Digital Commons Network^™

Counselor -In -Training Preferences For Ideal Supervisor Characteristics Of Attractiveness, Expertness, And Trustworthiness By Experience And Gender, Lois Hope Reed

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined whether there were significant differences between male and female counselors-in-training (CITs), at three levels of supervised training experience in preference for supervisor characteristics of attractiveness, expertness, or trustworthiness. The Supervisor Rating Form (Heppner & Handley, 1982), renamed the Supervisor Preference Form for the current study, was used to assess these three dimensions. Participants in the study consisted of 70 females and 28 males who met the inclusion criteria of enrollment in a CACREP-accredited Master's or APA-accredited doctoral program in counselingPsychology, or were interns from an accredited program in an APA-accredited internship. The participants were divided into level …

Mother -Daughter Attachment, Social Support, Relationship With Husband, And Socioeconomic Status As Predictors Of Postpartum Depression, Dana Giles Lasek

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was designed to investigate whether the independent variables of mother-daughter attachment, social support, relationship with husband, and socioeconomic status would significantly predict postpartum depression. The sample consisted of 42 women between the ages of 18 and 38 who were in attendance at prenatal classes at two community hospitals. The independent variables were measured using the Mother-Daughter Attachment Scale (MDAS); the Norbeck Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ); the Relationship with Husband Subscale (RHU) which was contained within the Lederman Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire; and the Hollingshead Two-Factor index of Social Position. The dependent variable was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression …

Physician Attitudes Toward Clinical Health Psychologists In Medical Settings, Katherine T. Kelly

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary healthcare system is noted to be the de facto mental health system in the United States” (Stroshal, 1996). Despite this fact, patients typically do not receive the appropriate behavioral treatment to ameliorate their pain and suffering (Resnick & Rozensky, 1996). The present study attempted to investigate physicians' attitudes toward psychologists in medical settings with regard to whether these attitudes are influenced by (a) levels of medically/psychologically based medical conditions, (b) level of resident training, (c) level of exposure to psychological services, and (d) level of emphasis on psychological training within the medical schools. Thirty-nine female and forty-five male …

Plasticity In Avian Unihemispheric Sleep: An Antipredator Function, Niels Christian Rattenborg

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A largely unexplored area in behavioral ecology is the inherent conflict between sleep and wakefulness. Wakefulness is an adaptive state that allows animals to interact with their environment, yet its efficacy is contingent upon prior sleep, a vulnerable state of reduced responsiveness. Birds and aquatic mammals have essentially side-stepped this problem by simultaneously engaging in both wakefulness and sleep; one cerebral hemisphere sleeps while the other remains awake, a unique state known as unihemispheric sleep. In aquatic mammals, unihemispheric sleep allows sleep and sufacing to breathe to occur concurrently. However, the adaptive function of avian unihemispheric sleep has been unclear. …

Psychometric Properties Of Measures Of Behavioral Inhibition With Preschool -Age Children, Randy Granville Floyd

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Measures of behavioral inhibition offer promise in identification of young children with ADHD. This study investigated the factorial validity, ecological validity, and temporal reliability of 6 performance-based measures of behavioral inhibition in a sample of 70 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. A single factor, Behavioral Inhibition, appeared to influence the scores on these measures. This factor was found to be significantly correlated with teacher ratings of aggression and inattention and to differentiate between genders and between older and younger children. Several individual measures were correlated with ratings of aggression and inattention and demonstrated adequate 1- to 2-week test-retest reliability.

The Difference Between The Social Support Systems Of The Hiv -Infected Who Did And Did Not Utilize Mental Health Services, Michael Anthony Vandehey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two variables were assessed for their impact upon social support systems of the HIV-infected over a two-year period. First, the difference between the utilization of mental health services and the number of frequency of contacts with family, friend, and professional social support providers was investigated. Second, the difference between stage of illness and number of and frequency of contacts with family, friend, and professional social support providers was investigated. The Health Status Questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire and Client Information Form were used to collect data. The utilization of mental health services was not found to significantly increase or decrease the …

The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Cognitions Related To Depression, Julia M. Lash

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Exercise is known to improve mood and reduce depression. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for the antidepressent effects of exercise are not known. Cognitive therapy, one of the most effective psychological treatments of depression, is based on the assumption that changes in a person's negative thoughts will result in a remission of depression. The purpose of this study was to determine if a similar change in cognitions might occur with exercise. Self-report measures of mood (Profile of Mood States and Visual Analog Mood Scale) and depressive cognitions (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire, Beck Self-Concept Test and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale) were measured before and …

A Comparison Of Two Approaches Of Symbolic Modeling And Self -Efficacy, Roy James Hamilton

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effect of video and written modeling on self-efficacy of 70 master's degree students enrolled in their first techniques course was investigated. The ability to understand and use reflection of content, feeling, and meaning was presented to the experimental group through videotaped instruction and examples and the control group through written instruction and examples. Facts about reflecting skills, which included information and three vignettes, demonstrated the use of the skills. Through two pilot studies, the Reflecting Skills Questionnaire (RSQ) developed for this study showed convergent validity with the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE). Participants' indication of self-efficacy for the reflection of …

Possible Predictors And Effects Of Rape During The First Semester Of The First Year Of College, Christine Ellen Frydenborg

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Psychological Discriminants Of Binge-Drinking Among Female College Students, Adrian Restivo-Levitt

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Relationships Among Attributional Style, Behavioral Problems, And Gender In Learning Disabled Vs. Non-Learning Disabled Adolescents, Janet Cervalli

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Acquisition Of Syntax In A Minature Artificial Language : Effects Of Input And Instruction, Penelope Ann Fowler

School of Psychology Theses

The goal of the research was to discover which type of input and instruction best facilitates the acquisition of syntax in adult learners. An artificial miniature language was used to model real second language to control precisely the type of input, conditions of exposure and instruction accompanying that input. Performance of learners under four input conditions was compared and analogies were drawn between these conditions and those experienced by adult second language learners (L2 learners). "Instructed" learners Z): like formally instructed L2 learners were systematically taught the rules of the language. "Exposure" learners saw example sentences and were asked to …

The Validity Of Selected Draw -A -Person Test Classifying Criteria Among Homosexual And Non-Homosexual Males, Ornsteiner Joel Von

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of Machover's (1949) interpretation that attention to both the hips and buttocks drawn by male subjects in their first male Draw-A-Person Test (DAP) or the drawing of a female figure first are significant indicators of male homosexuality. The hypothesis was that the frequency of these homosexual indicators among non-instituted homosexuals would be significantly higher (P = <.05) than the male heterosexual group. One hundred homosexual and 100 heterosexual males were selected from groups of volunteers from two universities, one bookstore and a community center in the New York City area. The subjects were administered a DAP test in booklet format and a questionnaire. The drawings were classified for homosexual indicators blindly and independently by three judges who were trained in the use of the Machover interpretation of the DAP. Chi square analyses were calculated for the frequency of hips and buttocks and for the drawing of a female figure first and no significant differences between the self identified homosexual and heterosexual male groups in the expected direction were found. It was concluded that the lack of any significant difference between the scores of the homosexual and heterosexual males in this study casts considerable doubt on the validity of the male homosexual interpretations explored. Speculations were made concerning the widely discrepant results from past studies and this investigation. The majority of the past research had been conducted within institutional settings and there have been cultural changes over the last fifty years in bothPsychology and society's tolerance for the male homosexual. Unlike any previous DAP study, one-hundred urban homosexual and one-hundred heterosexual males were randomly selected. This researcher cautions that the DAP test should be interpreted with other available information, and results based on its independent use are viewed with much skepticism. Implications for future research were discussed.

An Analysis Of Differences Among Males Choosing A Traditional As Opposed To Non -Traditional Career, Scott David Struck

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The question of how men entering nontraditional careers (i.e. nursing), differ from men entering a more traditional career (i.e. technology) has not been adequately examined. Career decision-making self-efficacy, sex role identity, age, and the degree of influence on career choice of role models, perceived income, and the importance of career advancement, was examined among male nursing (n = 80) as opposed to male technology majors (n = 72). Career related self-efficacy was measured using the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy scale (CDMSE; Taylor & Betz, 1983), while the Bem Sex Role Inventory-Short Form (BSRI-SF; Bem, 1981) was used to measure sex role …

An Investigation Of The Clinical Utility Of The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, Pamela F. Foley

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Conceptual Development And Expectations About Counseling Of An Inmate Population, Sandra Rabben

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Emotional Dysregulation In Children With Aids-Diagnosed Mothers: A Comparative Study, Kathleen O'Brien-Sheber

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Fantasy And Development In Pregnant Adolescents, Nadezhda M.T. Robinson

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Embracing Descent: The Bankruptcy Of A Business Paradigm For Conceptualizing And Regulating The Legal Profession, Jeffrey W. Stempel

Scholarly Works

Lawyers are said to travel in packs, or at least pairs, and in the popular parlance are often compared to hoards of locusts, herds of cattle, or unruly mobs. However, at least for purposes of assessing concerns with professionalism currently surrounding the bar and the public, whether attorneys are more or less social than other human animals does not matter. My point is simply that lawyers are social beings; like other human beings in social and occupational groups, lawyers behave largely in accordance with group norms, in much the same way peer pressure led Julian English toward juvenile delinquency in …

Increasing The Discriminability Of Schedules Results In Both Negative And Positive Behavioral Contrast In The Running Wheel, Lisa M. Fosbender

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

Syllable Structure And Stress Effects On Articulatory Coordination, Philip Lawrence Gleason

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1990 - 1999

Two experiments are reported, both dealing with syllable affiliation of a consonant. The first experiment extends the work of Tuller and Kelso (1990) and was designed to capture the signatures of loss of stability in a dynamical system (enhanced fluctuations and critical slowing). An Articulograph device (Carstens Medizinelektronik GmbH.) was used to track the movements of the tongue tip, the lower lip, and the jaw in the midsagittal plane while the subjects spoke a VCC word in time to an auditory metronome at a slowly increasing rate. A clear transition occurred in the phonetics (VCC -> CVC) as judged by …

Influence Of Parenting Practices On Ethnic Identity And Social And Academic Outcomes, Vickie Annette Williams

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1990 - 1999

The present study examined the relation between parenting practices and adolescent ethnic identity, behavior problems, and academic achievement. Four hundred and sixty-nine adolescents completed questionnaires assessing perceptions of parenting, ethnic identity, and social adjustment. Grades and achievement scores were obtained from participating schools. The study addressed four aims: (1) Examine the relation between parenting practices and adolescent outcomes; (2) Examine the relation between parenting practices and ethnic identity; (3) Examine the relation between ethnic identity and adolescent outcomes; and (4) Explore whether these associations vary across ethnic groups. It was hypothesized that parenting practices would influence adolescent outcomes similarly regardless …

Linking Dynamic Social Impact Theory To Social Representation Theory: The Emergence Of Social Representations Of Aggression Through Electronic Communication, Samantha Walker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1990 - 1999

Social representations consist of beliefs, values and norms that influence thought and behavior. Moscovici's Social Representation Theory provides an explanation for how social representations are formed, mutate, and survive, while Dynamic Social Impact Theory provides a framework by which to examine the emergence of macro-social phenomena from everyday communication (i.e., clustering, consolidation and continued diversity). Previous research has not examined, but has assumed, the processes by which social representations of aggression develop. The purpose of the present study was to examine social representations (SRs) of direct and indirect aggression and the process by which SRs emerge from interpersonal communication. Specifically, …

Psychoacoustic Evaluations Of The West Indian Manatee (Trichechus Manatus Latirostis), Edmund Roy Gerstein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1990 - 1999

Psychoacoustic procedures were used to measure the heating thresholds of captive West Indian manatees under simultaneous masking conditions. Auditory detection thresholds of pulsed and non- pulsed pure tones, and complex sounds were measured against continuous white noise backgrounds through a series of forced-choice paradigms. Auditory thresholds as a function of signal intensity, center frequency, pulse repetition, spectral characteristics and bandwidth were measured. Resulting critical signal-to-noise ratios for pure tone measurements suggest manatees have relatively acute frequency filtering abilities compared with humans and other marine mammals. Signal characteristics such as repetition rate along with amplitude and frequency modulation may lower detection …

Knowledge And Attitudes Of Sexuality In The Elderly Among Educators Of Health Care Professionals, Joanne L. Chapman

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Many elderly adults have fears and concerns regarding sexuality, including the impact of chronic disease on sexual function. Typically, society has negative attitudes toward elderly sexual expression with misconceptions, negative stereotyping and myths compounding ageist perceptions that the elderly become asexual with age. Thus knowledge of and attitudes toward sexuality in the elderly has become an area of interest over the past several decades. In an attempt to promote sexual expression as a right for the elderly and physiological changes viewed in terms of positive adjustment, White (1982) developed an instrument to determine knowledge of and attitudes towards sexuality of …

Emotion Altering Effects Of Research Participation, Matthew Dunsire

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Previous studies have suggested that participating in psychological research may temporarily amplify participants’ experience of positive or negative emotions (Daugherty & Lawrence. 1996). In the present research, 114 male and female university students completed either self-focused or non-self-focused questionnaires to investigate characteristics that may predispose some participants to positive or negative reactions following participation in research. Four hypotheses were examined: (a) A self-focused task compared to a non-self-focused task would significantly increase average levels of emotional arousal; (b) the amplification of emotional reactions would be greater in females than males (c) participants experiencing negative life events and who are less …

Burnout Among Western Australian Psychologists : Exploring Issues Within Forensic Psychology As Potential Predictors, Claire L. Lynn

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The level of burnout among a sample of Western Australian psychologists and a comparison of scores to the American normative sample of mental health workers was investigated. The study was also particularly interested to explore whether issues pertinent to the forensic psychologist were predictive of burnout. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which comprises three components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal accomplishment The study explored whether characteristics in relation to the psychologist, the client and the workplace had predictive value for the level of burnout. Variables considered across these characteristics were age and gender, client problem …

Psychological Impact Of Scrutiny On Contingent Fee Attorney Effort, Robert E. Thomas

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Multiple Out-Of-Home Placements & Children's Psychosocial Functioning, Brittawni Lee Olson

Student Work

This study examined the relationship between multiple out-of-home placements and children’s psychosocial functioning. Psychosocial functioning was measured by the number of mental health services recommended to the child by a licensed mental health professional and the number of negative behaviors exhibited by the child as recorded in the caseworkers’ narratives or mental health professional’s report. Independent variables included total number of placements experienced per child and average placement duration. Data were extracted from the administrative database and case files of the State of Nebraska Foster Care Review Board Tracking System (N=443). In addition to the number of out-of-home placements and …

The Legal Implications Of Psychology: Human Behavior, Behavioral Economics, And The Law Symposium: The Legal Implications Of Psychology Human Behavior, Behavioral Economics, And The Law, Stephen D. Hurd

Vanderbilt Law Review

Nearly all interesting legal issues require accurate predictions about human behavior to be resolved satisfactorily. Judges, policy- makers, and academics invoke mental models of individual and social behavior whenever they estimate the desirability of alternative rules, policies, or procedures. Contemporary legal scholarship has come to recognize that if these predictions are naive and intuitive, without any strong empirical grounding, they are susceptible to error and ideological bias. Something more rigorous is thus expected when normative claims are advanced, and the place of the social sciences has expanded in legal discourse to satisfy this expectation.'

Three branches of the social sciences-economics, …