Digital Commons Network^™

Effects Of Explicit Discussion Guidelines And An Acceptance Goal On The Acceptance And Quality Of Group Decisions., Courtland Merlyn Chaney

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A study was conducted using a total of 144 male and female college undergraduates to determine whether an explicit statement of the group goal of acceptance along with specific discussion guidelines on how to achieve this goal could have a facilitative effect on the quality and/or acceptance of the solution reached by a group. Hypothesis were generated from Hoffman's hierarchical model of the group problem-solving process and previous research. The results revealed nonsignificant increments in individual acceptance, individual and group improvement, and time required by groups to reach a decision, as a result of providing a greater amount of explicitness …

Cognitive Processes In Depression., Sally Ann Davis

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Hypotheses derived from Beck's cognitive theory of depression were tested using 60 depressed and non-depressed males and females as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory. Subjects rated their performance before and after they received "positive," "negative," and "neutral" feedback regarding their performance on a social interaction task. They were also asked to recall feedback they received and explain reasons for their post-feedback self-rating. Results showed depressed males and females had a more negative evaluation of present circumstances and poorer memory for feedback. Further, depressed males lowered their self-evaluation upon feedback significantly more than did non-depressed males. In addition, depressed males …

Cross-Validation Of The Adolescent Behavioral Classification Project Instrument: A Factor Analytic Study., Katherine M. Krefft

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The Adolescent Behavioral Classification Project is one aspect of the larger Behavioral Classification Project, a long-term project designed to develop a behaviorally-based taxonomy of emotional disorders. The Adolescent Behavioral Classification Project (ABCP) instrument is a comprehensive list of 518 behavioral items and 3 demographic variables that cover the range of emotional problems of youth 13 to 18 years of age. This research concerns the cross-validation of the ABCP instrument on a sample of clinic and nonclinic youngsters. Results from a total of 810 questionnaires, 300 from subjects seen in clinics and 510 from nonclinic subjects, were submitted to a principal …

Exploration Of Generalization Effects Of Social Skills Training In Children., Catherine Alice Seiler

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The generalization effects of social skills training (consisting of instructions, feedback, behavior rehearsal, and modeling) were examined in a multiple baseline design across settings and across subjects. The five male and female subjects, ranging in age between 10 and 13 years, were referred for treatment by teachers and parents because of difficulties with interpersonal relationships. Response latency, ratio of eye-contact to speech duration, intonation, smiles, gestures, verbalizations in five content areas and overall social skills were the target behaviors selected for modification within the clinic setting. Teacher and parent ratings of interpersonal behaviors considered problematic for each subject and sociometric …

Consummatory Response Strength In The Analysis Of Taste-Aversion Learning, Arnold Lee Grossblatt

Doctoral Dissertations

Pavlovian conditioning has primarily employed motivationally neutral events as conditioned stimuli. Taste-aversion conditioning studies, on the other hand, use as conditioned stimuli flavored solutions with distinct motivational or response-determining properties. It is possible that many of the differences between taste-aversion conditioning and other forms of Pavlovian conditioning are related to this difference in the nature of the conditioned stimuli. This possibility was examined with regard to the nature of flavor salience in aversion conditioning. One flavor may appear more salient than another because of a difference in associability with illness, or because the more salient flavor supports a weaker, more …

The Effects Of Competition And External Rewards On Intrinsic Motivation, Gary Stephen Goldstein

Doctoral Dissertations

A number of studies have demonstrated that the presence of an external reward reduces intrinsic motivation. Deci's (1975) theory of cognitive evaluation and Lepper, Greene and Nisbett's (1973) overjustification hypothesis account for these findings using attribution theory. Basically, these tw.

Reducing Disparity In Judicial Sentencing: A Social-Psychological Approach, Siegfried Ludwig Sporer

Doctoral Dissertations

Researchers from diverse disciplines--e.g. sociologists, criminologists, political scientists, legal observers, and most recently also psychologists--have studied judicial sentencing. More than half a century of research, employing multiple methodologies, strongly demonstrates that the unguided use (or abuse) of discretion has frequently led to vast disparity in judicial sentencing; i.e. large variations among sentences given for highly similar offenses and/or offenders. Among the various reform proposals reviewed, sentencing councils have been suggested as a constructive solution to reduce sentencing disparity without abandoning judicial discretion or displacing disparity to other agents in the criminal justice system.

The present research attempts to demonstrate the …

German Idealism And The Development Of Psychology In The Nineteenth Century, David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

THE BIRTH OF MODERN SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY is generally placed in Germany around 1850. This birth is credited by the standard historiography to the dual parentage of the empirical school of philosophy and the experimental study of sensory physiology. There is also a tradition of giving a nod toward Kant and Herbart as predecessors, for varying reasons, of the rise of scientific psychology.¹ Almost completely overlooked in the literature is the influence of post-Kantian German idealism upon the development of the concepts, subject matter, and methods of psychology. This is somewhat surprising since idealism was the dominant philosophical movement in …

Stages Of Divorce: A Psychological Perspective, Florence W. Kaslow

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Group Influence And Cognitive Consistency As Determinants Of Value Change: A Methodological Analysis Of Self-Confrontation Theory., Mark L. Paris

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The present study attempted to either extend, modify or challenge Rokeach's (1973) Self-confrontation theory of value change. Rokeach (1973) found that subjects who were confronted with specific self-confrontation messages, which were designed to make differences between their value systems and self-concepts salient, were more likely than control subjects to change the rank-ordering of the values Freedom and Equality in a ranking task containing 18 values. Rokeach explained this phenomenon by invoking the concept of self-dissatisfaction, which he said subjects came to feel as a result of being exposed to the self-confrontation messages. The present study compared this explanation with the …

An Empirical Analysis Of Brain Damage And Minimal Brain Dysfunction In School Age Children., Gregory Blaine Sisk

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) in children is described in terms of diagnosis, symptomatology, etiology, prevalence, and prognosis. The MBD area is reviewed with reference to brain damage (BD), non-BD, and empirical models of classfication. A rationale is developed for empirically derived categories of MBD using (a) a comprehensive assessment battery, (b) the administration of this battery to BD, MBD, and normal children, (c) a factor analysis of the children's scores on the test variables, and (d) a cluster analysis of all the children based on the similarity of their factor score profiles. In addition, a canonical correlation between early life-history …

Social Competency In Adolescent Chemical Abusers And Nonabusers., Patricia Mary Aptaker

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Subjects were 32 adolescents from a private, inpatient drug abuse treatment unit and 32 university laboratory high school adolescents with no history of treatment for drug abuse (16 females and 16 males in each group). Each subject completed the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule, the High School Self Expression Scale, and the Polydrug Assessment Scale and role-played and wrote responses to eight items involving familiar and unfamiliar female and male peers. Judges independently rated assertiveness and aggressiveness for all responses and affect and anxiety for role-played responses. Interrater reliabilities ranged from .79 to .92. Scores on self-report inventories were submitted to 2 …

Effects Of Fear Of Success On Intrinsic Motivation, Causal Attribution, And Choice Behavior, Miron Zuckerman, Deborah T. Lawrence, Peter Blanck, Joseph F. A. Porac

Burton Blatt Institute

Examined the extent to which fear of success (FOS) moderates effects of choice and task outcomes on intrinsic motivation, causal attribution, and subsequent choice behavior. 139 undergraduates worked either on puzzles of their choice or puzzles that were assigned to them and were then informed that they had performed either better or worse than the majority of other Ss. Measures of intrinsic motivation (task engagement during a free-choice period) and of attribution for performance were obtained. Ss then indicated how much choice they wanted to have over similar tasks that they were going to perform. Finally, Ss completed the Fear …

Nova University Nova College For Career-Focused Adults Part-Time Degree Programs Undergraduate Evening And Saturday Courses [No Date], Nova University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

Nova University Nova College For Career-Focused Adults Part-Time Degree Programs Undergraduate Evening And Saturday Courses [No Date], Nova University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Rational-Emotive Therapy In The Reduction Of Trait Anxiety Of College Undergraduate Students, Thomas Stanley Golabek

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) in reducing levels of trait anxiety in undergraduates who enrolled in anxiety reduction workshops. S's were 44 volunteer male and female students from the University of the Pacific who enrolled in either an independent study or a mini-course series of 8 sessions, and were assigned to one of the three randomly designated groups: Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET), Attention Placebo (AP), or No-Treatment (NT). The AP procedure consisted of exposure to various nutritional aspects of physical fitness which focused on vitamin and mineral intake. Two self-report measures, the …

Generalization Of Learned Helplessness : A Test Of The Attribution Theory Models, Jean Griffin

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between global/specific and stable/unstable dimensions of attributions and the generalization of helplessness across tasks and situations. Four groups of subjects were given instructions suggesting that their performance on a Venn diagram task could be attributed to (a) global or specific and (b) staple or unstable factors. Then, during performance of this task, these subjects were given noncontingent correctness feedback on their responses. A control group given the same task received no attribution instructions or feedback on their performance. Generalization of helplessness was assessed by examining the magnitude of performance deficits displayed on an anagram task …

Self-Instructional Training To Increase Independent Work Skills In Preschoolers, Lorrie E. Aubert

Student Work

The effects of cognitive self-instructional training on performance of independent work skills in three impulsive, disruptive preschool children was investigated using a multiple-baseline design across subjects. Behavioral observations of the children in the classroom indicated that, after the introduction of self-instructional training, there was an increase in on-task behavior and work completion for the subjects and an increase in accuracy of work for all three children. A second self-instructional training input had little effect on the children's classroom behavior; however, subsequent introduction of a mild incentive procedure directly into the classroom resulted in further improvement in two subjects rates of …

Industrial Incentive Testing: The Effects Of Pilot Programs On The Performance Of Non-Pilot Groups, Thomas E. Kranda

Student Work

The question of central interest in this study was, "do incentive testing pilot programs adversely affect the performace of non-pilot groups?" The current managerial practice of testing new motivational techniques on small subgroups within an organization provides employees with a recognizable discrepancy between the effort to reward payoffs among co-workers. Independent variables manipulated in this study were: (a) differing levels of preferential treatment, and (b) membership versus non-membership in a bonus testing pilot group. Dependent variables included task quantity, task quality, subject's estimates of productivity had they been in each of four treatment conditions, and treatment group attractiveness rating. Planned …

Complexity Of Distraction And Message/Task As They Relate To Persuasion And Intellectual Task Performance, Patrick Don Jerome

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Newsletter, Volume 24, Number 03, May - June 1979, William Au Phd, T.C. Hsu Phd, Betty Pfefferbaum Phd, Richard H. Lucas Phd

Newsletter: A Report to Physicians of Texas Archives

• John Higginson Discusses Future of Cancer Research
• Clastogenic Effects of Biological Stains and Dyes
• Systemic Hyperthermia at MDAH
• Pioneer in Maxillofacial Prothetics Dies
• Psychological Considerations in Pediatric Oncology
• Chairman Reappointed to Texas Board of Health
• Addendum to MDAH Referral Guide

Methods For Increasing Children's Comprehension Of Prosocial Values As Transmitted Through Television Programs, Lissette E. Villanueva

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of intervening commentary and generalization discussions upon the generalization of prosocial values as transmitted through a commercially broadcast prosocial television program. The subjects participating were 50 first graders and 50 third graders. They were randomly assigned to one of five treatment conditions (control, film only, film with commentary, film with generalization, and film with commentary and generalization). Contrary to predications, the intervening commentary used as a means of directing attention to the critical points in the story, did not have an effect upon the comprehension of the values implied in the program. It is suggested …

The Effects Of Manning Levels On Maintenance Mechanisms And Rejection Of A Deviate, David Willis Arnold

Student Work

"Psychology has been so busy selecting from, imposing upon, and rearranging the behavior of its subjects that it has until very recently neglected to note behavior's clear structure whe n it is not molested by i tests, experiments, questionnaires, and interviews" (Barker, 1963, p. 2 4). This relatively lucid scrutinization of behavior has been the major concern of what is referred to as behavior setting or undermanning theory. The original theory was derived from Barker (1960) and his extensive observations of the behavior settings within two towns. According to Barker (1968), a behavior setting is an ecobehavioral unit which is …

On Tapp (And Levine), Michael J. Saks

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Law, Justice, and the Individual in Society: Psychological and Legal Issues edited by June Louin Tapp and Felice J. Levine

Ariel - Volume 9 Number 5, John Welch, George Coar, John W. Smith, Ii, Richard Yelovich, Mark Rubin, Roslyn Taylor, Steve Levine, John Radomski, Robert L. Brent, Vincent Viscomi, Jon Adams, Joyce Freidel, Mark Repka

Ariel

Executive Editor

Seth B. Paul

Associate Editor

Warren J. Ventriglia

Business Manager

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University News

John Patrick Welch

World News

George Robert Coar

Editorials Editor

Steve Levine

Features

Mark Rubin

Brad Feldstein

Sports Editor

Eli Saleeby

Photo Editor

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Circulation

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Graphics and Art

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California Institute Of Asian Studies -- Catalog 1979-1980, Ciis

CIIS Catalogs Archive

This is the 1979-1980 catalog of courses, staff and faculty for the California Institute of Asian Studies (CIIS).

Psychology Gone Awry: An Analysis Of Psychological World Views, Mark P. Cosgrove

Books by Taylor faculty, staff, and administrators

Demonstrating that each of the three major psychological world views—naturalistic, humanistic, and transpersonal—has Its own singular weakness. Mark P. Cosgrove suggests an alternative: Christian theism. "A world view based on Christian beliefs." says Cosgrove. "adequately copes with the weaknesses of modern psychological world views and provides a suitable framework for the study of man and the development of solutions to human problems."

Personality And Behavioral Characteristics Of Physically Abused Children., James Alexander Duncan

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Psychological Androgyny And Autobiographical Forecast Of One's Future., Anne-Marie Meehan

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Procrastination: The Personality And Situational Correlates Of Procrastination Behavior For Achievement Tasks., Robert Roy Taylor

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.