Digital Commons Network^™

A Qualitative Analysis Of The Community Jail Inhabitant : Impact Of Jail Life On Reintegration Into Society, Bradley D. Wessman

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Attitudes Between Premaritally Pregnant Couples And Non-Premaritally Pregnant Couples, Ed Northam

Student Work

Clinical practitioners have indicated a concern for couples who have married because of pregnancy. Some would suggest that whatever relationship problems brought them in for counseling can often be traced back to unresolved feelings about the reason for marriage. These feelings and the marriage option following pregnancy frequently become the focus in marriage counseling. Often, when these feelings and attitudes remain unresolved, divorce or discontinuance of the relationship follows.

Prison Anger Reduction Programs Evaluation Development Project, Schafer E. N/A, Allan R. Barnes

Reports

This report describes efforts to develop Alaska-specific norms for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), using the Megargee offender classification system, for use in program evaluations in Alaska correctional facilities, specifically for evaluation of three pilot anger reduction programs initiated at Alaska Department of Corrections institutions in late 1984/early 1985: (1) Women in Crisis (at Fairbanks Correctional Center); (2) M. E. N., Inc. (at Lemon Creek Correctional Center, Juneau); (3) Bering Sea Women's Group (at Nome Correctional Center). The report provides assessments of the three programs and the correctional centers where they were held and makes recommendations for completing the …

Why People Like Horror Films: An Exploratory Study With Special Reference To The Opponent-Process Theory, Lori Graham

Whittier Scholars Program

The paper explores the reasons why audiences love horror films from a sociological perspective, specifically through the fear-pleasure paradox and the opponent-process theory.

The Consensus Judgment Process In Job Evaluation: The Effect Of Sex Of Chairperson, Job Stereotype, And Job Level On Individual And Group Ratings, Margaret L. Durr

Student Work

Research concerning the role of the consensus judgment process in job evaluation has been minimal. In the present study, 80 male 80 female college students rated jobs individually using a point method of job evaluation. The subjects were then divided into groups of 4 and a chairperson was assigned. The effects of sex of rater, sex of chairperson, and job stereotype were assessed. The use of an averaging rule to predict consensus ratings, as well as the amount of disagreement among dimensions, were also explored. A third area of research concerned the leadership and power exhibited by the chairperson. Results …

An Attributional Analysis Of Goal Setting, Acceptance, And Performance Outcome On Supervisor's Evaluations, Janet J. Car

Student Work

Previous research investigated the effect of goal setting on supervisors' evaluations of employee performance and the causes attributed to that performance. The results demonstrated that attributions for performance were more a ffected by success versus failure in the assigned than in the participative or self-set condition . It was hypothesized that a possible exception to this relationship might occur when the goal was not accepted by the employee. This 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design investigated the impact of goal acceptance on ratings of task performance and attributions concerning that performance. The overriding determinant of attributions regarding the employee …

Nexus: Painting As A Link To A Primary Reality, Karen Sardisco

Theses

None provided.

Taylor University Magazine (Spring 1985), Taylor University

The Taylor Magazine (1963-Present)

The Spring 1985 edition of Taylor Magazine, published by Taylor University in Upland, Indiana.

The Effects Of Various Error Messages And Error Types On Program Debugging Time., David L. Dawson

Student Work

Using the Shneiderrnan model, programs were bugged with three classes of errors and then flagged with five classes of error messages both to test the the Shneiderman theory and to attempt to develop more useful messages for programmers. Forty subjects, all of whom passed a general selection quiz on the programming language BASIC, participated in the study. Each subject saw three versions of a BASIC statistics program listing, the versions represented the three different types of errors and all shared a common sort of error message. The error types strongly affected the time subjects required to find the bug in …

Statistical Models For Consumer Behaviour In India., Amita Majumder Dr.

Doctoral Theses

The present dissertation is about analysis of consumer behaviour ba sed on time-serios consumption data in the framework of a static complete demand system with special reference to India.On the methodological side, the the proposes two station demand systems. One of them is based on a modification of the Simple Non-additivo Model (SNAM) of Deaton (1976) - a generalisation of Stone's Linear Expenditure System (LES) - that overcomes the limitations of the LES ariaing from the additivity of its underfying direct preference structure. The other system is based on the Frice Independent Generalized Linearity (FIGL) of Maellbaucr (1975). Both the …

That Mild-Mannered Bruce Lee, Michael E. Trulson, Chong W. Kim, Vernon R. Padgett

Management Faculty Research

The article focuses on various studies related to the link between martial arts training and its various outcomes like aggressiveness. An inverse relationship between aggressiveness and length of martial arts training, was found by T. A. Nosanchuk of Carleton University. Another study found that problem teenagers changed after some months of practice in Tae Kwon Do. It is stated that the ability to defend one's self and physical fitness are two other benefits of martial arts.

The Handbook Of Clinic Practice, George A. Kelly, Thomas T. Jackson, Paul F. Zelhart, Robert P. Markley

Fort Hays Studies Series

The Handbook of Clinic Practice is a major surviving document that shows Dr. Kelly's early development as a clinician. The Handbook began as a guide for bachelor and master level students working in the Clinc. This was a major teaching tool for Dr. Kelly during his years at Fort Hays Kansas State College. It represents his early position regarding behavior in a clinical setting, and also provides a glimpse of the immense variety and scope of Dr. Kelly's talents.

Alternatives To Aversive Procedures With Animals In The Psychology Teaching Setting, Jeffrey A. Kelly

Experimentation Collection

In this paper, we will consider the treatment of laboratory animals in psychology instruction and will focus on practical alternatives to traditional practices that cause pain and distress to animals. While the discussion will draw on psychology for examples, many of the issues apply equally to the instruction of students in other courses of study, including medicine, veterinary medicine, biology, and physiology.

Three Blind Mice, See How They Run: A Critique Of Behavioral Research With Animals, Michael A. Giannelli

Experimentation Collection

Animal research has been a traditionally accepted and respected part of modern psychology from its earliest days. The prevalent view of animals in contemporary psychology has origins far more basic than the scientific method. Its roots are deeply imbedded in Judaeo-Christian culture, a tradition which postulates a wide gulf between humankind and the animal world. The Darwinian revolution and the ethological outlook it fostered, while of immense biological significance, has for the most part been neglected by modern American comparative psychologists in favor of a positivistic-behaviorist orientation with a heavy reliance upon laboratory experimentation.

In recent years, opposition to animal …

Depressive Cognitions In University Students: An Investigation Of Two Theories Of Depression, Hans Juergen Breiter

Digitized Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine concurrently the Beck and Seligman cognitive theories of depression. The study involved the testing of task perceptions, and self-referent perceptions more germane to the theories. The relevance of Bandura's self-efficacy construct, to the understanding of depression, was also assessed. Further, issues pertaining to the assessment of depression and to the generalizability of experimental tasks were investigated.;The subjects in the study were undergraduate university women, who qualified for one of three subject groups. On the basis of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), a nondepressed (Normal) and depressed group (Severity) were formed. An additional …

Structures And Strategies Of Attentional Deployment In Schizophrenia, Leonard Robert George

Digitized Theses

Inconsistent findings within three areas of schizoprenia research--processing of stimulus characteristics, attention, and hemispheric functional asymmetry--suggested the importance of examining the attentional resources associated with the cerebral hemispheres among schizophrenics. A cognitive task battery was developed which assessed the functioning of the left and right hemispheres under varying attentional loads. This battery was administered to paranoid and nonparanoid schizophrenics, and three control groups. Error rate and reaction time were monitored. It was found that the schizophrenics, particularly the nonparanoids, displayed evidence of a generalized decrease in available resources across attentional pools. In addition, overall reaction time data suggested the existence …

Self And Reflective Self-Perception: Effects Of Mood, Social, Interaction, And Referent-Type, Michael Renford Macdonald

Digitized Theses

The present thesis is focused on three issues devoted to exploring the nature of reflective self-perception. The first issue concerned the relationship between self and reflective self-perception, across several cognitive indices. The relationship between self and reflective self-perception was examined with respect to three types of reflective self-referents: a generalized other, a well-known other, and a new acquaintance. The second issue involved the effects of mild depression and social anxiety on individuals' self and reflective self-perceptions. The third area of investigation concerned the nature of normal individuals' self and reflective self-perceptions both prior to, and following, an interaction with mildly …

Information Synthesis And Potentially Controllable Situations: Implications For Stress Relevant Appraisals, Maxine S. Morrison

Digitized Theses

Two major stress sources--imminence of threat and effortful cognitive formulations of predictive judgments appeared to be inversely related during the stress appraisal process. Inter-relationships among stress sources and cognitive and direct reactions were examined using psychometric, behavioural and psychophysiological measures throughout a multistage paradigm which systematically varied stress relevant control and informational factors.;The two initial experiments derived subjective stress, control, and informational ratings for lists of hypothetical situations. Results from both studies delineated individual variations in propensities to report stress. Moreover, perceived stress was negatively associated with control but positively related to informational demands, suggesting an oppositional co-variation between the …

Organizational Commitment: A Three-Component Model, Natalie Jean Allen

Digitized Theses

Because organizational commitment has been conceptualized and measured in various ways, research examining it has produced a somewhat inconsistent set of results. In the conceptual model guiding the present research, organizational commitment is considered to have three components. The affective component refers to the employee's emotional attachment to, identification with, and involvement in, the organization. The continuance component refers to commitment based upon the employee's perception of the costs associated with leaving the organization. The normative component refers to the employee's feelings of moral obligation to the organization. Three studies were conducted to test aspects of this three-component model of …

Behavioural Training For Parents Of Mentally Retarded Children, Ian Gregory Manion

Digitized Theses

Seven families participated in a behavioural training program for parents of mentally retarded children. The goals of this research were to: conduct a more extensive and systematic assessment of behavioural generality following basic behavioural training; determine how certain task characteristics affect such generalization; determine if certain forms of additional training (i.e., self-management training) enhance such generalization; assess the longterm maintenance and setting generality of parent skills following training; assess the role of individual characteristics in the initial and generalized effects of training; and provide an analysis of both therapist and client costs associated with such training.;The research design was a …

Response Transfer In Biofeedback Training., Lynn Pendarvis Clemow

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The physiological effects and processes of biofeedback procedures are important issues in relaxation training. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent of cross-system generalization and the processes by which it may occur. Specifically, do different biofeedback tasks produce different patterns of response across systems and, are the physiological processes different for each biofeedback task, or are they similar processes in all tasks? Forty-eight volunteers participated in three one-hour sessions and randomly assigned to one of four groups as follows; (1) increase hand-temperature, (2) decrease frontalis-EMG, (3) decrease hand-temperature, and (4) control. Subjects received training as indicated in …

Cognitive Characteristics As Predictors Of Children's Understanding Of Safety And Accident Prevention (Reflection-Impulsivity, Causal Reasoning, Parent Style), Nina M. Coppens

Doctoral Dissertations

In the present study, children's level of causal reasoning and cognitive style were considered as possible predictors of their understanding of safety and accident prevention. Understanding of safety and accident prevention were operationalized as differentiation of safe and unsafe situations and specification of measures for preventing accidents, respectively. Individual interviews were conducted with 112 children, aged 3 through 8 years, currently enrolled in either a daycare or after-school program.

An accurate understanding of safety and accident prevention was related to an understanding of causal relations and to a reflective cognitive style. However, multiple regression analyses revealed that level of causal …

Judging Control: When Can We Expect Expectations To Predict Judgments? (Contingency, Contrast Effects), Susan E. Newman

Doctoral Dissertations

Two experiments were conducted to test the predictive validity of a model put forth by Alloy and Tabachnik (1984) to account for judgments of contingency. The authors contend that such judgments can be accounted for by determining the interaction of information contributed by "one's expectations" and by the objective "situation." It was argued here that those two components, independently or interactively, are not always sufficient to predict judgments; the same objective data may be judged differently in different contexts and sometimes contrarily to one's expectations. That is, contrast effects may occur. This argument was supported using two different paradigms. In …

A Rate Comparison Model Of Concurrent Schedule Performance, Douglas Stuart Lea

Doctoral Dissertations

A rate comparison model of concurrent schedule performance and foraging is proposed. The model is a molecular equalizing theory of matching, based on results from optimal foraging theory and corresponding data from behavioral ecology. It state that animals leave one concurrent alternative for another whenever their estimates of current local food rates fall below a criterion based on habitat-wide average rates. Linear operator rules are offered as among the most plausible rate estimation strategies. The model may be applicable to both schedule performance and foraging in patchy natural environments, even though differences between these situations may result in variations in …

The Influences Of Caregiver Experience And Cry Type Upon Adults' Caregiving Behaviors, Karen Sears

Honors Capstones

Past research has investigated both cry perception and cry acoustics to determine whether cries elicited by differing stimuli can be distinguished by adults and whether caregiving experience affects this ability. Although these questions have been studied since the 1920s, a state of controversy still exists. More recently, Wolff (1969) and Murray (1979) have proposed that cries elicited by hunger and pain are not discrete cry types, but rather, are two different levels of one single, graded signal. According to Wolff, a cry’s causal stimulus can be identified only during the initial wails, after which the cry settles into a basic …

Secondary Memory Functioning In Good And Poor Readers (Interference)., Elizabeth B. Williford

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This research compared the short-term memory deficit and the verbal ability deficiency theories of reading disability by examining reaction time performance of good readers and inferior readers in both primary and secondary memory tasks, using a combination of the Sternberg memory scanning paradigm and the Brown-Peterson distractor tasks. One hundred ninety-two Louisiana State University students from the psychology and remedial reading departments were randomly assigned to one of eight experimental groups. Subjects received test material of either four or two item memory sets. The 48 test trials consisted of three trials from each of 16 different categories, with trials grouped …

Social Skills Assessment For Mainstreamed Handicapped Students: The Discriminative Efficiency Of The Teacher Ratings Of Social Skills (Tross)., Frederick Lee Black

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Until recently no time-efficient teacher rating scale of social skills has been available. With the development of the Teacher Ratings of Social Skills (TROSS; Gresham & Elliott, 1984) this gap has possibly been filled. Preliminary research on the scale has shown it to possess adequate reliability and validity (Clark, Gresham, & Elliott, 1985). Little is known yet, however, regarding the possible utility of the scale in discriminating among school-aged children of differing handicapping conditions. The present study examined the discriminative efficiency of the TROSS with a sample of 250 school-age children from four different groups: (a) Behavior Disordered, (b) Learning …

An Attempt To Validate An Inventory From The Criteria Of Dsm-Iii., David Gilbert Perry

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Criteria of DSM-III were used as source material for items in a psychopathology inventory series. The inventories provided DSM-III diagnoses by reproducing the DSM-III decision process through diagnostic keys. The personality disorders inventory (ADI) was chosen as initial research instrument. Forty-seven voluntary clients from two sites served as clinical subjects and 29 non-clinical volunteers, given special directions to avoid diagnosis, served as subjects for validity scales. Four clinical psychologists matched DSM-III criteria with ADI items in measurement of content validity. Results showed that the ADI was not a useful psychometric instrument in its present form. The ADI gave too many …

Individual Differences And Their Relation To Social Structure In Domestic Cats., Rena Durr Mister

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Two groups of domestic cats with established social structures were tested for their response to novel stimuli in a variety of test situations. Clearly observable individual differences in responses were seen which were consistent over a series of test sessions and remained stable despite regular environmental disruptions. Individual differences in behavioral response were found not to be related to object dominance (food competition) or social dominance (freedom of movement in social encounters) unlike similar studies with social animals. No relationship was found in either group between rank in object dominance and rank in social dominance. Significant correlations were demonstrated between …

The Effect Of Muscle Contraction Headache Chronicity On Frontal Emg (Psychophysiology, Tension Headache)., Eleanor Belle Callon

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The hypothesis that frontal EMG levels measured by surface electrodes change as a function of the number of years of muscle contraction headache activity was tested. Three levels of muscle contraction headache chronicity ((GREATERTHEQ)20 years, (LESSTHEQ)10 years, and none) were examined under imagined stress and a quiz falsely presented as a measure of intelligence. The two stress conditions were counterbalanced across subjects. The three groups had 10 members each and were equivalent in age and subjects' ratings of the laboratory stressors. Psychophysiological recordings were done during a headache free period. An ANOVA indicated no group effect and no group x …