the Midwest should have informed me that this was a naive plan, as Michigan skies have a mind of their own. Despite detailed planning, it started drizzling by the time our tents …


Sex Differences In The Association Between Childhood Cyberbullying Victimization And College Sexual Assault: Moderating Roles Of Parental Monitoring And Relationship With Deviant Peers, Jungup Lee, Debra Patterson, Na Youn Lee, Jinyung Kim, Stephen J. Tripodi, Hyunkag Cho Mar 2026

Sex Differences In The Association Between Childhood Cyberbullying Victimization And College Sexual Assault: Moderating Roles Of Parental Monitoring And Relationship With Deviant Peers, Jungup Lee, Debra Patterson, Na Youn Lee, Jinyung Kim, Stephen J. Tripodi, Hyunkag Cho

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study explores sex differences in the relationship between childhood cyberbullying victimization (CCBV) and young adult sexual assault experiences and the potential moderating roles of childhood parent monitoring and deviant peer association on the relationship. A total of 356 college students aged 19–25 in the US participated in the online survey. The results indicated that CCBV was associated with an increased risk of college sexual assault victimization for both males and females. A significant moderating effect of childhood parental monitoring and deviant peer association was found between the association between CCBV and college sexual assault victimization for female students only.


The Lived Experiences Of Deaf People In Carceral Spaces, Grace E. Lester, Gabriel Lomas, Deb S. Guthmann Dr. Mar 2026

The Lived Experiences Of Deaf People In Carceral Spaces, Grace E. Lester, Gabriel Lomas, Deb S. Guthmann Dr.

JADARA

This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to examine the experiences of formerly incarcerated deaf people in the carceral system. The examination of lived experiences in this research offers a context to the belief that the carceral system is structurally unqualified to address the significant, but nuanced needs of deaf people. This study counters the neglect of the intersectional experiences of incarcerated deaf people that exists in research literature by providing them the opportunity to share their stories in their own words through in-depth semi-structured interviews. Five previously incarcerated deaf adults were interviewed using a digital video platform. Using phenomenological methods, …


Teaching Cross-Cultural Communication In Law School: Lessons From Medicine, Social Work, And Business, Mireille Butler, Jaclyn Celebrezze Jan 2026

Teaching Cross-Cultural Communication In Law School: Lessons From Medicine, Social Work, And Business, Mireille Butler, Jaclyn Celebrezze

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

Legal clients in the United States are increasingly multilingual and multicultural. More than 71 million people living in the United States communicate in a language other than English. Consequently, the lawyer’s duty of shared understanding is taking on new meaning. With the advent of ABA Ethics Opinion 500, cross-cultural communication skills are a lawyer’s ethical duty and a law school’s mandate. Additionally, ABA Standard 303(c) and the potential of increased experiential learning credit requirements make clear that immediate curricular changes are needed. To prepare for the modern practice of law, tomorrow’s lawyers need to develop cross-cultural skills while in law …


Evaluating The Impact Of Tennessee House Bill 2327 & Senate Bill 2055, Kya Cousino, Emily Redford, Leah M. Vetters Jan 2026

Evaluating The Impact Of Tennessee House Bill 2327 & Senate Bill 2055, Kya Cousino, Emily Redford, Leah M. Vetters

SPARK Symposium Presentations

Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental delays often require consistent therapeutic interventions such as speech therapy, occupational therapy (OT), or applied behavior analysis (ABA) in order to meaningfully access their education (Treatment and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder, 2024). However, service shortages, scheduling barriers, and restrictions on outside providers during the school day frequently create gaps in care. As a result, families may be forced to choose between their child’s educational attendance and the continuity of medically or developmentally necessary services.

House Bill 2327 and corresponding Senate Bill 2055 seek to address this barrier by requiring Local Education …


Long-Term Effect Of Aces On Children’S Mental Health, Substance Abuse, And Education, Annalisa M. Lobello, Kayla A. Kemer Jan 2026

Long-Term Effect Of Aces On Children’S Mental Health, Substance Abuse, And Education, Annalisa M. Lobello, Kayla A. Kemer

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This honors project will aim to discover how adverse childhood experiences (ACES) affect a child’s mental health, substance use, and education. ACES are potentially traumatic events that occur between ages zero to seventeen (Centers for Disease and Control Prevention, 2024). Some examples could include experiencing violence, abuse, neglect, having a family member attempt or die by suicide, growing up around substance use, mental health problems, parental separation, and household members being incarcerated. ACES are widely recognized as powerful predictors on long-term outcomes of children. This proposal will highlight the importance of recognizing ACES within children, trauma-informed care, and appropriate interventions …


Exploring The Knowledge Gap: Mental Health Crisis Identification Training For 911 Call Takers, Kayla L. Ralston, Emma Adcook, Gary Cuddeback, Rebecca Smith, Amy Adkins Jan 2026

Exploring The Knowledge Gap: Mental Health Crisis Identification Training For 911 Call Takers, Kayla L. Ralston, Emma Adcook, Gary Cuddeback, Rebecca Smith, Amy Adkins

UROP Posters

Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) are more likely to come into contact with law enforcement and the justice system. Livingston (2016) found that 25% of people with mental illness have been arrested at least once in their lives.  Law enforcement officers often become the primary intervention in handling a mental health crisis, and most mental health-related training curricula (e.g., Crisis Intervention Team (CIT)) have focused on this group. However, the burden to initially ascertain if an emergency is mental health-related has fallen to 911 call takers and dispatchers, the first first responder. The performance outcomes outlined by the Virginia …


Social Work In Practice, The Final Stretch, Madison M. Fernandez Dec 2025

Social Work In Practice, The Final Stretch, Madison M. Fernandez

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This professional portfolio reflects what I have learned in the MSW program at the University of Montana.


Journey Through, Cathan B. Tautfest Dec 2025

Journey Through, Cathan B. Tautfest

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

Journey Through is the Master's Portfolio for the University of Montana for Author Cathan Tautfest. This paper serves as the capstone graduation requirement for students of the School of Social Work. Over the final semester of the Master's program, this Portfolio was created, reviewed by committee, and defended before its publication. This Portfolio is a culmination of three years and thousands of hours to demonstrate mastery of the ten Social Work competencies, the elements of Social Work Practice, and critically reflect on time spent in the School of Social Work's Master's of Social Work (MSW) program. This Portfolio reflects on …


Bringing Mutuality And Reciprocity Into Focus: A Case Study On Sustaining University-Community Partnerships For Local Systems Change And Student Learning, Jessica L. Lucero, Lucas Martin, Jayme Walters Dec 2025

Bringing Mutuality And Reciprocity Into Focus: A Case Study On Sustaining University-Community Partnerships For Local Systems Change And Student Learning, Jessica L. Lucero, Lucas Martin, Jayme Walters

Transforming Communities

This case study explores a long-term university-community partnership focused on addressing homelessness, highlighting the principles of mutuality and reciprocity in achieving systemic change. Over nearly a decade, the partnership has evolved to engage university resources, faculty, and social work students through research, courses, and outreach activities, such as community surveys, the Point-in-Time Count, strategic planning, advocacy, and service system expansion. These collaborative efforts have contributed to enhanced public awareness, increased state funding, and the establishment of vital services, including a warming center. The case study also underscores the challenges inherent in community-engaged scholarship, including capacity constraints like funding and staffing …


Syllabus: Ssw Field Instruction 3, Katrina Hannan Oct 2025

Syllabus: Ssw Field Instruction 3, Katrina Hannan

Open Educational Resources

Designed to integrate social work knowledge, skills, and values, these courses utilize ecosystems and strengths perspectives alongside a cultural competence model to develop foundational practice competencies for entry-level social work practice. As core elements of the educational program, they bridge academic learning with practical application, enabling students to apply classroom knowledge in real-world settings. The practicum experience emphasizes strategies for engaging with diverse populations, advocating for human rights, and promoting social and economic justice. This hands-on experience fosters the development of practice skills that enhance social well-being and prepare students for effective, ethical social work across micro, mezzo, and macro …


Scoping Review Of Sexual And Gender Minority Health Research In Ireland, John P. Gilmore, Tonda L. Hughes, Sean Kearns, Laurie A. Drabble, Diarmuid Stokes, Siobhán D. Thomas, Chris Noone, Lauren Bochicchio Sep 2025

Scoping Review Of Sexual And Gender Minority Health Research In Ireland, John P. Gilmore, Tonda L. Hughes, Sean Kearns, Laurie A. Drabble, Diarmuid Stokes, Siobhán D. Thomas, Chris Noone, Lauren Bochicchio

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Aim: To map existing sexual and gender minority (SGM) health research in Ireland, identify gaps in literature and outline priorities for future research and healthcare. SGM is an umbrella term that includes people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or intersex and is sometimes abbreviated as LGBTQI+. Design: A scoping review of peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2024. Methods: The review followed Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and PRISMA-ScR framework for scoping reviews. Articles were identified through systematic database searches and screened independently by reviewers. Data Sources: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Embase were searched for articles published …


Unveiling The Veil: Understanding The Intersection Of Racism And Body Image Among Vietnamese American Young Adults, Thien Dang, Meekyung Han Sep 2025

Unveiling The Veil: Understanding The Intersection Of Racism And Body Image Among Vietnamese American Young Adults, Thien Dang, Meekyung Han

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Asian Americans have experienced persistent gendered racism, racial microaggressions, and orientalism. These factors have contributed to dissatisfaction with their body image and have led some individuals to turn to body modification in order to cope with psychological distress and conform to White beauty standards. However, limited research has explored how Vietnamese Americans—one of the fastest-growing Asian American populations—experience and navigate racial dynamics related to body image, particularly in relation to gender differences and the role of cultural identity. To address this knowledge gap, a qualitative study was conducted to explore the intersection of racism, internalized racism, and body image dissatisfaction, …


Covid-19 Prevention Behaviors Are Congruent Within Social Networks Of Disenfranchised Hispanic And Criminal Legal Involved Community Members, Victoria Umutoni, Khavita Bhavan, Nickolas Zaller, Amelia Knopf, Moctezuma Garcia, Russell A. Brewer, Makenna Meyer, Faye Taxman, O’Dell Johnson, Matthew Aalsma, John Schneider Aug 2025

Covid-19 Prevention Behaviors Are Congruent Within Social Networks Of Disenfranchised Hispanic And Criminal Legal Involved Community Members, Victoria Umutoni, Khavita Bhavan, Nickolas Zaller, Amelia Knopf, Moctezuma Garcia, Russell A. Brewer, Makenna Meyer, Faye Taxman, O’Dell Johnson, Matthew Aalsma, John Schneider

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The COVID-19 (COVID) pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on people who have low income and identify as Hispanic or Latinx (PLIH) as well as those with criminal Legal Involvement (CLI). These two groups, and their intersection, are often disenfranchised from livable wage employment, basic social services, and healthcare, which are vital to prevent the spread of COVID. We examined baseline data from the Community Network-Driven COVID Testing of Marginalized Population in the Central US (C3) which included 1036 participants: 32.1% PLIH, 39.6% CLI, 10.6% who identified as both PLIH and CLI, and 17.6% who were neither PLIH nor CLI. …